CN112136395A

CN112136395A - Soil loosening, layering and fertilizing integrated device

Info

Publication number: CN112136395A
Application number: CN202010966705.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐海全
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-15
Filing date: 2020-09-15
Publication date: 2020-12-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device which comprises a shell, wheels arranged below the shell, a soil loosening sub-device, a layered fertilization sub-device and a power control system, wherein the soil loosening sub-device and the layered fertilization sub-device are connected with the shell, and the power control system provides power for the device; soil resonance is utilized to loosen the soil, layered fertilization is realized by utilizing the mutual repulsion of like charges to have the effect of electrified fertilizer particles, and the technical problems that mechanical parts are in large contact abrasion with the soil during loosening the soil, and the loosening and layered fertilization are carried out step by step and have complicated steps in the prior art are solved.

Description

Soil loosening, layering and fertilizing integrated device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of corn or wheat planting, in particular to a soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device.

Background

In the corn or wheat planting process, soil needs to be loosened. The purpose of loosening the soil is to increase the gaps among the soil sand grains, so that the lower part of the soil can be in contact with the air, and the oxygen content of the lower part of the soil is increased. In the prior art, mechanical parts are generally used to directly contact with soil to turn over and loosen the soil. The mechanical parts directly contact with soil to turn over soil, the mechanical parts are abraded greatly, and the mechanical parts are easy to damage. In addition, when wheat or corn is planted, the fertilizer which is mainly needed in different stages of plant root growth is different, and the soil is required to be fertilized in layers, so that the fertilizer is buried in the soil to a certain depth. At present, soil loosening and layered fertilization are generally performed in a distributed mode, soil is turned firstly, and then fertilizers are buried in deep soil, and the mode is complicated in steps and high in cost.

Therefore, there is a need for improvement of the prior art to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an integrated device for soil loosening and layered fertilization, which solves the technical problems of the prior art, such as large abrasion due to direct contact between mechanical parts and the soil, and complicated steps for loosening and fertilizing step by step. The method is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device, which comprises a shell, wheels arranged below the shell, a soil loosening sub-device, a layered fertilization sub-device and a power control system, wherein the soil loosening sub-device and the layered fertilization sub-device are connected with the shell, and the power control system provides power for the device and can also control the device;

the soil loosening device comprises a vibration exciter, a connecting rod connected with the lower portion of the vibration exciter, a microwave generator, a vibration exciting disc connected with the lower portion of the connecting rod, an air needle, an air pump, a hollow tube connected with the air needle and the air pump, and an insertion mechanism connected with the air needle. The density of the soil can be reduced by the dried soil, so that the natural frequency of the soil is reduced, the frequency of the vibration exciter can be correspondingly reduced, if the vibration exciter directly acts on the soil which is not dried, the frequency of vibration excitation needs to be adjusted to be higher, the higher frequency has larger loss to the vibration exciter, in addition, the density of the soil is reduced, and the subsequent air needle can be conveniently inserted into the soil; the vibration exciter controls the vibration disc to vibrate in the vertical direction, the vibration frequency of the vibration disc is the same as the natural frequency of soil, the vibration disc can drive the soil to resonate when vibrating, the soil can move to a larger extent in the vertical direction to turn over the soil, high-pressure gas is stored in the air pump, the inserting mechanism controls the gas needle to be inserted into the soil right below the vibration disc, the high-pressure gas is ejected out of the gas needle head through the hollow tube, when the vibration exciter is started and the soil resonates along with the vibration disc, the gas needle head can be set to eject the high-pressure gas intermittently, when the soil moves in the vertical direction, the gas needle ejects the high-pressure gas, the vibration amplitude of the soil is further intensified, and the soil turning is completed;

