CN112132314A - Point region monitoring method and system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse - Google Patents

Point region monitoring method and system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112132314A
CN112132314A CN202010831719.5A CN202010831719A CN112132314A CN 112132314 A CN112132314 A CN 112132314A CN 202010831719 A CN202010831719 A CN 202010831719A CN 112132314 A CN112132314 A CN 112132314A
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collapse
rock mass
tunnel
surrounding rock
monitoring
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李术才
杨光宇
刘洪亮
李利平
胡杰
成帅
张延欢
周申
范宏运
秦承帅
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Shandong University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20—Analysing
    • G06F18/25—Fusion techniques
    • G06F18/253—Fusion techniques of extracted features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0635—Risk analysis of enterprise or organisation activities
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/08—Construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B31/00—Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering disaster monitoring and early warning, and provides a point region monitoring method and system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse. The method comprises the steps of obtaining microseismic data of a dangerous region in which surrounding rock mass bodies in a tunnel collapse and rock mass dynamic characteristic data of dangerous mass bodies identified in the tunnel; and predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and realizing monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass.

Description

Point region monitoring method and system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering disaster monitoring and early warning, and particularly relates to a point region monitoring method and system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The collapse disaster of the surrounding rock mass of the tunnel is a local instability accident of the rock mass, which is caused by the fact that an isolated or semi-isolated structural body formed by combining an existing structural surface and an empty surface formed by excavation breaks away from the original position due to the fact that the original balance state is broken. For a long time, tunnel construction and personnel safety are seriously threatened by collapse disasters of surrounding rock blocks, equipment smashing construction period is delayed by light persons, a large number of casualties and major economic losses are caused by heavy persons, and the number of times of disaster occurrence and the number of casualties caused by the disaster all live in the front of various disasters. The collapse of the surrounding rock block body has obvious locality and paroxysmal property, the catastrophe occurrence time is short, the displacement precursor is not obvious, and the inventor finds that effective disaster-facing information is difficult to capture by the traditional stress, strain and displacement monitoring means.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a point region monitoring method and a point region monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse, which are used for realizing time and space prediction of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disaster based on fusion analysis of collapse dangerous region information and inherent frequency information of dangerous blocks in a tunnel, are beneficial to realizing tunnel engineering safety construction and avoiding tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disaster.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse.
In one or more embodiments, a point-of-site monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse, comprises:
acquiring micro-seismic data of a collapse dangerous area of a surrounding rock mass in the tunnel and rock mass dynamic characteristic data of the recognized dangerous mass in the tunnel;
and predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and realizing monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass.
A second aspect of the invention provides a point-of-site monitoring system for collapse of a mass of tunnel surrounding rock.
In one or more embodiments, a point of area monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse, comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring microseismic data of a collapse dangerous area of a surrounding rock block in the tunnel and rock mass dynamic characteristic data of a dangerous block identified in the tunnel;
and the fusion analysis module is used for predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass are realized.
In one or more embodiments, a point of area monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse, comprises:
the rock micro-seismic monitoring system is used for monitoring a collapse danger area of a rock body in the tunnel and acquiring micro-seismic data;
the system comprises a rock mass natural vibration frequency monitoring system, a rock mass dynamic characteristic data acquisition system and a data processing system, wherein the rock mass natural vibration frequency monitoring system is used for monitoring the dangerous block identified in the tunnel and acquiring rock mass dynamic characteristic data;
the block collapse disaster prediction system is used for predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock block by fusing and analyzing microseismic data and rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock block are realized.
A third aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
In one or more embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the point-of-area monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse as described above.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer apparatus.
In one or more embodiments, a computer device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps in the point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse as described above when executing the program.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can improve the reliability of identifying the disaster precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block by correlating and combining and analyzing various physical information, and solves the problem that the traditional monitoring method cannot effectively identify or accurately identify the disaster precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block.
