CN1121305A - 用作联接器的印刷电路板 - Google Patents

用作联接器的印刷电路板 Download PDF

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CN1121305A
CN1121305A CN95109864A CN95109864A CN1121305A CN 1121305 A CN1121305 A CN 1121305A CN 95109864 A CN95109864 A CN 95109864A CN 95109864 A CN95109864 A CN 95109864A CN 1121305 A CN1121305 A CN 1121305A
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W·克恩德尔梅尔
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Abstract

一种在对称通信和数据系统工程配电系统中用作联接器的印刷电路板，该电路板的正面有一对基本上平行的电路板印刷线基本上与印刷电路板背面一对基本上平行的电路板印刷线一致，其中背面上所述一对印刷线的其中之一借助于两个金属化通孔跨越该对印刷线的另一印刷线，该金属化通孔在正面上通过一互连电路板印刷线在电气上互连。

Description

用作联接器的印刷电路板
本发明涉及在通信和数据系统工程的配电系统中用作联接器的印刷电路板。
配电系统中工作频率高达100兆赫时，系统所有元器件的配置就要特别小心，尤其是接插部位联接器的配置，更是如此。对元器件的传输性能主要有三个要求，即插入损失、端接头回路损失和串扰性能三方面的要求。除电缆引起的衰减外，其中串扰性能尤其是确定最佳传输特性的因素。因此，除原来的串扰消除设计外。通常还需要对个别元器件采取另外的补偿措施。美国标准ANSI/EIA/TLA-568(商用建筑电信配线标准)和有关的配件技术公报T.IA/EIATSB40规定了商用配电系统元器件应满足的一些要求。该标准特别重要的部分是第五部分，该部分要求在100兆赫工作频率下各成对电路板之间的接插件串扰衰减(NEXT)至少为-40分贝。接触间隙均匀的一般接插件几乎再也不能满足这个要求，并且需要有复杂的电路板几何形状或平衡电路。
美国专利5,295,869的说明书公开了一种将各金属化通孔紧挨毗连配置从而在附加的一个板上产生对串扰起容性平衡作用的联接器。该专利文件还详细列举了其它周知的消除串扰的可行措施，即，采用多个分立平衡电容器，将有关的印刷电路板表面设计成容性表面，借助于有关印刷电路板上的并行导电作用进行感应耦合，以及增加平衡导体部分。
联接器上述周知的平衡处理方法有这样的缺点：各分立平衡电容之间的协调作用差，或缺乏额外的平衡导体部分，再加上要求增设额外的工序，而提高了生产成本。
德国专利4325952.9的说明书公开了配电系统构成电路板或端子板形式的一种接触板，这种接触板能使串扰衰减到-60分贝以上，采取的具体措施是，缩小绞线对各导线之间的接触间隙，并保持不同双股线之间的接触间隙不变。这里存在这样的缺点：这种特殊结构的接触板作为断路板时，若采用一般的联接器，对置着的双线之间的串扰衰减上升到-40分贝，从而需要在联接器上进一步采取补偿措施。
按照本发明，本发明提供的在对称通信和数据系统工程配电系统中用作联接器的印刷电路板，其正面有一对基本上平行的电路板印刷线，配置得基本上与印刷电路板背面的一对基本上平行电路板印刷线一致，且背面上所述一对印刷线的其中之一借助于两个金属化通孔在该对的另一个印刷线上方交叉而过，两个金属化通孔则在正面上通过一个互连电路板印刷线在电气上互连起来。
在本发明的一些实施例中，联接器与接触板之间的部分的磁自平衡，和联接器内的极小串扰部分的磁自平衡一样，是根据电路板印刷线的形状进行的，磁自平衡作用是通过基本上平行于且紧挨接触板的接触弹簧走线且与接触表面连接的电路板印刷线部分产生的，联接器中的串扰则主要通过印刷电路板正反面上基本上一致的电路板印刷线设计，使其衰减到最小程度。
从本说明书所附的权利要求的附属权项中可以搞清楚本发明其它有益的一些研究成果。特别是缩短平行电路板印刷线的设计，使电阻阻抗值可以调节到100欧左右，有效地防止了反射作用。电路板印刷线连接起来，改善了电阻阻抗值。此外这一切还可以抗衡印刷电路板前后之间的串扰，主要抵消了接触表面的影响。为利用磁自平衡来平衡检测不出的接触板串扰，最好将容性表面设计得比有关的接触表面大些。
下面参照附图仅以举例的方式更详细地说明本发明的内容。附图中：
图1示出了印刷电路板处于插接状态的绞线对联接器块的侧视图；
图2示出了印刷电路板处于接插状态的联接器块的剖视图；
图3是印刷电路板正面的平面图；
图4是印刷电路板背面的平面图。
通信和数据系统工程中用的配电系统，其联接器块1的外壳通常由合成材料制成，上面有端子接点3、4的接合凹口，如图1中所示。各对端子接点供连接绞线对2用。结构对称的联接器块1中的一对端子接点3、4对应于联接器块对面上相关的一对。接联器块1的一侧是接例如电话交换局来的双线2的电缆侧，另一侧的搭接处则接呼叫方。将有关接点之间的信号旁路或进行测量和测试时，可以将联接器插入中间的孔口14。这种联接器有一个印刷电路板7，电路板上焊接有互连电缆的绞线对8。从图2中可以看到，两对置着的端子接点3的接点弹簧9凸入中间孔口14中。在本实施例中，接点弹簧9形成断路接点，即接插件没有插在相对的两接点3之间，对置着的端子接点3在电气上是互连的。接插件的印刷电路板7插入断路接点中时，就使电路断开。于是焊接到印刷电路板7接线电缆的绞线对8就进入分流状态。
印刷电路板7插入中间孔中14的下部分设计成一个槽口41，如图3和图4中所示。在各分路上，接点表面21、22、23、24配置在印刷电路板7的正面20和背面40。这些接点表面上连接有有关电路板通常平行于电路板7的纵边走线的印刷线25、26、27、28。印刷电路板印刷线25、26、27、28走过印刷电路板7大约1/3的长度后偏向印刷电路板7的外缘走线，这时正面20的电路板印刷线25、26与背面的电路板印刷线27、28基本一致。在此偏离段之后，正面20的电路板印刷线25、26与背面40的电路板印刷线27、28再次彼此平行走线。但彼此间的间距较小。电路板印刷线26附近有一个容性表面32，与电路板印刷线26相连接。同样，容性表面33安置在印刷电路板7背面40上的电路板印刷线附近，基本上与容性表面32一致。
两金属化通孔29、30在正面20上通过电路板印刷线31在电气上互连，印刷电路板7背面40上的电路板印刷线28则借助于两金属化通孔29、30跨越电路板印刷线27与容性表面33连接。这之后，电路板印刷线27、28再次继续彼此平行走线，最后连接到相关的焊盘37、39上。印刷电路板7背面40上的焊盘38下方配置有另一个容性表面，与电路板印刷线27相连接。容性表面24配置在印刷电路板的正面20上，基本上与背面40上的容性表面35一致，且与电路板印刷线25相连接。
电路板印刷线25、26走过印刷电路板7约2/3的长度之后，偏向印刷电路板7的另一纵边42，再次彼此平行走线，最后与有关的焊盘36、38相连接。有关的绞线对8焊接到焊盘36、38或37、39，分接提取的信号可在绞线对8上传送。接点表面21、22、23、24与端子接点3、4在中间孔口14中的接点弹簧9电接触。
电路板印刷线在接点表面21上方平行配置，与联接器块1的接点弹簧9起部分磁自平衡的作用。电路板印刷线平行但紧靠在一起的连接方式最大限度地减小了对毗邻联接器的串扰，且使阻抗达到防止反射的程度。电路板印刷线25、26之间或27、28之间在较紧密部位的间距最好设计得使由此形成的双线，其阻抗接近100欧。由于电路板印刷线与容性表面在结构上基本上一致，因而在正面20与背面40之间在电磁方面紧密耦合。电路板印刷线28在走过大致半个印刷电路板7的长度之后，在电路板背面40电路板印刷线紧挨处的跨越，几乎完全抵消了正面20与背面40之间的串扰。各电容器32、33或34、35设计成平板式也起了抵消正面20与背面40之间串扰的作用，主要抵消了接点表面21、22或23、24的影响。容性表面32、33和34、35最好比接触表面21、22、23、24稍微大些，为的是使待抵消的磁自平衡不致检测出接触板1的串扰。
按上述比例将平衡划分成感性部分(半个板长之后紧挨和交叉的平行电路板印刷线)和容性部分(容性表面32、33和34、35)，最终使阻抗匹配良好，从而减小反射，就和纯感性或纯容性平衡的情况一样。

