CN105744712B - A kind of closed bomb vessel and its density control method for plasma diagnostics - Google Patents
A kind of closed bomb vessel and its density control method for plasma diagnostics Download PDFInfo
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- CN105744712B CN105744712B CN201610237321.2A CN201610237321A CN105744712B CN 105744712 B CN105744712 B CN 105744712B CN 201610237321 A CN201610237321 A CN 201610237321A CN 105744712 B CN105744712 B CN 105744712B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/0006—Investigating plasma, e.g. measuring the degree of ionisation or the electron temperature
- H05H1/0012—Investigating plasma, e.g. measuring the degree of ionisation or the electron temperature using electromagnetic or particle radiation, e.g. interferometry
- H05H1/0037—Investigating plasma, e.g. measuring the degree of ionisation or the electron temperature using electromagnetic or particle radiation, e.g. interferometry by spectrometry
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of closed bomb vessels for plasma diagnostics, comprising: combustion chamber, material are gun-steel；Sealing device, quantity are two, are separately positioned on combustion chamber two sides；And plasma gas generator, it is arranged in combustion chamber one end, and be located inside the end sealing device；Pressure relief device is arranged in inside the sealing device of the combustion chamber other end, for drawing high pressure gas in closed bomb vessel；Optical window, it is arranged in top of combustion chamber, for observing plasma distribution situation in the combustion chamber, closed bomb vessel can ignite gunpowder in the closed environment of high temperature and pressure, collect the plasma generated after explosion, diagnosed by spectroscopic methodology to thermal ionization plasma, again by adjusting the quality of gunpowder, it realizes the adjusting of plasma density, adjusts accurate rapid, strong operability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the present invention relates to plasma diagnostics investigative techniques, and in particular to for the close of plasma diagnostics
Close exploder mechanism and its density control method.
Background technique
The diagnosis of plasma is actually two steps: examining and breaks.It examines and more pays attention to practice, and disconnected then bias toward point
Analysis.So plasma diagnostics is exactly to detect the certain objects for then obtaining plasma by analysis using certain physical method
Manage parameter.Popular says, plasma diagnostics is exactly to make a process of the plasma from " invisible " to " ".
The type number of plasma is various, and the method for diagnosing different types of plasma is also different not to the utmost.Generally
For, plasma diagnostic method have contact diagnosis and two methods of contactless diagnosis, this be according to diagnostic mode not
It is same and differentiation.If according to diagnosis object difference, plasma diagnostic method can be divided into again low temperature plasma diagnostics with
High-temperature plasma diagnosis.The method of two kinds of diagnostic classifications intersects, not stringent to distinguish.Different diagnostic methods are different
Advantage and disadvantage, contact diagnosis is relatively high for the spatial resolution of plasma density, be commonly used in low-temperature plasma
Body diagnosis；And contactless diagnosis will not interfere the purity of plasma due to its diagnosis principle substantially, be usually used in high temperature etc. from
Daughter diagnosis.Langmuir probe method is a kind of contact diagnosis and a kind of the most commonly used method.Another method is resistance
Anti- mensuration is typically only used for the plasma density that measurement radio frequency discharge generates.
Contactless diagnostic method generally has: microwave interference method, laser interferance method and spectral diagnostics etc..Wave interference diagnosis
Method is generally used for tokamak device measurement plasma density, due to being non-cpntact measurement so will not change plasma
Parameter.But due to the limitation of space layout, the channel for installing microwave interference method is limited, and which limits measurement density
Spatial distribution；The laser emitter of laser interferometer needs, system structure is complicated, is generally used for nuclear fusion plasma and examines
It is disconnected.Moreover, diagnostic system has stronger signal interference, system is required further improvement, system noise is reduced, filters out signal and disturb
It is dynamic, improve the resolution ratio of laser interference diagnostic system.Spectroscopy measurements plasma density has many good qualities, measuring system structure
Simply, easy to use, measurement range is wide, it is often more important that since this is non-contact measurement, will not plasma generate it is dry
It disturbs.It has been widely used in measuring the various parameters of plasma as a kind of Plasma Diagnostics.
