CN112120266B - Processing method of three-class or four-class cigarette leaf group formula - Google Patents
Processing method of three-class or four-class cigarette leaf group formula Download PDFInfo
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- CN112120266B CN112120266B CN202010869404.XA CN202010869404A CN112120266B CN 112120266 B CN112120266 B CN 112120266B CN 202010869404 A CN202010869404 A CN 202010869404A CN 112120266 B CN112120266 B CN 112120266B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/08—Blending tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/16—Classifying or aligning leaves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/06—Preparation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/72—Mass spectrometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N2030/042—Standards
- G01N2030/045—Standards internal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/06—Preparation
- G01N2030/062—Preparation extracting sample from raw material
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of a three-class or four-class cigarette leaf group formula, which comprises the following steps: (1) establishing a database of the yield of the volatile oil of the single tobacco and the total amount of benzyl alcohol and beta-phenethyl alcohol; (2) grouping the tobacco leaves; (3) grouping according to the formula of the cigarette leaf group; (4) adding materials and perfuming. The patent breakthroughs the judgment standard of the tobacco leaf quality by adopting the volatile oil yield and the total amount of benzyl alcohol and beta-phenylethyl alcohol, selects the detection results of the tobacco leaves of various grades aged for 6 months as a reference sample, classifies the tobacco leaves in groups according to the change condition of the main aroma substance content of the tobacco leaves in the storage process, and selects a sheet line, an airflow line or a redrying pretreatment to improve the tobacco leaf quality. According to the processing method, different quality-improving agents, different tobacco leaf treatment processes and parameters can be selected according to different tobacco leaf qualities, so that the tobacco leaf qualities are improved, and certain operability and flexibility are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly relates to a processing method of a leaf group formula of three or four types of cigarette tobacco leaves.
Background
The third or fourth type of cigarette leaf formulation refers to a leaf formulation mainly comprising most of tobacco leaves with common or poor quality, wherein the tobacco leaves with low quality comprise aged tobacco leaves, tobacco leaves with poor quality of real estate, moldy tobacco leaves and the like. The tobacco leaves have less aroma and obvious stimulation of offensive odor during smoking evaluation, and part of the tobacco leaves can have sour taste and strange odor, so that the application value of the tobacco leaves in cigarettes is reduced. Since the quality of the tobacco leaves is further reduced due to the long-term continuous storage of the tobacco leaves, not to mention the tobacco leaves with poor quality, finding a simple and convenient method is very important for screening and grading the old tobacco leaves with poor quality and the like. The Schenkek value, the sugar-base ratio and the sugar-nitrogen ratio are popular methods for evaluating the quality of tobacco leaves at present, but in the practical application of evaluating the long-age tobacco leaves, in addition to the loss of sugar in the long-time storage process of the tobacco leaves, the loss of volatile tobacco flavor substances, mildew and the like are considered, so most tobacco industry companies carry out classification by sensory evaluation, the efficiency is low, and the evaluation is subjective.
The tobacco volatile oil is the main flavor component of tobacco leaves and comprises volatile acids, alcohols, carbonyl compounds, esters, heterocyclic chemicals and the like, wherein benzyl alcohol has weak pleasant fragrance. Is contained in jasmine oil and tuberose oil. The beta-phenethyl alcohol exists in a plurality of essential oils in a free state, such as rose oil, clove oil, geranium oil and neroli oil, and can be widely used for preparing perfume essence and tobacco essence. Increasing sweet, nut fragrance, spicy fragrance, and rose fragrance. Benzyl alcohol and beta-phenylethyl alcohol are main aroma substances in the flue-cured tobacco volatile oil, and generally, the concentration of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenylethyl alcohol is continuously increased in the first 6 months of tobacco leaf aging, and is continuously reduced.
The treatment of low-quality tobacco leaves, particularly long-term tobacco leaves, is one of the difficulties which plague various tobacco industry companies, and the tobacco leaves are mainly used for three-type or four-type cigarettes, so that the conventional tobacco leaf processing technology is often not suitable for treating the tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves are stored in the last 3 years or so, the smoke quality is improved mainly through the aging effect of the tobacco leaves, and along with the prolonging of the storage time, the tobacco leaves are reduced in quality due to the volatilization of flavor components and excessive consumption of saccharides, are easy to crush, and the availability is reduced year by year, so that the smoking quality of the three-type or four-type cigarettes is not reduced while the virtuous cycle of the low-availability tobacco leaves is formed, and the method is an important reality in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The patent breakthroughs the judgment standard of the tobacco leaf quality by adopting the volatile oil yield and the total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol. Because the concentration of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol starts to be continuously reduced after the total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is aged for 6 months, the detection result of each grade of tobacco leaves aged for 6 months is selected as a reference sample, so that the tobacco leaves of different grades have independent reference objects, the grouping classification of the change situation of the main flavor substance content of the tobacco leaves in the storage process is favorably realized, the feasibility is high, and the grouping reason is more reasonable.
