CN112113430A

CN112113430A - Refractory material building method for smelting reduction furnace

Info

Publication number: CN112113430A
Application number: CN202010858082.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张冠琪; 张晓峰; 张光磊; 王林顺; 魏召强; 王金霞; 王振华; 王建磊; 张伟
Original assignee: Shandong Molong Petroleum Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Molong Petroleum Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-24
Filing date: 2020-08-24
Publication date: 2020-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-24
Also published as: CN112113430B; WO2022042066A1; ZA202213057B

Abstract

The invention provides a building method of refractory materials of a smelting reduction furnace, which comprises the steps of pouring a permanent lining of the smelting reduction furnace, building a bottom lining of the smelting reduction furnace, building a siphon iron furnace, building a working lining and a side wall at the bottom of the smelting reduction furnace, and pouring a slag area and a gas chamber of the smelting reduction furnace. The invention develops a masonry method combining integral casting and layered masonry forming aiming at a smelting reduction furnace, adopts integral casting forming of a permanent lining, and multi-layer masonry of a furnace bottom lining and a working lining in steps, meets the environmental requirements of high temperature and high pressure in the smelting process, reduces the corrosion of slag to the furnace lining to the maximum extent, ensures that the furnace lining has good erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance, adapts to the corrosion of high FeO slag to refractory materials, and keeps higher mechanical property and erosion resistance. In addition, the smelting reduction furnace body built by the method has three-level safety protection measures, so that the safety of the smelting reduction furnace in an extremely high-strength smelting environment is greatly improved, and the safety of personnel and equipment is guaranteed.

Description

Refractory material building method for smelting reduction furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical furnaces, in particular to a refractory material building method for a smelting reduction furnace.

Background

The HIsmelt reduction metallurgy technology is an advanced non-blast furnace metallurgy technology in the international metallurgical industry, utilizes non-coking coal powder and iron ore powder to produce liquid pig iron in a spray metallurgy mode, has short flow, little pollution and good molten iron quality, and is an advanced iron making technology for solving the problems of limited coking coal resources and environmental protection in China.

The core of the smelting reduction metallurgy technology is an SRV smelting reduction furnace, which sequentially comprises an iron bath area, a slag area and a gas chamber from bottom to top, and because the inside of the furnace is in a high-temperature environment of more than 1400 ℃ for a long time and the cold and hot environment changes such as furnace shutdown, startup and the like exist in the service cycle of refractory materials, the service life and property change of the refractory materials are important for the long-time continuous operation of the smelting reduction furnace, and the safe production operation and smelting efficiency are directly influenced.

In order to realize the reduction of iron ore powder and the efficient heat supply of secondary combustion to a molten pool, the smelting reduction metallurgy technology adopts 50-60% of secondary combustion rate, so that the slag has higher FeO content (4-6%), the slag can infiltrate into refractory brick holes or gaps, cracks and peeling are caused due to different expansion and contraction rates of refractory materials and the slag when temperature shock occurs, and the FeO in a high-temperature molten state has great erosion to refractory materials of a hearth (the FeO content in the blast furnace slag is less than 1%). The original smelting reduction furnace refractory brick adopts a magnesia-chrome brick (MgO is more than 63 percent), the (MgO) in the slag needs to be kept to be more than 10 percent, the consumption of an auxiliary flux is increased, the generation of the slag is increased, the content of magnesium oxide in the slag is too high (more than 8 percent), and the production efficiency is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a refractory material masonry method for a smelting reduction furnace, which aims to solve at least one of the technical problems.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a building method of refractory materials of a smelting reduction furnace, wherein the smelting reduction furnace is also provided with a siphon iron furnace, the building method of the refractory materials of the smelting reduction furnace comprises the following steps,

a) pouring a permanent lining of the smelting reduction furnace: installing an anchoring piece on an iron bath area furnace shell of the smelting reduction furnace, installing a pouring template on the inner side of the iron bath area furnace, integrally pouring YJ-1 type refractory material in the template, and removing the template after the template is solidified;

