CN112120273A - Speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device and threshing method thereof - Google Patents
Speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device and threshing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112120273A CN112120273A CN202011011858.XA CN202011011858A CN112120273A CN 112120273 A CN112120273 A CN 112120273A CN 202011011858 A CN202011011858 A CN 202011011858A CN 112120273 A CN112120273 A CN 112120273A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000251169 Alopias vulpinus Species 0.000 claims 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
- A24B5/06—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs by stripping leaf-parts from the stem
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- Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a speed-regulating type three-axis threshing device and a threshing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tobacco processing devices and tobacco threshing methods. The threshing device is provided with a three-axis threshing roller system, so that feeding of double feeding ports can be realized, and threshing quality can be improved by dynamically changing the rotating speed of the threshing roller. The threshing device comprises an upper threshing roller with adjustable speed, two lower threshing rollers with fixed rotating speed, a frame fence and a fixed threshing knife. The threshing condition can be dynamically fed back through the leaf detection system, and then the speed change of the upper threshing roller is realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the variable speed motor, so that the threshing quality index of the tobacco leaves is in a stable level. The double-feeding-port threshing machine has the advantages that the feeding speed of the threshing machine is increased, meanwhile, the three-shaft threshing roller system can improve threshing efficiency, and dynamic balance among threshing quality indexes can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the upper threshing roller. Not only can very big improvement threshing machine throw material efficiency like this, can also change threshing quality through automatically regulated upper beating roller rotational speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device and a threshing method thereof, in particular to a method for improving threshing efficiency in threshing and redrying and threshing, particularly a three-shaft threshing device and a threshing roller with dynamic speed regulation, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing devices and tobacco threshing methods.
Background
The existing horizontal threshing device for threshing and redrying production is a single-shaft threshing device, the feeding speed of the threshing device is severely limited due to the fact that only one feeding port is provided, and the existing horizontal threshing method for threshing and redrying production is a single-shaft threshing device with a single-layer frame fence.
The prior art for completing one-time threshing comprises the following steps:
the tobacco leaves enter the single-shaft threshing device from a single feeding port of the threshing device, are driven by the rotation of the threshing roller rotating at a high speed, and form a tobacco leaf flow in the rotating direction; under the drive of the threshing roller, tobacco leaves are thrown into a frame rail below the threshing roller, the threshing knife above the threshing roller is in contact with the frame rail and the fixed threshing knife and rubbed with each other, and the edges at the opening of the frame rail and the threshing knife tear the tobacco leaves from tobacco stems; the torn blades fall down from the opening of the frame rail under the single-shaft threshing roller and are finally discharged from a discharge port at the lower part of the threshing device. Thus, the materials are continuously fed and discharged. Forming a threshing process. As can be seen from the above, if the size of the threshing sheet is changed, the frame rail needs to be replaced, and only one threshing roller severely restricts the feeding and threshing processes, which severely restricts the threshing efficiency, and the replacement of the frame rail wastes time and labor, which severely restricts the threshing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device which is provided with double feeding ports and can improve threshing quality only by regulating the rotating speed of an upper threshing roller and a threshing method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device comprises a blade detection system 15, a shell 14, a striker plate 1, an upper threshing roller 2, a threshing cutter I3, a lower threshing roller II 4, a fixed threshing cutter I5, a threshing cutter II 6, a right frame rail 7, a variable speed motor 8, a left frame rail 9, a threshing cutter III 10, a lower threshing roller I12 and a fixed threshing cutter II 13, wherein the striker plate 1, the upper threshing roller 2, the threshing cutter I3, the lower threshing roller II 4, the fixed threshing cutter I5, the threshing cutter II 6, the right frame rail 7; the blade detection system 15 comprises a light source 18, a camera 16, an image processing and control system 17;
the upper end of the shell 14 is provided with two feed inlets, the upper ends of the two feed inlets are separated by a material baffle plate 1, the lower ends of the two feed inlets are provided with an upper threshing roller 2, the upper threshing roller 2 is provided with a plurality of threshing knives I3, the lower end of the upper threshing roller 2 is provided with a semicircular left frame rail 9 and a semicircular right frame rail 7 side by side, the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7 are respectively provided with a lower threshing roller I12 and a lower threshing roller II 4, the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4 are respectively connected with a stepping motor and are vertically staggered with the upper threshing roller 2, the peaks of two outer side ends of the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7 are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the shell 14, the fixed threshing knives I5 are respectively arranged at two contact points, the tops of two inner side ends of the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7 are connected together through a connecting plate, a fixed threshing knife II 13 is fixed on the connecting plate, a variable speed motor 8 is installed in the middle of the bottom of the shell 14 and is connected with the upper threshing roller 2, a discharge port is installed on one side of the bottom of the shell 14, a blade detection system 15 is installed at the discharge port, a camera 16 is right opposite to the discharge port, and the variable speed motor 8, the camera 16 and the stepping motor are all connected with an image processing and control system 17.
