CN112138438A

CN112138438A - Sewage filtering device

Info

Publication number: CN112138438A
Application number: CN202011059894.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜灵彦; 刘蕾
Original assignee: Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
Current assignee: Jinhua Yashuai Textile Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-30
Also published as: CN112138438B

Abstract

The invention relates to a sewage filtering device, which effectively solves the problems that sewage filtering equipment is difficult to stably maintain permeability for a long time, the back flushing efficiency is low and the equipment cost is high; the technical scheme includes that the device comprises a first vertical pipe, a liquid inlet pipe is mounted on the side wall of the first vertical pipe, a liquid outlet hole is formed in the upper end of the first vertical pipe, a filter assembly capable of moving up and down in the first vertical pipe is mounted in the first vertical pipe, the filter assembly comprises a first piston, a second piston, a plurality of filter sheets and a bottom block, the plurality of filter sheets are stacked between the second piston and the bottom block in an up-and-down mode, gaps are reserved between the plurality of filter sheets, when the filter assembly moves downwards, liquid can be filled between the first piston and the second piston, and when the filter assembly moves upwards, the liquid between the first piston and the second piston is squeezed out for backflushing; the invention can always ensure the permeability of the filtering component, permanently ensure the filtering efficiency, and does not need to additionally increase a filtering piece, a back flushing pump, a reversing valve and the like, thereby reducing the volume and the cost of equipment.

Description

Sewage filtering device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environmental engineering, in particular to a sewage filtering device.

Background

The sewage treatment is an important subject of environmental engineering, solid impurities in the sewage are generally filtered and removed by physical filtration, and after the sewage filtering device is used for a period of time, the impurities can be deposited in a filtering piece to block a filtering channel, so that the filtering flow is gradually reduced to be completely blocked; at present, a filtering piece is generally cleaned by a mode of stopping and backflushing periodically, but stubborn impurities are usually formed on the filtering piece due to long-time impurity deposition and are difficult to clean, the filtering efficiency is gradually reduced due to the gradual reduction of the filtering flow in the normal filtering process, and the permeability of the filtering piece is difficult to maintain stably for a long time; in addition, normal filtering operation cannot be performed during backflushing, efficiency is affected, some equipment adopts two or more filtering elements, replacement is performed during backflushing, one filtering element is backflushed without shutdown, but the size of the equipment is increased by the mode, and one filtering element is in an idle state, so that the equipment cost is high, and the utilization rate of the filtering element is low; furthermore, the existing backflushing equipment is provided with a backflushing pump or an annular valve, so that the equipment cost is further increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the sewage filtering device, which effectively solves the problems that the sewage filtering equipment is difficult to stably maintain permeability for a long time, the backwashing efficiency is low and the equipment cost is high.

The technical scheme of its solution is, a sewage filter equipment, including first standpipe, install the feed liquor pipe on the first standpipe lateral wall, open liquid outlet hole in the upper end of first standpipe, install the filter assembly that can reciprocate in first standpipe in the first standpipe, the filter assembly includes from the top down coaxial first piston that sets up, the second piston, the filter disc of a plurality of disc types and a circular bottom block, first piston, the second piston all laminates with the first standpipe inner wall, the upper and lower range upon range of between second piston and the bottom block of a plurality of filter discs, the external diameter of filter disc and bottom block all is less than the internal diameter of first standpipe, and leave the clearance between a plurality of filter discs, the centre of a circle position of every filter disc is opened a through-hole; a pull rod capable of pulling the filter assembly to move up and down is arranged on the filter assembly, and the upper end of the pull rod penetrates out of the first vertical pipe and is connected with a driving device; the axial positions of the two pistons penetrate through a second vertical pipe with the same lower end opening and the upper end being closed, the second piston can slide relative to the second vertical pipe, a first liquid passing hole and a second liquid passing hole are formed in the side wall of the second vertical pipe, the second liquid passing hole is higher than the first liquid passing hole, when the first piston is in contact with the second piston, the first piston closes the first liquid passing hole, the second liquid passing hole is opened, the first piston moves upwards to open the first liquid passing hole and close the second liquid passing hole, a hinge plate located between the first liquid passing hole and the second liquid passing hole is installed in the second vertical pipe, the hinge plate can be opened upwards in a single direction, a pressure spring is installed between the first piston and the top of the first vertical pipe, and a pull rope is connected between the first piston and the top of the first vertical pipe; when the filter assembly moves to the lowest end position, the second piston closes the pipe opening of the liquid inlet pipe, the pull rope is tensioned, and the first piston is separated from the second piston.