b) building a bottom lining of a smelting reduction furnace: a first layer of lining body is formed by building NJ-1 type refractory materials at the furnace bottom, a second layer of lining body is formed by building FB-1 type refractory materials above the first layer of lining body, and a third layer of lining body is formed by building FB-2 type refractory materials above the second layer of lining body;

c) building a siphon iron furnace: firstly paving a leveling layer at the bottom of the siphon tapping furnace, building a permanent lining of the siphon tapping furnace on the leveling layer, then building the lower part of the furnace wall of the siphon tapping iron furnace, installing the siphon tapping iron furnace prefabricated member, and finally building the upper part of the furnace wall of the siphon tapping iron furnace;

d) building a furnace bottom working lining and a side wall: building a working lining and a side wall layer by adopting NJ-1 type refractory materials for bricks on the outer side of the third layer of lining body;

e) pouring a molten slag zone and a gas chamber of the smelting reduction furnace: firstly, installing a smelting reduction furnace slag area cooler device, welding a smelting reduction furnace copper plate on one side of the slag area cooler device close to a furnace shell, filling high and low temperature expansion refractory materials between the copper plate and the slag area cooler device, and pouring the whole area of the upper part of the furnace by using a self-flowing pouring material.

Preferably, the YJ-1 type refractory comprises the following main components (in percentage by weight): al2O3 is more than or equal to 85 percent;

the NJ-1 type refractory comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: al2O3 is more than or equal to 95 percent, and SiO2 is more than or equal to 4 percent;

the FB-1 type refractory material comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: al2O3 is more than or equal to 65 percent, and MgO is more than or equal to 30 percent;

the FB-2 type refractory material comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: al2O3 is more than or equal to 75 percent, and MgO is more than or equal to 20 percent.

Preferably, in the step b), before each layer of lining body is built, leveling is needed, and the refractory material in each layer of lining body is built in a staggered mode;

when the second layer of lining body is leveled, the brick-shaped structure, the matching size and the gap of the lining body need to be properly adjusted according to the field installation condition so as to meet the balance and the installation tolerance of the first layer of lining body and the third layer of lining body;

before each layer of lining body is built, a ramming material is used for filling annular seams between the lining bodies and the side wall lining of the peripheral area of the edge.

Preferably, in the step b), the second lining body is built from the central line to the periphery of the smelting reduction furnace, and the number of building layers is 3-5; the number of the third layer of lining body building layers is 5-7, the first 3-5 layers are fully paved in the building range of the second layer, the rest lower layers are built from the periphery to the center line, and the building process adopts a physical mode to be tightly combined.

Preferably, in the step c), the siphon iron furnace to molten reduction furnace tapping channel area is entirely provided with an insulating layer and a permanent lining.

Preferably, in the step c), the siphon tapping cupola permanent lining is built by three layers of standard bricks, the building direction is built according to a mode of building from the siphon port to the taphole step by step, the whole supporting structure is built from the lower part to the higher part, and the siphon tapping cupola side lining is built from the furnace shell to the tapping channel direction.

Preferably, the side wall of the smelting reduction furnace is provided with a residual iron hole, the installation height of the residual iron hole channel is equivalent to the height of the bottom lining of the furnace, the residual iron hole channel inclines outwards from the inside of the furnace at an angle of 0-15 degrees, the masonry inclination angle of the bottom of the furnace is within 8 degrees, and meanwhile, the residual iron hole channel is 3-13cm lower than the circumference of the bottom of the furnace.

Preferably, the special-shaped bricks are laid in the direction of the far-end circumferential area of the stub iron opening, and a prefabricated member is placed after the special-shaped bricks are laid, and the joint bricks are arranged near the prefabricated member.

Preferably, the side wall of the smelting reduction furnace is further provided with a slag discharging channel, the slag discharging channel is located at a slag-iron interface, the slag-iron interface is located at the center of the furnace bottom, the horizontal height is 2-3.5m upwards, and the slag discharging channel is built along with a furnace lining synchronously.

