CN112129881A - An experimental device for high temperature sodium combustion reaction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical reaction devices, and relates to a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device. The experimental device comprises a sealed glove box, a gas access port, a reaction container, a sodium introducing port, a heating plate, a power supply, a balance, an aerosol collecting container, an aerosol collecting pipeline, an aerosol collecting port, an air pump, a gas collecting pipeline, a gas collecting port and a gas collecting bag. The high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device can be better used for experimental research of high-temperature sodium combustion reaction.

Description

An experimental device for high temperature sodium combustion reaction

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical reaction devices, and relates to a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device.

Background technique

Metal sodium is a coolant for sodium-cooled fast neutron reactors and has important applications in the field of nuclear power. There are many sodium-containing equipment in sodium-cooled fast reactors that have been operating at high temperature for a long time. These equipments (especially the sodium circuit pipelines and sodium valves, etc.) are covered with thermal insulation cotton to ensure the normal operation of the system. When a sodium leakage accident occurs in a sodium-cooled fast reactor, the thermal insulation cotton on the outer layer of the equipment pipeline may come into direct contact with the high-temperature sodium, and even cause the combustion reaction between the thermal insulation cotton and the high-temperature sodium. How to avoid such a combustion reaction is essential to ensure the normal operation of the equipment pipeline. It is of great significance to ensure the safety of operation and maintenance personnel. Therefore, it is necessary and necessary to carry out research on the compatibility of high-temperature sodium and thermal insulation materials under relevant conditions. Through this research, the temperature parameters of high-temperature sodium and thermal insulation cotton are obtained, the phenomenon of combustion is observed, and the products of the reaction after combustion are analyzed. Evaluate the compatibility of thermal insulation materials with high temperature sodium.

The combustion reaction of metallic sodium in the atmosphere has the following special properties and phenomena:

(1) The metal sodium exposed to the atmosphere undergoes a rapid chemical reaction, the surface loses its metallic luster, and it is easy to absorb oxygen and water;

(2) Sodium at 150°C-250°C can burn directly in the atmosphere, and at the same time generate a large amount of aerosol, which will quickly diffuse to the surrounding environment and fill the space;

(3) The temperature of sodium combustion can reach 600°C-800°C, while releasing a lot of heat.

When carrying out the experimental research on the combustion reaction of metallic sodium, due to the extremely strong chemical activity of sodium, it reacts with other substances in the atmosphere and burns at a high temperature, the combustion process is intense, and a large amount of harmful gases and gases are produced. Sol, so special closed experimental equipment is required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, which can be better used for the experimental research of high temperature sodium combustion reaction.

In order to achieve this purpose, in the basic embodiment, the present invention provides a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, the experimental device includes a sealed glove box, a gas inlet, a reaction vessel, a sodium inlet, a heating plate, a power supply , balance, aerosol collection container, aerosol collection container, aerosol collection pipeline, aerosol collection port, air pump, gas collection pipeline, gas collection port, gas collection bag,

The reaction vessel, the heating plate, the balance, the aerosol collection container, and the aerosol collection container are arranged in the glove box;

The gas containing oxygen is introduced into the reaction vessel through the gas inlet opening on the outer wall of the glove box, and the sodium The introduction port feeds sodium into the reaction vessel, so as to realize the high-temperature sodium combustion reaction in the reaction vessel;

The heating plate realizes the heating of the reaction vessel under the power supply of the power supply;

The balance is used for weighing the total weight of the material in the reaction vessel, thereby monitoring the amount of sodium injection;

The aerosol collection container is used for the collection of settled aerosols in the glove box described in the sodium combustion reaction;

The aerosol collection container is used for collecting the aerosol floating in the glove box in the sodium combustion reaction;

The aerosol collection pipeline passes through the aerosol collection port opened on the outer wall of the glove box, and the two ends are respectively connected to the aerosol collection container and the outside of the glove box. the suction pump described;

The gas collection pipeline passes through the gas collection port opened on the outer wall of the glove box, and the two ends are respectively connected to the gas space in the glove box and the gas space outside the glove box. the air pump;

The aspirating pump is used to quantitatively collect the aerosol in the glove box into the aerosol collection container by suction in the sodium combustion reaction, or to pass the gas in the glove box through the The gas collection line is pumped to the gas collection bag outside the glove box.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, wherein the balance is an electronic balance.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, wherein the oxygen-containing gas is air or a mixed gas of oxygen and an inert gas.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, wherein the experimental device further comprises a sodium injection tank and a sodium injection pipe, and the sodium injection tank disposed outside the glove box The sodium stored in the spray tank is introduced into the reaction vessel through the sodium spray pipe passing through the sodium introduction port.

