CN112103529A - Metal bipolar plate of fuel cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal bipolar plate of fuel cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112103529A CN112103529A CN202010868237.7A CN202010868237A CN112103529A CN 112103529 A CN112103529 A CN 112103529A CN 202010868237 A CN202010868237 A CN 202010868237A CN 112103529 A CN112103529 A CN 112103529A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
- H01M8/0208—Alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0226—Composites in the form of mixtures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The application relates to a fuel cell metal bipolar plate and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells. The preparation method of the fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps: step S01: shearing and grinding the metal material at 50-500 ℃ for 1-48h to obtain metal powder; step S02: drying the metal powder in the step S01 to obtain dried metal powder; then screening the dried metal powder to obtain a 3D printing metal material; step S03: and 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell. The application has the advantages of simple operation, low manufacturing cost and short preparation time, 3D printing can be carried out on the 3D printed metal material according to actual needs, and the required fuel cell metal bipolar plate can be obtained through one-step forming preparation. The prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a metal bipolar plate of a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fuel cell is a device for generating electric energy by using the chemical conversion of fuel and oxygen to generate water, and mainly comprises a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a current collector and accessories. The bipolar plate is used as a core component of the fuel cell and can be prepared from graphite plates, metals or metal oxides. The bipolar plate is the main place for fluid distribution, and the flow channel with reasonable design can uniformly disperse the fluid on the surface of the membrane electrode, thereby effectively improving the performance of the cell. The flow channel has more fine structures and complex design, so the precision requirement for the manufacture of the metal bipolar plate is higher. The traditional metal bipolar plate has complex manufacturing process, needs processes such as casting, electroplating and the like, has complex and long manufacturing route and higher time cost. In addition, the metal plate needs to be polished in the traditional manufacturing process, so that metal materials are wasted, the forming precision is low, and the tolerance of the obtained metal plate is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a fuel cell metal bipolar plate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method has simple process and low manufacturing cost, and the metal bipolar plate prepared under the same condition has uniform and stable performance and smaller tolerance and can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell, including the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding the metal material at 50-500 ℃ for 1-48h to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder in the step S01 to obtain dried metal powder; then screening the dried metal powder to obtain a 3D printing metal material;
step S03: and 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
Further, in step S01,
the metal material is a metal simple substance, a mixture composed of at least two metal simple substances, or an alloy of the metal simple substances.
The metal simple substance is one of copper, zirconium, titanium, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, aluminum, palladium, zinc, iron, cobalt, chromium, gold, manganese, tin, iridium, ruthenium, indium or lanthanide series metal.
Preferably, the metal material is copper, titanium alloy or stainless steel.
The pressure of the shearing grinding is 1-300MPa, preferably 100 MPa.
The shearing and grinding are carried out under the condition of ultrasound, and the frequency of the ultrasound is 5-150KHZPreferably 40KHZ。
The time for the shear milling is preferably 24 hours.
Further, in step S02,
the drying condition is drying at 120-150 ℃ for 9-12h, preferably drying at 150 ℃ for 10 h.
The screening is performed by adopting a screen with 100 meshes and 300 meshes, and preferably is performed by adopting a screen with 100 meshes.
Further, in step S03,
the 3D printing is performed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) with the following operating conditions: the frequency of the laser is 20-900KHz, the power of the laser is 10-500W, the diameter of a light spot of the laser is 0.1-10mm, the scanning speed of the laser is 0.1-10mm/s, and the scanning interval of the laser is 0.1-2 mm.
The 3D printing is performed by electron beam melting molding (EBM) with the following operating conditions: the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, and the scanning speed of the electron beam is 0-1000 m/s.
