CN112133865A - Explosion-proof valve, battery package and vehicle - Google Patents
Explosion-proof valve, battery package and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112133865A CN112133865A CN202010899570.4A CN202010899570A CN112133865A CN 112133865 A CN112133865 A CN 112133865A CN 202010899570 A CN202010899570 A CN 202010899570A CN 112133865 A CN112133865 A CN 112133865A
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- explosion
- proof valve
- battery pack
- sealing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The utility model relates to an explosion-proof valve, battery package and vehicle, this explosion-proof valve includes explosion-proof valve body and pressure relief structure, is formed with the first exhaust passage on the explosion-proof valve body, is formed with the second exhaust passage that is used for with the inside intercommunication of battery package body on the pressure relief structure, and the pressure relief structure movably connects in the explosion-proof valve body so that the first exhaust passage can communicate with the inside of battery package body selectively; under the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing is less than pressure threshold's first operating mode, the first exhaust passage of pressure relief structure shutoff, inside second exhaust passage and external atmosphere intercommunication of battery package casing, under the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing is greater than or equal to pressure threshold's second operating mode, pressure relief structure moves towards the direction of keeping away from first exhaust passage under the inside atmospheric pressure effect of battery package casing, so that inside first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage of battery package casing and external atmosphere intercommunication, this explosion-proof valve good reliability and factor of safety are high.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an explosion-proof valve, a battery pack and a vehicle.
Background
The modern automobile industry is revolutionarily changing, namely, the traditional fuel automobile is gradually replaced by a new energy automobile, wherein a pure electric automobile is rising as one of the new energy automobiles, a plurality of transmission fuel automobile platforms directly replace an engine structure with a power battery pack structure, an automobile power source is replaced by a fuel oil battery, and with the decrease of new energy subsidies, the design of a low-cost battery pack becomes the key point of research and development design of various large battery factories, but the safety of the battery pack must be put on the first place on the premise of low cost, and the safety design of a 811 system battery pack becomes one of the hot spots of current new energy research.
Under the condition that the battery pack is out of control due to heat, a large amount of gas generated inside the battery pack shell needs to be discharged to the outside, and the existing explosion-proof valve is poor in reliability, cannot timely and effectively discharge the gas inside the battery pack shell and is poor in safety performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an explosion-proof valve, battery package and vehicle, this explosion-proof valve reliability is strong and the security performance is high.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an explosion-proof valve for being disposed in a battery pack case to exhaust the inside of the battery pack case, the explosion-proof valve including an explosion-proof valve body having a first exhaust passage formed thereon and a pressure relief structure having a second exhaust passage formed thereon for communicating with the inside of the battery pack case, the pressure relief structure being movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body to enable the first exhaust passage to selectively communicate with the inside of the battery pack case; under the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing is less than pressure threshold's first operating mode, the shutoff of pressure relief structure first exhaust passage, inside passing through of battery package casing second exhaust passage and external atmosphere intercommunication under the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing is greater than or equal to pressure threshold's second operating mode, pressure relief structure is in keep away from under the inside atmospheric pressure effect of battery package casing first exhaust passage's direction motion, so that inside passing through of battery package casing first exhaust passage with second exhaust passage with external atmosphere intercommunication.
Optionally, the pressure relief structure is movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body along an axial direction of the first exhaust channel, the explosion-proof valve body includes a first annular structure and a second annular structure located in the first annular structure, the inner surface of the first annular structure and the outer surface of the second annular structure are arranged at intervals and jointly define the first exhaust channel, the pressure relief structure includes a guide rod and an annular valve plate connected with the outer peripheral surface of the guide rod, the second annular structure is sleeved on the guide rod, the annular valve plate is located between the first annular structure and the second annular structure, and the second exhaust channel is formed in the guide rod; under the first working condition, the annular valve plate blocks the first exhaust channel; under the second working condition, the annular valve plate moves towards the direction far away from the first exhaust channel under the action of air pressure inside the battery pack shell.
Optionally, a first sealing structure and a second sealing structure are respectively arranged on the annular valve plate and the first annular structure, at least one of the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure has elasticity, and one of the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure is configured as a sealing clamping block, and the other one of the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure is configured as a sealing clamping groove; under the first working condition, the sealing clamping block is clamped with the sealing clamping groove; and under the second working condition, the sealing clamping block is separated from the sealing clamping groove.
Optionally, the pressure relief structure further comprises an elastic part, one end of the elastic part is connected with the explosion-proof valve body, the other end of the elastic part is connected with the guide rod, and the elastic part is used for applying an elastic force to the guide rod, wherein the elastic force is opposite to the flowing direction of the gas in the second exhaust channel.