The type that gas ionization generates plasma has very much, such as DC discharge plasma, capacitive coupling plasma
Body, inductively coupled plasma body, microwave discharge plasma and thermal ionization plasma etc..For discharge plasma and coupling
Plasma research is more, and considerably less for the research of thermal ionization plasma, only for the discussion etc. of thermal ionization probability；
Plasma is generated using powder gas simultaneously and studies same considerably less, gunpowder combustion as the thermal ionization plasma that research object carries out
Combustion gas can reach 3000K -4000K when burning, and pressure can reach 400MPa, and the environment of high temperature and pressure can make gas that thermoelectricity occur
From with the emission spectrum of spectrometry measurement generation plasma, the correlations such as electron density, electron temperature of plasma
Parameter is also required to widely study.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of closed bomb vessel for plasma diagnostics, can be by gunpowder in high temperature and pressure
Closed environment in ignite, collect the plasma that generates after explosion.
A further object of the invention is that optical window is provided at the top of closed bomb vessel, is compressed using gasket seal,
Not only it ensure that the sealing structure of closed bomb vessel, but also opened an observation window for measurement.
Another object of the present invention simultaneously carries out non-contact measurement by optical window using spectral measurement system, solves
Gunpowder ignites in confined explosion room the difficult problem of the light acquisition to thermal ionization plasma in the prior art.
The invention further relates to a kind of plasma density control method is developed, only by acquisition burn indoor temperature and
Pressure, then by adjusting the quality of gunpowder, realize the adjusting of plasma density, adjust accurate rapid, strong operability.
Technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of closed bomb vessel for plasma diagnostics, comprising:
Combustion chamber, material are gun-steel；
Sealing device, quantity are two, are separately positioned on the combustion chamber two sides；And
Plasma gas generator is arranged in described combustion chamber one end, and is located in sealing device described in the end
Portion；
Pressure relief device is arranged in inside the sealing device of the combustion chamber other end, and being used for will be high in closed bomb vessel
Body of calming the anger is drawn；
Optical window is arranged in top of combustion chamber, for observing plasma distribution situation in the combustion chamber.
Preferably, the plasma gas generator, comprising:
Cylindrical chamber, material are insulating materials, and the cylindrical chamber top is provided with nozzle, and plasma is by the spray
Mouth sprays；
Columnar electrode is arranged in the cylindrical chamber axis line position；
Sub-electrode is arranged inside the cylindrical chamber, and can be applied to the different potential of the columnar electrode；
Silk is ignited, the columnar electrode is connected；
Capillary, is set in the ignition silk middle position, and inner wall coats dielectric film；
The pulse power connects the columnar electrode and the sub-electrode.
Preferably, the pressure relief device, comprising:
Bleeder screw is arranged inside the through-hole of the sealing device；
Sheave connects the bleeder screw, for adjusting the relative position of bleeder screw Yu the sealing device, with reality
The pressure of existing closed bomb vessel is adjusted.
Preferably, the optical window material is sapphire crystal, and the optical window is in the combustion chamber installation place
It is compressed by gasket seal.
Preferably, the gasket seal uses self-tightening metal O-ring, and material is Titanium, and surface is coated with metallic nickel,
To make up annular groove sealing surfaces injustice or tiny flaw.
Preferably, the self-tightening metal O-ring is hollow type endless tube, and inner surface is provided with multiple roundlets
Hole, hollow endless tube inside and the combustion chamber.
Preferably, the sealing device material is red copper.
The purpose of the present invention can also be realized further by a kind of plasma density control method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the intensity of spectral line data of plasma spectrometry are obtained by spectral measurement, pass through the intensity of spectral line number
According to obtaining plasma temperature；
Step 2: and plasma density is calculated by the intensity of spectral line data and the plasma temperature；
Step 3: plasma density is obtained by the intensity of spectral line data and the plasma temperature；
Step 4: sensor detection burning room temperature T and pressure P, by changing gunpowder loadings M in combustion chamberα, real
Existing plasma density is adjusted；
Preferably, the plasma temperature passes through formulaIt obtains, the plasma is close
Degree passes through formulaIt obtains；Wherein, λ is the wave of spectrum line
Long, I is the relative line intensities of spectrum line, and g is the upper statistical wieght of level of spectral line, and A is transition probability, EiFor upper energy level energy
Amount, k are Boltzmann constant, and T is the temperature of plasma, and C is constant, AmqFor m state to the transition probability of q state, EmFor m energy level
Energy, m are the quality that gunpowder is added, σmqFor the collision cross-section of energy level, νmqFor spectral line frequency, C is constant, and N is that gas molecule is close
Degree；NeFor plasma electron density, h is Planck's constant.