Preferably, the end part of the threshing knife I3 on the upper threshing roller 2 is provided with a wear-resistant layer 19.
Preferably, the wear-resistant layer 19 is made of boron nitride particles.
Preferably, the variable speed motor 8 adopts a variable speed multi-stage three-phase asynchronous motor, and the upper threshing roller 2 and the variable speed motor 8 adopt chain transmission.
Preferably, the camera 16 is an industrial camera.
Preferably, the fixed beater I5 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 14 through a welding bolt 11.
Preferably, the distance between the end parts of the beating knives III 10 and II 6 and the corresponding frame rails is 8-10 mm.
Preferably, the distance between the fixed striking knife i 5 and the fixed striking knife ii 13 on the left side wall of the casing 14 and the distance between the fixed striking knife ii 13 and the fixed striking knife i 5 on the right side wall of the casing 14 are the semicircular diameters of the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7.
Preferably, the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4 and stepping motors connected with the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4 are driven by a chain, and the rotating speed of the lower threshing roller I12 and the rotating speed of the lower threshing roller II 4 are fixed.
Preferably, the rotation direction of the upper threshing roller 2 is from left to right, the rotation direction of the lower threshing roller II 4 is from left to right, and the rotation direction of the lower threshing roller I12 is from right to left.
A threshing method of the speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a variable speed motor 8 and two other stepping motors according to different threshing quality indexes of tobacco leaves, setting rotating speeds according to experience, driving three threshing rollers to rotate, and after tobacco leaf materials enter a threshing device from a feeding port of the threshing device, shunting the tobacco leaf materials by an upper threshing roller 2 rotating from left to right and contacting with a threshing knife II 6, a threshing knife III 10, a fixed threshing knife I5 and a fixed threshing knife II 13 to realize primary threshing and tearing;
and 5, repeating the steps 1 to 4 until the threshing is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problems that the threshing machine in the prior art is limited by single feeding port and low feeding efficiency, and the threshing quality of the blades can not be improved by changing the rotating speed of the threshing roller. The invention is adopted. The tobacco leaf size dynamic control is realized by only carrying out dynamic closed-loop control under the action of the tobacco leaf detection system, the variable-speed multistage three-phase asynchronous motor and the upper threshing roller, the rotating speed of the upper threshing roller is dynamically adjusted to enable all indexes of the tobacco leaves to meet the standard, the tobacco leaf size dynamic control is realized, the threshing quality is not required to be changed by replacing the frame fence, the feeding efficiency is improved, the threshing time is saved, and the labor cost for replacing the frame fence is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the appearance of the main body of the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an exemplary blade inspection system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an upper threshing roller threshing knife according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a three-axis threshing roller mechanism of the embodiment.