The method can accurately identify the catastrophe precursor information of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse, and realizes effective monitoring of the catastrophe evolution state of the dangerous block in the tunnel by adopting the natural vibration frequency monitoring, thereby realizing the time early warning of the instability of the dangerous block; the method has the advantages that the effective monitoring of the catastrophe range and time of the potential block collapse danger area in the tunnel is realized by adopting micro-seismic monitoring, and further the space-time prediction of the instability of the dangerous block is realized; through correlation and combined analysis of the microseismic information and the inherent vibration frequency information, the reliability of identifying the catastrophe precursor of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse can be improved.
The point region monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse is simple in structure and reasonable in design, can effectively monitor the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disaster in real time, guarantees the safety construction of tunnel engineering, and is convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a point region monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a tunnel side view of a point-area monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1, dangerous blocks in the tunnel; 2. a dangerous area for collapse of the rock mass bodies in the tunnel; 3. tunnel surrounding rock; 4. a single component microseismic sensor; 5. a three-component microseismic sensor; 6. a microseismic data collector; 7. a microseismic data analysis processor; 8. a rock mass dynamic characteristic wireless speed sensor; 9. a rock mass dynamic characteristic wireless acceleration sensor; 10. a rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter data collector; 11. a rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter analysis processor; 12. a block collapse disaster prediction system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example one
The embodiment provides a point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and acquiring micro-seismic data of a collapse dangerous area of the surrounding rock mass in the tunnel and rock mass dynamic characteristic data of the recognized dangerous mass in the tunnel.
In a particular implementation, the microseismic data includes the energy of the microseisms, the number of microseismic events, and the location of the microseisms.
Specifically, the rock mass dynamic characteristic data is the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass.
Step 2: and predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and realizing monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass.
And judging that the surrounding rock block collapse dangerous area can be subjected to disasters when the following conditions are all met:
(a) the energy of the microseisms is larger than a preset energy threshold;
(b) the number of microseismic events exceeds a preset number threshold;
(c) the microseismic locations are concentrated in one region.
The method predicts the risk of the collapse disaster of the surrounding rock mass of the tunnel according to the change trend of the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass.
The method can accurately identify the catastrophe precursor information of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse, and effectively monitor the catastrophe evolution state of the dangerous block in the tunnel by adopting the natural vibration frequency monitoring, so as to realize the time early warning of the instability of the dangerous block; the method has the advantages that the effective monitoring of the catastrophe range and time of the potential block collapse danger area in the tunnel is realized by adopting micro-seismic monitoring, and further the space-time prediction of the instability of the dangerous block is realized; through correlation and combined analysis of the microseismic information and the inherent vibration frequency information, the reliability of identifying the catastrophe precursor of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse can be improved.
In the embodiment, the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass is matched and associated with the collapse risk of the surrounding rock mass body of the tunnel; the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risk detection method comprises the steps of obtaining a plurality of levels of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risks, and respectively corresponding to the rock mass inherent vibration frequency preset range from the development period to the catastrophe period of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disasters.
For example: the risk grades are classified into 5 grades, namely, grade I red risk, grade II orange risk, grade III yellow risk, grade IV blue risk and grade V green risk. The risk level gradually increases from level V to level I.
TABLE 1 relationship table of risk grade and natural vibration frequency of rock mass
Grade I red risk [f4～f5)
Class II orange Risk [f3～f4)
Grade III yellow risk [f2～f3)
Grade IV blue Risk [f1～f2)
Class V Green Risk [f0～f1)
Wherein f is0<f1<f2<f3<f4<f5。
Because the stress catastrophe of the rock and the structural surface can generate various physical effects, such as the abnormal changes of physical quantities such as microseisms, natural frequencies and the like, the physical quantities are correlated and ordered, the reliability of identifying the catastrophe precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block can be improved through correlation and combination analysis of various physical information, and the problem that the catastrophe precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block cannot be effectively identified or accurately identified by the traditional monitoring means is solved.
Example two
In this embodiment, a point territory monitoring system for tunnel country rock mass collapses includes:
(1) and the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the micro-seismic data of the collapse danger area of the surrounding rock mass in the tunnel and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data of the identified dangerous mass in the tunnel.
