CN112113704A - Pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method based on non-electric detonator driving type shock tube - Google Patents
Pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method based on non-electric detonator driving type shock tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113704A CN112113704A CN202011005509.7A CN202011005509A CN112113704A CN 112113704 A CN112113704 A CN 112113704A CN 202011005509 A CN202011005509 A CN 202011005509A CN 112113704 A CN112113704 A CN 112113704A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L27/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring fluid pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating the response time of pressure-sensitive paint based on a non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube. The calibration method uses a special calibration device and adopts shock waves generated by non-electric shock tube explosion on the shock tube to provide pressure steps. The method comprises the following steps: electrifying an excitation light source, a photomultiplier and an oscilloscope; opening an excitation gun to excite the non-electric detonator to explode; recording the change of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive paint coating by using a photomultiplier; simultaneously displaying and recording a pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor and a luminous intensity time-varying curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating measured by the photomultiplier by using an oscilloscope; and (4) taking the time for the coating to stabilize the luminous intensity after the luminous intensity value of the pressure-sensitive paint coating reaches the pressure step as the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint to finish the calibration. The calibration method is simple, safe, reliable and strong in practicability, and can greatly reduce the experiment cost of the pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration and improve the experiment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel tests, and particularly relates to a method for calibrating the response time of pressure-sensitive paint based on a non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube.
Background
The traditional aircraft wind tunnel test unsteady pressure distribution measurement method is to install a dynamic pressure sensor at a measurement point on the surface of a test model, the method can only obtain the pressure of discrete points on the surface of the test model, the selection of the measurement point is also limited by the structural layout of the test model, and the space for installing the dynamic pressure sensor does not exist at some positions. Meanwhile, links such as design and manufacture of the test model, test preparation and the like are relatively complex.
The Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) optical measurement technology is developed after the eighties of the twentieth century and is applied to the non-contact measurement technology for measuring the surface Pressure of a wind tunnel model. The pressure measurement of the surface of an experimental model is carried out by utilizing the photophysical property of a photo-excited optical material sensitive to pressure. The fast response PSP measuring technology is a non-contact dynamic pressure distribution measuring technology developed on the basis of a steady-state PSP measuring technology, and compared with a traditional discrete point dynamic pressure sensor measuring method, the technology has the advantages of high spatial resolution, no limitation of a model structure in measurement and the like. At present, the aerospace major countries such as the United states, Russia, Europe and the like develop a rapid response PSP measurement technology, large-area unsteady pressure distribution measurement on the surface of a test model is realized, dynamic load test data is provided for the structural strength optimization design of an advanced aircraft, and technical support is provided for the complex unsteady flow mechanism research and test verification of the aircraft and an aero-engine.
Fast response times are one of the main characteristics of fast response pressure sensitive paints. In order to improve the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint, quick response PSP coating formulas such as AA-PSP based on anodic alumina and PC-PSP based on porous media are developed abroad. At present, the response time of the fast response PSP can reach about 10 μ s.
How to accurately determine the response time of a pressure sensitive paint coating formulation is the basis and key point for developing a fast response PSP and for conducting a fast response PSP test. According to published documents, a shock tube is a main device for calibrating the response time of a coating in the technical field of PSP at present, and the working process of the shock tube is as follows: providing an instantaneous pressure step by using a shock wave generated by a shock tube, wherein the pressure step of the shock wave can be completed within 1 mu s; the pressure-sensitive paint sample is arranged on the side wall of the shock tube or the end face of the tail part; under the irradiation of an excitation light source, the change of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive paint coating along with time is caused by pressure step, the change process of the pressure step is recorded by a Kulite dynamic pressure sensor, and the change process of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive paint coating along with time is recorded by a Photomultiplier (PMT); the response time of the PSP to the pressure step change can be calculated by comparing the luminous intensity variation curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating along with the pressure variation curve measured by the Kulite dynamic pressure sensor. In general, the time for the luminous intensity value of the pressure-sensitive paint coating to reach 99% of the stable luminous intensity of the paint after the pressure step is the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint.