The 3D printing is performed by a Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) technology, and the operation steps are as follows: and (3) locally melting the metal matrix by using a high-energy laser beam and controlling by using 3D model data, sintering and solidifying the powder metal material and automatically stacking the stratum layers to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
The 3D printing is performed by electron beam free form fabrication (EBF), and the operation steps are as follows: in a vacuum environment, electron beams with high energy density bombard the surface of metal to form a molten pool, metal wires are fed into the molten pool through a wire feeding device and melted, and simultaneously the molten pool moves according to a pre-planned path, so that the metal materials are solidified and accumulated layer by layer to form compact metallurgical bonding, and the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell is obtained.
The 3D printing is performed by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and the operation steps are as follows: the metal fuse wire is extruded from the heated nozzle, and the melt deposition is carried out at a fixed speed according to the preset track of each layer of the part, so as to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides the fuel cell metal bipolar plate obtained by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the preparation method is simple to operate, low in manufacturing cost and short in preparation time, the 3D printing metal material can be rapidly subjected to 3D printing according to actual needs, and the required fuel cell metal bipolar plate is prepared through one-step forming. The prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has good flexibility and excellent mechanical property and electrical property, and can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top and bottom … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method overcomes the defects of complex process flow, long manufacturing period, low raw material utilization rate, low manufacturing precision, difficulty in manufacturing the plate body with a complex structure and the like in the traditional method for manufacturing the fuel cell bipolar plate, and can quickly obtain the fuel cell metal bipolar plate with a fine structure on the surface. In the application, the metal bipolar plate with the fine structure surface can be obtained without manufacturing a mold with a complex structure and mold opening operation, and redundant metal materials can be recycled, so that the consumption of materials is reduced, and the cost is further effectively reduced.
Specifically, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell, including the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding the metal material at 50-500 ℃ for 1-48h to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder in the step S01 to obtain dried metal powder; then screening the dried metal powder to obtain a 3D printing metal material;
step S03: and 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
Specifically, in step S01,
the metal material is a simple metal, a mixture (the mixture refers to a physical mixture) composed of at least two simple metals, or an alloy of the simple metals.
The metal simple substance is one of copper, zirconium, titanium, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, aluminum, palladium, zinc, iron, cobalt, chromium, gold, manganese, tin, iridium, ruthenium, indium or lanthanide series metal.
Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, the metal material is copper, titanium alloy or stainless steel (the type of stainless steel has no special requirement, and can implement the solution of the present application).
The metal materials are selected to be different, and the shearing and grinding temperature can be different according to actual requirements, for example, when copper is selected as the metal material, the shearing and grinding temperature is generally 50 ℃; if stainless steel is selected as the metal material, the temperature of the shear grinding is generally 60 ℃.
The shear grinding pressure is 1 to 300MPa, preferably 100 MPa. The shearing and grinding pressure can be different according to actual requirements due to different selected metal materials, and generally speaking, the shearing and grinding pressure of the metal materials selected in the application is 100MPa, so that the requirements can be met.
The shearing and grinding are carried out under the condition of ultrasound, and the frequency of the ultrasound is 5-150KHZPreferably 40KHZ. Of a different metal material selected, shear-milledThe ultrasonic frequency may vary according to the actual requirements, and in general, for the metal material selected for the application, the pressure of the shear grinding is 40KHZThe requirements can be met.
In the present application, the time for the shear grinding is preferably 24 hours.
Further, in step S02,
the drying condition is drying at 120-150 ℃ for 9-12h, preferably drying at 150 ℃ for 10 h.
The screening is performed by adopting a screen with 100 meshes and 300 meshes, and preferably is performed by adopting a screen with 100 meshes. The mesh numbers are selected, so that the required fuel cell metal bipolar plate can be obtained by one-step forming while the 3D printing requirement is met, and the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has good flexibility, excellent mechanical property and electrical property and can meet the requirement of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Further, in step S03,
the 3D printing is performed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) with the following operating conditions: the frequency of the laser is 20-900KHz, the power of the laser is 10-500W, the diameter of a light spot of the laser is 0.1-10mm, the scanning speed of the laser is 0.1-10mm/s, and the scanning interval of the laser is 0.1-2 mm.