Preferably, the method further comprises a heat treatment process carried out on the built smelting reduction furnace, wherein the heat treatment process is divided into two stages:

the first stage is a high-temperature oxidation purging stage, wherein high-temperature oxidation gas enters the melting reduction furnace after being pressurized from the top of the melting reduction furnace, the air volume is 30000-Nm 3/h, the air pressure is 40-160 kpa, and the air temperature is gradually increased to 1000-1300 ℃ from the initial 250 ℃ of 100-1300 ℃ in a step increasing mode;

the second stage is a high-temperature combustion molding and cooling consolidation stage, the air volume is maintained at 40000-.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention develops a masonry method of integral casting and layered masonry molding for a smelting reduction furnace, adopts integral casting molding of a permanent lining, and multi-layer masonry of a furnace bottom lining and a working lining in steps, meets the environmental requirements of high temperature and high pressure in the smelting process, reduces the corrosion of slag to the furnace lining to the maximum extent, ensures that the furnace lining has good erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance, adapts to the corrosion of high FeO slag to refractory materials, and keeps higher mechanical performance and erosion resistance in the erosion and scouring processes of the slag.

Aiming at the specific smelting environment of the smelting reduction furnace, a special refractory material is developed, different refractory materials are selected at different positions, and a castable, a refractory brick and a part of prefabricated parts are reasonably selected, so that the requirement of the smelting environment in the furnace is met to the maximum extent, the service life of the refractory material of the smelting reduction furnace is prolonged, and the consumption of a solvent in the smelting process is reduced.

In addition, the smelting reduction furnace body built by the method has three-level safety protection measures, so that the safety of the smelting reduction furnace in an extremely high-strength smelting environment is greatly improved, and the safety of personnel and equipment is guaranteed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a smelting reduction furnace according to the present application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the plane A-A in the melting reduction furnace of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a refractory material at the bottom of the smelting reduction furnace shown in FIG. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane B-B in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner lining layer of the smelting reduction furnace in fig. 3.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a bottom portion of the smelting reduction furnace of FIG. 1.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a bottom portion of the smelting reduction furnace of fig. 1 from another perspective.

Wherein: 1-siphon-out iron furnace, 2-permanent liner, 3-furnace bottom liner, 4-anchoring piece, 5-first layer liner, 6-second layer liner, 7-third layer liner, 8-working liner, 9-slag zone cooler device, 10-residual iron channel, 11-slag discharge channel and 12-slag hole.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly explain the overall concept of the present application, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present application provides a method of constructing refractory in a smelting reduction furnace having an iron bath area, a slag area and a gas chamber, and further having a siphon-out iron furnace, the method comprising the steps of,

e) pouring a molten slag zone and a gas chamber of the smelting reduction furnace: and installing a slag zone cooler device, welding a copper plate on one side of the slag zone cooler device close to a furnace shell, filling a refractory material between the copper plate and the slag zone cooler device, and pouring the whole area of the upper part of the furnace by using a self-flowing pouring material.

The refractory material masonry method for the smelting reduction furnace provided by the invention has the advantages that refractory materials with different properties are selected according to the position of the furnace lining, and layered masonry forming is adopted, so that the thermal shock resistance and the erosion resistance are good, and the service life of the furnace lining is greatly prolonged.

