CN112108598B - Deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging and die forging method thereof - Google Patents
Deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging and die forging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wrought superalloy blade forging and a die forging method thereof, wherein the die forging method comprises the following steps: extruding and heating: the heating temperature is 950 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-60 min; extrusion forming; finish forging and heating: the heating temperature is 910-1060 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-60 min; finish forging to obtain a finish forged piece; the method provided by the invention can effectively realize the consistency of the quality of the forged piece, improve the qualification rate of the finished forged piece product and improve the quality of the finished forged piece product; the invention also discloses a deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging obtained by the die forging method, which has the advantages of no surface crack and internal structure meeting design requirements, can meet the requirements of the shape and size of an aeroengine blade and the performance at high temperature of 650-750 ℃, and meets the requirement of continuously improving the temperature bearing capacity of the blade material due to the performance and use requirements of the aeroengine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging processing of engine blades, in particular to a deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging and a die forging method thereof.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the performance and the use requirement of the aero-engine, the requirements on the performance of the material for manufacturing the aero-engine blade and the blade profile are higher and higher, and the existing material cannot meet the working condition requirement of the blade. The ultimate working temperature of the GH4169 alloy which is most widely applied at home and abroad at present is 650 ℃, and the requirement of an aeroengine blade on the material temperature bearing capacity cannot be met. The GH4169D alloy is an improved GH4169 alloy, and the service temperature is improved by at least 55 ℃ on the basis of the main advantages of the GH4169 alloy, so that the GH4169 alloy is considered as a 'next-generation GH4169 alloy'.
The GH4169D alloy is used as a novel nickel-based material, has the comprehensive advantages of good mechanical property, hot working and welding property of the GH4169 alloy and high use temperature of the GH4738 alloy, has the long-term use temperature of 704 ℃ (55 ℃ higher than that of the GH4169 alloy), is suitable for cost, has obvious advantages when being used as an aircraft engine material at the temperature of above 700 ℃, and can meet the performance requirements of the aircraft engine blade at the high temperature of 650-750 ℃. No precedent for producing the alloy blade forging is existed in China.
However, the GH4169D nickel-based superalloy structure is particularly sensitive to a hot working process, particularly for forging of a blade forging, the thickness difference between the blade root and the blade body of the blade is extremely large, the deformation difference is large, and the forged forging product is easy to have structural defects such as coarse crystals or mixed crystals. Therefore, the finished product of the forged piece has low percent of pass, and the finished product of the forged piece has poor quality, even leading to the scrapping of the forged piece.
The Chinese patent with publication number CN107598068A discloses a forging process of an aero-engine blade based on a nickel-based superalloy, which comprises the steps of blanking, lubricant coating, upset heating, upset forging, cleaning, lubricant coating, finish forging heating, finish forging, slicing, correcting heating, correcting, cleaning, heat treatment and final inspection. The mechanical property and the metallographic structure of the engine blade forged by the method meet the design requirements. However, the upsetting process has extremely high requirements on press equipment, otherwise, the upset forging cannot reach the required size of the forged piece due to insufficient tonnage of the press. The same problem is encountered in the above invention, and the solution is to divide the upsetting into two heats and to re-heat the forging in between. However, by adopting the method, because the forged piece is directly melted back after the first heating, the surface of the forged piece is not processed, the surface quality of the forged piece is different after the first heating, because the influence of the surface quality of the forging on heat transfer causes that the degree of the remelting supplement heating is difficult to control, and the surface of the forging is not sprayed with the glass lubricant, in the second hot upset forging, the friction is large, the grinding tool is damaged, and in the high-temperature heating process of the annealing, the grain structure refined by the first hot forging has grain growth behavior, so that the control difficulty of the refined grains is increased, the deformation of each hot forging in the two hot forging is controlled, the annealing time of the forged piece after the first hot is controlled, and the like, and the quality consistency of the blade forged piece after heat treatment is reduced.