The invention can always ensure the permeability of the filtering component in the using process, ensures the filtering efficiency for a long time, does not need to additionally add a filtering element, a back flushing pump, a reversing valve and the like, and reduces the volume and the cost of equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention with the filter assembly moved downward.

Fig. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention with the filter assembly at the lowermost end.

Fig. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention with the filter assembly moving upward.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the flow direction of liquid when the filter assembly is moved downward.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the flow direction of liquid when the filter assembly is moved downward to the lowermost end.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the flow of liquid as the filter assembly moves upwardly from the lowermost position.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the position a in fig. 1.

Figure 8 is a top view of the hinge panel position.

The dashed arrows in the above figures indicate the direction of movement of the filter assembly and the solid arrows indicate the direction of liquid flow.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention includes a first vertical tube 1, a liquid inlet pipe 2 is installed on a side wall of the first vertical tube 1, a liquid outlet hole 3 is opened at an upper end of the first vertical tube 1, a filter assembly capable of moving up and down in the first vertical tube 1 is installed in the first vertical tube 1, the filter assembly includes a first piston 4, a second piston 5, a plurality of disc-shaped filter sheets 6 and a circular bottom block 7 coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 are both attached to an inner wall of the first vertical tube 1, the plurality of filter sheets 6 are stacked up and down between the second piston 5 and the bottom block 7, outer diameters of the filter sheets 6 and the bottom block 7 are both smaller than an inner diameter of the first vertical tube 1, gaps are left between the plurality of filter sheets 6, and a through hole 8 is opened at a circle center position of each filter sheet 6; a pull rod 9 capable of pulling the filter assembly to move up and down is arranged on the filter assembly, and the upper end of the pull rod 9 penetrates out of the first vertical pipe 1 and is connected with a driving device; a second vertical pipe 10 with the same lower end opening and the upper end being closed is arranged at the axial line of the two pistons in a penetrating mode, the second piston 5 can slide relative to the second vertical pipe 10, a first liquid passing hole 11 and a second liquid passing hole 12 are formed in the side wall of the second vertical pipe 10, the second liquid passing hole 12 is higher than the first liquid passing hole 11, when the first piston 4 contacts with the second piston 5, the first liquid passing hole 11 is closed by the first piston 4, the second liquid passing hole 12 is opened, the first liquid passing hole 11 is opened by upward movement of the first piston 4, the second liquid passing hole 12 is closed, a hinge plate 13 located between the first liquid passing hole 11 and the second liquid passing hole 12 is installed in the second vertical pipe 10, the hinge plate 13 can be opened upwards in a single direction, a pressure spring 14 is installed between the first piston 4 and the top of the first vertical pipe 1, and a pull rope 15 is connected between the first piston 4 and the top of the first vertical pipe 1; when the filter assembly moves to the lowest end position, the second piston 5 closes the opening of the liquid inlet pipe 2, the pull rope 15 is tensioned, and the first piston 4 is separated from the second piston 5.

Every equal circumference equipartition of lower surface of filter 6 a plurality of bumps 16, pull rod 9 passes first piston 4, second piston 5, a plurality of filter 6 and bottom block 7 in proper order, two nuts 17 are equipped with in pull rod 9 top spin, one of them nut 17 is located bottom block 7 lower extreme, another nut 17 is located second piston 5 upper end, two nuts 17 tighten up the back and compress tightly second piston 5, a plurality of filter 6 and bottom block 7, bump 16 on the filter 6 of last is pressed on the filter 6 of below, makes to form the clearance between the filter 6, first piston 4 can slide relative pull rod 9.