the layered fertilizer applying sub-device comprises a fertilizer storage bin, a mixing bin connected with the fertilizer storage bin, a particle storage bin connected with the mixing bin, a sprayer, a vibration mechanism, a power adding plate, a screen, a discharging pipe, a screening electric plate, a fertilizer recycling mechanism, a discharging pipe and a layered electric plate; the fertilizer storage bin is used for storing granular fertilizer, the granule storage bin is used for storing particles easy to be charged, common dust particles and other micro particles easy to be ionized to form ions can be placed in the granule storage bin, the volume of the fertilizer particles can be larger than that of the particles easy to be charged, and the fertilizer particles and the particles easy to be charged can enter the mixing bin; the sprayer, the vibration mechanism and the charging plate are connected with the mixing bin, the sprayer is used for spraying a viscous agent into the mixing bin, the viscous agent is a degradable viscous agent, the vibration mechanism controls the mixing bin to vibrate, the charging plate controls the mixing bin wall to provide net charges, the mixing bin wall can be made of metal materials, a positive voltage can be connected to the outer wall of the mixing bin, a capacitor is formed between the outer wall of the mixing bin and the ground, fertilizer particles and easily charged particles are mixed in the mixing bin, the fertilizer particles and the easily charged particles are bonded together in the process of vibrating the mixing bin and spraying the viscous agent, at the moment, the easily charged particles are positively charged due to the fact that the outer wall of the mixing bin is connected with the positive voltage, and the mixed particles formed by bonding the fertilizer particles and the easily charged; the screen is arranged in the mixing bin, the screen can be arranged below the mixing bin, the bottom of the mixing bin is provided with a door, after the mixing bin vibrates, chemical fertilizer particles and easily-charged particles are mixed, the door is opened, the mixed particles pass through the screen from the bottom of the mixing bin and fall from the discharging pipe, the screen can filter large-particle impurities in the chemical fertilizer, the mixed particles falling from the discharging pipe can be controlled to be approximately the same in volume and quality, and after entering soil, the falling speed in the soil is approximately the same, the discharging pipe is connected with the lower part of the mixing bin, and the side wall of the discharging pipe is provided with a material screening hole; the screening electric plate is connected with the side wall of the discharging pipe, the position of the screening electric plate is not lower than the lowest end of the screening opening, the screening electric plate can be positively charged, the screening electric plate can be arranged on the side wall of the discharging pipe in the direction opposite to the screening opening, when positively charged mixed particles fall from the discharging pipe and pass through the position of the screening electric plate, the screening electric plate can repel the mixed particles, the mixed particles are pushed into the screening opening, the mixed particles are moved out from the discharging opening after passing through the screening opening and the discharging pipe, if some fertilizer particles are not fully adhered to the easily charged particles or the easily charged particles are not charged, the fertilizer can directly fall from the discharging pipe to the fertilizer recovery mechanism, and the fertilizer is fed into the fertilizer storage bin again by the fertilizer recovery mechanism to be continuously mixed; the mixed particles entering the feed opening can be controlled to have approximately the same volume and approximately the same quality through the screen, the mixed particles entering the feed opening are controlled to have enough charges through the screen material electric plate, and the charge quantity is approximately the same; the discharge pipe is connected with the material sieving port, the discharge pipe is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port and the layered electric plate are both connected with the vibration exciting disc, mixed particles are discharged from the discharge port and directly fall into the soil right below the vibration exciting disc, the net charge on the layered electric plate is the same as the net charge provided by the electric plate, the layered electric plate controls the vibration exciting disc to be charged, the mixed particles are the same as the charged particles on the vibration exciting disc, the mixed particles are subjected to the repulsive force of the vibration exciting disc, when the soil below the vibration exciting disc and the vibration exciting disc generate resonance, the vibration amplitude of the soil below the vibration exciting disc is larger, gaps among the soil particles can be increased, the mixed particles can not generate resonance because of being obviously different from the soil particles, the mixed particles can move to the soil below under the action of gravity and the layered electric plate, and the repulsive force between the mixed particles and the vibration exciting disc can be controlled by controlling the voltage of, and further controlling the downward moving speed of the mixed particles in the soil, and further determining the descending depth of the mixed particles in the resonance process of the vibration exciter and the soil, so that layered fertilization is realized.

Further, the fertilizer recovery mechanism comprises a recovery bin arranged below the discharging pipe, a conveyor belt group connected with the recovery bin, a circulation box and a conveying track connected with the circulation box, wherein uncharged particles or particles with too small charge quantity falling from the discharging pipe fall into the recovery bin, the conveyor belt group is used for conveying fertilizer particles, mixed particles and easily-charged particles in the recovery bin into the circulation box, the plurality of conveying boxes can move along the conveying track, the conveying track can convey the conveying box on a vertical plane, the conveying box can be fixedly connected with the conveying track, the conveying track comprises an inverted U-shaped track arranged above the fertilizer storage bin, the transmission track is used for controlling the opening of the circulation box to face downwards at the inverted U-shaped track and the opening of the conveying box to face upwards when the conveyor belt group conveys the fertilizer into the circulation box, and the opening of the conveying box moves to the front of the highest point of the inverted U-shaped track to face upwards, the opening is downward after the highest point, fertilizer particles in the conveying box are conveyed into the fertilizer storage bin again, and then the conveying box continues to move along the conveying track.