Therefore, a new process for forging the blade by using the GH4169D nickel-based high-temperature alloy material is imperative, and the consistency of the quality of the forged piece can be effectively realized, the qualification rate of the finished product of the forged piece is improved, and the quality of the finished product of the forged piece is effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first object of the invention is to provide a die forging method of a deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging, which has the advantages that the forging process can effectively realize the consistency of the quality of the forging, improve the qualification rate of the finished product of the forging, improve the quality of the finished product of the forging, and ensure that the surface of the finished product of the forging has no cracks and the internal structure is uniform.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging which has the advantage of meeting the requirement of continuously improving the temperature bearing capacity of blade materials due to the performance and use requirements of an aeroengine.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a die forging method for a deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging comprises the following steps:
extruding and heating: heating the deformed high-temperature alloy bar at 950-1100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10-60 min;
extruding: extruding and forming the extruded and heated alloy bar to obtain an extruded piece, and cooling;
finish forging and heating: heating the obtained extruded part at 910-1060 deg.c for 5-60 min;
finish forging: and (5) performing finish forging on the extrusion piece after finish forging heating to obtain a finish forged piece, and cooling.
The invention is further configured to: the extrusion ratio in the extrusion step is between 2 and 9.
The invention is further configured to: in the finish forging step: the deformation of the blade root is 10-50%, and the deformation of the blade body section is 40-90%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the forging temperature and the deformation of the blade root and the blade body in the finish forging process are strictly controlled, the reasonable matching of the deformation temperature and the deformation is ensured, coarse grains and mixed grains of materials in the forging process can be effectively prevented, the high-quality forged piece with fine and uniform grains is obtained, the metallographic structure meets the design requirement, and the qualified rate of the forged piece finished product is improved.
The invention is further configured to: the deformed high-temperature alloy in the extrusion heating step is GH4169D alloy, and the chemical composition of the GH4169D alloy bar stock is as follows: zr: 0.001 to 0.1 wt%, C: less than or equal to 0.1 wt%, Cr: 12-20 wt%, Mo: 4 wt% or less, W: less than or equal to 6 wt%, Co: 5-12 wt%, Fe: not more than 14 wt%, Nb: 4-8 wt%, Al: 0.6-2.6 wt%, Ti: 0.4-1.4 wt%, P: 0.003 to 0.03 wt%, B: 0.003 to 0.015 wt%, and the balance being Ni.
The invention is further configured to: and spraying glass lubricant on the bar stock or the extruded part in the extrusion heating step and the finish forging heating step before heating.
The invention is further configured to: the specific operation of spraying the surface lubricant is as follows: and (3) placing the alloy bar or extrusion piece into a drying oven, heating to 80-250 ℃ for more than 20min, taking out the bar or extrusion piece from the drying oven, and spraying glass lubricant to obtain the bar or extrusion piece sprayed with the glass lubricant.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the spraying glass lubricant is in order to play to bar or extruded piece prevent oxidation and heat preservation effect, reduced follow-up forging in-process bar or extruded piece and mould between friction and the temperature drop.