In a particular implementation, the microseismic data includes the energy of the microseisms, the number of microseismic events, and the location of the microseisms.
Specifically, the rock mass dynamic characteristic data is the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass.
(2) And the fusion analysis module is used for predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass are realized.
And judging that the surrounding rock block collapse dangerous area can be subjected to disasters when the following conditions are all met:
(a) the energy of the microseisms is larger than a preset energy threshold;
(b) the number of microseismic events exceeds a preset number threshold;
(c) the microseismic locations are concentrated in one region.
The method predicts the risk of the collapse disaster of the surrounding rock mass of the tunnel according to the change trend of the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass.
The method can accurately identify the catastrophe precursor information of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse, and effectively monitor the catastrophe evolution state of the dangerous block in the tunnel by adopting the natural vibration frequency monitoring, so as to realize the time early warning of the instability of the dangerous block; the method has the advantages that the effective monitoring of the catastrophe range and time of the potential block collapse danger area in the tunnel is realized by adopting micro-seismic monitoring, and further the space-time prediction of the instability of the dangerous block is realized; through correlation and combined analysis of the microseismic information and the inherent vibration frequency information, the reliability of identifying the catastrophe precursor of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse can be improved.
In the embodiment, the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass is matched and associated with the collapse risk of the surrounding rock mass body of the tunnel; the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risk detection method comprises the steps of obtaining a plurality of levels of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risks, and respectively corresponding to the rock mass inherent vibration frequency preset range from the development period to the catastrophe period of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disasters.
For example: the risk grades are classified into 5 grades, namely, grade I red risk, grade II orange risk, grade III yellow risk, grade IV blue risk and grade V green risk. The risk level gradually increases from level V to level I.
TABLE 1 relationship table of risk grade and natural vibration frequency of rock mass
Grade I red risk [f4～f5)
Class II orange Risk [f3～f4)
Grade III yellow risk [f2～f3)
Grade IV blue Risk [f1～f2)
Class V Green Risk [f0～f1)
Wherein f is0<f1<f2<f3<f4<f5。
Because the stress catastrophe of the rock and the structural surface can generate various physical effects, such as the abnormal changes of physical quantities such as microseisms, natural frequencies and the like, the physical quantities are correlated and ordered, the reliability of identifying the catastrophe precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block can be improved through correlation and combination analysis of various physical information, and the problem that the catastrophe precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block cannot be effectively identified or accurately identified by the traditional monitoring means is solved.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a point area monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse, which includes:
(1) the rock mass micro-seismic monitoring system is used for monitoring the collapse danger area of the surrounding rock mass body in the tunnel and acquiring micro-seismic data.
Specifically, the rock mass microseismic monitoring system comprises a microseismic sensor, a microseismic data collector 6 and a microseismic data analysis processor 7. Wherein, the microseismic sensor is responsible for collecting microseismic signals. In specific implementation, the microseismic sensors comprise a single-component microseismic sensor 4 and a three-component microseismic sensor 5, and are used for acquiring microseismic signals generated by rock mass fracture. The microseismic data includes the energy of the microseisms, the number of microseismic events, and the microseismic location.
The microseismic data acquisition unit is responsible for converting the analog electric signals from the microseismic sensor into digital signals, and the microseismic data analysis processor is used for: effective information of rock mass fracture is identified, interference information from other aspects such as tunnel construction is eliminated, and information such as the position and the magnitude of the seismic level of the collected microseismic event is analyzed and interpreted. Wherein the microseismic event is the information collected by the microseismic sensor.
And judging that the surrounding rock block collapse dangerous area can be subjected to disasters when the following conditions are all met:
(a) the energy of the microseisms is larger than a preset energy threshold;
(b) the number of microseismic events exceeds a preset number threshold;
(c) the microseismic locations are concentrated in one region.
(2) And the rock mass natural vibration frequency monitoring system is used for monitoring the dangerous block bodies identified in the tunnel and acquiring rock mass dynamic characteristic data.