In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an experimental device for high temperature sodium combustion reaction, wherein the experimental device further comprises a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of sodium in the sodium injection tank.

In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, wherein the experimental device further comprises a temperature-controlled heater for temperature-controlled heating of the sodium in the sodium injection tank to target temperature.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, wherein the experimental device further comprises an infrared thermal imager and an infrared observation window,

The infrared thermal imager is located outside the infrared observation window, and is used to monitor the combustion temperature of the sodium combustion reaction;

The infrared observation window is arranged on the outer wall of the glove box to provide an observation window for the infrared thermal imager.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, wherein the experimental device further comprises a visual observation window arranged on the outer wall of the glove box for A viewing window is provided for routine operation and visual observation within the glove box.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an experimental device for high-temperature sodium combustion reaction, wherein the experimental device further includes a pressure gauge for monitoring the pressure in the glove box in real time.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an experimental device for high temperature sodium combustion reaction, wherein all interfaces of the experimental device are sealed by welding or screw connection.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention can be better used for the experimental research of the high-temperature sodium combustion reaction.

The experimental device of the invention can be used to carry out the experiment of burning high-temperature sodium with high-temperature cotton in the atmosphere and other environments, and can control the amount and temperature of injected sodium, control the oxygen content in the atmosphere in the combustion environment, and monitor the combustion temperature in the reaction process. , it can collect the aerosol and other products generated in the reaction process, and can collect the aerosol products after the reaction, so it can easily realize the functional requirements of temperature detection, environmental oxygen content control, observation of combustion phenomenon, and collection of reaction products. Therefore, the experimental device of the present invention is an indispensable experimental device for the research on the compatibility of thermal insulation cotton and high-temperature sodium, and can provide reliable data support and use basis for the application of thermal insulation cotton in the field of fast reactors.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

(1) for the problem of the sodium heating of the spray tank, the experimental device of the present invention is equipped with a spray tank heating wire, a thermocouple and a temperature controller to realize precise temperature control heating;

(2) In view of the high sealing requirements of the spray tank, the experimental device of the present invention adopts sealing measures such as welding and screw connection for all interfaces;

(3) Aiming at the high temperature of liquid metal sodium, which is easy to be oxidized, the combustion temperature is high, and the dangerous problems such as a large amount of aerosols can be generated, the experimental device of the present invention relies on a glove box with high airtightness to carry out experimental operation;

(4) for the problem of sodium injection quantity monitoring, the experiment device of the present invention realizes detection with the electronic balance in the glove box;

(5) For the problem of temperature monitoring when sodium and thermal insulation cotton are burned, the experimental device of the present invention can be detected by an infrared thermal imager;

(6) Aiming at the problems of thermal insulation cotton heating and heat preservation and quantitative sodium heating and burning, the experimental device of the present invention can be realized by placing a heating plate in the glove box for heating;

(7) For the problem of gas supply in the combustion process of sodium and thermal insulation cotton, the experimental device of the present invention can supply air or a specific proportion of oxygen, etc. by connecting the gas circuit system of the glove box;

(8) For the problem of aerosol collection in the combustion process of sodium and thermal insulation cotton, the experimental device of the present invention can be realized by communicating with the aerosol collection container in the glove box through an air pump;

(9) For the problem of gas collection in the combustion process of sodium and thermal insulation cotton, the experimental device of the present invention can be realized by connecting the gas collection pipeline of the glove box by an air pump;

(10) For the problem of aerosol collection after the sodium combustion reaction, the experimental device of the present invention can be collected by placing a collection container in the glove box.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a first exemplary high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a second exemplary high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The composition structure of the first exemplary high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, including a sodium injection tank 1, a sodium injection pipe, a thermocouple 2, a temperature-controlled heater 3, a sodium inlet 4, a gas Access port 5, sealed glove box 6, infrared observation window 7, infrared thermal imager 8, balance 9 (for electronic balance), heating plate 10, reaction vessel 11 (stainless steel material) equipped with thermal insulation cotton, power supply 12, gas Sol collection container 13, aerosol collection container 14, visual observation window 15, gas collection pipeline, gas collection port 16, aerosol collection pipeline, aerosol collection port 17, gas collection bag 18, air pump 19, pressure gauge 20 .

