CN112126950A - Device for recovering metal and using method and application thereof - Google Patents
Device for recovering metal and using method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112126950A CN112126950A CN202010813659.4A CN202010813659A CN112126950A CN 112126950 A CN112126950 A CN 112126950A CN 202010813659 A CN202010813659 A CN 202010813659A CN 112126950 A CN112126950 A CN 112126950A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese
- C25C1/08—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of waste recycling, in particular to a device for recovering metal and a using method and application thereof, wherein the device comprises an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by a cation exchange membrane, the anode chamber comprises an anode, anolyte and a plurality of drum-type reactors, the cathode chamber comprises a cathode and catholyte, and the anode is connected with the cathode through a titanium wire; the using method comprises the following steps: the metal-containing solid waste is crushed and the waste fragments are then poured into a drum reactor in the anode compartment. The device can synchronously complete the leaching of the separated multiphase mixture and the recovery of metal elements, and the recovery rate of the metal elements can reach 100 percent at most.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste recycling, in particular to a device for recovering metal and a using method and application thereof.
Background
Modern society manufactures a large number of articles, mixing metals and organic or inorganic materials. After the end of the life, it is necessary to be able to recycle it without causing pollution. At present, no good method is available, and pollution is serious. Therefore, how to treat electronic waste efficiently becomes one of the environmental problems to be solved urgently.
Hydrometallurgy is an efficient method of separating multiphase mixtures. The Chinese patent with application number of 201810408151.9 discloses a device for recovering metals in sulfide ore tailings, the leaching of the sulfide ore tailings and the recovery of metal elements can be synchronously completed by using the device, and the recovery rate of the metal elements can be up to 78.2%. The device of the patent can only be used for recovering metals in the sulfide ore tailing solution, and the recovery rate is lower.
The invention tries to recover metals by using the solar cell assisted one-step method of anodic electrolytic leaching and cathodic electrolysis, and provides a brand new idea for separating multiphase mixtures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a device for recovering metals and applications thereof, by which leaching of a separated multiphase mixture and recovery of metal elements can be simultaneously completed, and the recovery rate of the metal elements can reach up to 100%.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method of use and application of the device for recovering metals.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an apparatus for recovering metal, the apparatus comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, the anode compartment being separated from the cathode compartment by a cation exchange membrane, the anode compartment comprising an anode, an anolyte and a plurality of drum reactors, the cathode compartment comprising a cathode and a catholyte, the anode and the cathode being connected by a titanium wire. The effective volumes of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are both 100 liters.
Preferably, the anode and the cathode are supplied with direct current power through a solar cell or a rectifier.
Preferably, the anode and the cathode are made of carbon felt, carbon cloth, graphite, a carbon felt modified material, a carbon cloth modified material or a graphite modified material. More preferably, the anode and the cathode are made of carbon felt.
Preferably, the anolyte and the catholyte are hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% -15%. More preferably, the anolyte and the catholyte are hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 10%.
The pH of the anolyte is 0-4.5. More preferably, the pH of the anolyte is 1. When the pH of the anolyte was 1, the recovery rate of the metal element was the highest.
The invention provides application of the device for recovering metal in the aspects of recovering metal and treating environment.
The other purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of using an apparatus for recovering metals, comprising pulverizing metal-containing solid waste and then pouring waste fragments into a drum reactor of an anode chamber.
Preferably, the solid waste comprises waste drill bits, waste grinding heads, waste circuit boards and waste electronic devices; the mass concentration of the fragment solution is 50-300 g/L. More preferably, the mass concentration of the fragment solution is 100-150 g/L. Namely, each liter of anolyte contains 100-150 g of fragments.
The waste fragments are crushed to a particle size of less than 100 mesh, and the smaller the particle size of the waste fragments, the higher the recovery rate of the metal elements.
Preferably, after the waste fragments are poured into the drum-type reactor of the anode chamber, chlorine gas is filled for 10min and then the anode chamber is sealed, so that the anode chamber is in a high oxidation-reduction potential state.
Preferably, after the waste fragments are poured into the drum-type reactor of the anode chamber, the rectifier or the solar cell needs to be started to enable the anode chamber to be in an anode power-on state.
The invention provides application of the using method of the device for recovering metal in the aspects of recovering metal and treating environment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can synchronously complete the leaching of the separated multiphase mixture and the recovery of metal elements, and the recovery rate of the metal elements can reach 100 percent at most.
In the device of the invention, electrons generated by oxidation of copper or other metals in the waste are consumed in the cathode chamber, and generated metal ions are combined with the electrons to generate metal, so that the synchronous recovery of metal elements is completed.