The invention is further configured to: in the extrusion step, the total time of taking the bar out of the heating furnace chamber to the extrusion equipment and extruding is not more than 15 seconds;
the total time taken for the extrusion to be taken out from the heating furnace bore to the finish forging apparatus and finish forging in the finish forging step does not exceed 15 seconds.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a wrought superalloy blade forging is manufactured by the die forging method.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention provides a novel forging process of the blade forging made of the novel nickel-based wrought superalloy GH4169D, and provides a die forging process of the GH4169D alloy blade forging. The GH4169D nickel-based superalloy blade forging prepared by the method is detected, and the detected blade forging has good surface quality, complete appearance, no surface defects such as cracks, folding, pulling marks and the like; by macroscopic structure inspection, the metal streamline is continuous, and no obvious flow penetration and serious eddy are found; and through high-power structure inspection, the obtained forging has uniform internal structure and meets the requirement of grain size standard. After standard heat treatment, the forge piece is subjected to high-temperature tensile property detection at 704 ℃, so that the requirement of high-temperature tensile standard is met. By adopting the process, the consistency of the quality of the forged piece is realized, the qualification rate of the finished forged piece is improved, and the quality of the finished forged piece is effectively improved. In addition, the invention adopts a new die forging process of one-fire extrusion and one-fire finish forging, thereby simplifying the forging fire number, optimizing the forging process and leading the forging process to be simpler, more convenient and controllable.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a die forging method of a blade forging made of a novel nickel-based wrought superalloy GH4169D for the first time, which can obtain a uniform tissue state and good mechanical properties, can meet the use requirements, and breaks through the die forging process of the GH4169D alloy blade forging;
2. the die forging process is different from the existing die forging process, adopts a new die forging process of one-fire extrusion and one-fire finish forging, simplifies the forging fire number, optimizes the forging process and enables the forging process to be simpler, more convenient and more controllable;
3. according to the invention, the forging temperature and the deformation of the blade root and the blade body in the finish forging process are strictly controlled, so that the reasonable matching of the deformation temperature and the deformation is ensured, the coarse grains and mixed grains of the material in the forging process can be effectively prevented, the high-quality forged piece with fine and uniform grains is obtained, the metallographic structure meets the design requirement, and the qualified rate of the forged piece finished product is improved;
4. the GH4169D nickel-based superalloy blade forging prepared by the method has the advantages that the surface quality of the blade forging is good, the appearance is complete, and surface defects such as cracks, folding marks, pull marks and the like are avoided; by macroscopic tissue examination, the metal streamline is continuous, and no obvious flow penetration and serious vortex are found; the grain size meets the standard requirement through high power tissue inspection; the mechanical property detection shows that the standard requirements are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-blade grain structure of a blade forging produced in accordance with example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a root transverse grain structure of a blade forging produced in accordance with example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
The forging process of the present invention for a GH4169D Ni-based wrought superalloy based blade is described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that the examples are not specifically identified and are performed according to conventional or manufacturer suggested conditions.
The invention provides a die forging method of a blade forging piece obtained by die forging based on a novel nickel-based wrought superalloy GH4169D, the blade forging piece obtained by the die forging method can be applied to an aeroengine blade, a gas turbine engine blade and other application occasions, and the die forging method comprises the following steps:
extruding and heating: heating GH4169D alloy bar stock, wherein the GH4169D alloy bar stock has the following chemical composition: zr: 0.001 to 0.1 wt%, C: less than or equal to 0.1 wt%, Cr: 12-20 wt%, Mo: 4 wt% or less, W: less than or equal to 6 wt%, Co: 5-12 wt%, Fe: not more than 14 wt%, Nb: 4-8 wt%, Al: 0.6-2.6 wt%, Ti: 0.4-1.4 wt%, P: 0.003 to 0.03 wt%, B: 0.003 to 0.015wt percent, the balance being Ni, the heating temperature is 950-;
extruding: extruding and forming the extruded and heated GH4169D alloy bar to obtain an extruded part, wherein the extrusion ratio is 2-9, and cooling;
finish forging and heating: heating the obtained extruded part at 910-1060 deg.c for 5-60 min;
finish forging: and finally forging the extruded part subjected to final forging heating to obtain a final forged part, wherein during the final forging operation, the deformation of the blade root is 10-50%, the deformation of the blade body section is 40-90%, and cooling.
In the above processing process, the forged piece obtained before extrusion heating and finish forging heating and after finish forging can be subjected to surface processing means such as lubricant spraying, planetary finishing and the like on a bar stock or an extruded piece or a forged piece, which is described below with a specific embodiment, but the surface processing in the following embodiment is merely described as an example, and other surface processing means can be flexibly selected according to working conditions or purposes.