The reaction container 11 , the heating plate 10 , the balance 9 , the aerosol collection container 13 , and the aerosol collection container 14 are arranged in the glove box 6 .

The gas containing oxygen is introduced into the reaction vessel 11 through the gas inlet 5 opened on the outer wall of the glove box 6 , and sodium is introduced into the reaction vessel 11 through the sodium inlet 4 opened on the outer wall of the glove box 6 , so as to realize the high temperature sodium combustion reaction in the reaction vessel 11 .

The sodium stored in the sodium spray tank 1 provided outside the glove box 6 is introduced into the reaction vessel 11 through the sodium spray pipe passing through the sodium introduction port 4 . Thermocouple 2 is used to measure the temperature of sodium in sodium spray tank 1 . The temperature-controlled heater 3 is used for temperature-controlled heating of the sodium in the sodium spray tank 1 to a target temperature.

The heating plate 10 realizes the heating of the reaction vessel 11 under the power supply of the power source 12 .

The balance 9 is used to weigh the total weight of the substance in the reaction vessel 11 to monitor the amount of sodium injection.

The aerosol collection container 13 is used for the collection of the aerosol settled in the glove box 6 during the sodium combustion reaction.

The aerosol collection container 14 is used to collect the floating aerosol produced in the sodium combustion reaction.

The aerosol collection pipeline passes through the aerosol collection port 17 opened on the outer wall of the glove box 6 , and the two ends are respectively connected to the aerosol collection container 14 and the air pump 19 outside the glove box 6 .

The gas collection pipeline passes through the gas collection port 16 opened on the outer wall of the glove box 6 , and the two ends are respectively connected to the gas space in the glove box 6 and the air pump 19 outside the glove box 6 .

The air pump 19 is used to quantitatively collect the aerosol in the glove box 6 into the aerosol collection container 14 by air suction during the sodium combustion reaction, or to pump the gas in the glove box 6 to the glove box through the gas collection pipeline. The gas collection bag 18 outside 6 is supplied with gas.

The infrared thermal imager 8 is located outside the infrared observation window 7 and is used to monitor the combustion temperature of the sodium combustion reaction. The infrared observation window 7 is arranged on the outer wall of the glove box 6 to provide an observation window for the infrared thermal imager 8 . The visual observation window 15 provided on the outer wall of the glove box 6 is used to provide an observation window for normal operation and visual observation in the glove box 6 . The pressure gauge 20 is used to monitor the pressure in the glove box 6 in real time.

In addition, all interfaces of the experimental device are sealed by welding or screw connection.

The exemplary operation method of the above-mentioned exemplary high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention includes the following steps:

1) Connect and fix the sodium spray tank 1 from the sodium inlet 4 of the glove box 6;

2) Arrange the balance 9, the heating plate 10, the reaction container 11, the aerosol collection container 13, and the aerosol collection container 14 in the glove box 6;

3) connect the heating plate 10 and the power supply 12, connect the aerosol collection container 14 and the air pump 19 interface, connect the air pump 19 and the gas collection pipeline and the gas collection bag 18 interface, and connect the supply gas and the gas inlet 5;

4) Set the heating target value of sodium spray tank 1 to 505°C, and turn on the heating;

5) Place the stainless steel reaction vessel 11 containing thermal insulation cotton on the heating plate 10 in the glove box 6, set the heating plate 10 to a heating target value of 505°C, and turn on the heating plate 10 for heating;

6) The sodium spray tank 1 and the stainless steel reaction vessel 11 reach the target temperature, open the balance 9, seal each interface of the glove box 6, open the gas inlet 5, and feed pure oxygen;

7) Open the valve of the sodium spray tank 1, spray an appropriate amount of nuclear-grade sodium into the stainless steel reaction vessel 11, and record the amount of sodium;

8) Turn on the infrared thermal imager 8, and record the temperature change of the combustion reaction of sodium and thermal insulation cotton;

9) After the sodium is burned for 2 minutes, the air suction pump 19 is turned on, and the aerosol collection container 14 is quantitatively collected;

10) After the complete combustion of sodium, wait for the aerosol to settle completely, open the glove box 6 to observe the window glass, take out the aerosol collection container 13 and the stainless steel reaction container 11, and collect the reaction product to be analyzed.