In the device, the anodic oxidation leaching continuously generates metal ions, the metal ions reach the cathode chamber through the cation exchange membrane and are continuously separated out through electrolysis, the problems that the concentration of the metal ions is continuously increased along with the prolonging of the leaching time and the activity of the metal elements leached by the anode is inhibited in a feedback mode do not exist, the anodic leaching process can be continuously carried out, and the recovery rate of the metal elements in the waste is obviously improved.
In the device of the invention, protons generated by anodic oxidation reaction permeate the cation exchange membrane to reach the cathode chamber without secondary pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the apparatus of the present invention;
the reference signs are: anode chamber 1, cathode chamber 2, cation exchange membrane 3, anode 4, anolyte 5, drum-type reactor 6, cathode 7, catholyte 8, titanium wire 9.
Detailed Description
For the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying fig. 1, and the description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, an apparatus for recovering metal comprises an anode chamber 1 and a cathode chamber 2, the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 are separated by a cation exchange membrane 3, the anode chamber 1 comprises an anode 4, an anolyte 5 and a plurality of drum reactors 6, the cathode chamber 2 comprises a cathode 7 and a catholyte 8, and the anode 4 and the cathode 7 are connected by a titanium wire 9.
The anode 4 and the cathode 7 are supplied with direct current power through a solar cell or a rectifier.
The anode 4 and the cathode 7 are made of carbon felt, carbon cloth, graphite, a carbon felt modified material, a carbon cloth modified material or a graphite modified material.
The anolyte 5 and the catholyte 8 are hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5-15%.
An application of a device for recovering metal in the aspects of recovering metal and treating environment.
Example 2
A method for using an apparatus for recovering metals, comprising pulverizing metal-containing solid wastes and then pouring the waste fragments into a drum-type reactor 6 of an anode chamber 1.
The solid waste comprises a waste drill bit, a waste grinding head, a waste circuit board and a waste electronic device; the mass concentration of the fragment solution is 50-300 g/L.
After the waste fragments are poured into the drum-type reactor 6 of the anode chamber 1, chlorine gas is filled for 10min and then the anode chamber 1 is sealed, so that the anode chamber 1 is in a high oxidation-reduction potential state.
After the waste fragments are poured into the drum-type reactor 6 of the anode chamber 1, a rectifier or a solar cell needs to be started, so that the anode chamber 1 is in an anode 4 power-on state.
The application of the use method of the device for recovering the metal in the aspects of recovering the metal and treating the environment.
Application example 1
The pH of the anolyte 5 of the device of the invention is set to 0, 1, 4.5, the waste grinding head with the concentration of 100g/L is poured into the closed roller of the anode 4 area, the roller is rotated, the current is switched on, after the grinding head is completely dissolved, the diamond powder and the deposit of the cathode 7 are recovered, and the recovery rate of the cobalt element is determined (the determination is carried out by adopting the determination of cobalt-flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry according to GB 11911-89, and the determination results are shown in Table 1).
TABLE 1 Effect of pH of anolyte 5 on cobalt recovery
| pH of anolyte | 0 | 1 | 4.5 |
| Cobalt recovery (%) | 96％ | 98％ | 95％ |
As can be seen from Table 1, when the pH of the anolyte 5 is 0-4.5, the recovery rate of cobalt element is high, and when the pH of the anolyte 5 is 1, the recovery rate of cobalt element can reach 98% at most, and the effect is best.
Application example 2
The pH of the anolyte 5 of the device is set to be 4.5, a cation exchange membrane 3, an anion exchange membrane and a proton exchange membrane are respectively used for separating an anode chamber 1 and a cathode chamber 2, grinding head waste chips with the concentration of 100g/L are poured into the device, and after the device is operated, the recovery rate of cobalt element is measured (measured by adopting a cobalt measurement-flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry according to GB 11911-89, and the measurement result is shown in Table 2).
TABLE 2 Effect of separator materials on cobalt recovery
| pH of anolyte | Cation exchange membrane | Anion exchange membranes | Proton exchange membrane |
| Copper recovery (%) | 96％ | 88％ | 75％ |
As can be seen from table 2, the recovery rate of cobalt element can reach 96% at most by separating the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 by the cation exchange membrane 3, and the effect is the best, and then the anion exchange membrane is followed by the proton exchange membrane.
Application example 3
The pH value of the anolyte 5 of the device is set to be 0, 1 and 4.5, circuit board waste boards are crushed and screened, 100g/L of particle materials with the particle size smaller than 100 meshes are poured into the closed roller of the anode 4 area, the roller is rotated, the current is switched on, after the waste materials are completely dissolved, the resin powder and the deposit of the cathode 7 are recovered, and the recovery rate of copper elements is determined (according to the determination of HJ 700-2014 by adopting an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the determination result is shown in Table 3).