In addition, for the treatment of low-quality tobacco leaves, the quality of the tobacco leaves is improved by adding a quality-improving agent and a tobacco shred pretreatment mode in consideration of the problems of transportation and timeliness caused by secondary redrying. According to the tobacco leaf grading result, a thin plate line or an airflow line is selected, the tobacco leaf drying time and the tobacco leaf drying temperature can be adjusted according to different tobacco leaf qualities, and the operability is high.
Generally speaking, the use proportion of low-quality tobacco leaves in three or four types of cigarette tobacco leaf formulas is 30-70%, the invention adds the quality-improving preparation to the tobacco leaves (tobacco leaves B, C and D), then the tobacco leaves are processed on the tobacco shred manufacturing line, the tobacco shred manufacturing line is further processed together with the tobacco leaves A with better quality in the tobacco leaf formula, the tobacco shred manufacturing line is mixed with the expanded tobacco shreds and the cut stems according to the proportion of the tobacco leaf formula after the processes of moisture regain, feeding and shredding, the tobacco shred is flavored, and the tobacco shred is fed into a shred storage cabinet, so that the fed and flavored leaf group with the full formula is obtained.
Specifically, the invention provides a processing method of a three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula, which comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a database, and completing sampling and detection of single cigarettes of each grade after a new cigarette is put into a tobacco sheet warehouse and aged for 6 months, wherein detection indexes comprise volatile oil yield, total amount of benzyl alcohol and beta-phenylethyl alcohol, and the results are respectively X0 and Y0.
And secondly, grouping the tobacco leaves, and detecting the volatile oil yield, the total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol again before use when the single tobacco leaves with the storage year of more than 3 years appear in the leaf group formula, wherein the results are respectively named as X1 and Y1. Grouping the tobacco leaves according to the comparison results of X1 and Y1 with X0 and Y0:
a. when X1 is more than 0.9X0 and Y1 is more than 0.9Y 0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be type A;
b. when X1 is more than 0.9X0, 0.75Y0 is less than Y1 and less than 0.9Y 0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in B type;
c. when X1 is more than 0.9X0 and Y1 is less than 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be the C type;
d. when 0.8X0< X1<0.9X0 and Y1> 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in B type;
e. when 0.8X0< X1<0.9X0 and Y1< 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in C class;
f. when the yield X1 of the volatile oil is less than 0.8X0 or the tobacco leaves with mildew and mildew taste, positioning the D types of the tobacco leaves;
step three, during cigarette production, classifying the tobacco leaves in the leaf group formula according to the feeding proportion according to the cigarette leaf group formula, and carrying out grading treatment:
A. the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preprocessing the tobacco leaves B, wherein the preprocessing method comprises the following steps: and (3) after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading preparation B, and moving a sheet wire or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 12-17%, and storing for later use.
B. The pretreatment is carried out on the C-type tobacco leaves, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: and (3) after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading preparation C, and moving a sheet wire or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 12-17%, and storing for later use.
C. And (3) preprocessing the D-type tobacco leaves, wherein the preprocessing method refers to preprocessing the C-type tobacco leaves or baking the C-type tobacco leaves in a redrying plant.
D.A type tobacco leaves were not pre-treated.
And step four, feeding the tobacco leaves A, uniformly mixing the tobacco leaves A with the tobacco leaves B, C and D pretreated in the step three according to a formula ratio, adding sugar after moisture regaining, shredding, feeding thin plate lines, drying, adding slices, perfuming and storing the cut tobacco.
According to the method, the operations of adding the quality-improving preparation to the leaves and drying the leaves are adopted when B-type tobacco leaves, C-type tobacco leaves and D-type tobacco leaves are pretreated, so that excessive treatment of the tobacco leaves caused by entering a second tobacco-making line after shredding is avoided, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is guaranteed; on the other hand, secondary tobacco shred feeding is avoided, and compared with tobacco shreds, the tobacco shred feeding can reduce the probability of agglomeration and caking of the tobacco shreds, and the tobacco shred forming rate and the filling value are higher. After pretreatment, two groups of tobacco leaves need to go through a thin plate line again, and experimental research shows that the drying operation controls the water content of the leaves to be optimal at 15-17%, the treatment is mild, the flexibility of the tobacco leaves is kept, and the drying effect is lower than 15-17% when the tobacco leaves are dried to 12-13%. Therefore, the water content of the blade is preferably controlled to be 15-17%.