Specifically, for cast molding of the permanent lining, the anchor is installed on the SRV furnace shell. And (3) installing a supporting mould from each template in the first row, pouring YJ-1 type pouring refractory, and removing the templates after the YJ-1 type pouring refractory is solidified for 24 hours. The permanent lining is formed by integral casting, so that the permanent lining is ensured to be in good contact with the furnace shell, gaps existing in the masonry process are avoided by integral casting, and the safety of the furnace shell is ensured to the greatest extent.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for the masonry of the furnace bottom lining, slurry NJ-1 is used for finding the horizontal plane on the cleaned and flat furnace bottom; the 0 ° axis is determined prior to installation and marked on the assembled hearth first layer lining. And constructing a second layer of lining body by using the FB-1 type refractory bricks from the center line, leaving a 50-80mm gap between the periphery of the second layer of lining body and the pouring permanent lining layer, and constructing 3-5 layers in total. And building a third layer of lining body made of FB-2 type refractory bricks in the same range, building 5-7 layers in total, fully paving the first 3-5 layers in the corresponding range, and building the 5-6 layers from the periphery inwards, wherein the building range meets the requirement of the inner diameter of the smelting reduction furnace. The total height of the refractory brick masonry furnace bottom lining is 900-1800 mm. Bricks between each layer are staggered, the number of layers is matched with the specification of the selected refractory bricks, slurry seams between layers are covered by NJ-1 type slurry, and expansion seams are not more than 5 mm. And (3) building a second layer of lining body, namely filling annular gaps between the first layer at the bottom and the side wall of the permanent lining with NJ-2 type ramming mass, and filling slurry layer by layer. 100-300 mm between the first layer and the third layer of bottom, find the horizontal plane with ramming mass NJ-2 type, be used for balancing the tolerance between two-layer brick and installation. And installing thermocouples at corresponding positions according to a drawing. The size of the ramming zone was about 800 x 800 mm. When in tamping, a stable rectangular template with the height of 150mm is needed, and the stirred mixture is filled in each area of the fixed template and is compacted by a vibrating plate. And (4) inspecting the layer thickness of the top of the template, and reserving a certain space in a special section during ramming construction.

And (3) building a third layer of lining body, determining 0-degree and 90-degree axes, marking the axes on the upper surface of the 2 nd layer at the bottom, and enabling the residual iron notch to be on the 0-degree axis. The orifice was treated and performed as follows: the bottom layer of the orifice and the permanent lining are rammed with NJ-2 ramming mass so that the orifice is at the same level as the first layer of the bottom. And (3) building the taphole brick by using wet slurry NJ-3. The taphole blocks need to be placed strictly on the axis. And (3) the distance between the inner surface of the brick in the taphole and the permanent lining is 1200-1600 mm, and then the special-shaped brick is dry-laid. The in-situ machining tilts the alignment of the contact with the tap hole toward the end of the tap hole. And then installing the special-shaped bricks along the 0-degree central line, and building the special-shaped bricks layer by layer in the 90-degree direction in the edge area. The block tolerances are compensated with NJ-3 wet mud only when needed. And leveling the third layer with dry slurry. Wet slurry is used between the vertical seams and with the seams of the preform. The transition part of the middle brick and the edge brick is filled by using a ramming material NJ-2 type below the first edge brick. And after a row of special-shaped bricks are arranged in the circumferential region direction far away from the side of the residual iron opening, wet mud NJ-3 type masonry is used among the special-shaped bricks. The tiles in the bottom peripheral region must be field machined to provide a gap of 30-100mm between the entire periphery of the bottom layer and the permanent liner. And finally, filling the circumferential gap with an NJ-2 type ramming mass. The compression rate of the filling layer during ramming is 10-30%. Before each layer of lining body is built, the annular seams of the lining bodies and the side wall lining of the peripheral area of the edge part are filled with ramming materials, so that no gap exists between the seam bodies and the density reaches the density of the naturally piled ramming materials.

For the masonry of the siphon tapping furnace, the permanent lining of the siphon tapping furnace is built by three layers of standard bricks, the masonry direction is in a mode of gradually building from a siphon port to a tapping hole, the integral supporting structure is built from low to high, and the side lining of the siphon tapping furnace is built from a furnace shell to a tapping channel.

Siphoning out the first layer of masonry at the bottom of the iron furnace, and finding a water level on the cleaned and flat furnace bottom plate by using slurry NJ-1. The siphon iron furnace was installed with the following slurry: GR-1 insulating bricks, NJ-1 slurry, NJ-3 slurry, NJ-4 slurry, FB-1 bricks, K-1 bricks and prefabricated parts. The slurry gap between the FB-1 brick and the K-1 brick is 2mm to 5 mm. The movable seam is as follows: dry slurry NJ-3 is used between the bottom permanent lining and the working lining, and the slurry gap is less than 3 mm.