Further, the inserting mechanism comprises a motor I, a rotating disc and a screw rod, the rotating disc is connected with the shaft of the motor I, the hollow tube is arranged to be a hose, when the air needle is inserted into soil, one part of the hollow tube is inserted into the soil along with the air needle, the motor I drives the rotating disc to rotate, the rotating disc is in threaded contact with the screw rod, the rotating disc is used for controlling the screw rod to move, the screw rod is connected with the air needle, when the rotating disc rotates, the screw rod is controlled to be inserted into the soil, then the air needle connected with the screw rod is controlled to be inserted into the soil together, and after the air needle is inserted into the.

Further, integrative device of soil loosening layering fertilization still includes the rotary mechanism who is connected with air needle and hollow tube, rotary mechanism includes gear, motor II and controller, the controller is used for controlling the gear intermittent type rotation 180 when the air needle inserts behind the soil and air pump jet air, and then control the air needle rotation 180, can set up when soil is located the peak in the vertical direction resonance, and air needle jet air and upwards rotatory when the clearance between the soil granule is the biggest promptly, and the soil is from rotatory jet air that upwards can make soil granule further multi-direction removal at soil resonance in-process down, reinforcing effect of digging.

Further, the vibrating mechanism comprises a vibrating motor, a vibrating piece connected with a shaft of the vibrating motor and an elastic component connected with the mixing bin, the elastic component can always have a downward force on the mixing bin, when the vibrating piece rotates, the vibrating piece is contacted with the mixing bin intermittently, the vibrating piece can be set to be a turntable with a spring piece on the side surface, the turntable is driven to rotate by the vibrating motor, the spring piece can intermittently generate an upward force on the mixing bin in the rotating process of the turntable, and the mixing layer can vibrate up and down under the action of the vibrating piece and the elastic component.

Further, integrative device of the layering fertilization that loosens the soil still includes the water jet equipment who is used for spraying water to the vibration excitation dish below being connected with the casing, loosens the soil, the layering fertilization accomplishes the back, can spray water through water jet equipment, and the decomposition of viscidity agent can be quickened in the water spray to in the quick abundant soil that melts of pesticide of the layering fertilization with higher speed, because water in the soil before was evaporated by the microwave, the water spray also can increase the water content of soil, is favorable to the growth of crops.

Further, the connecting rod penetrates through the vibration disc, the vibration disc is made of steel, an insulating layer can be arranged at the bottom of the vibration disc, after mixed particles fall out of the discharge hole, the vibration disc made of toughened materials is prevented from contacting with the mixed particles to cause charge offset, the effect of layered fertilization is reduced, the layered electric plate is used for applying voltage to the vibration disc when the vibration disc works, the electric charge carried by the vibration disc is the same as the electric charge carried by the mixed particles, the mixed particles are repelled and can rapidly move below the soil, the repulsive force borne by the mixed particles can be controlled through the voltage value carried by the vibration disc, the moving depth of the mixed particles in the soil is further controlled, the microwave generator is used for emitting microwaves below the connecting rod, and the microwave generator controls the microwaves to be emitted from the connecting rod without passing through the vibration disc made of toughened materials, the microwave can selectively heat polar water molecules in the soil, and the microwave has low energy consumption, high heating speed and high energy conversion efficiency.

Furthermore, the vibration excitation disc is provided with vent holes, and the vent holes can facilitate gas to flow out from the position of the vibration excitation disc due to the fact that the gas needles jet gas in soil right below the vibration excitation disc.

Furthermore, the adhesive sprayed by the sprayer is pectin, the pectin is commonly used in the food manufacturing industry, is non-toxic and is easy to degrade at low temperature, and the pectin used as the adhesive has no pollution to soil and is easy to degrade.

Further, the gas of storing in the air pump is high pressure oxygen, and the gas needle spouts high pressure oxygen in soil can increase the oxygen content of soil, and soil oxygen content is high, is favorable to the growth of root system.