The volatile oil extraction adopts a simultaneous distillation extraction method, and the yield of the volatile oil is calculated after the volatile oil is collected by dichloromethane or normal hexane and the solvent is removed by evaporation and concentration.
The total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is obtained according to GC-MS detection and is quantified by an internal standard method.
The standard of the tobacco grouping is obtained through long-time experimental data accumulation and analysis, generally speaking, the yields of volatile oil extraction of tobacco leaves in different grades and different production places are different and have larger difference, but the exception is the rising and falling trend of the yield of the volatile oil, the yield of the volatile oil is probably firstly increased by 1-3 years due to the aging effect, then the yield of the volatile oil begins to fall along with the increase of time, and meanwhile, the main characteristic aroma substances in the volatile oil are also the same (such as the total amount of benzyl alcohol and beta-phenethyl alcohol). According to the sensory evaluation result and detection data, the tobacco leaves with common quality are analyzed and obtained, the yield of volatile oil of the tobacco leaves with common quality begins to decrease after the tobacco leaves are stored for 2-3 years, the yield still can reach more than 90% X0, the tobacco leaves can be classified into tobacco leaves A, the tobacco leaves begin to remarkably decrease after the tobacco leaves are continuously stored for 4-5 years, and at the moment, the tobacco leaves are classified into tobacco leaves B and even C. Therefore, the method provided by the patent requires a continuous accumulation of detection work.
It should be noted that the classification method in the invention is established on the basis of combining sensory evaluation and chemical analysis, and the tobacco grouping is determined by 2 indexes together. Because some tobacco leaves have the total content of benzyl alcohol and beta-phenethyl alcohol of more than 75 percent although the yield of the volatile oil is less than 90 percent, the tobacco leaves can be classified as B class, and the classification result of the method is basically consistent with the sensory evaluation result.
The volatile oil is extracted by adopting a simultaneous distillation extraction method, and after the volatile oil is collected by dichloromethane or normal hexane, the solvent is removed by evaporation and concentration, and then weighing and counting are carried out. Meanwhile, in distillation extraction equipment, a 50ml flask is adopted at a volatile oil collecting end, and 20ml of dichloromethane or n-hexane is added into the volatile oil collecting end; and (3) adding zeolite and 200g of tobacco powder into a 500-1000 ml flask at the tobacco leaf extraction end, and heating the flask to boil for 4 hours for extraction.
The total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is obtained according to GC-MS detection and is quantified by an internal standard method.
The quality-improving preparation B consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.01-0.05% of medlar extract, 0.01-0.05% of Chinese date extract, 0.01-0.05% of tomato extract, 0.01-0.05% of lysimachia foenum-graecum absolute oil, 0.005-0.02% of buchu leaf oil, 0.01-1% of high fructose corn syrup, 0.01-0.2% of molasses extract, 0.01-0.2% of orchids tincture, 0.01-0.05% of laccase, 0.001-0.01% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.01-0.05% of 2,3, 5-trimethyl pyrazine and propylene glycol and water as solvents.
The quality-improving preparation C consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.01-0.05% of medlar extract, 0.01-0.05% of Chinese date extract, 0.01-0.05% of Peru extract, 0.01-0.05% of 10% guaiacum oil, 0.005-0.02% of bitter fenugreek oil, 0.01-1% of high fructose corn syrup, 0.01-0.2% of molasses extract, 0.01-0.05% of laccase, 0.001-0.01% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.03% of p-methoxyacetophenone, 0-0.05% of flavourzyme, 0-0.05% of rush amylase, 0-0.02% of lipase, 0-0.02% of beta-glucosidase, propylene glycol and water as solvents.
In the third step, the operations of adding a quality-improving preparation to the tobacco leaves B, C and D and drying the tobacco leaves are adopted, aiming at removing the strange taste, sourness and musty taste in the tobacco leaves, adding saccharides, hydrolyzed proteins and the like, and improving the tobacco fragrance through the operation of a silk-making line; after pretreatment, two groups of tobacco leaves need to go through a thin plate line again, and experimental research shows that the drying operation controls the water content of the leaves to be the best 15-17%, and the effect of drying to 12-13% is not as good as 15-17%. Therefore, the water content of the leaves is preferably controlled to be 15-17%.
The processing method of the three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula is characterized in that the cut tobacco drying process of the sheet line is about 135-145 ℃ for 5-10 min.
The processing method of the three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula is characterized in that the cut tobacco drying process of the airflow line is about 220-300 ℃ for 8-12 s.