A leveling layer YJ-1 with the thickness of 0-100mm is laid on a bottom steel shell of the siphon tapping furnace. And (4) before installation, determining whether the height difference between the top of the third bottom layer and the top of the leveling layer is consistent with a drawing, adjusting the thickness of the leveling layer according to requirements, and meeting the thickness deviation of the leveling layer. Cleaning a furnace bottom plate, pouring YJ-1 into the concave furnace shell, mixing the YJ-1 pouring material into the area template, troweling the pouring material, and leveling the top surface of the template by using the calibration template.

The bottom of the siphon tapping furnace is permanently lined, and three layers of standard bricks are built on a leveling layer by using NJ-1 mud. The expansion joint is arranged according to the description on the drawing, and the gap between the expansion joint and the furnace shell is filled with YJ-1. And (5) checking the height difference between the brick and the third layer of brick at the bottom of the SRV furnace during installation. And adjusting the slurry gap (1-3 mm) of the layer support if necessary. The top tiles must be placed precisely horizontally or problems may occur when placing the preforms.

Siphoning out the lower part of the furnace wall of the iron furnace, using FB-1 type refractory bricks in the front three layers of bricks of the side wall, and filling the gap between the FB-1 type refractory bricks and the shell by pouring YJ-1 type materials. And according to the arrangement of the expansion joints, the insulating bricks are bonded on the shell by using slurry NJ-4 from the fourth layer. And then, building the permanent lining layer by layer, filling 30-100mm expansion gaps between the permanent lining and the heat insulation bricks by using a ramming material NJ-2 type, and building a heat insulation layer, a ramming layer and the permanent lining between two side walls of the siphon tapping furnace until the position of a prefabricated member at the bottom of the siphon tapping furnace. Leaving a gap with the size of an orifice in the area of the iron outlet of the siphon tapping furnace. The area that can only be closed after the installation of the prefabricated member is finished.

The area of the passage from the smelting reduction furnace to the siphon tapping iron furnace is provided with an insulating layer and a permanent lining. When the vault is arranged by bricks, the arch mould is lowered to form a gap of 4mm between the heat insulation layer at the highest point of the vault and the bricks, and a necessary expansion space is ensured.

Siphoning out the prefabricated member of the iron furnace, and after the permanent lining of the passage area from the SRV furnace to the siphon tapping furnace and the permanent lining on the top of the prefabricated member in the siphon tapping furnace are installed, starting to install the prefabricated member. The preform is installed starting from the middle in the direction of the SRV furnace and the siphon-out cupola. Slurry NJ-3 is used for slurry seams among all the prefabricated parts. The installation of the heavy prefabricated member (230-.

All the preforms need to be fitted with anchor bolts and removed after installation. The openings of the anchor bolts are cast using YJ-2 type casting material. After all the preforms have been placed, the expansion gap between the preform and the permanent liner, which is 60-100mm wide, is filled with ramming material NJ-2. The loose mix was compressed to 15% during ramming. Setting dry slurry NJ-3 sliding seams on a prefabricated part layer and installing other prefabricated parts according to the following steps: the length of the siphon iron furnace extending into the siphon iron furnace must be more than 500mm away from the shell of the siphon iron furnace. The construction of the opening is then completed and the gap between the permanent lining and the preform is filled with a ramming mass of type NJ-2.

And continuously placing the prefabricated parts, installing the prefabricated parts at the upper parts of the communication positions of the SRV furnace and the siphon tapping furnace, and filling the gap between the permanent lining and the prefabricated parts from the SRV furnace end to the siphon tapping furnace end by using ramming materials NJ-2.

The upper part of the furnace wall of the siphon tapping furnace is firstly poured with a groove in the prefabricated member by YJ-2 type. Then the insulating bricks are built, and then the permanent lining FB-3 and the working lining SP-1 are laid, and please note that slurry seams with the thickness of 0-3mm are needed when all the bricks are built.