Example 1
A die forging method for a deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging comprises the following steps:
s1, planetary finishing: placing the qualified nickel-based superalloy GH4169D bar stock into a centrifugal machine, enabling the water level to be 2-3cm higher than that of the grinding material and the forging piece, and finishing for 10min to remove machining burrs and surface dirt of the bar stock;
s2, visual inspection and spray lubricant: placing the GH4169D bar material subjected to planetary finishing in the step S1 into an oven, heating the oven to 120 ℃ for 60min, taking out the bar material from the oven, spraying a glass lubricant, wherein the thickness of the coating is 0.10 +/-0.02 mm, and placing the bar material at room temperature for at least 1 hour after spraying to obtain the bar material sprayed with the glass lubricant;
s3, extrusion heating: and (5) charging the bar stock in the step S2 into a furnace and heating, wherein the furnace temperature is 950 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 60min during charging.
S4, extrusion: the extrusion ratio is 2, the bar stock is quickly taken out from the forging furnace and placed into an extrusion female die of a screw press, one end with a chamfer angle is placed into the extrusion die downwards, the bar stock is quickly hit to be extruded and molded to obtain an extruded piece, the total time of discharging, transferring and forging the blank does not exceed 15 seconds, and the extruded piece is taken out and cooled;
s5, planetary finishing: putting the bar into a centrifugal machine, wherein the water level is 2-3cm higher than that of the grinding material and the forged piece, finishing for 20min, cleaning the residual glass lubricant and oxide skin on the surface of the extruded piece, and removing reverse burrs at the head of the extruded piece;
s6, visual inspection and polishing defects: and (4) sequentially carrying out visual inspection and polishing and repairing defects on the extruded piece subjected to the planetary finishing. The defects of folds, burrs and the like of the rod part, the head part and the switching part of the extrusion part are visually checked, the defects of cracks, spirals, folds and the like of the rod part of the extrusion part are required to be avoided, the head part of the extrusion part is allowed to have slight reverse burrs, and the rod part is allowed to have slight strain. Firstly, using a coarse abrasive belt to polish and repair obvious defects of folding, pits, high points, burrs and the like, and then using a fine abrasive belt to polish and repair to remove traces. Smooth connection of the polishing and repairing positions is ensured;
s7, visual inspection and lubricant spraying: after visual inspection, spraying a glass lubricant, specifically, putting the extruded part into a drying oven, heating the extruded part to 120 ℃ for 60min, taking the extruded part out of the drying oven, spraying the glass lubricant, wherein the thickness of the coating is 0.08 +/-0.02 mm, and standing at room temperature for at least 1 hour after spraying to obtain the extruded part sprayed with the glass lubricant;
s8, finish forging and heating: charging the extruded part obtained in the step S7 into a furnace for heating, wherein the furnace temperature is 910 ℃ during charging, and the heat preservation time is 60 min;
s9, finish forging: rapidly taking out the extruded part from the forging furnace to a lower die of a screw press, rapidly striking to obtain a final forged part, wherein the total time of discharging, transferring and forging the blank is not more than 15 seconds, the deformation of a blade root is 10 percent, the deformation of the section of a blade body is 40 percent, taking out the final forged part and cooling to obtain the final forged part;
s10, sequentially carrying out sand blasting cleaning, edge cutting, vibration finishing and alkali washing on the surface of the final forging to treat the surface of the final forging, and removing a glass lubricant and an oxide skin on the surface of the final forging, wherein the sand blasting cleaning is to carry out sand blasting cleaning on the final forging by using a 60-mesh or 80-mesh white corundum sand medium, clean the residual glass lubricant and the oxide skin on the surface of the final forging and remove burrs on the surface of the final forging; and vibration finishing is to load the finish forging into a vibration finishing machine, wherein the finishing time is 2h, discharge and clean the finish forging after finishing, and remove the finishing liquid remained on the surface of the part.
Example 2
A die forging method of a wrought superalloy blade forging is carried out according to the method in embodiment 1, and the difference is that:
s3, extrusion heating: and (5) charging the bar stock in the step S2 into a furnace for heating, wherein the furnace temperature is 1100 ℃ during charging, and the heat preservation time is 10 min.