The 3D printing is performed by electron beam melting molding (EBM) with the following operating conditions: the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, namely the power of the electron beam is larger than zero and smaller than 4KW, and the scanning speed of the electron beam is 0-1000m/s, namely the scanning speed of the electron beam is larger than zero and smaller than 1000 m/s.
The 3D printing is performed by a Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) technology, and the operation steps are as follows: and (3) locally melting the metal matrix by using a high-energy (only melting the metal material) laser beam under the control of 3D model data, sintering and solidifying the powder metal material, and automatically stacking the layers to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
The 3D printing is performed by electron beam free form fabrication (EBF), and the operation steps are as follows: in a vacuum environment, electron beams (the power of the electron beams is larger than zero and smaller than 4 KW) with high energy density (only metal materials can be melted) bombard the surface of metal to form a molten pool, metal wires are fed into the molten pool through a wire feeding device and melted, the molten pool moves according to a pre-planned path, and the metal materials are solidified and accumulated layer by layer to form compact metallurgical bonding, so that the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell is obtained.
The 3D printing is performed by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and the operation steps are as follows: the metal fuse wire is extruded from the heated nozzle, and the melt deposition is carried out at a fixed speed according to the preset track of each layer of the part, so as to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides the fuel cell metal bipolar plate obtained by the preparation method.
The preparation method is simple to operate, low in manufacturing cost and short in preparation time, the 3D printing metal material can be rapidly subjected to 3D printing according to actual needs, and the required fuel cell metal bipolar plate is prepared through one-step forming. The prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has good flexibility and excellent mechanical property and electrical property, and can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 1
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding copper metal for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 through a selective laser melting technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 200W, the diameter of the facula is about 1mm, the scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 2
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding copper metal for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 through a direct metal laser sintering technology according to a drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the laser power is 200W, the diameter of the facula is about 1mm, the scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 3
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding copper metal for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printed metal material obtained in the step S02 by a direct electron beam melting and forming technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, the melting speed is 0.3-0.5m/s, the scanning speed of the electron beam is 0-1000m/s, and the scanning distance is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 4
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding copper metal for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printed metal material obtained in the step S02 by an electron beam free forming manufacturing technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the vacuum degree is 0.013Pa, and the power of the electron gun is 42 KW.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 5
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding the stainless steel for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, the pressure of 100MPa and the ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 through a selective laser melting technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 200W, the diameter of the facula is about 1mm, the scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 6
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding the stainless steel for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, the pressure of 100MPa and the ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printed metal material obtained in the step S02 by a direct electron beam melting and forming technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, the melting speed is 0.3-0.5m/s, the scanning speed of the electron beam is 0-1000m/s, and the scanning distance is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 7
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding the titanium alloy for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printed metal material obtained in the step S02 by an electron beam free forming manufacturing technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the vacuum degree is 0.013Pa, and the power of the electron gun is 42 KW.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Example 8
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding the titanium alloy for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printed metal material obtained in the step S02 by a direct electron beam melting and forming technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, the melting speed is 0.3-0.5m/s, the scanning speed of the electron beam is 0-1000m/s, and the scanning distance is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
The preparation method is simple to operate, low in manufacturing cost and short in preparation time, so that the prepared paste can be suitable for 3D printing by adopting a selective laser sintering technology, and the required fuel cell bipolar plate can be quickly prepared according to actual needs; the prepared bipolar plate has good flexibility and excellent mechanical property and electrical property, and can meet the requirements of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding copper metal for 24 hours at 30 ℃, under the pressure of 100MPa and the ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 100 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 through a selective laser melting technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 200W, the diameter of the facula is about 1mm, the scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, due to the influence of the shearing and grinding temperature and the drying temperature, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has poor uniformity and large tolerance, and does not meet the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding copper metal for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 through a selective laser melting technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 5W, the diameter of the facula is about 1mm, the scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning interval is 3.0 mm.