The differentiated upgrading agent B and upgrading agent C adopted by the patent are processed aiming at different types of aged tobacco leaves. The main problems of the B-type tobacco leaves are that the degradation of saccharides and the loss of volatile components cause the reduction of tobacco aroma, and the quality of the B-type tobacco leaves is between the A-type tobacco leaves and the C-type tobacco leaves. The main problems of the C-type tobacco leaves are that the storage time is too long, the sourness and the strange taste are caused, the filling value of the C-type tobacco leaves is poor, and the C-type tobacco leaves are easy to break. The D-type tobacco leaf is moldy tobacco leaf. Therefore, the quality improving preparation B is mainly supplemented with saccharides and tobacco or flavor substances similar to tobacco, and the laccase is mainly added for reducing the wood gas of the tobacco, so that the treatment proposal of the quality improving preparation B is relatively mild, and sheet line pretreatment is adopted, and the temperature is 135-145 ℃; in the quality improving preparation C, except for supplementing carbohydrate and flavor substances of tobacco or similar tobacco, the flavourzyme is mainly used for decomposing tobacco protein and improving the sugar nitrogen ratio, decomposed free amino acid can generate Maillard reaction in the tobacco shred drying process to improve the tobacco flavor, and the lipase is mainly used for catalyzing sour substances such as acetic acid, lactic acid and the like generated by long-term storage of old tobacco leaves to be esterified into organic acid ester flavor substances to balance the sour strange flavor caused by the old tobacco leaves, and the airflow line treatment is recommended. The temperature of the airflow line is higher than that of a thin plate line, generally 220-300 ℃ for 8-10 s, and experiments prove that the mildew taste of the tobacco leaves can be effectively removed, so the C-type and D-type tobacco leaves with the worst quality are generally treated by the airflow line. Most of the D-type tobacco leaves can be treated by airflow lines, the treatment time is slightly longer than that of the C-type tobacco leaves, 8-12s, and other D-type tobacco leaves are recommended to enter a redrying plant for redrying.
The D-type tobacco leaves can be generally solved through an air flow line, and in addition, the aroma loss is excessive due to overlong storage years and the air flow line treatment effect in a short time is not obvious, so that the D-type tobacco leaves can selectively enter a redrying plant for redrying, and the redrying temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃. Generally, the final moisture content of the tobacco leaf treatment of the air flow line is 12-12.5%, and for the treatment of the tobacco leaf D type, when the tobacco leaf is dried, considering that the breakage rate is high, the tobacco leaf is recommended to be dried until the moisture content is 13%. The tobacco leaves can also be used as filler, the D-type tobacco leaves are pretreated, after being remoistened and shredded, the quality-improving agent C is added, an air-passing streamline is adopted, and the tobacco shreds are dried until the moisture content is about 12.5-13%, and are stored for later use. During the tobacco shred making, the tobacco leaves of A class are fed, after being remoistened and shredded, the tobacco leaves are mixed with the tobacco leaves of B class, C class and D class which are pretreated according to the proportion of the formula, sugar is added, the tobacco shreds are cut, the thin plate threads are moved, the tobacco shreds are dried, the thin plates are mixed, the flavor is added, and the tobacco shreds are stored.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The leaf group formula of three types of LS cigarette is selected for example, wherein 24 single-material cigarettes with different grades exist, specifically, as shown in Table 1, according to the tobacco grouping of the invention, 14 single-material cigarettes are the tobacco leaves with the storage year exceeding 3 years, wherein 6B type tobacco leaves, 3C type tobacco leaves, 2D type tobacco leaves and 3A type tobacco leaves exist. The balance of 10A-type tobacco leaves and thin slices. The conventional sheet wire in the industry is adopted to process and manufacture the silk, so that the conventional sheet wire is not listed in the specification. In addition, the flakes belong to the group of the reference fillers.
TABLE 1 tobacco leaf formulation of LS specifications and chemical index conditions related to each grade of single tobacco
Taking a single tobacco grade in A, B, C, D four types of tobacco leaves in the LS tobacco group formula as a representative, and observing the difference between the classification standard of the invention and the actual sensory evaluation. From table 2, it can be known that the tobacco leaf quality of yunnan qujing terrestris mixed C2F 2014 is in a slow rising trend from 2015 to 2016, and then gradually decreases with the increase of years, and in 2020, the tobacco leaf is reduced from class a to class B according to the tobacco leaf class B classification standard (0.8X0< X1<0.9X0, Y1> 0.75Y 0), which is consistent with the sensory evaluation result. The same is true for the other 3 kinds of single cigarette, which are not described in detail herein.