The positive and beneficial technical effects of the invention comprise:

(1) any object has a natural frequency, and when the vibration frequency applied from the outside is close to or the same as the natural frequency, a resonance phenomenon is generated, and the vibration of the object is obviously increased. The natural frequency of the soil is related to the compactness of the soil, the larger the compactness is, the higher the natural frequency of the soil is, and when the compactness of the soil is less than 92.5%, the natural frequency of the soil hardly changes; the compactness of the soil is related to the water content, and when the water content is less than 12%, the smaller the water content is, the smaller the compactness of the soil is. According to the technical scheme, the natural frequency of the soil is utilized to generate resonance to loosen and apply fertilizer layer by layer, the mechanical parts do not directly apply force to the soil to turn the soil, and the mechanical parts are prevented from being damaged or abraded in the soil loosening process;

(2) the mixed particles and the charges carried by the vibration exciting disc are utilized to generate repulsive force, the mixed particles are controlled to move to a certain depth below the soil during the resonant soil loosening of the soil, and further the fertilizer is controlled to be deeply buried at a certain depth below the soil, so that the purpose of layered fertilization is realized;

(3) the soil loosening and the layered fertilization are carried out simultaneously, the steps are simple, the speed is high, and the cost is low;

(4) when the resonant soil loosening is carried out, the air needle is inserted into the deep soil to inject air, so that the turning of soil particles is further intensified in the soil loosening process, and the soil loosening effect is further enhanced;

(5) the easily degradable adhesive is adopted, so that the soil is not polluted in the layered fertilization process;

(6) after loosening the soil and applying fertilizer in layers, spraying water to the soil layer to soften the soil, increasing the water content of the soil and accelerating the decomposition of the adhesive;

other advantageous effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an internal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of an internal structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of an internal structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the section A at 1:1.2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

icon:

1-a shell; 2-wheels; 3-a vibration exciter; 4-a connecting rod; 5-a microwave generator; 6-excitation disc; 7-air needle; 8, an air pump; 9-hollow pipe; 10-fertilizer storage; 11-a mixing bin; 12-a granule storage bin; 13-a sprinkler; 14-a power-on plate; 15-a screen mesh; 16-a blanking pipe; 17-sieve material electric plate; 18-a discharge pipe; 19-layered electric plate; 20-a recovery bin; 21-a set of conveyor belts; 22-a circulation box; 23-a transfer track; 24-inverted U-shaped track; 25-rotating the disc; 26-screw rod; 27-a rotation mechanism; 28-vibrating piece; 29-an elastic member; 30-a water spraying device; 31-vent hole.

Detailed Description

Example 1: a soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device is shown in figures 1-5 and comprises a shell 1, wheels 2 arranged below the shell 1, a soil loosening sub-device, a layered fertilization sub-device and a power control system, wherein the soil loosening sub-device and the layered fertilization sub-device are connected with the shell 1, cotton can be arranged on the surfaces of the wheels 2 to prevent soil from being crushed, and the power control system provides power for the whole device and can also control the device;

the scarifier device comprises a vibration exciter 3, a connecting rod 4 connected with the lower part of the vibration exciter 3, a microwave generator 5, a vibration exciting disc 6 connected with the lower part of the connecting rod 4, an air needle 7, an air pump 8, a hollow tube 9 connecting the air needle 7 and the air pump 8 and an insertion mechanism connected with the air needle 7, before using the device, the natural frequency f of the dry soil on the land to be loosened and fertilized, f is usually 20Hz to 22Hz, i.e. 20 to 22 vibrations per second, the vibration frequency of the exciter 3 is adjusted to be the same as the natural frequency of the soil, the connecting rod 4 is arranged as a telescopic rod, the length of the telescopic rod is controlled, the vibration exciting disc 6 is positioned at a position which can just contact the ground, the microwave generator 5 is used for vertically emitting microwaves downwards, the microwaves can selectively heat polar water molecules in the soil, water in the soil is rapidly evaporated, and the soil is dried. The density of the soil can be reduced by the dried soil, so that the natural frequency of the soil is reduced, the frequency of the vibration exciter 3 can be correspondingly reduced, if the vibration exciter 3 directly acts on the soil which is not dried, the vibration exciting frequency needs to be adjusted to be higher, the higher frequency has larger loss to the vibration exciter 3, and the soil contains much water which is not beneficial to the resonance of the soil, in addition, the density of the soil is reduced, and the subsequent air needles 7 can be conveniently inserted into the soil; the vibration exciter 3 controls the vibration disc 6 to vibrate in the vertical direction, because the vibration frequency of the vibration disc 6 is the same as the natural frequency of soil, the vibration disc 6 can drive the soil to resonate when vibrating, the soil can move with a larger amplitude in the vertical direction, soil particles roll and turn over, high-pressure gas is stored in the air pump 8, the air needle 7 is controlled by the inserting mechanism to be inserted into the soil right below the vibration disc 6, the high-pressure gas is sprayed out from the needle head of the air needle 7 through the hollow tube 9, when the vibration exciter 3 is started and the soil resonates with the vibration disc 6, the needle head of the air needle 7 can be set to intermittently spray the high-pressure gas, when the soil moves in the vertical direction, the air needle 7 sprays the high-pressure gas, the vibration amplitude of the soil is further intensified, and the soil turning;