An NJ-2 ramming mass was used to lightly ramme the 50mm expansion joint between the insulating brick and the permanent lining. And (3) filling an expansion gap with the width of 30-100mm of the SRV furnace side by siphoning out by using NJ-2 type ramming. The permanent lining longitudinal expansion joint is arranged according to the description of the drawing, and the joint is plugged by combustible asphalt felt. Any residual mud impurities cannot be left in the expansion joint.

The dome above the preform is disposed in the permanent liner and the inner liner. The dome (plug layer) must terminate at a specific elevation. Therefore, the closing bricks need to be processed on site.

For the masonry of the working lining and the side wall of the furnace bottom, after the prefabricated member belonging to the siphon-out iron furnace is installed, the installation of the SRV furnace bottom lining can be started. And (4) starting from the prefabricated member, and respectively processing the connecting channel of the prefabricated member from the standard brick processing position. The blocks processed in the vertical direction are laid with slurry type NJ-1. The thickness of the side wall of the furnace body is 1000-2500 mm.

The horizontal seams and the gaps of the connecting channels with the prefabricated parts must not be filled with slurry. The original part of the hearth lining comprises a lining with the thickness of 400-700 mm and an outer lining with the thickness of 400-700 mm. And (3) building the polished SP-1 bricks layer by layer. The gap between the outer lining and the permanent lining must be 30-100 mm. And installing thermocouples at corresponding positions according to a drawing. The material table on the drawing shows the installed brick type, brick amount and expansion filler (asphalt felt) of each layer.

And (3) aligning errors in the height direction of the bricks by using dry mud NJ-1. And after the building of each layer of bricks of the outer ring is finished, a gap of 30-100mm between the outer ring bricks and the permanent lining is rammed by using a ramming material NJ-2. Compression of 15% of the blend means filling H100 mm and compression to H85 mm.

The closing door bricks of each layer need to be processed on site and built by wet mud NJ-1, and one access hole is sealed when the lining of the hearth is installed. And building a manhole partition wall by using standard bricks FB-3. From the beginning to the end course, the area between the brick and the casing was filled with 1400 ℃ ceramic fiber felt and the manhole cover was closed. And (5) flattening the surface of the brick layer in the partition wall by using dry mud NJ-3. The second manhole is kept open to ensure material transport when installing the hearth lining. Therefore, the outer layer installation work in the manhole area needs to be disconnected. And alternately paving the bricks layer by layer to form a V-shaped upward free opening.

As shown in fig. 3, 6 and 7, the side wall of the smelting reduction furnace is provided with a residual iron hole, the installation height of a channel of the residual iron hole is equivalent to the height of the bottom lining of the furnace, the channel of the residual iron hole is inclined outwards from the interior of the furnace at an angle of 0-15 degrees, and the channel of the residual iron hole is 3-13cm lower than the circumference of the bottom of the furnace. Building special-shaped bricks in the direction of the peripheral area at the far end of the residual iron notch, placing prefabricated parts after building the special-shaped bricks, arranging connecting bricks near the prefabricated parts, enabling a gap of 30-100mm to be formed between the whole periphery of the bottom layer and the permanent lining through the bricks in the peripheral area at the bottom, filling the gap with a ramming material, and enabling the compression rate of the ramming filling layer to be 10% -30%. The side wall of the smelting reduction furnace is also provided with a slag discharging channel, the slag discharging channel is positioned at a slag-iron interface, the slag-iron interface is positioned at the center of the furnace bottom, the horizontal height is 2-3.5m upwards, the slag discharging channel is built synchronously with the furnace lining, and the slag discharging channel is built preferentially in the building with the same height. Slag notch, use of slag notch prefabricated parts and other field processing requirements. The brick should be processed according to the shape of the prefabricated member. The slag notch and the opening of the underlying permanent lining need to be rammed to a basic level using a YJ-1 type. The preform is installed with slurry NJ-5.

The preform in the orifice and permanent lining area must be provided with a YJ-1 type peripheral ramming gap. The two side bricks are processed on site to be suitable for the prefabricated member in size.

For building a slag zone and a gas chamber of the smelting reduction furnace, after the slag zone cooler device is installed, a copper plate is welded on one side, close to a furnace shell, of a cooling wall, and then a TC-1 type powdery refractory material is filled in a 60-80mm high gap between the cooling plate and the slag zone cooler device.