TABLE 3 influence of pH of anolyte 5 on copper recovery
| pH of anolyte | 0 | 1 | 4.5 |
| Copper recovery (%) | 96％ | 98％ | 98％ |
As can be seen from Table 3, the recovery rate of copper is higher when the pH of the anolyte 5 is 0-4.5, and the recovery rate of copper is up to 98% at the highest when the pH of the anolyte 5 is 1 or 4.5, which is the best effect.
Example 4
The pH value of the anode liquid 5 of the device is set to be 0, 1 and 4.5, the scrapped gold-containing electronic parts such as capacitance resistance integrated circuits and the like are crushed and screened, 100g/L of particle materials with the particle size smaller than 100 meshes are poured into the closed roller of the anode 4 area, the roller is rotated, the current is switched on, after the waste materials are completely dissolved, the resin powder and the deposit of the cathode 7 are recovered, and the recovery rate of gold elements is determined (the determination is carried out by adopting an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry according to HJ 700 + 2014, and the determination result is shown in table 4).
TABLE 4 influence of pH of anolyte 5 on gold element recovery
| pH of anolyte | 0 | 1 | 4.5 |
| Gold recovery (%) | 96％ | 98％ | 85％ |
As can be seen from Table 4, when the pH of the anolyte 5 is 0-4.5, the recovery rate of the gold element is high, and when the pH of the anolyte 5 is 1, the recovery rate of the gold element can reach 98% at most, and the effect is best.
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for recovering metal, characterized by: the device comprises an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, wherein the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by a cation exchange membrane, the anode chamber comprises an anode, anolyte and a plurality of drum-type reactors, the cathode chamber comprises a cathode and catholyte, and the anode and the cathode are connected through a titanium wire.
2. An apparatus for recovering metal according to claim 1, wherein: the anode and the cathode are provided with direct current power supply through a solar cell or a rectifier.
3. An apparatus for recovering metal according to claim 1, wherein: the anode and the cathode are made of carbon felt, carbon cloth, graphite, a carbon felt modified material, a carbon cloth modified material or a graphite modified material.
4. An apparatus for recovering metal according to claim 1, wherein: the anolyte and the catholyte are hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5-15%.
5. Use of an apparatus for the recovery of metals according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for the recovery of metals and the remediation of the environment.
6. Use of a device for recovering metals according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the metal-containing solid waste is crushed and the waste fragments are then poured into a drum reactor in the anode compartment.
7. Use of a device for recovering metals according to claim 6, characterized in that: the solid waste comprises a waste drill bit, a waste grinding head, a waste circuit board and a waste electronic device; the mass concentration of the fragment solution is 50-300 g/L.
8. Use of a device for recovering metals according to claim 6, characterized in that: and after the waste fragments are poured into a drum-type reactor of the anode chamber, chlorine gas is filled for 10min and then the anode chamber is sealed, so that the anode chamber is in a high oxidation-reduction potential state.
9. Use of a device for recovering metals according to claim 6, characterized in that: after the waste fragments are poured into a drum-type reactor of the anode chamber, a rectifier or a solar cell needs to be started, so that the anode chamber is in an anode power-on state.
10. Use of a device for recovering metals according to claims 6-9 for recovering metals and for environmental remediation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010813659.4A CN112126950A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Device for recovering metal and using method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010813659.4A CN112126950A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Device for recovering metal and using method and application thereof |
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| CN112126950A true CN112126950A (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| CN202010813659.4A Withdrawn CN112126950A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Device for recovering metal and using method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114774686A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-07-22 | 河南理工大学 | Device and method for replacing and recycling gold in thiosulfate gold leaching system |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107254691A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-10-17 | 青岛聚鑫园工贸有限公司 | A kind of method by electric capacity comprehensive reutilization waste diamond tool valuable element |
| CN108658320A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-16 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A method of chemically recycling heavy metal nickel in nickel-plating waste water |
| CN108677008A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-19 | 江南大学 | A kind of device for recycling metal |
| CN111434630A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-07-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for synchronously producing sludge hydrolysate and recovering metals |
-
2020
- 2020-08-13 CN CN202010813659.4A patent/CN112126950A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107254691A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-10-17 | 青岛聚鑫园工贸有限公司 | A kind of method by electric capacity comprehensive reutilization waste diamond tool valuable element |
| CN108658320A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-16 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A method of chemically recycling heavy metal nickel in nickel-plating waste water |
| CN108677008A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-19 | 江南大学 | A kind of device for recycling metal |
| CN111434630A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-07-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for synchronously producing sludge hydrolysate and recovering metals |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| EUN-YOUNG KIM等: "Leaching kinetics of copper from waste printed circuit boards by electro-generated chlorine in HCl solution", 《HYDROMETALLURGY》 * |
| 魏用生: "《西玛津除草剂》", 30 March 1981, 山西人民出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114774686A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-07-22 | 河南理工大学 | Device and method for replacing and recycling gold in thiosulfate gold leaching system |
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Application publication date: 20201225 |