TABLE 2 representative individual cigarette grades of LS standard cigarettes contain X1, Y1, and cigarette flavor quality changes with time
Note: the more "+" indicates the functional effect, the better the functional effect
LS tobacco leaf group formulas in the table 1 are adopted for processing, the LS tobacco leaf group cut tobacco which is not prepared by adopting a grouping processing technology is adopted in the comparative example 1, the LS tobacco leaf group cut tobacco which is prepared by adopting the technology provided by the invention is adopted in the examples 2-4, and finally, the LS tobacco leaf group cut tobacco is evaluated one by adopting a sensory evaluation method.
Comparative example 1
Processing single-material cigarettes of all formulas in the LS leaf group through an industry conventional sheet line, adding materials (sugar materials), drying until the moisture content is 12.5%, mixing with sheets according to a ratio, perfuming, and drying the cut tobacco for 8min at 140 ℃.
Example 2
A processing method of a three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a database, and completing sampling and detection of single cigarettes of each grade after a new cigarette is put into a tobacco sheet warehouse and aged for 6 months, wherein detection indexes comprise volatile oil yield, total amount of benzyl alcohol and beta-phenylethyl alcohol, and the results are respectively X0 and Y0.
And step two, when the single cigarette with the storage year more than 3 years appears in the leaf group formula, the volatile oil yield, the total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol are detected again before use, and the results are named as X1 and Y1 respectively. Grouping the tobacco leaves according to the comparison results of X1 and Y1 with X0 and Y0:
a. when X1 is more than 0.9X0 and Y1 is more than 0.9Y 0, the tobacco leaves are identified as type A.
b. When X1 is more than 0.9X0, 0.75Y0 is less than Y1 and less than 0.9Y 0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in B type;
c. when X1 is more than 0.9X0 and Y1 is less than 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be the C type;
d. when 0.8X0< X1<0.9X0 and Y1> 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in B type;
e. when 0.8X0< X1<0.9X0 and Y1< 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in C class;
f. when the yield of the volatile oil is X1 to be less than 0.8X0 or the tobacco leaves with mildew taste are determined as the D type tobacco leaves;
the 24 different grades of individual cigarettes were tested and grouped according to the method of steps one and two above, the specific method and results are given in example 1.
Step three, during cigarette production, classifying the tobacco leaves in the leaf group formula according to the feeding proportion according to the cigarette leaf group formula, and carrying out grading treatment:
A. the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preprocessing the tobacco leaves B, wherein the preprocessing method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading preparation B, and moving a sheet line or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 16%, and storing for later use.
B. The pretreatment is carried out on the C-type tobacco leaves, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading agent C, and moving a sheet line or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 16%, and storing for later use.
C. And (4) preprocessing the D-type tobacco leaves according to the C-type tobacco leaves.
D.A type tobacco leaves were not pre-treated.
Feeding tobacco leaves A, uniformly mixing the tobacco leaves A with pretreated B, C and D tobacco leaves according to a formula ratio, dampening, adding sugar, shredding, feeding thin plate lines, drying cut tobacco, adding slices, perfuming and storing cut tobacco.
The volatile oil extraction adopts a simultaneous distillation extraction method, and the volatile oil yield is calculated after the volatile oil is collected by a dichloromethane solvent and the solvent is removed through evaporation and concentration.
The total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is obtained according to GC-MS detection and is quantified by an internal standard method.
The quality-improving preparation B consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.05% of medlar extract, 0.05% of Chinese date extract, 0.01% of tomato extract, 0.01% of lysimachia foenum-graecum absolute oil, 0.005% of burkholding leaf oil, 1% of fructose-glucose syrup, 0.1% of molasses extract, 0.01% of tree orchid tincture, 0.05% of laccase, 0.01% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.01% of 2,3, 5-trimethyl pyrazine, propylene glycol and water as solvents.
The quality-improving preparation C consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.05% of medlar extract, 0.05% of jujube extract, 0.05% of Peru extract, 0.01% of guaiac oil with 10%, 0.02% of fenugreek oil, 0.5% of fructose-glucose syrup, 0.1% of molasses extract, 0.01% of laccase, 0.005% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.03% of p-methoxyacetophenone, 0.05% of flavourzyme, 0.05% of rush amylase, 0.02% of lipase, 0.02% of beta-glucosidase, propylene glycol and water as solvents.
The cut tobacco drying process of the thin plate wire is about 135 ℃ for 8 min. The cut tobacco drying process of the airflow line is about 260 ℃ for 8 s. And rolling the tobacco leaf formula into cigarettes by a cigarette making machine.
Example 3
A processing method of a three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula comprises the following steps:
step one, the same as example 2.
Step two, the same as example 2;
the 24 different grades of individual cigarettes were tested and grouped according to the method of steps one and two above, the specific method and results are given in example 1.