The driving device comprises a vertical rack 18 fixed above the pull rod 9, teeth are arranged on the left side and the right side of the rack 18, an incomplete gear 19 meshed with the rack 18 is arranged on each side of the rack 18, the two incomplete gears 19 are the same with the steering direction, the two incomplete gears 19 are not meshed with the rack 18 at the same time, the two incomplete gears 19 can drive the gears to move up and down alternately, and therefore the filter assembly is pulled by the pull rod 9 to move up and down.

First standpipe 1 lateral wall on the circumference equipartition install a plurality of vertical communicating pipes 20, a plurality of communicating pipes 20 circumference equipartitions just are located the below of feed liquor pipe 2, the last lower extreme of communicating pipe 20 all with 1 inside intercommunication of first standpipe, be equipped with on 1 inner wall of first standpipe one with the communicating pipe 20 on the port down along the protruding edge 21 of parallel and level, protruding edge 21 can accept along the liquid of 1 inner wall downdraft of first standpipe and will accept liquid through 20 water conservancy diversion to 1 bottom of first standpipe.

First standpipe 1 inner wall on be equipped with a plurality of dirty boards 22 that keep off, keep off dirty board 22 inner downward sloping and a plurality of dirty board 22 crisscross arrangement from top to bottom, keep off dirty board 22 and can prevent that the filth of first standpipe 1 bottom from upwards billowing.

A first switch valve 23 and a second switch valve 24 are installed at the lower end of the first vertical pipe 1, and the first switch valve 23 is positioned above the second switch valve 24; during normal use, first ooff valve 23 opens, and second ooff valve 24 closes, and the filth deposit of first standpipe 1 bottom is between first ooff valve 23 and second ooff valve 24, closes first ooff valve 23 during the blowdown, opens second ooff valve 24, and the filth is discharged from first standpipe 1 lower extreme.

The liquid inlet pipe 2 is provided with a liquid inlet one-way valve 25, so that the liquid in the first vertical pipe 1 can be prevented from flowing back.

The hinge plate 13 is composed of a mandrel fixed along the diameter of the second vertical pipe 10 and two baffles symmetrically hinged on the mandrel, an annular blocking edge 26 positioned below the hinge plate 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the second vertical pipe 10, and the blocking edge 26 enables the hinge plate 13 to be opened upwards in one direction only.

The filter sheets 6 are in the shape of a conical disc with the small end upwards, so that the outer edge of a gap formed between the filter sheets 6 is lower than the inner edge, and impurities in the gap can be washed away more smoothly during back flushing.

When the invention is used, the outer end of the liquid inlet pipe 2 is connected with a sewage source, when the driving device pulls the filtering component to move upwards through the pull rod 9, negative pressure is formed below the piston, under the action of negative pressure, sewage enters the first vertical pipe 1 from the liquid inlet pipe 2, the first vertical pipe 1 is filled with the sewage after the filtering component moves to the uppermost end, then the pull rod 9 pushes the filtering component to move downwards, the first piston 4 is pressed on the surface of the second piston 5 under the action of the pressure spring 14, the first liquid passing hole 11 is sealed by the first piston 4, the second liquid passing hole 12 is opened, the sewage below is extruded by the second piston 5, the sewage enters the second vertical pipe 10 through the gap between the filter sheets 6 and the through hole 8, the hinge plate 13 is pushed by the water pressure below the hinge plate 13 to rotate upwards to be opened, the water below flows to the upper part of the first piston 4 from the second liquid passing hole 12, and the impurities in the sewage are filtered by the gap between the filter sheets 6.