Claims (9)

1.一种在对称通信和数据系统工程配电系统中用作联接器的印刷电路板，该电路板的正面有一对基本上平行的电路板印刷线，配置得基本上与印刷电路板背面的一对基本上平行的电路板印刷线一致，其中，背面上的所述一对印刷线的其中之一借助于两个金属化通孔跨越过另一个印刷线，所述金属化通孔通过互连电路板印刷线在正面上电互连。
2.如权利要求1所述的印刷电路板，其特征在于，在电路板的一端配备电路板印刷线的接触表面，并被一个槽所分隔，电路板印刷线即沿该槽紧密配置。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的印刷电路板，其特征在于，电路板印刷线从接触表面开始、走过大约1/3印刷电路板的长度之后改变方向，以更紧密毗连的方式继续彼此平行地走线。
4.如1至3任一权利要求所述的印刷电路板，其特征在于，相应的各容性表面与电路板印刷线相连接。
5.如权利要求4所述的印刷电路板，其特征在于，容性表面设计得略大于有关的接触表面。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的印刷电路板，其特征在于，各成对的电路板印刷线相应的第一印刷线配置在印刷电路板大致中间的位置，各成对电路板印刷线相应的第二印刷线则毗邻设在电路板接触表面另一端的焊盘配置。
7.如权利要求6所述的印刷电路板，其特征在于，各电路板印刷线，从接触表面开始，走了大约1/3印刷电路板长度之后偏向纵边，再次平行于该纵边走线，从而使正面的电路板印刷线在走了印刷电路板约2/3的长度之后，以第一偏转角偏转，然后垂直朝纵边走线，再次垂直偏向焊盘，与有关的焊盘相连接，而所述电路板印刷线，在走了印刷电路板约1/2的长度之后，以第一偏转角偏转，再借助于金属化通孔在该角度的走线行程中跨越另一电路板印刷线，以便继续与该另一电路板印刷线平行于纵边走线，最后与有关的焊盘连接。
8.一种基本上如前面参照各附图加以说明的电路板。
9.本说明书所公开或提到或说明的和/或在此专利申请中个别或共同要求予以专利保护的步骤、特点、组成、组合，以及任两个或两个以上所述步骤或特点的所有组合。
CN95109864A 1994-08-09 1995-08-09 用作联接器的印刷电路板 Expired - Fee Related CN1060308C (zh)

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CN1060308C (zh) 2001-01-03
DE9412794U1 (de) 1995-09-07
BR9503581A (pt) 1996-04-09
DE59507771D1 (de) 2000-03-16
RU2150799C1 (ru) 2000-06-10
US5663870A (en) 1997-09-02
ZA956630B (en) 1997-02-10
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EP0697804A1 (de) 1996-02-21

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