Conventional shock tubes are generally driven by high pressure gas and are structurally divided into two parts: a high pressure section and a low pressure section. The high pressure section and the low pressure section are separated by a quick valve or a thin film piece, when the quick valve is opened or the pressure difference between the high pressure section and the low pressure section is enough to break the diaphragm, high pressure gas moves to the low pressure section to generate a shock wave, and the pressure has obvious step change before and after the shock wave position. The conventional high-pressure gas driving type shock wave tube is complex in structure, a high-pressure gas source, a quick valve and other matching devices need to be provided, and the construction and maintenance cost is high.
At present, the development of a pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method based on a non-electric detonator driving type shock tube is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for calibrating the response time of pressure-sensitive paint based on a non-electric booster driving type shock tube.
The invention relates to a method for calibrating the response time of pressure-sensitive paint based on a non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube, which is characterized in that a calibration device used by the calibration method comprises a shock tube which is driven by a shock wave generated by the non-electric shock tube positioned at the front end; symmetrical optical windows respectively arranged at two sides of the rear section of the shock tube; the pressure-sensitive paint coating is sprayed on the inner tail end surface of the shock tube; the excitation light source is positioned outside the optical window and matched with the incident wavelength of the pressure-sensitive paint; a photomultiplier tube positioned outside the other optical window and used for recording the change of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive paint coating; the dynamic pressure sensor is positioned at the tail end of the shock tube and used for recording the pressure step change process of the tail end face of the shock tube; the oscilloscope is connected with the dynamic pressure sensor and the photomultiplier and displays and records the pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor and the luminous intensity change curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating measured by the photomultiplier in real time; the non-electric detonator is externally connected with an excitation gun;
the calibration method comprises the following steps:
a. electrifying an excitation light source, a photomultiplier and an oscilloscope;
b. opening an excitation gun, exciting the non-electric shock tube to explode, and conducting shock waves generated by explosion backwards along the shock tube to provide rapid pressure steps for calibration experiments;
c. recording the change of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive paint coating by using a photomultiplier;
d. simultaneously displaying and recording a pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor and a luminous intensity time-varying curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating measured by the photomultiplier by using an oscilloscope;
e. and comparing a pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor with a luminous intensity change curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating measured by the photomultiplier, and finishing the calibration of the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint by taking the time for the luminous intensity value of the pressure-sensitive paint coating to reach 99% of the stable luminous intensity of the coating after the pressure step is reached as the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint.
Furthermore, the non-electric detonator is positioned on the central axis of the detonator fixing device, and the outlet end of the non-electric detonator is flush with the tail end face of the detonator fixing device.
Furthermore, the detonating tube fixing device is a metal tube, a non-electric detonating tube penetrates into the detonating tube fixing device, and the detonating tube fixing device is in transition fit with the non-electric detonating tube.
Furthermore, the detonating tube fixing device is embedded into the shock tube and fixed in the shock tube through a side wall screw, and the embedding depth is 50 mm-200 mm.
Furthermore, the shock tube is embedded into the detonating tube fixing device in a thread matching mode.
Furthermore, the tail end of the shock tube is a tail sealing block connected with the shock tube through threads, the front end face of the tail sealing block is sprayed with a pressure-sensitive paint coating, the center of the rear end face of the tail sealing block is provided with a threaded through hole coaxial with the central axis of the shock tube, and a dynamic pressure sensor is installed in the threaded through hole.
Further, the pressure-sensitive paint coating is sprayed on a pressure-sensitive paint sample sheet assembled with the tail end face of the interior of the shock tube.
Furthermore, the pressure-sensitive paint coating is divided into two layers, the bottom layer is white primer, the surface layer is pressure-sensitive finish paint, and the thickness of the pressure-sensitive paint coating is less than or equal to 60 mu m.
Furthermore, the shock tube, the excitation light source, the photomultiplier, the oscilloscope and the accessory equipment including the power supply equipment are all fixed and installed on the optical platform.