Optionally, the first sealing structure has elasticity and is a plurality of sealing fixture blocks, the sealing fixture blocks are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular valve plate, and the second sealing structure is a plurality of sealing fixture grooves;
under the second working condition, the sealing fixture block passes through the first exhaust channel and is elastically expanded so as to be abutted against the end face of the first annular structure.
Optionally, an exhaust hole is formed in the guide rod and communicated with the second exhaust channel, under the first working condition, the exhaust hole is located in the second annular structure, and under the second working condition, the exhaust hole is located outside the second annular structure.
Optionally, be provided with the drier in the second exhaust passage, the inlet end of second exhaust passage is provided with the drier protective cover, the drier protective cover connect in the guide bar, the drier protective cover is formed with the via hole that the air feed passed through, the end of giving vent to anger of second exhaust passage is provided with the ventilated membrane.
Optionally, the explosion-proof valve further comprises a housing, the housing covers the explosion-proof valve body and the pressure relief structure, one end of the housing is formed into an open end, the open end is used for communicating with the inside of the battery housing, and a through hole for exhausting air from the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel is formed in the housing.
In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a battery pack is provided, where the battery pack includes a battery pack housing and the explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof opening is formed on the battery pack housing, the explosion-proof valve is detachably mounted at the explosion-proof opening, and a fire retardant structure is formed on the battery pack housing.
In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided that includes the battery pack.
In the technical scheme, the pressure relief structure is movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body and can enable the first exhaust channel to be selectively communicated with the interior of the battery shell. Under a first working condition that the air pressure in the battery pack shell is smaller than a pressure threshold value, a second exhaust channel formed on the pressure relief structure can exhaust gas in the battery pack shell, can balance pressure difference generated by altitude or temperature alternation of the battery pack, avoids the battery pack shell from being broken, and improves the safety performance of the battery pack; under the second operating mode that the atmospheric pressure of the inside battery package casing is greater than or equal to pressure threshold, pressure release structure moves towards the direction of keeping away from first exhaust passage under the atmospheric pressure effect of battery package casing to make inside first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage of battery package casing and external atmosphere intercommunication. In other words, under the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing is greater than or equal to pressure threshold's second operating mode, this explosion-proof valve of disclosure can be discharged through two exhaust paths of first exhaust passage and second exhaust passage, avoids blockking up or the not enough scheduling problem of discharge capacity because of the exhaust path is single, and factor of safety is higher when the strong reliability.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 and 2 are schematic views showing the overall structure of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the explosion-proof valve of fig. 1 and 2 is at different angles of arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 and 5 are schematic structural views of a pressure relief structure of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the pressure relief structure of fig. 4 and 5 is at different angles of arrangement;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an explosion proof valve body of an explosion proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 7 and 8 are schematic structural views of a housing of an explosion vent according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the housing of FIGS. 7 and 8 is at different angles of disposition;
fig. 9 and 10 are schematic structural views of a desiccant protecting cover of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the desiccant protecting cover of fig. 9 and 10 is at different angles of arrangement;
fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the pressure relief structure is in a state of blocking the first exhaust passage, and the sealing clip is clipped to the sealing clip groove, wherein an arrow indicates a flow direction of gas;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, with the pressure relief structure in a state of opening the first exhaust passage, and the sealing block abutting against an end face of the first annular structure, wherein the arrows indicate the flow direction of the gas;
fig. 13 is a partial structural schematic view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a battery pack case, an explosion vent on the battery pack case, and an explosion proof valve are shown with the explosion proof valve in an uninstalled state;
fig. 14 is a partial structural schematic view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a battery pack case and an explosion-proof valve are shown, and the explosion-proof valve is in an installed state.
Description of the reference numerals
1 first exhaust passage of explosion-proof valve body 11
12 first annular structure 121 and second seal structure
122 mounting hole 13 second annular structure
14 support frame
2 pressure relief structure
21 second exhaust channel 22 guide rod
221 exhaust hole 23 annular valve plate
231 first seal structure 24 elastomeric member
3 drier 4 drier protecting cover
41 via hole 5 breathable film
10 casing 101 through hole
1011 first through hole 1012 second through hole
Explosion-proof port of 100 battery pack shell 1001
1002 rivet nut 1003 fire relief hole
1000 sealing strip
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, terms of orientation such as "inner and outer" are used to refer to the inner and outer of the specific structural outline, and terms such as "first and second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another, and are not sequential or important.