the layered fertilizer applying sub-device comprises a fertilizer storage bin 10, a mixing bin 11 connected with the fertilizer storage bin 10, a particle storage bin 12 connected with the mixing bin 11, a sprayer 13, a vibration mechanism, an electrifying plate 14, a screen 15, a discharging pipe 16, a screening electric plate 17, a fertilizer recycling mechanism, a discharging pipe 18 and a layered electric plate 19; the fertilizer storage bin 10 is used for storing granular fertilizer, the granule storage bin 12 is used for storing particles easy to be charged, common dust particles and other micro particles easy to be ionized to form ions can be placed in the granule storage bin 12, the volume of the fertilizer particles can be larger than that of the particles easy to be charged, and the fertilizer particles and the particles easy to be charged can enter the mixing bin 11; the sprayer 13, the vibration mechanism and the charging plate 14 are connected with the mixing bin 11, the sprayer 13 is used for spraying a viscous agent into the mixing bin 11, the viscous agent adopts a degradable viscous agent to prevent soil pollution, the vibration mechanism controls the mixing bin 11 to vibrate, the charging plate 14 controls the wall of the mixing bin 11 to provide net charges, the wall of the mixing bin 11 can be made of metal materials, a positive voltage can be connected to the outer wall of the mixing bin 11, the outer wall of the mixing bin 11 and the ground form a capacitor, fertilizer particles and easily charged particles are mixed in the mixing bin 11, the fertilizer particles and the easily charged particles are adhered together in the process of vibrating the mixing bin 11 and spraying the viscous agent, at the moment, as the outer wall of the mixing bin 11 is connected with the positive voltage, the easily charged particles obtain positive charges, the mixed particles formed by adhering the easily charged particles are positively charged, and the mass of the fertilizer particles is far larger than the, in the vibration process of the mixing bin 11, the fertilizer particles have large inertia and are not easy to adhere together, the particles which are easy to be charged have small inertia, and are easy to adhere to the fertilizer particles under the action of the adhesive during vibration, and the subsequent screen 15 can also filter out the larger fertilizer particles which are adhered together; the screen 15 is arranged in the mixing bin 11, the screen 15 can be arranged below the mixing bin 11, the bottom of the mixing bin 11 is provided with a door, the door is opened after the mixing bin 11 vibrates, chemical fertilizer particles and easily-charged particles are mixed, the mixed particles fall from the blanking pipe 16 after passing through the screen 15 from the bottom of the mixing bin 11, the screen 15 can filter large-particle impurities in the chemical fertilizer, the mixed particles falling from the blanking pipe 16 can be controlled to be approximately the same in volume and quality, the falling speed of the mixed particles in soil is approximately the same after entering the soil, the blanking pipe 16 is connected with the lower part of the mixing bin 11, and the side wall of the blanking pipe 16 is provided with a screen port; the screening electric plate 17 is connected with the side wall of the discharging pipe 16, the position of the screening electric plate 17 is not lower than the lowest end of the screening port, the screening electric plate 17 can be positively charged, the screening electric plate 17 can be arranged on the side wall of the discharging pipe 16 in the direction opposite to the screening port, when the positively charged mixed particles fall from the discharging pipe 16 and pass through the position of the screening electric plate 17, the screening electric plate 17 generates repulsion action on the mixed particles, the mixed particles are pushed into the screening port, the mixed particles are moved out from the discharging port after passing through the screening port and the discharging pipe 18, if some fertilizer particles are not fully adhered with the easily charged particles or the easily charged particles are not charged, the fertilizer particles directly fall from the discharging pipe 16 to the fertilizer recovery mechanism under the action of gravity, and the fertilizer recovery mechanism feeds the fertilizers into the fertilizer storage bin 10 again to continue to be mixed; the mixed particles entering the blanking pipe 16 can be controlled to have approximately the same volume and approximately the same quality through the screen 15, and the mixed particles entering the material screening port are controlled to have enough charges and approximately the same charge quantity through the screen material electric plate 17; the discharge pipe 18 is connected with a material sieving port, a discharge port is arranged on the discharge pipe 18, the discharge port and the layered electric plate 19 are both connected with the vibration excitation disc 6, mixed particles are discharged from the discharge port and directly fall onto the soil right below the vibration excitation disc 6, the net charge on the layered electric plate 19 is the same as the net charge provided by the electric plate 14, the layered electric plate 19 controls the vibration excitation disc 6 to be charged, the mixed particles are the same as the charged electric property on the vibration excitation disc 6 and are subjected to the repulsive force of the vibration excitation disc 6, when the soil below the vibration excitation disc 6 and the vibration excitation disc 6 resonate, the soil vibration amplitude below the vibration excitation disc 6 is larger, gaps among the soil particles can be increased, the mixed particles can not resonate due to being obviously different from the soil particles, the mixed particles can move to the lower part of the soil under the action of gravity and the layered electric plate 19, and the voltage of the layered electric plate 19 is controlled, the repulsive force between the mixed particles and the vibration exciting disc 6 can be controlled, the downward moving speed of the mixed particles in the soil is further controlled, the descending depth of the mixed particles in the resonance process of the vibration exciter 3 and the soil is further determined, and therefore layered fertilization is achieved.