Further, the dynamic pressure sensor is a Kulite dynamic pressure sensor.
The invention discloses a pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method based on a non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube, which applies the non-electric shock tube to the field of shock tubes and utilizes the generated instantaneous pressure step change to calibrate the pressure-sensitive paint response time.
The non-electric shock tube in the method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube is triggered by a special exciting gun and the like, the shock wave is formed in the shock tube after the triggering, the shock wave is transmitted at a constant speed, a rapid pressure step change can be provided, and the method has the characteristics of simple structure and stable performance.
The non-electric shock tube propagation performance of the pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method based on the non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube is good, the pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method can not be excited when the pressure-sensitive paint is burnt in fire, the shock resistance, the water resistance and the electrical performance are good, the pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method has certain strength and low cost, and the pressure-sensitive paint response time calibration method is a safe, reliable and strong shock wave generating device.
The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric shock tube driven shock tube is simple, safe, reliable and strong in practicability, and can replace the most common method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the high-pressure gas driven shock tube at present, so that the experiment cost for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint is greatly reduced, and the experiment efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration device used in the method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric squib driving type shock tube.
In the figure, 1, a non-electric detonator 2, a shock tube 3, a detonator fixing device 4, an optical window 5, an excitation light source 6, a photomultiplier 7, an oscilloscope 8, a dynamic pressure sensor 9 and a pressure-sensitive paint coating.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube is characterized in that a calibration device used in the calibration method comprises a shock tube 2 which is driven by a shock wave generated by a non-electric shock tube 1 positioned at the front end; symmetrical optical windows 4 respectively arranged at two sides of the rear section of the shock tube 2; a pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 sprayed on the tail end surface inside the shock tube 2; an excitation light source 5 which is positioned outside an optical window 4 and is matched with the incident wavelength of the pressure-sensitive paint; a photomultiplier tube 6 located outside the other optical window 4 for recording changes in the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive lacquer coating 9; the dynamic pressure sensor 8 is positioned at the tail end of the shock tube 2 and used for recording the pressure step change process of the tail end face of the shock tube 2; the oscilloscope 7 is connected with the dynamic pressure sensor 8 and the photomultiplier tube 6, and the oscilloscope 7 displays and records the pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor 8 and the luminous intensity change curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 measured by the photomultiplier tube 6 in real time; the non-electric detonator 1 is externally connected with an excitation gun;
the calibration method comprises the following steps:
a. the excitation light source 5, the photomultiplier 6 and the oscilloscope 7 are electrified;
b. the excitation gun is opened, the non-electric shock tube 1 is excited to explode, and shock waves generated by explosion are conducted backwards along the shock tube 2, so that rapid pressure steps are provided for a calibration experiment;
c. recording the change of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 by using a photomultiplier tube 6;
d. simultaneously displaying and recording a pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor 8 and a luminous intensity time change curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 measured by the photomultiplier 6 by using the oscilloscope 7;
e. and comparing the pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor 8 with the luminous intensity change curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 measured by the photomultiplier 6, and finishing the calibration of the pressure-sensitive paint response time by taking the time for the luminous intensity value of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 to reach 99% of the stable luminous intensity of the paint after the pressure step is reached as the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint.
Further, the non-electrical detonator 1 is located on the central axis of the detonator fixing device 3, and the outlet end of the non-electrical detonator 1 is flush with the tail end face of the detonator fixing device 3.
Furthermore, the detonator fixing device 3 is a metal tube, a non-electric detonator 1 penetrates into the detonator fixing device 3, and the detonator fixing device 3 is in transition fit with the non-electric detonator 1.
Furthermore, the detonating tube fixing device 3 is embedded into the shock tube 2 and fixed in the shock tube 2 through a side wall screw, and the embedding depth is 50 mm-200 mm.
Further, the detonator fixing device 3 is embedded into the shock tube 2 in a thread matching mode.