Preferably, spectral measurement is carried out using spectral measurement system in the step 1, comprising:
Radiation probe comprising cosine rectifier and optical fiber, setting is in optical window position, for generation etc. in combustion chamber
The spectrum of gas ions samples；
Spectrometer is grating spectrograph, for being divided and surveying to the collected spectrum sampled data of radiation probe
Amount.
The present invention compared with prior art possessed by beneficial effect
1, a kind of closed bomb vessel for plasma diagnostics provided by the invention, can be by gunpowder in high temperature and pressure
It is ignited in closed environment, collects the plasma generated after explosion, and be provided with optical window at the top of closed explosion chamber, pass through
Optical window can be acquired thermal ionization plasma spectrometry, be adopted using contactless plasma spectrum
Collection is tested thermal ionization plasma noiseless.
2, a kind of closed bomb vessel for plasma diagnostics provided by the invention, top is provided with optical window, adopts
It is compressed with gasket seal, not only ensure that the sealing structure of closed bomb vessel, but also open an observation window for measurement.
3, when for High-pressure gun transmitting, the thermal ionization plasma density measurement that powder gas is formed in barrel leads to
It crosses to strong using the spectral line of the plasma spectrometry of non-contact measurement generation to thermal ionization plasma under high temperature and high pressure environment
Degree, and then obtain thermal ionization plasma density under high temperature and high pressure environment, obtained result rapidly and accurately, can be directed to different additions
Powder volume is tested, and the environment of high temperature and pressure is also noiseless to test result；
4, in the closed environment of high temperature and pressure, being burnt indoor temperature and pressure by acquisition after gunpowder explosion,
It crosses spectroscopic methodology to detect thermal ionization plasma density, then by adjusting the quality of gunpowder, realizes plasma density
It adjusts, adjusts accurate rapid, strong operability, strong interference immunity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the closed bomb vessel of the present invention for plasma diagnostics.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of plasma gas generator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is optical window structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is hydrogen atoms spectrogram.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
As shown in Figure 1, provided by the present invention for the closed bomb vessel of plasma diagnostics, comprising: combustion chamber 100, close
Seal apparatus 200, plasma gas generator 300, pressure relief device 400 and optical window 500.
Wherein, combustion chamber 100 generate the combustion gas of high temperature and pressure when due to powder burning, so selecting gun-steel as burning
The material of room 100.
Sealing device 200, quantity is two, including first sealing device and the second sealing device, is separately positioned on combustion
100 two sides of room are burnt, as a preference, 200 material of sealing device is red copper；
As shown in Fig. 2, plasma gas generator 300, is arranged in 100 one end of combustion chamber, first sealing device
Portion, comprising: cylindrical chamber 310, material are insulating materials, and 310 top of cylindrical chamber is provided with nozzle, and plasma is by nozzle
It sprays；
Columnar electrode 320 is arranged in 310 axis line position of cylindrical chamber；
Sub-electrode 330 is arranged inside cylindrical chamber 310, and can be applied to the different potential of columnar electrode 320；
Silk 340 is ignited, columnar electrode 320 is connected；
Capillary 350, is set in and ignites 340 middle position of silk, and inner wall coats dielectric film；
The pulse power 360 is high power pulsed source, connects columnar electrode 320 and sub-electrode 330.
Plasma producing apparatus 300 generates plasma, the pulse power 360 by the arc discharge of the pulse power 360
It discharges first the ignition silk 340 at connection 350 both ends of capillary, wire is heated and discharge-induced explosion occurs rapidly, forms metal etc.
Gas ions.After discharge-induced explosion, metallic plasma melts wall surface material to 350 inner wall radiation energy of capillary, forms plasma
Body maintains electric discharge, and plasma sprays outward by nozzle, to realize igniting.