S4: extruding: the extrusion ratio is 9, a bar stock is quickly taken out from a forging furnace and placed into an extrusion female die of a screw press, one end with a chamfer angle faces downwards and is placed into an extrusion die, the bar stock is quickly hit to be extruded and formed to obtain an extruded piece, the total time of discharging, transferring and forging the blank is not more than 15 seconds, and the extruded piece is taken out and cooled;
s8, finish forging and heating: charging the extruded part obtained in the step S7 into a furnace and heating, wherein the furnace temperature is 1060 ℃ during charging and the heat preservation time is 5 min;
s9, finish forging: and (3) quickly taking out the extruded part from the forging furnace to the lower die of the screw press, quickly striking to obtain a final forged part, wherein the total time of discharging, transferring and forging the blank is not more than 15 seconds, the deformation of the blade root is 50%, the deformation of the blade body section is 90%, and taking out the final forged part to cool to obtain the final forged part.
Example 3
The die forging method of the deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging piece is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that:
s3, extrusion heating: and (5) charging the bar stock in the step (S2) into a furnace and heating, wherein the furnace temperature is 1060 ℃ during charging, and the heat preservation time is 25 min.
S4: extruding: the extrusion ratio is 6, the bar stock is quickly taken out from the forging furnace and placed into an extrusion female die of a screw press, one end with a chamfer angle faces downwards and is placed into an extrusion die, the bar stock is quickly hit to be extruded and formed to obtain an extruded piece, the total time of discharging, transferring and forging the blank is not more than 15 seconds, and the extruded piece is taken out and cooled;
s8, finish forging and heating: charging the extruded part obtained in the step S7 into a furnace, and heating, wherein the furnace temperature is 1030 ℃ during charging, and the heat preservation time is 15 min;
s9, finish forging: and (3) quickly taking out the extruded part from the forging furnace to the lower die of the screw press, quickly striking to obtain a final forged part, wherein the total time of discharging, transferring and forging the blank is not more than 15 seconds, the deformation of the blade root is 30 percent, the deformation of the blade body section is 65 percent, and taking out the final forged part to cool to obtain the final forged part.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The die forging method of the deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 3, and is characterized in that the furnace temperature is 930 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 80min when the bar is charged in the extrusion heating in the step S3.
Comparative example 2
The die forging method of the deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 3, and the difference is that the furnace temperature is 1120 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 5min when the bar stock is charged in the extrusion heating in the step S3.
Comparative example 3
The die forging method of the wrought superalloy blade forging is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 3, and the difference is that in the step S8, when the final forging heating extrusion piece is charged, the furnace temperature is 890 ℃, and the holding time is 80 min.
Comparative example 4
The die forging method of the wrought superalloy blade forging is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 3, and the difference is that in the step S8, when the extrusion piece in the finish forging and heating process is charged into a furnace, the furnace temperature is 1080 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 min.
Performance detection
1. Grain structure detection
The method provided by the embodiment 1-3 is adopted to successfully produce 100 pieces of GH 4169D-based nickel-base superalloy blade forgings respectively, and 100% visual inspection shows that the forgings have good surface quality and no defects such as cracks and folds on the surfaces, the quality consistency and the qualification rate of the mass-produced forgings are improved, and the forgings have good quality.
The blade forgings obtained in example 3 were randomly extracted and metallographic structure observation was performed, the high-power crystal grain morphology is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a transverse blade body crystal grain structure with a grain size of 10-grade or finer, the distribution is uniform, no obvious fine-grain shear band exists, and fig. 2 is a transverse blade root crystal grain structure with a grain size of 7-grade or finer.