Specifically, the rock mass natural vibration frequency monitoring system comprises a rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter sensor, a rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter data collector 10 and a rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter analysis processor 11.
The rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter sensor comprises a wireless speed sensor 8 and a wireless acceleration sensor 9 and is used for acquiring dynamic characteristic parameters such as rock mass speed and acceleration.
The rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter analysis processor 11 can analyze the change rule of the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass based on dynamic characteristic parameters such as the speed, the acceleration and the like of the rock mass.
The method predicts the risk of the collapse disaster of the surrounding rock mass of the tunnel according to the change trend of the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass.
(3) The block collapse disaster prediction system is used for predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock block by fusing and analyzing microseismic data and rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock block are realized.
The method can accurately identify the catastrophe precursor information of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse, and effectively monitor the catastrophe evolution state of the dangerous block in the tunnel by adopting the natural vibration frequency monitoring, so as to realize the time early warning of the instability of the dangerous block; the method has the advantages that the effective monitoring of the catastrophe range and time of the potential block collapse danger area in the tunnel is realized by adopting micro-seismic monitoring, and further the space-time prediction of the instability of the dangerous block is realized; through correlation and combined analysis of the microseismic information and the inherent vibration frequency information, the reliability of identifying the catastrophe precursor of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse can be improved.
In the embodiment, the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass is matched and associated with the collapse risk of the surrounding rock mass body of the tunnel; the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risk detection method comprises the steps of obtaining a plurality of levels of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risks, and respectively corresponding to the rock mass inherent vibration frequency preset range from the development period to the catastrophe period of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disasters.
The block collapse disaster prediction system 12 predicts the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock block by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and divides the risk level into 5 levels, namely, a red risk level I, a orange risk level II, a yellow risk level III, a blue risk level IV and a green risk level V.
The disaster of block collapse is divided into four stages of a calm stage, an expansion stage, a cataclysm stage and a later stage of cataclysm, when the disaster gradually progresses from the expansion stage to the cataclysm stage, the risk level is continuously improved at the moment, and the risk level is sequentially increased from the V-level risk to the I-level risk.
For example: the risk grades are classified into 5 grades, namely, grade I red risk, grade II orange risk, grade III yellow risk, grade IV blue risk and grade V green risk. The risk level gradually increases from level V to level I.
TABLE 1 relationship table of risk grade and natural vibration frequency of rock mass
Grade I red risk [f4～f5)
Class II orange Risk [f3～f4)
Grade III yellow risk [f2～f3)
Grade IV blue Risk [f1～f2)
Class V Green Risk [f0～f1)
Wherein f is0<f1<f2<f3<f4<f5。
Because the stress catastrophe of the rock and the structural surface can generate various physical effects, such as the abnormal changes of physical quantities such as microseisms, natural frequencies and the like, the physical quantities are correlated and ordered, the reliability of identifying the catastrophe precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block can be improved through correlation and combination analysis of various physical information, and the problem that the catastrophe precursor of the collapse of the surrounding rock block cannot be effectively identified or accurately identified by the traditional monitoring means is solved.
A point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse comprises the following steps:
A. according to the tunnel early-stage exploration drilling data, advanced geological forecast data and tunnel face construction data, dangerous surrounding rock blocks 1 uncovered by the excavated sections are identified, and areas 2 in the tunnel where surrounding rock block collapse disasters easily occur are preliminarily divided. Wherein, dangerous surrounding rock block body can adopt laser scanning and digital camera shooting collection rock mass structure information, establishes rock mass structure model based on the rock mass structure information of gathering, the dangerous block of automatic search.