The reference numbers in the figures are: the device comprises a striker plate-1, an upper threshing roller-2, a threshing knife I-3, a lower threshing roller II-4, a fixed threshing knife I-5, a threshing knife II-6, a right frame rail-7, a variable speed asynchronous motor-8, a left frame rail-9, a threshing knife III-10, a welding bolt-11, a lower threshing roller I-12, a fixed threshing knife II-13, a shell-14, a blade detection system-15, a camera-16, an image processing and control system-17, a light source-18 and wear-resistant layer blades 19.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, without however being limited to the following examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-4, a speed-regulating three-axis threshing device comprises a blade detection system 15, a shell 14, a striker plate 1 installed in the shell 14, an upper threshing roller 2, a threshing cutter i 3, a lower threshing roller ii 4, a fixed threshing cutter i 5, a threshing cutter ii 6, a right frame rail 7, a variable speed motor 8, a left frame rail 9, a threshing cutter iii 10, a lower threshing roller i 12 and a fixed threshing cutter ii 13; the blade detection system 15 comprises a light source 18, a camera 16, an image processing and control system 17;
the upper end of the shell 14 is provided with two feed inlets, the upper ends of the two feed inlets are separated by a baffle plate 1, the lower ends of the two feed inlets are provided with an upper threshing roller 2, the upper threshing roller 2 is provided with a plurality of threshing knives I3, the lower end of the upper threshing roller 2 is provided with a semicircular left frame rail 9 and a semicircular right frame rail 7 side by side, the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7 are respectively provided with a lower threshing roller I12 and a lower threshing roller II 4, the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4 are respectively connected with a stepping motor and are vertically staggered with the upper threshing roller 2 (namely the upper threshing roller 2 is arranged at the middle position above the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4), the peaks of two outer side ends of the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7 are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the shell 14, and fixed threshing knives I5 are respectively arranged at two contact points, the tops of two inner side ends of the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7 are connected together through a connecting plate, a fixed threshing knife II 13 is fixed on the connecting plate, a variable speed motor 8 is installed in the middle of the bottom of the shell 14 and connected with the upper threshing roller 2, a discharge hole is installed on one side of the bottom of the shell 14, a blade detection system 15 is installed at the discharge hole, a camera 16 is right opposite to the discharge hole, and the variable speed motor 8, the camera 16 and the stepping motor are all connected with an image processing and control system 17.
Further, the tip of the I3 of threshing on the upper threshing roller 2 is equipped with wearing layer 19, can effectively improve the life of the I3 of threshing through wearing layer 19.
Further, the wear-resistant layer 19 is made of boron nitride particles.
Furthermore, the variable-speed motor 8 adopts a variable-speed multistage three-phase asynchronous motor, the upper threshing roller 2 and the variable-speed motor 8 adopt chain transmission, the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4 and stepping motors connected with the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4 adopt chain transmission, and the rotating speeds of the lower threshing roller I12 and the lower threshing roller II 4 are fixed. The chain transmission structure is simple, and the transmission is stable.
Further, the camera 16 is an industrial camera, and the pictures are taken more clearly.
Furthermore, the fixed knife I5 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 14 through the welding bolt 11, and the connecting structure is simple.
Furthermore, the distance between the end parts of the beating knives III 10 and II 6 and the corresponding frame rails is 8-10mm, and a gap is slightly reserved, so that the rotation of the beating knives III 10 and II 6 is not influenced, and the blades can be fully scattered.
Further, the distance between the fixed knife I5 and the fixed knife II 13 on the left side wall of the shell 14 and the distance between the fixed knife II 13 and the fixed knife I5 on the right side wall of the shell 14 are the semi-circle diameters of the left frame rail 9 and the right frame rail 7.
Furthermore, the rotating direction of the upper threshing roller 2 is from left to right, the rotating direction of the lower threshing roller II 4 is from left to right, and the rotating direction of the lower threshing roller I12 is from right to left. Namely, the speed of the lower threshing roller II 4 and the lower threshing roller I12 is fixed and can not change, and the rotating directions of the lower threshing roller II 4 and the lower threshing roller I12 are opposite.
The rotating speed of the upper threshing roller 2 is changed through the control of the variable speed motor 8, and the threshing sheet shape is changed.
As shown in fig. 2, the blade detection system 15 can detect the shape and size of the tobacco material discharged from the material outlet in real time, and the image processing and control system 17 changes the rotation speed of the variable speed motor 8 according to the detected shape and size of the tobacco material in the material outlet, so as to change the rotation speed of the upper threshing roller 2, so that a large speed difference exists between the threshing knives iii 10 and ii 6 on the lower threshing roller i 12 and ii 4, between the threshing knives ii 6 and the left and right frames 9 and 7, and between the fixed threshing knives i 5 and ii 13, and finally the tearing force formed between the threshing rollers is changed, so that the threshing shape is changed.