Pressure relief device 400 is arranged inside 100 other end of combustion chamber, the second sealing device, is used for closed bomb vessel
Interior high pressure gas is drawn；
Include: bleeder screw, is arranged inside the through-hole of the second sealing device；
Sheave connects bleeder screw, close to realize for adjusting the relative position of bleeder screw and the second sealing device
The pressure for closing exploder mechanism is adjusted.
Optical window 500, setting are distributed feelings at 100 top of combustion chamber, for observing plasma in combustion chamber 100
Condition；
As shown in figure 3,500 material of optical window be artificial sapphire crystal, with ensure under the conditions of excessive temperature light it is saturating
Penetrating property, using the A crystal orientation sapphire that the mechanical performance of kyropoulos (KY method) crystallization is optimal in the present embodiment, and optical window 500
It is compressed in 100 installation place of combustion chamber by gasket seal 510 and Titanium gasket 520.
Gasket seal 510 uses self-tightening metal O-ring, and material is Titanium, and is provided in inner surface multiple small
Circular hole, hollow endless tube inside are connected with the combustion chamber 100, its sealing function is arrived based on preparatory compressed metal endless tube
In the groove of certain depth, flexible deformation occurs for metal endless tube, and reaction force generates higher line contact load to sealing surface,
To establish initial sealing.At work, air-flow enters in endless tube, and the system pressure in endless tube increases, and makes the contact of sealing surface
Pressure increase, to reach self-tightening effect.One layer of soft metal nickel is plated on the surface of self-tightening metal O-ring, with close to annular groove
It seals uneven surface or tiny flaw provides certain compensation.
A kind of plasma density control method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the intensity of spectral line data of plasma spectrometry are obtained by spectral measurement, pass through the intensity of spectral line number
According to obtaining plasma temperature；
Step 2: and plasma density is calculated by the intensity of spectral line data and the plasma temperature；
Step 3: plasma density is obtained by the intensity of spectral line data and the plasma temperature；
Step 4: sensor detects burning room temperature T, unit K and pressure P, and unit Mpa passes through change
Gunpowder loadings M in combustion chamberα, unit Kg, realization plasma density adjusting；
In another embodiment, hydrogen gas plasma temperature passes through formulaIt obtains, for essence
Electron temperature really is measured, certain monatomic several spectrum line can be used, measure the relative line intensities of their spectrum lines, is used
They are correspondingWith upper energy levels Ei, make linear equation curve, acquire its slopeTo acquire plasma
The temperature of body are as follows:Wherein, λ is the wavelength of spectrum line, and unit nm, I are the relative line intensities of spectrum line,
For ratio, g is the upper statistical wieght of level of spectral line, and A is transition probability, unit s-1, EiFor upper energy levels, unit KJ, k
For Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature of plasma, and unit eV, C are constant；In the present embodiment, since powder gas produces
Raw hydrogen, for measuring hydrogen gas plasma, the emission spectrum of hydrogen molecule and ion is concentrated mainly on 200nm and arrives for this test
Between 700nm, as shown in figure 4, to reach the hydrogen atom Balmer obtained under 357MPa, 3257K experimental condition in powder gas
Be spectrogram, test demand fully met by the investigative range of spectrometer, this test using different explosive payloads be divided into 6 groups into
Row measurement, explosive payload is respectively 0.20kg, 0.22kg, 0.24kg, 0.26kg, 0.28kg, 0.30kg, using nitrification guncotton,
As shown in table 1, table 2, data are respectively the Atomic Hydrogen Emission Line intensity data of hydrogen atomic spectrum line parameter and different test groups, are passed through
Calculating gained plasma temperature is about 1.52eV.