Specifically, the process of searching for dangerous blocks is as follows:
respectively acquiring three-dimensional laser point cloud data and a two-dimensional image of a tunnel construction area by using three-dimensional laser scanning equipment and two-dimensional image acquisition equipment;
constructing a plane where the tunnel face is located;
selecting a trace line to generate a structural surface: selecting three-point traces, fitting a second three-dimensional plane, using half of the length of the diagonal line of the trace outer bounding box as a radius and the average coordinate of the traces as an origin, and calculating a structural plane disc;
fitting a projection surface of the trace group: fitting the projection surface of the trace group by using the same group of traces and the first two points of each trace;
judging the projection line closure of the trace group:
projecting the trace to a projection surface, judging whether the projection trace group is closed, and if so, calculating the intersecting lines of all the structural surfaces and the trace projection surface; if not, calculating whether the intersection points of the trace lines positioned on the side walls and the tunnel face are two, and if so, calculating the intersection lines of all the structural faces and the plane where the tunnel face is positioned; if not, reselecting the trace to generate a structural plane;
intersecting line texture: constructing a closed surface by adopting the intersecting lines on all the structural surfaces, the tunnel surface and the trace projection surface as the surface of the block body;
establishing an orthogonal xyz triaxial coordinate system, and calculating the axis coordinate of the tunnel according to the coordinates of each vertex of the block;
calculating the radial distance between each vertex of the block body and the axis of the tunnel, screening out a group of vertexes with the shortest radial distance as vertexes of the face, and setting the other vertexes as the vertexes in the rock mass;
screening out the vertex with the minimum z-axis value in the block vertexes, and if the vertex is in the rock mass, judging that the block is a stable block; and if the vertex is on the free surface, judging that the block has the instability risk.
In the embodiment, the trace is projected to the projection surface, whether the projection trace group is closed or not is judged, and if the projection trace group is closed, intersecting lines of all structural surfaces and the trace projection surface are calculated; if not, calculating the intersection lines of all the structural surfaces and the plane of the tunnel face; constructing a closed surface by adopting the intersecting lines on all the structural surfaces, the tunnel surface and the trace projection surface as the surface of the block body; the influence of the same group of structural surfaces in the rock mass and the limited scale of the structural surfaces are considered, so that the constructed block model is close to the actual engineering. By adopting the technical means of establishing an orthogonal xyz triaxial coordinate system and calculating the axis coordinate of the tunnel according to the coordinates of each vertex of the block, the rapid analysis basis of the stability data of the block is obtained, and the geometric stability of any polygonal pyramid can be rapidly analyzed.
B. Aiming at the identified dangerous surrounding rock block bodies 1 in the tunnel, a rock inherent vibration frequency monitoring system is arranged, a wireless speed sensor 8 and a wireless acceleration sensor 9 are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the dangerous block bodies, a rock dynamic characteristic parameter sensor is connected to a rock dynamic characteristic parameter collector 10, finally, an anchoring material rock dynamic characteristic parameter sensor is coupled with the surrounding rocks 3, and the dangerous surrounding rock block bodies 1 in the tunnel at the identified position are subjected to surrounding rock block body collapse disaster monitoring.
C. Aiming at an area 2 which is divided into a tunnel and is easy to cause collapse disasters of surrounding rock blocks, a rock micro-seismic monitoring system is arranged, three rings of micro-seismic sensors are arranged in the dangerous area, the distance between each ring is 20-40m according to the size of the dangerous area, three micro-seismic sensors are respectively arranged at the cross section of the tunnel at 0 degree, 90 degrees and 180 degrees in each ring, the arrangement depth of the sensors is 1-3m, the micro-seismic sensors are placed after a drilling machine is used for drilling, the micro-seismic sensors are connected to a micro-seismic data acquisition unit 6, and finally the sensors and the surrounding rocks 3 are coupled together through anchoring material micro-seismic, so that the collapse disasters of the surrounding rock blocks are monitored in the dangerous area 2.