The composition structure of the second exemplary high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention is shown in Figure 2, including a sodium inlet 4, a gas inlet 5, a sealed glove box 6, an infrared observation window 7, and an infrared thermal imager. 8. Balance 9 (for electronic balance), heating plate 10, reaction container 11 (stainless steel material) equipped with thermal insulation cotton and sodium, power supply 12, aerosol collection container 13, aerosol collection container 14, visual observation window 15, gas Collection pipeline, gas collection port 16 , aerosol collection pipeline, aerosol collection port 17 , gas collection bag 18 , air pump 19 , pressure gauge 20 .

The reaction container 11 , the heating plate 10 , the balance 9 , the aerosol collection container 13 , and the aerosol collection container 14 are arranged in the glove box 6 .

Oxygen-containing gas was introduced into the reaction vessel 11 through the gas inlet 5 opened on the outer wall of the glove box 6 .

The heating plate 10 realizes the heating of the reaction vessel 11 under the power supply of the power source 12 .

The balance 9 is used to weigh the total weight of the substance in the reaction vessel 11 to monitor the amount of sodium injection.

The aerosol collection container 13 is used for the collection of the aerosol settled in the glove box 6 during the sodium combustion reaction.

The aerosol collection container 14 is used to collect the floating aerosol produced in the sodium combustion reaction.

The aerosol collection pipeline passes through the aerosol collection port 17 opened on the outer wall of the glove box 6 , and the two ends are respectively connected to the aerosol collection container 14 and the air pump 19 outside the glove box 6 .

The gas collection pipeline passes through the gas collection port 16 opened on the outer wall of the glove box 6 , and the two ends are respectively connected to the gas space in the glove box 6 and the air pump 19 outside the glove box 6 .

The air pump 19 is used to quantitatively collect the aerosol in the glove box 6 into the aerosol collection container 14 by air suction during the sodium combustion reaction, or to pump the gas in the glove box 6 to the glove box through the gas collection pipeline. The gas collection bag 18 outside 6 is supplied with gas.

The infrared thermal imager 8 is located outside the infrared observation window 7 and is used to monitor the combustion temperature of the sodium combustion reaction. The infrared observation window 7 is arranged on the outer wall of the glove box 6 to provide an observation window for the infrared thermal imager 8 . The visual observation window 15 provided on the outer wall of the glove box 6 is used to provide an observation window for normal operation and visual observation in the glove box 6 . The pressure gauge 20 is used to monitor the pressure in the glove box 6 in real time.

In addition, all interfaces of the experimental device are sealed by welding or screw connection.

The first exemplary operation method of the above-mentioned exemplary high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1) the sodium introduction port 4 of the glove box 6 is closed;

2) Arrange the balance 9, the heating plate 10, the reaction container 11, the aerosol collection container 13, and the aerosol collection container 14 in the glove box 6;

3) connect the heating plate 10 and the power supply 12, connect the aerosol collection container 14 and the air pump 19 interface, connect the air pump 19 and the gas collection pipeline and the gas collection bag 18 interface, and connect the supply gas and the gas inlet 5;

4) The stainless steel reaction vessel 11 containing 50g of quantitative nuclear grade solid sodium and thermal insulation cotton is placed on the heating plate 10 in the glove box 6, the heating plate 10 is set to a heating target value of 250°C, and the heating plate 10 is turned on for heating;

5) Seal each interface of glove box 6, open gas inlet 5, and let in air;

6) After the sodium starts to burn in the stainless steel reaction vessel 11, turn on the infrared thermal imager 8 to record the temperature change of the sodium and the thermal insulation cotton combustion reaction;

7) After the sodium is burned for 2 minutes, the air pump 19 is turned on, and the aerosol collection container 14 is quantitatively collected;

8) After the complete combustion of sodium, wait for the aerosol to settle completely, open the glove box 6 to observe the window glass, take out the aerosol collection container 13 and the stainless steel reaction container 11, and collect the reaction product for analysis.