A threshing method of the speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a variable speed motor 8 and two other stepping motors according to different threshing quality indexes of tobacco leaves, setting rotating speeds according to experience, driving three threshing rollers to rotate, and after tobacco leaf materials enter a threshing device from a feeding port of the threshing device, shunting the tobacco leaf materials by an upper threshing roller 2 rotating from left to right and contacting with a threshing knife II 6, a threshing knife III 10, a fixed threshing knife I5 and a fixed threshing knife II 13 to realize primary threshing and tearing;
and 5, repeating the steps 1 to 4 until the threshing is finished.
The specific adjustment in step 4 is as follows: if the large sheet rate of the tobacco leaves exceeds the standard, the image processing and control system 17 increases the rotating speed of the variable speed motor 8, so that the rotating speed of the upper threshing roller 2 is increased, and the tearing force is increased until the large sheet rate of the tobacco leaves is recovered to the designated index; if the fragment rate of the tobacco leaves exceeds the standard, the image processing and control system 17 can reduce the rotating speed of the variable speed motor 8, so that the rotating speed of the upper threshing roller 2 is properly reduced until the fragment rate of the tobacco leaves is recovered to the designated index.
The invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of the size of the blade by carrying out uninterrupted real-time detection, data transmission feedback and rotating speed adjustment of the threshing roller on the shape and the size of the blade material discharged from the discharge port. The double-feeding-port threshing machine has the advantages that the feeding speed of the threshing machine is increased, meanwhile, the three-shaft threshing roller system can improve threshing efficiency, and dynamic balance among threshing quality indexes can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the upper threshing roller. Therefore, the feeding efficiency of the threshing machine can be greatly improved, the threshing quality can be changed by automatically adjusting the rotating speed of the upper threshing roller, the time is saved, and the cost is saved.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a speed governing formula triaxial thresher which characterized in that: the device comprises a blade detection system (15), a shell (14), a striker plate (1) arranged in the shell (14), an upper threshing roller (2), a threshing cutter I (3), a lower threshing roller II (4), a fixed threshing cutter I (5), a threshing cutter II (6), a right frame rail (7), a variable speed motor (8), a left frame rail (9), a threshing cutter III (10), a lower threshing roller I (12) and a fixed threshing cutter II (13); the blade detection system (15) comprises a light source (18), a camera (16) and an image processing and control system (17);
the upper end of the shell (14) is provided with two feed inlets, the upper ends of the two feed inlets are separated by a baffle plate (1), the lower ends of the two feed inlets are provided with an upper threshing roller (2), the upper threshing roller (2) is provided with a plurality of threshing knives I (3), the lower end of the upper threshing roller (2) is provided with a semicircular left frame rail (9) and a semicircular right frame rail (7) side by side, the inner walls of the left frame rail (9) and the right frame rail (7) are respectively provided with a lower threshing roller I (12) and a lower threshing roller II (4), the inner walls of the left frame rail (9) and the right frame rail (7) are provided with a plurality of threshing knives III (10) on the lower threshing roller I (12), the lower threshing roller I (12) and the lower threshing roller II (4) are respectively connected with a stepping motor and are vertically staggered with the upper threshing roller (2), the peaks of the two outer side ends of the left frame rail (9) and the right frame rail (7) are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the shell (14), fixed knife I (5) are all installed to two contact points, left side frame fence (9), the top of two medial extremes of right frame fence (7) links together through the connecting plate, be fixed with fixed knife II (13) on the connecting plate, variable speed motor (8) are installed and are just connected with last threshing roller (2) in casing (14) bottom intermediate position, the one side in casing (14) bottom is installed to the discharge gate, blade detecting system (15) are installed and are just to the discharge gate in discharge gate department and camera (16), variable speed motor (8), camera (16), step motor all is connected with image processing and control system (17).
2. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 1, wherein: the end part of the threshing knife I (3) on the upper threshing roller (2) is provided with a wear-resistant layer (19).
3. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 2, wherein: the wear-resistant layer (19) is made of boron nitride particles.
4. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 1, wherein: the variable speed motor (8) adopts a variable speed multistage three-phase asynchronous motor, the upper threshing roller (2) and the variable speed motor (8) adopt chain transmission, the lower threshing roller I (12) and the lower threshing roller II (4) adopt chain transmission with step motors which are respectively connected, and the rotating speeds of the lower threshing roller I (12) and the lower threshing roller II (4) are fixed.
5. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 1, wherein: the camera (16) is an industrial camera.
6. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 1, wherein: the fixed knife I (5) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (14) through a welding bolt (11).
7. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 1, wherein: the distances between the ends of the beating knife III (10) and the beating knife II (6) and the corresponding frame rails are 8-10 mm.
8. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the fixed knife I (5) and the fixed knife II (13) on the left side wall of the shell (14) and the distance between the fixed knife II (13) and the fixed knife I (5) on the right side wall of the shell (14) are the semi-circle diameters of the left frame rail (9) and the right frame rail (7).
9. The adjustable speed three-axis thresher of claim 1, wherein: a speed-regulated three-axis thresher according to claim 1 wherein: the rotating direction of the upper threshing roller (2) is from left to right, the rotating direction of the lower threshing roller II (4) is from left to right, and the rotating direction of the lower threshing roller I (12) is from right to left.
10. A threshing method of the speed-regulating three-axis thresher of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a variable speed motor (8) and two other stepping motors according to different threshing quality indexes of tobacco leaves, setting rotating speeds according to experience, driving three threshing rollers to rotate, and after tobacco leaf materials enter a threshing device from a feeding port of the threshing device, shunting the tobacco leaf materials by an upper threshing roller (2) rotating from left to right and contacting with a threshing knife II (6), a threshing knife III (10), a fixed threshing knife I (5) and a fixed threshing knife II (13) to realize primary threshing and tearing;
step 2, the fragments after preliminary threshing fall onto two lower threshing rollers under the action of centrifugal force under the rotation of the upper threshing roller (2), the tobacco leaves preliminarily crushed at the left side fall onto a lower threshing roller I (12), the tobacco leaves preliminarily crushed at the right side fall onto a lower threshing roller II (4), a certain force is generated to act on the preliminary threshing rollers due to the fact that a great speed difference exists between a threshing knife III (10) and a threshing knife II (6) on the lower threshing roller I (12) and the lower threshing roller II (4), a left frame rail (9), a right frame rail (7), a fixed threshing knife I (5) and a fixed threshing knife II (13), and the edges at the openings of the right frame rail (7) and the left frame rail (9) and the fixed threshing knife I (5) tear the leaves from the stems;
step 3, when the external dimensions of the torn leaves, stems and leaf strips are smaller than the dimensions of the gaps in the left frame rail (9) and the right frame rail (7), the torn leaves, stems and leaf strips fall from the gaps and are discharged from a discharge hole at the lower part of the shell (14);
step 4, a camera (16) in the leaf detection system (15) shoots the shape and size of the tobacco leaves discharged from the discharge hole in real time and transmits the shot pictures to an image processing and control system (17), and the image processing and control system (17) automatically adjusts the rotating speed of a variable speed motor (8) according to the specified size of the structural index of the leaves, so that the rotating speed of an upper threshing roller (2) is changed, the dynamic adjustment of the shape and size of the tobacco leaves is realized, and the final size of the leaves is changed;
and 5, repeating the steps (1) to (4) until the threshing is finished.
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| CN202011011858.XA CN112120273A (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device and threshing method thereof |
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| CN202011011858.XA CN112120273A (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Speed-regulating type three-shaft threshing device and threshing method thereof |
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| CN113349401A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-07 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Multifunctional tobacco leaf threshing and redrying knife structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113349401A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-07 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Multifunctional tobacco leaf threshing and redrying knife structure |
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