In this embodiment, the fertilizer recovery mechanism includes the recovery bin 20 that sets up in unloading pipe 16 below, the conveyer group 21 that is connected with recovery bin 20, circulation box 22 and the transfer orbit 23 that is connected with circulation box 22, and the uncharged granule that falls down from unloading pipe 16 or the granule that the electrification amount is too little fall into recovery bin 20, conveyer group 21 is used for carrying the fertilizer granule in the recovery bin 20, mixed granule, the granule that easily charges to circulation box 22 in, and the transfer box sets up to be a plurality ofly, can follow transfer orbit 23 and remove, and transfer orbit 23 can transport the transfer box on the vertical plane, and the transfer box can with transfer orbit 23 fixed connection, transfer orbit 23 is including setting up the type of falling U track 24 in fertilizer storage bin 10 top, and the transfer orbit is used for controlling circulation box 22 and is opening up when the type of falling U track department opening down and conveying the fertilizer to circulation box 22 in, the opening of the conveying box is upward before the conveying box moves to the highest point of the inverted U-shaped rail 24, the opening is downward after the highest point, fertilizer particles in the conveying box are conveyed into the fertilizer storage bin 10 again, and then the conveying box continues to move along the conveying rail 23.

In this embodiment, the insertion mechanism includes a motor I, a rotating disk 25 connected to a shaft of the motor I, and a screw 26, the hollow tube 9 is configured as a hose, when the air needle 7 is inserted into soil, a part of the hollow tube 9 is inserted into soil along with the air needle 7, the motor I drives the rotating disk 25 to rotate, the rotating disk 25 is in contact with a thread on the screw 26, the rotating disk 25 is used for controlling the screw 26 to move, the screw 26 is connected to the air needle 7, when the rotating disk 25 rotates, the screw 26 is controlled to be inserted into soil, and further the air needle 7 connected to the screw 26 is controlled to be inserted into soil together, and after the air needle 7 is inserted into soil, high-pressure gas can be sprayed into soil.

In the embodiment, the soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device further comprises a rotating mechanism 27 connected with the air needle 7 and the hollow tube 9, wherein the rotating mechanism 27 comprises a gear, a motor II and a controller, the controller is used for controlling the gear to intermittently rotate 180 degrees when the air needle 7 is inserted into soil and the air pump 8 injects air, so that the air needle 7 is controlled to rotate 180 degrees, the air needle 7 can inject air and rotate upwards when the soil resonates in the vertical direction at the highest point, namely the gap between soil particles is the largest, the soil rotates from bottom to top and injects air to enable the soil particles to further move in multiple directions in the soil resonation process, and the soil turning effect is enhanced; when the air needle 7 finishes one time of air injection and is pulled out of the soil, the air needle 7 returns to the position of the original non-rotation.

In this embodiment, the vibration mechanism includes a vibration motor, a vibration plate 28 connected to a shaft of the vibration motor, and an elastic member 29 connected to the mixing chamber 11, the elastic member 29 may always have a downward force on the mixing chamber 11, the vibration plate 28 intermittently contacts the mixing chamber 11 when rotating, the vibration plate 28 may be a turntable having a spring piece on a side surface, the turntable is driven to rotate by the vibration motor, the spring piece may intermittently generate an upward force on the mixing chamber 11 during the rotation of the turntable, and the mixing layer may vibrate up and down under the action of the vibration plate 28 and the elastic member 29.