When the pull rope 15 is tensioned along with the downward movement of the filter assembly, the first piston 4 does not move downward along with the second piston 5 any more, the first piston 4 moves upward relative to the second piston 5 to close the second liquid passing hole 12, the first liquid passing hole 11 is opened, and at the moment, water flowing into the second vertical pipe 10 through the gap of the filter disc 6 and the through hole 8 fills the gap between the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 through the first liquid passing hole 11; after the second piston 5 moves downwards to the lowest position continuously, the second piston 5 closes the pipe orifice of the liquid inlet pipe 2, then the driving device pulls the second piston 5, the filter sheet 6 and the bottom block 7 to move upwards through the pull rod 9, the liquid level below the second piston 5 is lower than the position of the convex edge 21, the first piston 4 is still under the action of the pressure spring 14, before the first piston 4 contacts with the second piston 5, the second liquid passing hole 12 is always in a closed state, the first liquid passing hole 11 is always in an open state, the upward movement of the second piston 5 will squeeze out the water between the first piston 4 and the second piston 5, the part of water flows to the lower part of the second piston 5 through the first liquid passing hole 11, the through hole 8 and the gap between the filter sheets 6, backflushing the gap of the filter 6, wherein the backflushed liquid flows into the convex edge 21 along the inner wall of the first vertical pipe 1 and then is injected into the bottom of the first vertical pipe 1 through the communicating pipe 20; during backflushing, the liquid inlet pipe 2 is closed by the second piston 5 and does not feed water into the first vertical pipe 1, so that the backflushing liquid can smoothly flow into the convex edge 21 and is injected into the bottom of the first vertical pipe 1 through the communicating pipe 20.

After the second piston 5 contacts the first piston 4, the second piston 5 pushes the first piston 4 to move upwards to squeeze water above the first piston 4 synchronously under the action of the pressure spring 14, the hinge plate 13 is closed under the action of upper water pressure, the first piston 4 discharges the water above the first piston from the liquid outlet hole 3, meanwhile, negative pressure is formed below the second piston 5, the liquid inlet pipe 2 is not closed by the second piston 5, sewage is injected into the first vertical pipe 1 by the liquid inlet pipe 2, and the next cycle is started.

Impurities which are backflushed down are settled between the first switch valve 23 and the second switch valve 24 through the communicating pipe 20, the dirt blocking plate 22 can prevent the impurities from upwards surging when liquid is fed into the first vertical pipe 1, when slag is required to be discharged, the first switch valve 23 is firstly closed, then the second switch valve 24 is opened, the impurities at the bottom of the first vertical pipe 1 are discharged from the lower section of the first vertical pipe 1, after the slag is discharged, the second switch valve 24 is closed, and the first switch valve 23 is opened.

According to the invention, after each filtration, a small part of filtrate is used for backflushing the filtration gap, so that impurities can be effectively prevented from being adhered and deposited on the filter sheet 6 to form stubborn impurities, thus the long-time use of the filter assembly can be ensured without blockage, the shutdown cleaning is not needed, the permeability of the filter assembly is ensured all the time in the use process, the filtration efficiency is ensured for a long time, and a filter element, a backflushing pump, a reversing valve and the like are not needed to be additionally added, so that the equipment volume and the cost are reduced; in addition, the impurity deposit of recoil can not upwards turn over and gush in first standpipe 1 bottom, avoids first standpipe 1 filter segment to gather impurity gradually, through the cooperation of first ooff valve 23 and second ooff valve 24, can be under the circumstances of not shutting down convenient row's sediment.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a sewage filtering device, a serial communication port, including first standpipe (1), install feed liquor pipe (2) on the first standpipe (1) lateral wall, open first standpipe (1) upper end has liquid outlet hole (3), install the filter assembly that can reciprocate in first standpipe (1), filter assembly includes from the top down coaxial arrangement first piston (4), second piston (5), a plurality of disc type cassette (6) and a circular shape bottom block (7), first piston (4), second piston (5) all laminate with first standpipe (1) inner wall, a plurality of cassette (6) are range upon range of from top to bottom and are arranged in between second piston (5) and bottom block (7), the external diameter of cassette (6) and bottom block (7) all is less than the internal diameter of first standpipe (1), gaps are reserved among the plurality of filter sheets (6), and the circle center of each filter sheet (6) is provided with a through hole (8); a pull rod (9) capable of pulling the filter assembly to move up and down is arranged on the filter assembly, and the upper end of the pull rod (9) penetrates out of the first vertical pipe (1) and is connected with a driving device; a second vertical pipe (10) with the same lower end opening and the upper end being closed is arranged at the axial line of the two pistons in a penetrating mode, the second piston (5) can slide relative to the second vertical pipe (10), a first liquid passing hole (11) and a second liquid passing hole (12) are formed in the side wall of the second vertical pipe (10), the second liquid passing hole (12) is higher than the first liquid passing hole (11), when the first piston (4) contacts with the second piston (5), the first liquid passing hole (11) is closed by the first piston (4), the second liquid passing hole (12) is opened by the second piston (12), the first liquid passing hole (11) can be opened by upward movement of the first piston (4), the second liquid passing hole (12) is closed, a hinge plate (13) located between the first liquid passing hole (11) and the second liquid passing hole (12) is installed in the second vertical pipe (10), the hinge plate (13) can be opened upwards in a single direction, and a pressure spring (14) is installed between the top of the first vertical pipe (4) and the top of the first vertical pipe (1), and a pull rope (15) is connected between the first piston (4) and the top of the first vertical pipe (1); when the filter assembly moves to the lowest end position, the second piston (5) closes the opening of the liquid inlet pipe (2), the pull rope (15) is pulled tightly, and the first piston (4) is separated from the second piston (5).