D. The microseismic waveform data processing, the visualization and explanation of the microseismic event and the real-time display imaging of the microseismic event can be realized through the microseismic data analysis processor 7, and the microseismic data is transmitted to the block collapse disaster prediction system 12. Through the rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter analysis processor 11, the change of the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass is obtained based on the dynamic characteristic parameters such as the speed, the acceleration and the like of the rock mass, and the rock mass dynamic characteristic parameter data is transmitted to the block collapse disaster prediction system 12. The tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risk level is predicted by means of real-time fusion analysis of microseismic data and rock mass dynamic characteristic data through the block collapse disaster prediction system 12, the risk level is divided into 5 levels, namely, a red risk level I, a orange risk level II, a yellow risk level III, a blue risk level IV and a green risk level V, corresponding measures such as releasing disaster early warning notification, informing personnel to evacuate, and timely reinforcing the dangerous block 1 and the dangerous area 2 are taken according to the real-time prediction risk level, and the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disaster is avoided.
Example four
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in the point-of-area monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse as described above.
EXAMPLE five
The present embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse as described above.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring micro-seismic data of a collapse dangerous area of a surrounding rock mass in the tunnel and rock mass dynamic characteristic data of the recognized dangerous mass in the tunnel;
and predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and realizing monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass.
2. The point-domain monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse of claim 1, wherein the microseismic data includes microseismic energy, microseismic event number and microseismic location.
3. The point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse according to claim 2, characterized in that the disaster in the dangerous region of surrounding rock mass collapse is judged when the following conditions are all satisfied:
(a) the energy of the microseisms is larger than a preset energy threshold;
(b) the number of microseismic events exceeds a preset number threshold;
(c) the microseismic locations are concentrated in one region.
4. The point region monitoring method for tunnel surrounding rock mass collapse according to claim 1, wherein the rock mass dynamic characteristic data is the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass.
5. The point region monitoring method for the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass body as claimed in claim 4, wherein the risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass body collapse disaster is predicted according to the variation trend of the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass.
6. The point region monitoring method for the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass body as claimed in claim 4, wherein the natural vibration frequency of the rock mass is matched and associated with the risk of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass body; the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risk detection method comprises the steps of obtaining a plurality of levels of tunnel surrounding rock block collapse risks, and respectively corresponding to the rock mass inherent vibration frequency preset range from the development period to the catastrophe period of the tunnel surrounding rock block collapse disasters.
7. A some territory monitoring system for tunnel country rock mass collapses, its characterized in that includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring microseismic data of a collapse dangerous area of a surrounding rock block in the tunnel and rock mass dynamic characteristic data of a dangerous block identified in the tunnel;
and the fusion analysis module is used for predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock mass by fusing and analyzing the microseismic data and the rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock mass are realized.
8. A some territory monitoring system for tunnel country rock mass collapses, its characterized in that includes:
the rock micro-seismic monitoring system is used for monitoring a collapse danger area of a rock body in the tunnel and acquiring micro-seismic data;
the system comprises a rock mass natural vibration frequency monitoring system, a rock mass dynamic characteristic data acquisition system and a data processing system, wherein the rock mass natural vibration frequency monitoring system is used for monitoring the dangerous block identified in the tunnel and acquiring rock mass dynamic characteristic data;
the block collapse disaster prediction system is used for predicting the collapse risk of the tunnel surrounding rock block by fusing and analyzing microseismic data and rock mass dynamic characteristic data, and monitoring and early warning of the collapse of the tunnel surrounding rock block are realized.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for monitoring point of area monitoring of collapse of a mass of a tunnel surrounding rock according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer arrangement comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the program, carries out the steps in the method for point of area monitoring for tunnel casing mass collapse according to any one of claims 1-6.
CN202010831719.5A 2020-08-18 2020-08-18 Point region monitoring method and system for tunnel surrounding rock block collapse Pending CN112132314A (en)

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CN113155265A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-07-23 中国路桥工程有限责任公司 Device and method for monitoring stability of rock and soil mass
CN117094138A (en) * 2023-08-08 2023-11-21 北京中关村智连安全科学研究院有限公司 Side slope dangerous rock mass collapse time prediction method and system

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CN112761726A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-07 中国矿业大学 Roof collapse risk assessment and prediction device and method
CN113155265A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-07-23 中国路桥工程有限责任公司 Device and method for monitoring stability of rock and soil mass
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