The second exemplary operation method of the above-mentioned exemplary high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device of the present invention includes the following steps:

1) Arrange the balance 9, the heating plate 10, the reaction container 11, the aerosol collection container 13, and the aerosol collection container 14 in the glove box 6;

2) connect the heating plate 10 and the power supply 12, connect the aerosol collection container 14 and the air pump 19 interface, connect the air pump 19 and the gas collection pipeline and the gas collection bag 18 interface, and connect the supply gas and the gas inlet 5;

3) The stainless steel reaction vessel 11 containing 50g of quantitative nuclear grade solid sodium and thermal insulation cotton is placed on the heating plate 10 in the glove box 6;

4) Continue feeding 5% O ₂ -95% Ar (v/v) into the glove box 6 through the gas inlet 5 at a flow rate of 1 L/min for 30 minutes, stop feeding the gas, and introduce the sodium inlet of the glove box 6 into the glove box 6 4 closed;

5) Set the heating target value of the heating plate 10 to 300°C, and turn on the heating plate 10 for heating;

6) After the sodium starts to burn in the stainless steel reaction vessel 11, turn on the infrared thermal imager 8 to record the temperature change of the sodium and the thermal insulation cotton combustion reaction;

7) After the sodium is burned for 2 minutes, the air pump 19 is turned on, and the aerosol collection container 14 is quantitatively collected;

8) After the complete combustion of sodium, wait for the aerosol to settle completely, open the glove box 6 to observe the window glass, take out the aerosol collection container 13 and the stainless steel reaction container 11, and collect the reaction product for analysis.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their technical equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations. The above-mentioned embodiments or implementations are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention may also be implemented in other specific forms or other specific forms without departing from the gist or essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the described embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should also be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a high-temperature sodium combustion reaction experimental device, is characterized in that: described experimental device comprises a sealed glove box, gas inlet, reaction vessel, sodium inlet, heating plate, power supply, balance, aerosol collection container, gas Aerosol collection container, aerosol collection pipeline, aerosol collection port, air pump, gas collection pipeline, gas collection port, gas collection bag, The reaction vessel, the heating plate, the balance, the aerosol collection container, and the aerosol collection container are arranged in the glove box; The gas containing oxygen is introduced into the reaction vessel through the gas inlet opening on the outer wall of the glove box, and the sodium The introduction port feeds sodium into the reaction vessel, so as to realize the high-temperature sodium combustion reaction in the reaction vessel; The heating plate realizes the heating of the reaction vessel under the power supply of the power supply; The balance is used for weighing the total weight of the material in the reaction vessel, thereby monitoring the amount of sodium injection; The aerosol collection container is used for the collection of settled aerosols in the glove box described in the sodium combustion reaction; The aerosol collection container is used for collecting the aerosol floating in the glove box in the sodium combustion reaction; The aerosol collection pipeline passes through the aerosol collection port opened on the outer wall of the glove box, and the two ends are respectively connected to the aerosol collection container and the outside of the glove box. the suction pump described; The gas collection pipeline passes through the gas collection port opened on the outer wall of the glove box, and the two ends are respectively connected to the gas space in the glove box and the gas space outside the glove box. the air pump; The aspirating pump is used to quantitatively collect the aerosol in the glove box into the aerosol collection container by suction in the sodium combustion reaction, or to pass the gas in the glove box through the The gas collection line is pumped to the gas collection bag outside the glove box. 2 . The experimental device according to claim 1 , wherein the balance is an electronic balance. 3 . 3 . The experimental device according to claim 1 , wherein the oxygen-containing gas is air or a mixed gas of oxygen and an inert gas. 4 . 4. experimental device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described experimental device also comprises sodium spray tank, sodium spray pipe, the sodium that is arranged in the described sodium spray tank outside described glove box is stored Into the reaction vessel through the sodium injection pipe passing through the sodium inlet. 5 . The experimental device according to claim 4 , wherein the experimental device further comprises a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of sodium in the sodium spray tank. 6 . 6 . The experimental device according to claim 4 , wherein the experimental device further comprises a temperature-controlled heater for temperature-controlled heating of the sodium in the sodium spray tank to a target temperature. 7 . 7. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the experimental device further comprises an infrared thermal imager and an infrared observation window, The infrared thermal imager is located outside the infrared observation window, and is used to monitor the combustion temperature of the sodium combustion reaction; The infrared observation window is arranged on the outer wall of the glove box to provide an observation window for the infrared thermal imager. 8. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the experimental device further comprises a visual observation window arranged on the outer wall of the glove box for routine operation in the glove box And visual observation provides observation window. 9 . The experimental device according to claim 1 , wherein the experimental device further comprises a pressure gauge for monitoring the pressure in the glove box in real time. 10 . 10. The experimental device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: all interfaces of the experimental device are sealed by welding or screwing.

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