2. Mechanical property detection
The blade forgings obtained in the embodiments 1 to 3 are subjected to standard heat treatment, then the mechanical properties of the forgings obtained after the heat treatment are detected, and tensile test detection is carried out at high temperature (704 ℃) according to GB/T228.2-2015 'method for high temperature tensile test of metal materials', and the detection results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 high temperature tensile Properties of blade forgings
| Sample (I) | Tensile strength (σ)m）/Mpa | Yield strength (sigma)0 .2）/Mpa | Elongation (delta)5）/% | Reduction of area (phi)% |
| Example 1 | 1120 | 900 | 16 | 17 |
| Example 2 | 1110 | 870 | 13 | 15 |
| Example 3 | 1160 | 940 | 18 | 20 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1070 | 840 | 11 | 13 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1050 | 820 | 10 | 12 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1030 | 790 | 9 | 10 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1000 | 760 | 8 | 9 |
As can be seen from the above Table 1, the tensile properties of the blade forging obtained by the die forging process of the invention at 704 ℃ can reach the following ranges: tensile strength (σ)m) 1050MPa or more and yield strength (sigma)0.2) Not less than 850MPa, large margin and excellent mechanical property. In addition, when the extrusion heating temperature and the finish forging heating temperature are too low, the strength and the plasticity of the forged blade are reduced, and the use requirement is not met; when the extrusion heating temperature and the finish forging heating temperature are too high, the strength and the plasticity of the forged blade are obviously reduced, and the use requirement is not met. Moreover, the strength of the obtained alloy forging meets the requirement by adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, and the forging with uniform and fine structure is obtained by reasonably selecting and matching the deformation temperature and the deformation amount, so that the strength of the forging is increased and the plasticity is also increased by the fine-grain strengthening effect, and the use requirement of the product is met.
In conclusion, the blade forged by the novel nickel-based superalloy GH4169D alloy through the die forging process provided by the invention has the advantages that the surface quality of the blade forged piece is detected, the appearance is complete, and surface defects such as cracks, folding marks, pull marks and the like are avoided; by macroscopic structure inspection, the metal streamline is continuous, and no obvious flow penetration and serious eddy are found; the size, surface integrity and metallographic structure of the blade profile completely meet the design requirements of the blade, the die forging forming of GH4169D alloy is realized, the internal structure of the obtained forged piece is uniform, the mechanical property is excellent, and the use performance of the blade at the high temperature of 650-750 ℃ is met.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The die forging method of the deformed high-temperature alloy blade forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
extruding and heating: heating the alloy bar stock at 1100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10-60 min;
extruding: extruding and forming the extruded and heated alloy bar according to the extrusion ratio of 2-9 to obtain an extruded piece, and cooling; the total time of taking the alloy bar out of the heating furnace chamber to the extrusion equipment and extruding is not more than 15 seconds;
finish forging and heating: heating the obtained extruded piece at 1060 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 5-60 min;
finish forging: carrying out finish forging on the extrusion piece subjected to finish forging heating to obtain a finish forged piece, and cooling; the deformation of the blade root of the finish forging is 10-50%, and the deformation of the section of the blade body is 40-90%; the total time of taking the extruded part out of the heating furnace hearth to the finish forging equipment and the finish forging is not more than 15 seconds;
the wrought superalloy is GH4169D alloy, and comprises the following chemical components: zr: 0.001 to 0.1 wt%, C: less than or equal to 0.1 wt%, Cr: 12-20 wt%, Mo: 4 wt% or less, W: less than or equal to 6 wt%, Co: 5-12 wt%, Fe: not more than 14 wt%, Nb: 4-8 wt%, Al: 0.6-2.6 wt%, Ti: 0.4-1.4 wt%, P: 0.003 to 0.03 wt%, B: 0.003 to 0.015 wt% of Ni;
the grain size of the transverse grain structure of the blade body of the final forging piece is 10 grades, and the grain size of the transverse grain structure of the blade root is 7 grades.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of heating the billet or extrusion by extrusion and the step of heating by finish forging are performed by glass lubricant spraying operation before heating.
3. The die forging method for deforming the high-temperature alloy blade forging as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific operation of spraying the glass lubricant is as follows: and (3) placing the alloy bar or the extruded part into a drying oven, heating to 80-250 ℃ for more than 20min, taking out the bar or the extruded part from the drying oven, and spraying glass lubricant to obtain the bar or the extruded part sprayed with the glass lubricant.
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