Step three, during cigarette production, classifying the tobacco leaves in the leaf group formula according to the feeding proportion according to the cigarette leaf group formula, and carrying out grading treatment:
A. the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preprocessing the tobacco leaves B, wherein the preprocessing method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading preparation B, and moving a sheet line or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 12.5%, and storing for later use.
B. The pretreatment is carried out on the C-type tobacco leaves, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading agent C, and then, moving a sheet line or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 12.5%, and storing for later use.
C. And (4) preprocessing the D-type tobacco leaves according to the C-type tobacco leaves.
D.A type tobacco leaves were not pre-treated.
Step four, the same as example 2.
The volatile oil extraction adopts a simultaneous distillation extraction method, and the volatile oil yield is calculated after the volatile oil is collected by a dichloromethane solvent and the solvent is removed through evaporation and concentration.
The total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is obtained according to GC-MS detection and is quantified by an internal standard method.
The upgrading agent B and the upgrading agent C are the same as in example 2.
The cut tobacco drying process of the thin plate wire is about 135 ℃ for 8 min. The cut tobacco drying process of the airflow line is about 220 ℃ for 12 s. And rolling the tobacco leaf formula into cigarettes by a cigarette making machine.
Example 4
A processing method of a three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula comprises the following steps:
step one, the same as example 2.
Step two, the same as example 2;
the 24 different grades of individual cigarettes were tested and grouped according to the method of steps one and two above, the specific method and results are given in example 1.
Step three, during cigarette production, classifying the tobacco leaves in the leaf group formula according to the feeding proportion according to the cigarette leaf group formula, and carrying out grading treatment:
A. pretreating the tobacco leaves B, adding an upgrading preparation B after the leaves are remoistened, and drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 15% by passing through a sheet line or an airflow line for storage and standby.
B. Pretreating the tobacco leaves C, adding an upgrading preparation C after the leaves are remoistened, and drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 15% by passing through a sheet line or an airflow line for storage and standby.
C. And (3) preprocessing the tobacco D, adding the quality-improving preparation C, and then baking in a redrying plant, wherein the temperature of the redrying is controlled to be 80-90 ℃.
D.A type tobacco leaves were not pre-treated.
Step four, the same as example 2.
The volatile oil extraction adopts a simultaneous distillation extraction method, and the yield of the volatile oil is calculated after the volatile oil is collected by using a normal hexane solvent and the solvent is removed through evaporation and concentration.
The total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is obtained according to GC-MS detection and is quantified by an internal standard method.
The upgrading agent B and the upgrading agent C are the same as in example 2.
The cut tobacco drying process of the thin plate wire is about 135 ℃ for 8 min. The cut tobacco drying process of the airflow line is about 260 ℃ for 8 s. And rolling the tobacco leaf formula into cigarettes by a cigarette making machine.
Example 5
The processing method of the three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula comprises the following steps:
step one, the same as example 2.
Step two, the same as example 2;
the 24 different grades of individual cigarettes were tested and grouped according to the method of steps one and two above, the specific method and results are given in example 1.
Step three, during cigarette production, classifying the tobacco leaves in the leaf group formula according to the feeding proportion according to the cigarette leaf group formula, and carrying out grading treatment:
A. the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preprocessing the tobacco leaves B, wherein the preprocessing method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding a quality-improving preparation B, and moving a sheet line or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 15%, and storing for later use.
B. The pretreatment is carried out on the C-type tobacco leaves, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading preparation C, and moving a sheet line or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 15%, and storing for later use.
C. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preprocessing the D-type tobacco leaves: after moisture regaining and shredding, adding a quality improving agent C, passing through an air flow line, drying the shreds until the moisture content is about 12.5-13%, and storing for later use.
Step four, the same as example 2.
The volatile oil extraction adopts a simultaneous distillation extraction method, and the yield of the volatile oil is calculated after the volatile oil is collected by using a normal hexane solvent and the solvent is removed through evaporation and concentration.
The total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is obtained according to GC-MS detection and is quantified by an internal standard method.
The upgrading agent B and the upgrading agent C are the same as in example 2.
The cut tobacco drying process of the thin plate wire is about 140 ℃ for 8 min. The cut tobacco drying process of the airflow line is about 220 ℃ for 12 s. And rolling the tobacco leaf formula into cigarettes by a cigarette making machine.
Comparative example 2
The processing method is the same as that of the example 2, and is different from the quality-improving preparation C, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the quality-improving preparation C consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.05% of medlar extract, 0.05% of jujube extract, 0.05% of Peru extract, 0.01% of guaiac oil with 10%, 0.02% of fenugreek oil, 0.5% of fructose-glucose syrup, 0.1% of molasses extract, 0.005% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.02% of peaked amylase, 0.03% of p-methoxyacetophenone, 0.05% of flavourzyme, propylene glycol and water as solvents.