2. The sewage filtering device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of convex points (16) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the lower surface of each filter sheet (6), the pull rod (9) sequentially penetrates through the first piston (4), the second piston (5), the plurality of filter sheets (6) and the bottom block (7), two nuts (17) are arranged on the pull rod (9) in a rotating mode, one nut (17) is located at the lower end of the bottom block (7), the other nut (17) is located at the upper end of the second piston (5), the plurality of filter sheets (6) and the bottom block (7) are tightly pressed after the two nuts (17) are screwed, the convex points (16) on the upper filter sheet (6) are pressed on the lower filter sheet (6), gaps are formed among the filter sheets (6), and the first piston (4) can slide relative to the pull rod (9).

3. The sewage filtering device according to claim 1, wherein the driving device comprises a vertical rack (18) fixed above the pull rod (9), the left side and the right side of the rack (18) are provided with teeth, each side of the rack (18) is provided with an incomplete gear (19) meshed with the rack, the two incomplete gears (19) are the same as the steering direction, the two incomplete gears (19) are not meshed with the rack (18) at the same time, and the two incomplete gears (19) can alternately drive the gears to move up and down, so that the filter assembly is pulled to move up and down through the pull rod (9).

4. The sewage filtering device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of vertical communicating pipes (20) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the first vertical pipe (1) along the circumference, the plurality of communicating pipes (20) are uniformly arranged on the circumference and are positioned below the liquid inlet pipe (2), the upper end and the lower end of each communicating pipe (20) are communicated with the inside of the first vertical pipe (1), the inner wall of the first vertical pipe (1) is provided with a convex edge (21) which is flush with the upper end of each communicating pipe (20) along the lower end of the upper end, and the convex edge (21) can receive liquid flowing down along the inner wall of the first vertical pipe (1) and guide the received liquid to the bottom of the first vertical pipe (1) through the communicating pipes (20).

5. The sewage filtering device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of dirt blocking plates (22) are arranged on the inner wall of the first vertical pipe (1), the inner ends of the dirt blocking plates (22) are inclined downwards, and the dirt blocking plates (22) are arranged in a vertically staggered manner.

6. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the first vertical pipe (1) is provided with a first on-off valve (23) and a second on-off valve (24), and the first on-off valve (23) is positioned above the second on-off valve (24).

7. A device for filtering polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the inlet pipe (2) is provided with an inlet check valve (25) for preventing the liquid in the first vertical pipe (1) from flowing back.

8. A sewage filter unit according to claim 1, characterized in that said hinge plate (13) is composed of a mandrel fixed along the diameter of the second vertical pipe (10) and two baffles symmetrically hinged to the mandrel, the inner wall of the second vertical pipe (10) is provided with an annular blocking edge (26) located under the hinge plate (13), and the blocking edge (26) enables the hinge plate (13) to be opened only in one direction upwards.

9. A sewage filtering device according to claim 1, characterized in that said filter sheet (6) has the shape of a conical disk with its small end facing upwards.