Furthermore, the tail end of the shock tube 2 is a tail sealing block connected with the shock tube 2 through threads, the front end face of the tail sealing block is sprayed with a pressure-sensitive paint coating 9, the center of the rear end face of the tail sealing block is provided with a threaded through hole coaxial with the central axis of the shock tube 2, and a dynamic pressure sensor 8 is installed in the threaded through hole.
Further, the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 is sprayed on a pressure-sensitive paint sample piece which is assembled with the inner tail end surface of the shock tube 2.
Further, the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 is divided into two layers, the bottom layer is white primer, the surface layer is pressure-sensitive finish paint, and the thickness of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 is less than or equal to 60 mu m.
Further, the shock tube 2, the excitation light source 5, the photomultiplier tube 6, the oscilloscope 7 and accessory equipment including power supply equipment are all fixed and installed on the optical platform.
Further, the dynamic pressure sensor 8 is a Kulite dynamic pressure sensor.
Example 1
The non-electric conductive explosion tube 1 in the embodiment is a non-electric hose with the inner wall coated with mixed explosive powder (mixture of explosive and metal powder), the tube wall is made of high-pressure polyethylene material with the inner diameter of 1.5mm and the outer diameter of 3mm, the mixed explosive is 91 percent of hexogen (RDX), 9 percent of aluminum powder and other components, and the coating explosive amount is 14 mg/m-16 mg/m.
And (3) processing the shock tube 2, and connecting the non-electric shock tube 1 and the shock tube 2 by adopting a shock tube fixing device 3. The detonator fixing device 3 is a rectangular aluminum block of 22mm (width) × 22mm (height) × 200mm (length), and a through hole of 3mm in diameter is formed on the central axis. The non-electrical detonator 1 is inserted into the through hole of the detonator fixing device 3, the inlet end is connected with the special excitation gun, and the outlet end is flush with the tail end face of the detonator fixing device 3. The length of the non-electric detonating tube 1 is 250 mm-1000 mm, three M3 thread through holes are arranged on the side wall of the detonating tube fixing device 3 every 50mm, the non-electric detonating tube 1 is fixed by screw compression, and the outlet end of the non-electric detonating tube 1 is ensured to be flush with the tail end face of the detonating tube fixing device 3.
The shock tube 2 has a rectangular cross section with an internal dimension of 22mm (width) × 22mm (height) × 500mm (length), and a wall thickness of 5mm, and during the experiment, the squib fixing device 3 was inserted into the shock tube 2 to an insertion depth of 50mm to 200 mm. The side wall of the shock tube 2 is provided with a through hole with the diameter of 3.5mm, and the relative position between the shock tube 2 and the detonating tube fixing device 3 is fixed by the through hole and a threaded hole on the detonating tube fixing device 3.
At a position 5mm away from the end face of the shock tube 2, optical windows 4 with the size of 22mm (height) x 150mm (length) x 5mm (thickness) are respectively arranged on two side wall faces to provide optical channels for a laser excitation light source 5 and a photomultiplier 6.
The tail part of the shock tube 2 is provided with a detachable tail part sealing block, and the thickness of the tail part sealing block is 9 mm. The center of the rear end face of the tail sealing block is provided with an M5 multiplied by 0.8 threaded through hole for mounting the Kulite dynamic pressure sensor 8.
And spraying a pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 on the surface of the inner wall surface of the tail end face of the shock tube 2, wherein the bottom layer of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 is white primer, the surface layer is pressure-sensitive finish paint, the total thickness of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 is controlled within 60 mu m, and attention needs to be paid to the protection of the pressure-sensitive paint coating 9 before the experiment begins.