Example 6
The processing method is different from the example 2 in the quality-improving preparation C, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the quality-improving preparation C consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.05% of medlar extract, 0.05% of jujube extract, 0.05% of Peru extract, 0.01% of guaiac oil with 10%, 0.02% of bitter abamectin, 0.5% of fructose-glucose syrup, 0.1% of molasses extract, 0.01% of laccase, 0.005% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.03% of p-methoxyacetophenone, 0.02% of lipase, 0.02% of beta-glucosidase, propylene glycol and water as solvents.
Comparative example 3
The processing method is different from the example 2 in the quality-improving preparation C, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the quality-improving preparation C consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.05% of medlar extract, 0.05% of jujube extract, 0.05% of Peru extract, 0.01% of guaiac oil with 10%, 0.02% of fenugreek oil, 0.5% of fructose syrup, 0.1% of molasses extract, 0.005% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.03% of p-methoxyacetophenone, and propylene glycol and water as solvents.
Comparative example 4
The processing method is different from the example 2 in the quality-improving preparation C, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the quality-improving preparation C consists of the following substances (based on the mass of tobacco leaves): 0.05% of medlar extract, 0.05% of jujube extract, 0.05% of Peru extract, 0.5% of high fructose corn syrup, 0.1% of molasses extract, 0.02% of peaked amylase, 0.05% of flavourzyme, and propylene glycol and water as solvents.
TABLE 3 statistical Table for sensory evaluation of LS leaf group in test example
From the results of Table 3, it is understood that the treatment effects of examples 2 and 4 are optimum,
the main reasons are that:
(1) through the grouping processing, the tobacco leaves with different grades are processed by different processes, the tobacco leaves with sourness, strange taste and musty taste are generally C, D-class tobacco leaves, the taste is difficult to eliminate through the common sheet processing, and therefore, the tobacco leaves are processed by an airflow line. The common airflow line is generally processed at 220 ℃ for 12s, and then the temperature is raised, which is not beneficial to the fragrance of the tobacco leaves. However, for C, D types of tobacco leaves, if the tobacco fragrance is not enough, the selection needs to be made, and the comparison between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 5 shows that the effect of raising the temperature is obvious for eliminating the strange taste, and the quality of the overall tobacco fragrance of the cigarette leaf group is basically not influenced.
(2) The experimental results of examples 3 and 5 show that the water content of the pretreatment of the tobacco leaves B and C is preferably controlled to 15-17%, and the effect is slightly inferior to that of 15-17% when the pretreatment is carried out to 12.5% in example 3 and then the second feeding and the cut tobacco drying are carried out.
(3) As is clear from examples 2 and 4, the results of sensory evaluation on the whole cigarettes were not significantly affected by the secondary redrying and airflow line treatment of the D-type tobacco leaves, and selection from practical conditions such as cost and treatment efficiency was required. However, it was found that both the aroma quality and the off-flavor stimulation were significantly improved compared to comparative example 1, while the off-flavor of the sourness in the leaf group due to the low availability tobacco leaves stored for too long time was substantially eliminated.
(4) The lipase can catalyze the incompatible acetic acid, lactic acid and the like in the long-term tobacco leaves to be converted into organic acid esters which are positively correlated to the cigarette aroma, and has certain help effect on reducing the sour and strange taste of the tobacco shreds. The protease can hydrolyze partial protein in the tobacco leaves to form free amino acid, and the free amino acid and the newly added carbohydrate are subjected to Maillard flavor production in the cut tobacco drying process, and meanwhile, the sugar-nitrogen ratio of the tobacco leaves is balanced, so that the protease plays a certain role in reducing the stimulation of miscellaneous gas of the cigarette leaf group. Beta-glucosidase has some utility for the release of precursor substances for some cigarettes. These can be derived from a comparison of example 2 and comparative example 2, example 6 and comparative example 3.