As shown in fig. 1 to 14, the present disclosure provides an explosion-proof valve for being provided to a battery pack case 100 to exhaust the inside of the battery pack case 100. The explosion-proof valve comprises an explosion-proof valve body 1 and a pressure relief structure 2, wherein a first exhaust channel 11 is formed on the explosion-proof valve body 1, a second exhaust channel 21 used for being communicated with the inside of the battery pack shell 100 is formed on the pressure relief structure 2, and the pressure relief structure 2 is movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body 1 so that the first exhaust channel 11 can be selectively communicated with the inside of the battery pack shell 100. Under the first operating mode that the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing 100 is less than pressure threshold, pressure relief structure 2 shutoff first exhaust passage 11, inside second exhaust passage 21 and the external atmosphere intercommunication of passing through of battery package casing 100, under the second operating mode that the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing 100 is greater than or equal to pressure threshold, pressure relief structure 2 moves towards the direction of keeping away from first exhaust passage 11 under the inside atmospheric pressure effect of battery package casing 100 to make inside first exhaust passage 11 and the second exhaust passage 21 and the external atmosphere intercommunication of passing through of battery package casing 100.
In the above technical solution, the pressure relief structure 2 is movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body 1, and the pressure relief structure 2 enables the first exhaust channel 11 to selectively communicate with the inside of the battery pack case 100. Under a first working condition that the air pressure in the battery pack shell 100 is smaller than a pressure threshold value, the second exhaust channel 21 formed on the pressure relief structure 2 can exhaust the gas in the battery pack shell 100, can balance the pressure difference generated by the battery pack due to altitude or temperature alternation, avoids the battery pack shell 100 from being broken, and improves the safety performance of the battery pack; under the second working condition that the air pressure inside the battery pack case 100 is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold, the pressure relief structure 2 moves towards the direction away from the first exhaust channel 11 under the action of the air pressure of the battery pack case 100, so that the inside of the battery pack case 100 is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the first exhaust channel 11 and the second exhaust channel 21. That is to say, under the second operating mode that the inside atmospheric pressure of battery package casing 100 is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold value, the explosion-proof valve of this disclosure can be discharged through two exhaust paths of first exhaust passage 11 and second exhaust passage 21, avoids because of the jam that the exhaust path is single and lead to or the displacement is not enough scheduling problem, and factor of safety is higher when the strong reliability.
In a specific application scenario, the first working condition that the air pressure inside the battery pack housing 100 is smaller than the pressure threshold may be that the battery pack is in a normal working state without thermal runaway; the second operating condition that the air pressure inside the battery pack housing 100 is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold may be that the battery pack is in a thermal runaway state.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, the pressure relief structure 2 is movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body 1 along the axial direction of the first exhaust passage 11, and the explosion-proof valve body 1 may include a first annular structure 12 and a second annular structure 13 located inside the first annular structure 12. The inner surface of the first annular structure 12 is spaced from the outer surface of the second annular structure 13 and together define the first exhaust gas passage 11. The pressure relief structure 2 includes a guide rod 22 and an annular valve sheet 23 connected to an outer circumferential surface of the guide rod 22. The second annular structure 13 is sleeved on the guide rod 22, the annular valve plate 23 is located between the first annular structure 12 and the second annular structure 13, and the second exhaust channel 21 is formed in the guide rod 22.
Under a first working condition, the annular valve plate 23 blocks the first exhaust channel 11; the gas inside the battery pack case 100 is exhausted through the second exhaust passage 21 in the guide rod 22; under the second condition, the annular valve plate 23 moves towards the direction away from the first exhaust channel 11 under the action of the air pressure inside the battery pack housing 100 to release the above-mentioned blocking state of the first exhaust channel 11, and the gas inside the battery pack housing 100 is exhausted through the second exhaust channel 21 and the first exhaust channel 11, so that the exhaust requirement in a high-pressure state inside the battery pack housing 100 is ensured. The matching relation between the explosion-proof valve body 1 and the pressure relief structure 2 is simple in structural design and low in manufacturing cost while meeting the exhaust requirements under different working conditions. Of course, the shape and structure of the explosion-proof valve body 1 and the pressure relief structure 2 are not limited in the present disclosure, and any appropriate shape and structure may be configured on the premise of meeting different exhaust requirements under different working conditions, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
As for the specific structure of the pressure relief structure 2, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the annular valve plate 2 may be configured as an umbrella structure with an opening formed in the middle, and the guide rod 22 may be configured as a tubular structure with two open ends and a through middle, wherein one open end of the tubular structure passes through the second annular structure 13 to be connected with the annular valve plate 2. In a specific connection mode, the outer periphery of the open end of the cylindrical structure can be connected to the inner periphery of the opening of the annular valve plate 2 in a sealing manner, or the open end of the cylindrical structure can be connected to the opening in a sealing manner through a sealing material; or the cylindrical structure and the annular valve plate 2 are integrally formed, so that the overall reliability of the pressure relief structure 2 is improved.
As for the specific structure of the explosion-proof valve body 1, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the first annular structure 12 and the second annular structure 13 are connected by the support frames 14 disposed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the two annular structures. Firstly, this support frame 14 can guarantee the stability of being connected between first cyclic annular structure 12 and the second cyclic annular structure 13, and secondly, a plurality of support frames 14 are along circumference interval setting, then can have certain space between two liang of adjacent support frames 14, can also guarantee the connectivity of first exhaust passage 11 when guaranteeing that both connect stably.