In this embodiment, integrative device of the layering fertilization loosens the soil still includes the water jet equipment 30 that is used for spraying water to vibration excitation dish 6 below being connected with casing 1, and after soil loosens the soil, the layering fertilization was accomplished, can spray water through water jet equipment 30, and the decomposition of viscidity agent can be quickened in the water spray to in the quick abundant soil that melts of pesticide of the layering fertilization with higher speed, because the water in the soil was evaporated by the microwave before, the water spray also can increase the water content of soil, is favorable to the growth of crops.

In this embodiment, the connecting rod 4 penetrates through the vibration disk 6, the vibration disk 6 is made of steel, an insulating layer can be arranged at the bottom of the vibration disk 6, after mixed particles fall out from the discharge hole, the vibration disk 6 made of toughened material is prevented from contacting with the mixed particles to cause charge offset, the effect of layered fertilization after the charge offset is reduced, the layered electric plate 19 is used for applying voltage to the vibration disk 6 when the vibration disk 6 works, the electric charge on the vibration disk 6 is the same as the electric charge on the mixed particles, the mixed particles can rapidly move to the lower part of the soil under the repulsion action of the repulsion, the magnitude of the repulsion force borne by the mixed particles can be controlled through the magnitude of the voltage value on the vibration disk 6, the depth of the mixed particles moving in the soil is controlled, the microwave generator 5 is used for emitting microwaves to the position right below the connecting rod 4, and the microwave generator 5 controls the microwaves to be emitted from the connecting rod 4 because the connecting rod 4 penetrates, the microwave does not pass through the excitation disc 6 made of a toughened material, polar water molecules in soil can be selectively heated by the microwave, and the microwave has low energy consumption, high heating speed and high energy conversion efficiency.

In this embodiment, the vibration excitation disk 6 is provided with the vent holes 31, and since the air needles 7 inject air into the soil right below the vibration excitation disk 6, the vent holes 31 can facilitate the air to flow out from the position where the vibration excitation disk 6 is located.

In this embodiment, the adhesive sprayed by the sprayer 13 is pectin, which is commonly used in food manufacturing industry, is non-toxic and easily degradable at low temperature, and the pectin used as the adhesive is free from soil pollution and is easily degradable.

In this embodiment, the gas of storing in the air pump 8 is high pressure oxygen, and the gas needle 7 spouts high pressure oxygen in soil inside can increase the oxygen content of soil, and soil oxygen content is high, is favorable to the growth of root system.

The implementation process comprises the following steps: the device can realize synchronous loosening and layered fertilization, drive the mechanical vehicle to the soil needing loosening and layered fertilization, and start the device to loosen the soil and layered fertilization; after the completion, the wheels 2 of the mechanical vehicle can be arranged to automatically roll forwards, and soil loosening and layered fertilization are carried out on the land in front; the specific steps of soil loosening and layered fertilization are as follows:

1. loosening the soil: measuring the natural frequency f of the soil in advance when the soil is dry, and adjusting the frequency of the vibration exciter 3 to be equal to f; starting a microwave generator 5, carrying out microwave treatment on the soil to evaporate water in the soil; starting the inserting mechanism, and inserting the air needle 7 into the soil; starting the vibration exciter 3, driving the vibration exciter 3 to vibrate the vibration disc 6, controlling the soil to resonate in the vertical direction by the vibration exciter 6, and simultaneously spraying high-pressure gas into the soil by the gas needle 7;

2. layered fertilization: granular fertilizer is stored in the fertilizer storage bin 10, dust particles are stored in the particle storage bin 12, and the granular fertilizer and the dust particles are mixed in the mixing bin 11; starting the vibration mechanism, the charging plate 14 and the sprayer 13, adhering fertilizer particles and dust particles together by the adhesive in the mixing bin 11 to form mixed particles, and controlling the electrification of the mixed particles by the charging plate 14 connected with the wall of the mixing bin 11; the mixed particles fall from a blanking pipe 16 after passing through a screen 15 in the mixing bin 11, and after passing through a screening electric plate 17, the mixed particles with the same mass, volume and electric charge quantity enter a screening material port, and after passing through a discharge pipe 18, the mixed particles are discharged from the discharge port and fall below the excitation disc 6; the layered electric plate 19 controls the excitation disc 6 to be electrified, the excitation disc 6 generates repulsive force to the mixed particles, and when the soil resonates, the mixed particles can enter a certain depth below the soil under the action of gravity and the repulsive force of the excitation disc 6; after a period of time, the adhesive is decomposed, and the fertilizer can be used for fertilizing soil with a certain depth to finish layered fertilization.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an integrative device of layering fertilization that soil loosens soil which characterized in that: the soil loosening sub-device and the layered fertilization sub-device are both connected with the shell, and the power control system provides power for the devices;