1 hydrogen atomic spectrum line parameter of table
2 Atomic Hydrogen Emission Line intensity data of table/W
Plasma density passes through formulaIt obtains；Its
In, I is the relative line intensities of spectrum line, and k is Boltzmann constant, and C is constant, AmqIt is single for m state to the transition probability of q state
Position is s-1, EmFor m energy levels, unit KJ, m are the quality that gunpowder is added, unit kg, σmqFor the collision cross-section of energy level,
For indicating collision probability size；νmqFor spectral line frequency, unit Hz；C is constant, and N is density of gas molecules, and unit is
m-3；NeFor plasma electron density, unit m-3；T is the temperature of plasma, unit eV；H is that Planck is normal
Number, by the plasma temperature obtained before, can find out plasma density by formula, by the way that plasma is calculated
Density, when explosive payload is respectively 0.20kg, 0.22kg, 0.24kg, 0.26kg, 0.28kg, 0.30kg, corresponding plasma
It is 1.01 × 10 that density, which is respectively about,11m-3、1.05×1011m-3、1.08×1011m-3、1.22×1011m-3、1.35×
1011m-3、1.68×1011m-3。
In another embodiment, spectral measurement is carried out using spectral measurement system in step 1, comprising:
Radiation probe comprising cosine rectifier and optical fiber, setting is in 500 position of optical window, for producing in combustion chamber
The spectrum sampling of raw plasma；
Spectrometer is grating spectrograph, for being divided and surveying to the collected spectrum sampled data of radiation probe
Amount.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (3)
1. the plasma density control method in a kind of closed bomb vessel characterized by comprising
Combustion chamber, material are gun-steel；
Sealing device, quantity are two, are separately positioned on the combustion chamber two sides；And
Plasma gas generator is arranged in described combustion chamber one end, and is located inside the sealing device；
Pressure relief device is arranged in inside the sealing device of the combustion chamber other end, is used for high pressure gas in closed bomb vessel
Body is drawn；
Optical window is arranged in top of combustion chamber, for observing plasma distribution situation in the combustion chamber, the optics
Form material is sapphire crystal；
The optical window is compressed in the combustion chamber installation place by gasket seal, and the gasket seal uses self-tightening metal
O-ring, material are Titanium, and surface is coated with metallic nickel, to make up annular groove sealing surfaces injustice or tiny flaw；
Wherein, the plasma density in the closed bomb vessel adjusts using plasma density control method, comprising:
Step 1: the intensity of spectral line data of plasma spectrometry are obtained by spectral measurement, are obtained by the intensity of spectral line data
To plasma temperature；
Step 2: and plasma density is calculated by the intensity of spectral line data and the plasma temperature；
Step 3: plasma density is obtained by the intensity of spectral line data and the plasma temperature；
Step 4: sensor detection burning room temperature T and pressure P, by changing gunpowder loadings M in combustion chamberα, realize etc.
Plasma density is adjusted；
2. the plasma density control method in closed bomb vessel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described etc.
Ion temperature passes through formulaIt obtains, the plasma density passes through formulaIt obtains；Wherein, λ is the wavelength of spectrum line, and I is spectrum line
Relative line intensities, g be spectral line upper statistical wieght of level, A is transition probability, EiFor upper energy levels, k is Boltzmann
Constant, T are the temperature of plasma, and C is constant, AmqFor m state to the transition probability of q state, EmFor m energy levels, m is that fire is added
The quality of medicine, σmqFor the collision cross-section of energy level, νmqFor spectral line frequency, C is constant, and N is density of gas molecules；NeFor plasma
Electron density, h are Planck's constant.
3. the plasma density control method in closed bomb vessel according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step
Spectral measurement is carried out using spectral measurement system in rapid one, comprising:
Radiation probe comprising cosine rectifier and optical fiber, setting is in optical window position, for generating plasma in combustion chamber
The spectrum of body samples；
Spectrometer is grating spectrograph, for being divided and measuring to the collected spectrum sampled data of radiation probe.
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| CN106255303B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2020-01-10 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | System for testing motion rule of plasma in closed cylinder structure |
| CN106202797B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-01-25 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Plasma density calculation method in gun tube when a kind of powder burning |
| CN109270028A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-25 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of micro- priming system plasma refraction rate temporal evolution test device |
| CN109342362A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-15 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of micro- priming system plasma refraction rate distributed in three dimensions test device |
| CN110035595B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-01-19 | 西安交通大学 | Cylindrical plasma generator and application thereof |
| CN110198589A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-03 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | A kind of method of plasma Conduce Disciplinarian experimental test under high pressure conditions |
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