On the optical platform, a shock tube 2, an excitation light source 5, a photomultiplier tube 6, an oscilloscope 7, and accessory equipment including power supply equipment and the like are fixed and mounted.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, but it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications and refinements of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The method for calibrating the pressure-sensitive paint response time based on the non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube is characterized in that a calibration device used by the calibration method comprises a shock tube (2) which is used for generating shock wave driving by using the non-electric shock tube (1) positioned at the front end; symmetrical optical windows (4) respectively arranged at two sides of the rear section of the shock tube (2); a pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) sprayed on the tail end surface inside the shock tube (2); an excitation light source (5) which is positioned outside one optical window (4) and is matched with the incident wavelength of the pressure-sensitive paint; a photomultiplier (6) located outside the other optical window (4) for recording the variation of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive lacquer coating (9); the dynamic pressure sensor (8) is positioned at the tail end of the shock tube (2) and used for recording the pressure step change process of the tail end face of the shock tube (2); the oscilloscope (7) is connected with the dynamic pressure sensor (8) and the photomultiplier (6), and the oscilloscope (7) displays and records the pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor (8) and the luminous intensity change curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) measured by the photomultiplier (6) in real time; the non-electric detonator (1) is externally connected with an excitation gun;
the calibration method comprises the following steps:
a. an excitation light source (5), a photomultiplier (6) and an oscilloscope (7) are electrified;
b. the excitation gun is opened, the non-electric shock tube (1) is excited to explode, and shock waves generated by explosion are conducted backwards along the shock tube (2) so as to provide rapid pressure step for a calibration experiment;
c. recording the change of the luminous intensity of the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) by using a photomultiplier (6);
d. simultaneously displaying and recording a pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor (8) and a luminous intensity time-varying curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) measured by the photomultiplier tube (6) by using an oscilloscope (7);
e. and comparing the pressure change curve measured by the dynamic pressure sensor (8) with the luminous intensity change curve of the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) measured by the photomultiplier (6), and finishing the calibration of the pressure-sensitive paint response time by taking the time when the luminous intensity value of the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) reaches 99% of the stable luminous intensity of the paint after the pressure step is reached as the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint.
2. The method for calibrating the response time of a pressure-sensitive paint based on a nonel drive shock tube according to claim 1, wherein the nonel (1) is located on the central axis of the detonator fixing device (3), and the outlet end of the nonel (1) is flush with the tail end face of the detonator fixing device (3).
3. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric detonator driving type shock tube according to claim 2, wherein the detonator fixing device (3) is a metal tube, the non-electric detonator (1) penetrates into the detonator fixing device (3), and the detonator fixing device (3) is in transition fit with the non-electric detonator (1).
4. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric detonator driving type shock tube according to claim 2, wherein the detonator fixing device (3) is embedded into the shock tube (2) and fixed in the shock tube through a side wall screw, and the embedding depth is 50 mm-200 mm.
5. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric detonator driving type shock tube according to claim 4, wherein the detonator fixing device (3) is embedded into the shock tube (2) in a thread fit manner.
6. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric detonator driving shock tube according to claim 1, wherein the tail end of the shock tube (2) is a tail sealing block connected with the shock tube (2) through threads, the front end face of the tail sealing block is sprayed with the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9), the center of the rear end face of the tail sealing block is provided with a threaded through hole coaxial with the central axis of the shock tube (2), and a dynamic pressure sensor (8) is installed in the threaded through hole.
7. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric squib driving type shock tube according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) is sprayed on a pressure-sensitive paint sample sheet assembled with the inner tail end face of the shock tube (2).
8. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric shock tube driving type shock tube according to the claim 1, wherein the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) is divided into two layers, the bottom layer is white primer, the surface layer is pressure-sensitive finish paint, and the thickness of the pressure-sensitive paint coating (9) is less than or equal to 60 μm.
9. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric detonator driving type shock tube according to claim 1, wherein the shock tube (2), the excitation light source (5), the photomultiplier (6), the oscilloscope (7) and accessory equipment including power supply equipment are all fixed and installed on an optical platform.
10. The method for calibrating the response time of the pressure-sensitive paint based on the non-electric detonator driving type shock tube according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic pressure sensor (8) is a Kulite dynamic pressure sensor.
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| 杨海泳 等: "一种具有良好低频和高频特性的动态气动", 《第四届全国非定常空气动力学学术会议》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114441090A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-05-06 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Quick response pressure-sensitive paint temperature effect correction method |
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