Through detection, due to the influence of laser power and scanning distance, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has poor uniformity and large tolerance, and does not meet the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding copper metal for 24 hours at 50 ℃, 100MPa and 40KHz ultrasonic frequency to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder obtained in the step S01 at 150 ℃ for 10h to obtain dried metal powder; then, sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
step S03: 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 through a selective laser melting technology according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 200W, the spot diameter is about 20mm, the scanning speed is 15.0mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.5 mm.
Through detection, due to the influence of the diameter of the light spot and the scanning speed, the prepared metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell has poor uniformity and large tolerance, and does not meet the relevant requirements of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S01: shearing and grinding the metal material at 50-500 ℃ for 1-48h to obtain metal powder;
step S02: drying the metal powder in the step S01 to obtain dried metal powder; then screening the dried metal powder to obtain a 3D printing metal material;
step S03: and 3D printing the 3D printing metal material obtained in the step S02 according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S01, the metal material is a simple metal, a mixture of at least two simple metals, or an alloy of the simple metals.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the metal element is one of copper, zirconium, titanium, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, aluminum, palladium, zinc, iron, cobalt, chromium, gold, manganese, tin, iridium, ruthenium, indium, or a lanthanide metal.
4. The method of manufacturing a fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the metallic material is copper, titanium alloy, or stainless steel.
5. The method of manufacturing a fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the shear grinding is 1 to 300Mpa in step S01; the shearing and grinding are carried out under the condition of ultrasound, and the frequency of the ultrasound is 5-150KHZ；
In step S02, the drying condition is drying at 120-150 ℃ for 9-12 h; the screening is performed by adopting a screen with 100-300 meshes.
6. The method of manufacturing a fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing is performed by a selective laser melting technique in step S03 under the following operating conditions: the frequency of the laser is 20-900KHz, the power of the laser is 10-500W, the diameter of a light spot of the laser is 0.1-10mm, the scanning speed of the laser is 0.1-10mm/s, and the scanning interval of the laser is 0.1-2 mm.
7. The method of manufacturing a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing is performed by an electron beam melting molding technique in step S03 under the following operating conditions: the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, and the scanning speed of the electron beam is 0-1000 m/s.
8. The method for manufacturing a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein in step S03, the 3D printing is performed by a direct metal laser sintering technique, and the steps are as follows: and locally melting the metal matrix by using a laser beam under the control of 3D model data, sintering and solidifying the powder metal material and automatically stacking the layers to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the 3D printing is performed by electron beam free forming fabrication in step S03, and the steps of: in a vacuum environment, bombarding the metal surface by using an electron beam to form a molten pool, feeding a metal wire into the molten pool through a wire feeding device and melting the metal wire, moving the molten pool according to a pre-planned path, and solidifying and accumulating the metal material layer by layer to form compact metallurgical bonding to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the 3D printing is carried out by a fused deposition modeling method, and the operation steps are as follows: the metal fuse wire is extruded from the heated nozzle, and the melt deposition is carried out at a fixed speed according to the preset track of each layer of the part, so as to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
10. A fuel cell metal bipolar plate produced by the method for producing a fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202010868237.7A CN112103529A (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Metal bipolar plate of fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2020/116340 WO2022041351A1 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-09-19 | Metal bipolar plate for fuel cell and preparation method therefor |
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| CN112713281A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-04-27 | 范钦柏 | Fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack |
| RU2750394C1 (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-28 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Инновационный центр "Бирюч" (ЗАО "ИЦ "Бирюч") | Block of solid oxide fuel cells with 3d printed ceramic frame plates and monopolar switching |
| CN113328113A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Preparation method of solid oxide fuel cell/electrolytic cell connector |
| CN114635149A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-17 | 中国电建集团城市规划设计研究院有限公司 | Bipolar plate and preparation method thereof |
| WO2022147740A1 (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-07-14 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Electrochemical reaction apparatus and manufacturing method therefor |
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