the scarifier device comprises a vibration exciter, a connecting rod connected with the lower part of the vibration exciter, a microwave generator, an excitation disc connected with the lower part of the connecting rod, an air needle, an air pump, a hollow tube connecting the air needle and the air pump, and an insertion mechanism connected with the air needle, wherein the connecting rod is arranged as a telescopic rod, the microwave generator is used for vertically and downwardly emitting microwaves, the vibration exciter controls the excitation disc to vibrate in the vertical direction, high-pressure gas is stored in the air pump, and the insertion mechanism controls the air needle to be inserted into soil right below the excitation disc;

the layered fertilizer applying sub-device comprises a fertilizer storage bin, a mixing bin connected with the fertilizer storage bin, a particle storage bin connected with the mixing bin, a sprayer, a vibration mechanism, a power adding plate, a screen, a discharging pipe, a screening electric plate, a fertilizer recycling mechanism, a discharging pipe and a layered electric plate; the fertilizer storage bin is used for storing granular fertilizer, and the granule storage bin is used for storing granules which are easy to be charged; the sprayer, the vibration mechanism and the charging plate are connected with the mixing bin, the sprayer is used for spraying the viscous agent into the mixing bin, the vibration mechanism controls the mixing bin to vibrate, and the charging plate controls the mixing bin wall to provide net charges; the screen is arranged in the mixing bin, the discharging pipe is connected with the lower part of the mixing bin, and a screen port is formed in the side wall of the discharging pipe; the material sieving electric plate is connected with the side wall of the blanking pipe, and the position of the material sieving electric plate is not lower than the lowest end of the material sieving port; the discharging pipe is connected with the material sieving port, a discharging port is arranged on the discharging pipe, the discharging port and the layered electric plate are both connected with the exciting disc, and the net charges on the layered electric plate are the same as the net charges provided by the electric plate in electrical property.

2. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chemical fertilizer recovery mechanism is including setting up the delivery track that retrieves the storehouse, is connected with retrieving the conveyer belt group, circulation box and is connected with the circulation box in unloading pipe below, conveyer belt group is used for carrying the chemical fertilizer in retrieving the storehouse to the circulation box in, and the delivery track removal can be followed to the delivery box, the delivery track is including setting up the type of falling U track in chemical fertilizer storage storehouse top, and the transmission track is used for controlling the circulation box and is locating opening down and carry the chemical fertilizer to the circulation box in the time opening up in the conveyer belt group.

3. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inserting mechanism comprises a motor I, a rotating disc and a screw rod, wherein the rotating disc is connected with the shaft of the motor I, the hollow tube is arranged to be a hose, the rotating disc is in threaded contact with the screw rod, the rotating disc is used for controlling the screw rod to move, and the screw rod is connected with the air needle.

4. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the air needle rotating device is characterized by further comprising a rotating mechanism connected with the air needle and the hollow tube, wherein the rotating mechanism comprises a gear, a motor II and a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the gear to intermittently rotate 180 degrees when the air needle is inserted into soil and the air pump is used for injecting air, so that the air needle is controlled to rotate 180 degrees.

5. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the vibrating mechanism comprises a vibrating motor, a vibrating piece connected with a shaft of the vibrating motor and an elastic part connected with the mixing bin, and the vibrating piece is intermittently contacted with the mixing bin when rotating.

6. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the water spraying device is connected with the shell and used for spraying water below the vibration excitation disc.

7. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the connecting rod runs through the excitation dish, the excitation dish sets up to the steel material, the layering electroplax is used for exerting voltage to the excitation dish at the excitation dish during operation, microwave generator is used for launching the microwave under the connecting rod.

8. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and the excitation disc is provided with a vent hole.

9. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the adhesive sprayed by the sprayer is pectin.

10. A soil loosening and layered fertilization integrated device as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the gas stored in the air pump is high-pressure oxygen.