In order to prevent the materials from falling into the gaps between the cooling plates, the foam plates are plugged into the gaps of 10-20mm between two adjacent cooling plates, then smearing construction is carried out, and the foam plates are pulled out when the smearing does not form strength. The use of a TC-1 self-flowing casting material as a single-layer lining is planned over the entire upper furnace area.

And (5) performing regional construction on the pouring mixture. The fluidity, setting property and hardening property of the mixture can be tested by making a template in a laboratory, and the proper fluidity, setting time and good appearance performance are taken as acceptance standards. The size of the areas depends on the size of the cooling wall, the gaps among the areas are construction gaps (non-expansion gaps), staggered masonry is adopted, and a furnace baking procedure can be started after the lining masonry is finished and at least the lining is solidified and hardened for 48 hours.

In the above-described embodiment, the requirements for the types and properties of various refractory materials are as follows:

example 2:

the refractory material masonry method for the smelting reduction furnace further comprises a heat treatment process carried out on the smelted smelting reduction furnace after masonry is completed, and the heat treatment process is divided into two stages:

specifically, before the SRV furnace is started and after the furnace baking procedure is started, the process is divided into two stages according to the requirement of the refractory temperature rise heat storage process:

the first stage is a high-temperature oxidation purging stage, wherein single high-temperature oxidation gas enters the melting reduction furnace after being pressurized from the top of the melting reduction furnace, the air volume is 30000-Nm 3/h, the air pressure is 40-160 kpa, and the air temperature is gradually increased to 1000-1300 ℃ from the initial 250 ℃ of 100-1300 ℃ in a step increasing mode. Hot air enters the SRV from a hot air spray gun at the top of the SRV, the air volume is 30000-.

Specifically, when the temperature median of the lower-layer refractory material at the bottom of the SRV furnace reaches more than 200 ℃, the temperature median of the refractory material at the middle area at the bottom reaches more than 430 ℃, and the temperature of the refractory material at the upper area at the bottom reaches more than 560 ℃, the quantity of combustible gas is increased to reach more than 4500 cubic meters per hour by calculating the heat value of natural gas and is kept for 12 hours, then the feeding of hot air and combustible gas is stopped, the feeding is kept for about 2 hours, and normal-temperature non-combustible gas is fed for cooling and consolidation.

The air flow rate is maintained at 40000-.

The first further stage comprises:

1) the average temperature is 100-;

2) the average temperature is 250 plus or minus 10 ℃, the heating speed is 25 ℃/h, the temperature is increased to 350 plus or minus 400 ℃ within 4h, and the holding time is 20 to 25 h;

3) the average temperature is 350 ℃ plus or minus 10 ℃, the temperature rise speed is 25 ℃/h, the temperature rise speed is 8h to 550 ℃ plus or minus 10 ℃, and the holding time is 20-30 h.

In the process, through reasonable temperature selection, temperature rise amplitude and heat preservation duration control, the temperature of 0-3 layers of

thermocouples

1, 2, 3 and 4 and the temperature of a siphon tapping furnace thermocouple 5 are stably raised, the temperature rise speed of the refractory material is strictly regulated and controlled through comprehensive evaluation of a plurality of measuring points such as embedded inside the refractory material and a temporary baking furnace thermocouple, the slow and sufficient removal of free water and crystal water in the refractory material can be ensured, and the cracking or peeling phenomenon in the temperature rise process of the refractory material is avoided.