(5) For quality-improving preparation, the preparation consists of an aroma-enhancing and sweetening module, an impurity-removing module and a biological enzyme module, and the selection and compatibility of essence and flavor are also crucial to the improvement of the leaf composition formula, for example, in comparative example 4, after 0.01% of guaiac oil, 0.01% of fenugreek oil, 2-acetyl pyrrole and p-methoxyacetophenone are lacked, the overall aroma quality and the miscellaneous gas stimulation of the leaf composition formula are affected.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which falls within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A processing method of a three-type or four-type cigarette leaf group formula is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, establishing a database, and completing sampling and detection of single cigarettes of all grades after new cigarettes are put into a tobacco strip warehouse and aged for 6 months, wherein detection indexes comprise volatile oil yield, total amount of benzyl alcohol and beta-phenylethyl alcohol, a detection result of the volatile oil yield is named as X0, and a detection result of the total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenylethyl alcohol is named as Y0;
grouping the tobacco leaves, detecting the volatile oil yield and the total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol of the single tobacco when the single tobacco with the storage year of more than 3 years appears in the leaf group formula again before use, wherein the detection result of the volatile oil yield is named as X1, the detection result of the total amount of the benzyl alcohol and the beta-phenethyl alcohol is named as Y1, and grouping the tobacco leaves according to the comparison results of X1 and Y1 and X0 and Y0:
a. when X1 is more than 0.9X0 and Y1 is more than 0.9Y 0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be type A;
b. when X1 is more than 0.9X0, 0.75Y0 is less than Y1 and less than 0.9Y 0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in B type;
c. when X1 is more than 0.9X0 and Y1 is less than 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be the C type;
d. when 0.8X0< X1<0.9X0 and Y1> 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in B type;
e. when 0.8X0< X1<0.9X0 and Y1< 0.75Y0, the tobacco leaves are determined to be in C class;
f. when the yield of the volatile oil is X1 to be less than 0.8X0 or the tobacco leaves with mildew taste are determined as the D type tobacco leaves;
step three, during cigarette production, classifying the tobacco leaves in the leaf group formula according to the feeding proportion according to the cigarette leaf group formula, and carrying out grading treatment:
A. the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preprocessing the tobacco leaves B, wherein the preprocessing method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding a quality improving preparation B, and moving a sheet wire or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 12-17%, and storing for later use;
B. the pretreatment is carried out on the C-type tobacco leaves, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: after the leaves are remoistened, adding an upgrading preparation C, and moving a sheet line or an airflow line, drying the tobacco leaves until the moisture content is 12-17%, and storing for later use;
C. preprocessing the D-type tobacco leaves, wherein the preprocessing method refers to preprocessing the C-type tobacco leaves or baking the C-type tobacco leaves in a redrying plant;
D. the A-type tobacco leaves are not pretreated;
step four, feeding tobacco leaves A, uniformly mixing the tobacco leaves A with the tobacco leaves B, C and D pretreated in the step three according to a formula ratio, adding sugar after moisture regain, shredding, feeding thin plate lines, drying cut tobacco, adding slices, perfuming and storing the cut tobacco;
wherein, the cut tobacco drying process of the sheet wire in the third step and the fourth step is 135-145 ℃ for 5-10 min;
the cut tobacco drying process of the airflow line in the third step is carried out at 220-300 ℃ for 8-12 s;
the quality-improving preparation B in the third step is based on the quality of tobacco leaves and comprises the following substances: 0.01-0.05% of medlar extract, 0.01-0.05% of Chinese date extract, 0.01-0.05% of tomato extract, 0.01-0.05% of lysimachia foenum-graecum absolute oil, 0.005-0.02% of buchu leaf oil, 0.01-1% of high fructose corn syrup, 0.01-0.2% of molasses extract, 0.01-0.2% of orchids tincture, 0.01-0.05% of laccase, 0.001-0.01% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.01-0.05% of 2,3, 5-trimethyl pyrazine and propylene glycol and water as solvents;
the quality improving preparation C in the third step is based on the quality of tobacco leaves and comprises the following substances: 0.01-0.05% of medlar extract, 0.01-0.05% of Chinese date extract, 0.01-0.05% of Peru extract, 0.01-0.05% of 10% guaiacum oil, 0.005-0.02% of bitter fenugreek oil, 0.01-1% of high fructose corn syrup, 0.01-0.2% of molasses extract, 0.01-0.05% of laccase, 0.001-0.01% of 2-acetyl pyrrole, 0.03% of p-methoxyacetophenone, 0-0.05% of flavourzyme, 0-0.05% of rush amylase, 0-0.02% of lipase, 0-0.02% of beta-glucosidase, propylene glycol and water as solvents.
2. The processing method of a three-or four-type cigarette leaf group formula according to claim 1, wherein the volatile oil extraction is performed by a simultaneous distillation extraction method, and after the volatile oil is collected by taking dichloromethane or n-hexane as a solvent, the solvent is removed by evaporation and concentration, and the yield of the volatile oil is calculated.
3. The method of processing a three-or four-type cigarette group formulation according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of benzyl alcohol and β -phenylethyl alcohol is obtained by GC-MS detection and quantified by an internal standard method.
4. The method of processing a three or four-type cigarette group formula according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco formula is rolled into cigarettes by a cigarette making machine.
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