Alternatively, the explosion-proof valve body 1 may be formed by an injection molding process.
In other embodiments, the pressure relief structure may also be rotatably disposed at an end portion of the first exhaust passage (not shown), the explosion-proof valve body includes a first annular structure and a second annular structure located in the first annular structure, an inner surface of the first annular structure and an outer surface of the second annular structure are spaced apart from each other and jointly define the first exhaust passage, the pressure relief structure includes a mounting sleeve with two open ends and a middle through, and an annular valve plate rotatably disposed at an end portion of the mounting sleeve, an inner space of the mounting sleeve is configured as the second exhaust passage, and an opening is formed in the annular valve plate and is communicated with the open end of the mounting sleeve. Under the first working condition, the annular valve plate blocks the first exhaust channel, and gas in the battery pack shell is exhausted through the opening; under foretell second operating mode, the direction rotation of annular valve block orientation far away from first exhaust passage under the inside atmospheric pressure effect of battery package casing is in order to open with exhaust passage to make the inside gas of battery package casing carry out the exhaust through first exhaust passage and second exhaust passage.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 6, the annular valve plate 23 and the first annular structure 12 are respectively provided with a first sealing structure 231 and a second sealing structure 121, at least one of the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 has elasticity, and one of the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 is configured as a sealing clamping block, and the other one is configured as a sealing clamping groove; under a first working condition, the sealing clamping block is clamped with the sealing clamping groove; and under the second working condition, the sealing clamping block is separated from the sealing clamping groove. The sealing performance of the first exhaust passage 11 under the first operating condition can be ensured by providing the first sealing structure 22 and the second sealing structure 12; in addition, the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 can be separated from each other under the second working condition, and the sealing relationship between the two is released, that is, the blocked first exhaust channel 11 is conducted, so that the gas in the battery pack case 100 is exhausted through the first exhaust channel 11 and the second exhaust channel 21, and the requirement of exhausting is ensured. It should be noted that at least one of the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 has elasticity, and by providing at least one of the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 with elasticity, the sealing structure made of an elastic material is more easily deformed by the gas inside the battery pack case 100, so that the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 are separated.
The first and second sealing structures 231 and 121 are not limited to the above-mentioned fitting structures of the sealing retainers and the sealing retainers, and may be configured in any suitable shape and structure, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
More specifically, referring to fig. 2, the pressure relief structure 2 may further include an elastic element 24, one end of the elastic element 24 is connected to the explosion-proof valve body 1, and the other end of the elastic element 24 is connected to the guide rod 22, and the elastic element 24 is configured to apply an elastic force to the guide rod 22, which is opposite to the flow direction a of the gas in the second exhaust channel 21, so that the first sealing structure 231 on the annular valve sheet 23 can be tightly fitted on the second sealing structure 121 of the first annular structure 12, and the sealing performance of the annular valve sheet 23 on the first exhaust channel 11 is improved; in addition, the magnitude of the pressure threshold can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the elastic member 24. For example, in the case where the elastic coefficient of the elastic member 24 is larger, the pressure threshold value inside the battery pack case 100 needs to be set larger; the smaller the spring constant of the spring 24, the smaller the pressure threshold value inside the battery pack case 100 needs to be set.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the elastic member 24 may be configured as a compression spring, the compression spring is sleeved on the guide rod 22, one end of the guide rod 22 passes through one side of the second annular structure 13 and is provided with the annular valve plate 23, one end of the compression spring is used for abutting against the other side of the second annular structure 13, and the other end of the compression spring is used for abutting against one end of the guide rod 22 far away from the annular valve plate 23; the compression spring is in a compressed state to apply an elastic force to the guide rod 22 opposite to the flow direction a of the gas in the second exhaust passage 21, that is, the elastic force enables the first seal structure 231 and the second seal structure 121 to be closely fitted.
The elastic member 24 is not limited to the above-mentioned compression spring, and may be constructed in a suitable elastic structure, for example, an elastic metal sheet, an elastic block, etc., which the present disclosure does not limit.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, the first sealing structure 231 has elasticity, the first sealing structure 231 is a plurality of sealing blocks, the plurality of sealing blocks are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular valve plate 23, and the second sealing structure 121 is a plurality of sealing slots; in the second operating condition, the sealing block passes through the first exhaust passage 11 and elastically expands to abut against the end face of the first annular structure 12.
Under a first working condition, the plurality of sealing clamping blocks are clamped in the plurality of sealing clamping grooves, so that the sealing performance of the first exhaust channel 11 is ensured; under the second working condition, when the pressure of the gas in the battery pack housing 100 is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold, the annular valve plate 23 moves axially along the first exhaust channel 11 under the action of the high-pressure gas, so that the sealing clamping block on the annular valve plate 23 is separated from the sealing clamping groove on the inner wall of the first annular structure 12, and after the sealing clamping block and the sealing clamping groove are separated, even if the annular valve plate 23 is not separated from the first exhaust channel 11, a gap will exist between the annular valve plate 23 and the first annular structure 12, and the gas in the battery pack housing 100 can be exhausted through the gap and the second exhaust channel 21.
When the annular valve plate 23 continuously moves along the axial direction of the first exhaust channel 11 under the action of the gas inside the battery pack housing 100 until the annular valve plate 23 penetrates out of the first exhaust channel 11, in this case, the sealing blocks on the annular valve plate 23 abut against the end surface of the first annular structure 12, the elastic member 24 is used for applying an elastic force to the guide rod 22, wherein the elastic force is opposite to the flowing direction a of the gas in the second exhaust channel 21, the guide rod 22 is connected with the annular valve plate 23, the elastic force enables the sealing blocks on the annular valve plate 23 to be tightly attached to the end surface of the first annular structure 12, and a plurality of sealing blocks are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular valve plate 23, a certain exhaust space can be reserved between every two adjacent sealing blocks, and the gas in the first exhaust channel 11 can be exhausted through the exhaust space. After the sealing fixture block on the annular valve plate 23 abuts against the end face of the first annular structure 12, the annular valve plate 23 does not reset to the state of sealing the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 under the action of the elastic member 24, so that the ventilation capacity under the second working condition is further increased, the reliability is higher, and the safety performance is higher.
In other embodiments, the annular valve plate 23 may have elasticity as a whole, and in the second operating condition, the annular valve plate 23 is deformed by the gas in the battery pack case 100, so that the first sealing structure 231 and the second sealing structure 121 are more easily separated. In addition, in the process that the elastic annular valve plate 23 moves along the axial direction of the first exhaust channel 11, the annular valve plate 23 may deform structurally, so that a larger gap may exist between the annular valve plate 23 and the first annular structure 12, which is more beneficial to exhaust the gas in the battery case 100. In summary, if the first and second sealing structures 231 and 121 fail to seal, a gap problem occurs, and a gas discharge occurs.
Further, this have elastic annular valve piece 23's radial dimension can be greater than first annular structure 12's radial dimension, then break away from the back in annular valve piece 23 follow first exhaust passage 11, annular valve piece 23 then can expand and cover first annular structure 12's terminal surface completely under self elastic effect, annular valve piece 23 is provided with a plurality of sealed fixture blocks along its outer fringe circumference interval, then the sealed fixture block of annular valve piece 23 after expanding then can the overlap joint form the butt relation on first annular structure 12's terminal surface, avoid pressure relief structure 2 to kick-back under elastic component 24's effect.
In addition, it should be noted that the thickness of the sealing clamping block determines the size of the exhaust space between every two adjacent sealing clamping blocks, and when the thickness of the sealing clamping block is set to be larger, the exhaust space between every two adjacent sealing clamping blocks is larger, which is more beneficial to the exhaust of gas.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, 11 and 12, the guide rod 22 is formed with a discharge hole 221, and the discharge hole 221 communicates with the second discharge passage 21. In the first operating condition, the exhaust hole 221 is located inside the second annular structure 13, and in the second operating condition, the exhaust hole 221 is located outside the second annular structure. In the first operating condition, referring to the exhaust path (indicated by arrows) shown in fig. 11, part of the gas in the battery pack case 100 passes through the gap between the second ring structure 13 and the guide rod 22 and enters the guide rod 22 from the outside to the inside through the exhaust hole 221; another portion of the gas within the package housing 100 flows through one open end of the guide rod 22 to the other open end. In the second operating condition, referring to the exhaust path (shown by the arrow) shown in fig. 12, part of the gas in the battery pack case 100 moves to the other open end through one open end of the guide rod 22, and is exhausted by dividing into two paths when reaching the position of the exhaust hole 221, and one part of the gas is exhausted out of the guide rod 22 through the exhaust hole 221, and the other part of the gas is exhausted out through the opening on the annular valve plate 23; another part of the gas in the battery pack case 100 is exhausted through the first exhaust passage 11. From the above, no matter under the first operating mode and the second operating mode, the exhaust hole 221 that should set up all can realize increasing carminative function, improves carminative efficiency, improves the security performance.
In addition, in the process of invention creation, the inventor of the present disclosure finds that the vehicle battery pack is very easy to generate a condensation phenomenon in the south where the temperature difference is high and the humidity is high, and once the condensation phenomenon is generated in the battery pack, if the condensation phenomenon drops on a battery pack circuit, the battery pack is easy to be short-circuited and even to generate a fire and explosion situation. Therefore, in order to solve the technical problem of the discovery, the inventors of the present disclosure provide one of the following measures:
referring to fig. 3, 9 and 10, a desiccant 3 may be disposed in the second exhaust channel 21, a desiccant protecting cover 4 is disposed at an air inlet end of the second exhaust channel 21, the desiccant protecting cover 4 is connected to the guide rod 22, a through hole 41 for passing air is formed in the desiccant protecting cover 4, and a gas permeable membrane 5 is disposed at an air outlet end of the second exhaust channel 21. The drying agent 3 can effectively eliminate the condensation generated in the battery pack, so that the situation that the condensation drips on a battery pack circuit to cause the short circuit of the battery pack and even the fire and explosion is avoided, and the electrical safety of the battery pack is improved. A through hole 41 for the gas to pass through is formed on the desiccant protective cover 4, so that the smoothness of the second exhaust channel 21 is ensured, and the situation that the second exhaust channel 21 is blocked due to the arrangement of the desiccant protective cover 4 is avoided; the aperture of the through hole 41 is not larger than the size of the desiccant particles, and the desiccant 3 in the guide rod 22 is prevented from being removed from the inside thereof. The breathable film 5 described above has two functions: first, the gas permeable membrane 5 can effectively prevent desiccant particles from being detached from the inside of the guide rod 22; second, the gas permeable membrane 5 prevents liquid such as external water from entering the battery pack case 100 through the second gas release passage 21 while ensuring gas permeability.
Specifically, when the desiccant protecting cover 4 is installed, an external thread may be formed at an end of the guide rod 22, an internal thread may be formed on an inner peripheral wall of the desiccant protecting cover 4, and the desiccant protecting cover 4 is covered at the end of the guide rod 22 and is engaged with the external thread and the internal thread, so that the desiccant protecting cover 4 is detachably installed on the guide rod 22, thereby facilitating periodic replacement of the desiccant 3 and improving the service life of the desiccant 3. However, the present disclosure does not limit the installation relationship between the desiccant protecting cover 4 and the guide bar 22, and the desiccant protecting cover may be connected by a bolt-nut assembly, a snap-fit assembly, or the like.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the explosion-proof valve may further include a case 10, the case 10 is covered outside the explosion-proof valve body 1 and the pressure relief structure 2, one end of the case 10 is formed as an open end for communicating with the inside of the battery pack case 100, and the case 10 is formed with a through hole 101 for exhausting air from the first exhaust passage 11 and the second exhaust passage 21. The shell 10 can protect the explosion-proof valve body 1, the pressure relief structure and the like in the shell and can ensure good air permeability; in addition, the opened through hole 101 can also play a good role in reducing weight. In terms of material selection, the housing 10 can be made of a high polymer material with a flame retardant rating of V0, so that the fire resistance of the explosion-proof valve is improved.
Specifically, the housing 10 may be configured as a cylindrical tube structure with an open end, and the open end is on the same side as the air inlet end of the first exhaust channel 11, so as to ensure that the housing 10 does not affect the first exhaust channel 11. And the through-hole 101 may include a first through-hole 1011 provided on the top wall and a second through-hole 1012 provided on the side wall. Alternatively, the first through hole 1011 may be configured as a plurality of bar hole structures. The plurality of strip hole structures comprise a plurality of strip hole groups circumferentially arranged around the top wall, each strip hole group comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned first through holes 1011 extending from the top wall from inside to outside and gradually increasing in size; the second through-hole 1012 may extend along a circumferential direction of the sidewall of the housing 10. In the second condition, the second through holes 1012 may increase the amount of ventilation of the housing 10.
In one embodiment, the inner side wall of the housing 10 configured as an open-ended cylindrical barrel structure is provided with an internal thread, and the outer side wall of the explosion-proof valve body 1 is provided with an external thread. When the explosion-proof valve is installed, the cylindrical barrel structure is sleeved on the explosion-proof valve body 1 so that the external threads and the internal threads are matched with each other, and fastening installation is achieved. Of course, the disclosure does not limit the specific connection relationship between the housing 10 and the explosion-proof valve body 1, and the mounting connection may also be performed by a clamping connection or the like.
In the second aspect of this disclosure, still provide a battery package, this battery package includes battery package casing 100 and foretell explosion-proof valve, is formed with explosion-proof mouth 1001 on the battery package casing 100, and explosion-proof valve detachably installs in explosion-proof mouth 1001 department, is formed with back-fire relief structure on the battery package casing, and in the time of the convenient to detach installation, this back-fire relief structure can also be when the battery package takes place thermal runaway, makes the flame in the battery package cool off and move in the battery package, improves the back-fire relief function and the security of battery package.
Specifically, the inventor of the present disclosure has also found that the conventional explosion-proof valve is mounted on the upper casing or the lower casing of the battery pack, and when the explosion-proof valve is disassembled, the battery pack needs to be disassembled from the whole vehicle, and then the upper casing and the lower casing of the battery pack are opened, and finally the explosion-proof valve can be disassembled from the casing, so that the disassembly is inconvenient and the after-sale maintenance is inconvenient.
In order to solve this problem, in the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, a plurality of blind rivet nuts 1002 are provided on the outer periphery of an explosion vent 1001 of a battery pack case 100, and the blind rivet nuts 1002 may be hermetically attached to the battery pack case 100 by a sealant. A plurality of mounting holes 122 are formed in the circumferential direction of the first ring-shaped structure 12 of the explosion proof valve body 1, and a plurality of bolts (not shown) are inserted through the plurality of mounting holes 122 of the explosion proof valve body 1 to be connected to the blind rivet nuts 1002 of the battery pack case 100, thereby mounting the explosion proof valve on the battery pack case 100. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the matching between the outer wall of the battery pack shell 100 and the end face of the explosion-proof valve body 1, a sealing strip 1000 can be arranged on the outer wall of the battery pack shell 100, so that the cost is saved while the sealing performance is improved.
The matching mode of the rivet nut 1002 and the bolt can avoid the situation that the battery pack shell 100 is opened to realize installation, namely the battery pack shell 100 can be installed from the outside, the installation and disassembly mode is simple, and meanwhile, after-sale maintenance is facilitated.
In addition, the inventors of the present disclosure have creatively found that a plurality of densely arranged fire relief holes 1003 are opened in the battery pack case 100, and optionally, the diameter of the fire relief holes 1003 may be between 1mm and 2 mm. The plurality of fire blocking holes 1003 are constructed in a fire blocking net structure, and the fire blocking net formed by the plurality of fire blocking holes 1003 can cool flame generated when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack. The specific principle is as follows: in the process that the inside flame of battery package moved in battery package casing 100, especially flame when this back-fire relief network structure that constitutes by back-fire relief hole 1003 is being passed through to flame, the velocity of motion of flame can reduce to with its energy transfer for this back-fire relief network structure, at the continuous motion in-process of flame, play cooling and energy absorption's effect, can play the effect of back-fire relief to a certain extent.
In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the battery pack described above.
It should be noted that the explosion-proof valve of the present disclosure is not limited to the battery pack, and may be applied to any suitable energy storage device or apparatus structure requiring air discharge, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An explosion-proof valve, which is used for being arranged in a battery pack case (100) to exhaust the interior of the battery pack case (100), and is characterized in that the explosion-proof valve comprises an explosion-proof valve body (1) and a pressure relief structure (2), wherein a first exhaust channel (11) is formed on the explosion-proof valve body (1), a second exhaust channel (21) for communicating with the interior of the battery pack case (100) is formed on the pressure relief structure (2), and the pressure relief structure (2) is movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body (1) so that the first exhaust channel (11) can be selectively communicated with the interior of the battery pack case (100);
under a first working condition that the air pressure in the battery pack shell (100) is smaller than a pressure threshold value, the pressure relief structure (2) blocks the first exhaust channel (11), and the interior of the battery pack shell (100) is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the second exhaust channel (21); under the second operating mode that the atmospheric pressure of battery package casing (100) inside is greater than or equal to pressure threshold value, pressure release structure (2) are in the inside atmospheric pressure effect of battery package casing (100) is down the orientation is kept away from the direction motion of first exhaust passage (11), so that battery package casing (100) inside is through first exhaust passage (11) with second exhaust passage (21) with external atmosphere intercommunication.
2. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief structure (2) is movably connected to the explosion-proof valve body (1) along an axial direction of the first exhaust channel (11), the explosion-proof valve body (1) comprises a first annular structure (12) and a second annular structure (13) located in the first annular structure (12), the inner surface of the first annular structure (12) and the outer surface of the second annular structure (13) are arranged at intervals and jointly define the first exhaust channel (11), the pressure relief structure (2) comprises a guide rod (22) and an annular valve sheet (23) connected with an outer circumferential surface of the guide rod (22), the second annular structure (13) is sleeved on the guide rod (22), and the annular valve sheet (23) is located between the first annular structure (12) and the second annular structure (13), the second exhaust passage (21) is formed in the guide rod (22);
under the first working condition, the annular valve plate (23) blocks the first exhaust channel (11); under the second working condition, the annular valve plate (23) moves towards the direction far away from the first exhaust channel (11) under the action of air pressure inside the battery pack shell (100).
3. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 2, wherein a first sealing structure (231) and a second sealing structure (121) are respectively arranged on the annular valve plate (23) and the first annular structure (12), at least one of the first sealing structure (231) and the second sealing structure (121) has elasticity, and one of the first sealing structure (231) and the second sealing structure (121) is configured as a sealing clamping block, and the other one is configured as a sealing clamping groove; under the first working condition, the sealing clamping block is clamped with the sealing clamping groove; and under the second working condition, the sealing clamping block is separated from the sealing clamping groove.
4. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 3, wherein the pressure relief structure (2) further comprises an elastic member (24), one end of the elastic member (24) is connected with the explosion-proof valve body (1) and the other end is connected with the guide rod (22), and the elastic member (24) is used for applying an elastic force to the guide rod (22) opposite to the flowing direction (A) of the gas in the second exhaust passage (21).
5. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 4, wherein the first sealing structure (231) has elasticity and the first sealing structure (231) is a plurality of sealing blocks which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular valve plate (23), and the second sealing structure (121) is a plurality of sealing grooves; and under the second working condition, the sealing fixture block passes through the first exhaust channel (11) and is elastically expanded so as to be abutted against the end face of the first annular structure (12).
6. Explosion-proof valve according to any of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the guide rod (22) is formed with an exhaust hole (221), the exhaust hole (221) communicating with the second exhaust channel (21), the exhaust hole (221) being located inside the second annular structure (13) in the first operating condition, the exhaust hole (221) being located outside the second annular structure (13) in the second operating condition.
7. The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a desiccant (3) is disposed in the second exhaust channel (21), a desiccant protective cover (4) is disposed at the air inlet end of the second exhaust channel (21), the desiccant protective cover (4) is connected to the guide rod (22), a via hole (41) for passing air is formed on the desiccant protective cover (4), and an air permeable membrane (5) is disposed at the air outlet end of the second exhaust channel (21).
8. The explosion proof valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5 further comprising a housing (10), wherein the housing (10) is covered outside the explosion proof valve body (1) and the pressure relief structure (2), one end of the housing (10) is formed as an open end for communicating with the inside of the battery pack housing (100), and the housing (10) is formed with a through hole (101) for exhausting air from the first exhaust passage (11) and the second exhaust passage (21).
9. A battery pack, characterized in that, the battery pack comprises a battery pack housing (100) and the explosion-proof valve of any one of claims 1-8, the battery pack housing (100) is formed with an explosion-proof opening (1001), the explosion-proof valve is detachably mounted at the explosion-proof opening (1001), and the battery pack housing is formed with a fire retardant structure.
10. A vehicle characterized in that the vehicle comprises the battery pack according to claim 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010899570.4A CN112133865B (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Explosion-proof valve, battery package and vehicle |
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| CN202010899570.4A CN112133865B (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Explosion-proof valve, battery package and vehicle |
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| CN113906625A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-01-07 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery cell and power utilization device |
| CN113921941A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-01-11 | 东风时代(武汉)电池系统有限公司 | Thermal runaway control system and method for power battery pack |
| CN114678651A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-06-28 | 北京科易动力科技有限公司 | Explosion-proof valve and battery pack with same |
| CN114744361A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-12 | 北京科易动力科技有限公司 | Ejector pin type explosion-proof valve and battery pack with same |
| US20220238954A1 (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-07-28 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Venting Device for Secondary Batteries and Pouch-Shaped Secondary Battery Including the Same |
| WO2023088107A1 (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-05-25 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Anti-explosion valve, battery, and electric device |
| EP4195391A1 (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-14 | Stark Future, S.L. | Valve for battery |
| WO2023105109A1 (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Stark Future, S.L. | Valve for battery |
| WO2023108569A1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Exhaust device, battery cell, battery, and electrical device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20220238954A1 (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-07-28 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Venting Device for Secondary Batteries and Pouch-Shaped Secondary Battery Including the Same |
| CN113906625A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-01-07 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery cell and power utilization device |
| CN113921941A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-01-11 | 东风时代(武汉)电池系统有限公司 | Thermal runaway control system and method for power battery pack |
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| WO2023088107A1 (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-05-25 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Anti-explosion valve, battery, and electric device |
| EP4195391A1 (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-14 | Stark Future, S.L. | Valve for battery |
| WO2023105109A1 (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Stark Future, S.L. | Valve for battery |
| WO2023108569A1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Exhaust device, battery cell, battery, and electrical device |
| CN114678651A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-06-28 | 北京科易动力科技有限公司 | Explosion-proof valve and battery pack with same |
| CN114744361A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-12 | 北京科易动力科技有限公司 | Ejector pin type explosion-proof valve and battery pack with same |
| CN114678651B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2024-04-19 | 北京科易动力科技有限公司 | Explosion-proof valve and battery pack with same |
| CN114744361B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2024-04-19 | 北京科易动力科技有限公司 | Ejector pin type explosion-proof valve and battery pack with same |
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| CN112133865B (en) | 2022-05-17 |
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