A further second stage comprises:

1) the natural gas flow is 800-1000Nm3/h, and the maintaining time is 20-25 h;

2) the natural gas flow rate is 800-1000Nm3/h, 100Nm3/h is increased per hour, 5h is increased to 1300-1500Nm3/h, and the maintaining time is 10-15 h;

3) the natural gas flow rate is 1300-1500Nm3/h, 100Nm3/h is increased per hour, 5h is increased to 1800-2000Nm3/h, and the maintaining time is 10-15 h;

4) the natural gas flow rate is 1800-2000Nm3/h, 100Nm3/h is increased per hour, 5h is increased to 2300-2500Nm3/h, and the maintaining time is 10-15 h;

5) the natural gas flow rate is 2300-2500Nm3/h, 100Nm3/h is increased per hour, 5h is increased to 2800-3000Nm3/h, and the maintaining time is 10-15 h;

6) the natural gas flow rate is 2800-3000Nm3/h, 100Nm3/h is increased per hour, 5h is increased to 3300-3500Nm3/h, and the maintaining time is 10-15 h;

7) the natural gas flow rate is 3300-;

8) the natural gas flow rate is 3800 and 5000Nm3/h, 100Nm3/h is increased per hour, 5h is increased to 4300 and 4500Nm3/h, and the maintaining time is 50-60 h.

The stage is a temperature rise and heat storage stage of refractory materials, 0-3 layers of

thermocouples

1, 2, 3 and 4 are controlled by adjusting the amount of natural gas, the siphon tapping furnace thermocouple 5 is uniformly heated according to a set temperature rise curve, the furnace drying time is adjusted according to the actual temperature rise amplitude of the refractory materials, and the judgment basis for meeting the heat storage requirement of the refractory materials in the smelting reduction production process is that the temperature of the siphon tapping furnace thermocouple 5 reaches more than 650 plus-750 ℃ and the temperature of the first layer of thermocouple 2 reaches 620 plus-680 plus-30 ℃.

The method can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art in places which are not described in the invention.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for building refractory materials of a smelting reduction furnace, which is also provided with a siphon iron furnace, is characterized by comprising the following steps of,

2. The method for laying refractory bricks for a smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1,

the YJ-1 type refractory comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: al2O3 is more than or equal to 85 percent;

3. The method for building refractory bricks of a smelting reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein in the step b), before building each layer of lining body, leveling is needed, and the building of the refractory bricks in each layer of lining body is built in a staggered mode;

4. The method for laying refractory bricks for a smelting reduction furnace according to claim 3, wherein in the step b), the second lining is laid from the center line to the periphery of the smelting reduction furnace in 3 to 5 courses; the number of the third layer of lining body building layers is 5-7, the first 3-5 layers are fully paved in the building range of the second layer, the rest lower layers are built from the periphery to the center line, and the building process adopts a physical structure to be tightly combined.

5. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step c), the siphon-out iron furnace is provided with an insulating layer and a permanent lining throughout the area from the iron tap hole of the smelting reduction furnace.

6. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step c), the siphon-out type permanent lining of the iron furnace is constructed by three layers of standard bricks, the construction direction is such that the permanent lining is constructed by a step from the siphon port to the taphole, the entire support structure is constructed by a step from the lower side to the upper side, and the side lining of the siphon-out type iron furnace is constructed by a step from the shell to the tapping channel.

7. The method for laying refractory bricks of a smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the side walls of the smelting reduction furnace are provided with iron scrap ports, the installation height of the iron scrap port channels is equivalent to the height of the bottom lining, the iron scrap port channels are inclined outwards from the inside of the furnace at an angle of 0-15 degrees, and the iron scrap port channels are lower than the circumference of the bottom of the furnace by 3-13 cm.

8. The method of laying refractory bricks for a smelting reduction furnace according to claim 7, wherein a special-shaped brick is laid in a direction of a distal end peripheral region of the taphole, and a preform is placed after the special-shaped brick is laid, and a joining brick is placed in the vicinity of the preform.

9. The method for laying refractory material in a smelting reduction furnace according to claim 6, wherein a slag discharge channel is further formed in the side wall of the smelting reduction furnace, the slag discharge channel is located at a slag-iron interface, the slag-iron interface is located at the center of the furnace bottom, the horizontal height is 2-3.5m upwards, and the slag discharge channel is laid synchronously with a lining.

10. The method for laying refractory bricks of a smelting reduction furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a heat treatment process for the smelting reduction furnace after laying, wherein the heat treatment process is divided into two stages: