CN112098507A - Pipe wall defect determining method - Google Patents
Pipe wall defect determining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112098507A CN112098507A CN202010843423.5A CN202010843423A CN112098507A CN 112098507 A CN112098507 A CN 112098507A CN 202010843423 A CN202010843423 A CN 202010843423A CN 112098507 A CN112098507 A CN 112098507A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining pipe wall defects, which comprises the following steps: measuring the pipe wall by utilizing triaxial high-definition magnetic leakage internal detection to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, and searching a corresponding defect type from a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the magnetic leakage signal so as to obtain the defect type of the pipe wall; the generation mode of the defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table comprises the following steps: preparing a test sample of artificial defects having a known defect type in advance; and measuring the test sample through a magnetic leakage signal measuring device to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, recording the corresponding relation between the magnetic leakage signal and the defect type, and generating a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the corresponding relation. By this, the defect type of the pipe wall can be quickly known. The invention is mainly used for the technical field of testing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to a method for determining pipe wall defects.
Background
The long-distance pipeline is one of the main modes for transporting petroleum, natural gas, finished oil and other media at home and abroad, has large transportation capacity, is not limited by other factors such as climate, ground and the like, and has low cost, safety, high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection. But the pipeline is damaged by external force, corroded by medium, washed and the like in the construction period and the operation process after the construction, so that the manufacturing defects, the corrosion defects, the welding seam defects and the like can not be avoided. Serious defects threaten the safe operation of the pipeline and even can cause the pipeline to fail so as to cause safety accidents.
The triaxial high-definition magnetic flux leakage internal detection technology is the most widely applied technology at present, the generated signal is strong and stable, sensitive to defects and low in requirement on the degree of cleanness in the tube. The principle is that a permanent magnet carried by the detector saturates and magnetizes a small section of local pipe wall through which the detector passes, when the pipe wall is intact, most of magnetic lines of force on the pipe wall pass through the pipe wall, and no leakage magnetic field exists near the probe, so that a magnetic sensor on the probe cannot detect a leakage magnetic signal; when the pipe wall has volume type defects, magnetic lines of force cannot completely pass through the metal pipe wall, so that a leakage magnetic field is generated at the defects, and then the leakage magnetic probe can detect a leakage magnetic signal. The existing method for determining the defect type of the pipeline is to detect the pipeline wall through triaxial high-definition magnetic flux leakage internal detection to obtain a magnetic flux leakage signal, and then determine the defect type through analyzing the magnetic flux leakage signal. However, this determination method requires analysis each time to determine the type of defect, which is very inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for determining a wall defect of a pipe, which solves one or more of the problems of the prior art, and provides at least one useful alternative or creation.
The solution of the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a method of pipe wall defect determination, comprising: measuring the pipe wall by utilizing triaxial high-definition magnetic leakage internal detection to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, and searching a corresponding defect type from a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the magnetic leakage signal so as to obtain the defect type of the pipe wall; the generation mode of the defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table comprises the following steps: preparing a test sample of artificial defects having a known defect type in advance; and measuring the test sample through a magnetic leakage signal measuring device to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, recording the corresponding relation between the magnetic leakage signal and the defect type, and generating a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the corresponding relation.
Further, the leakage magnetic signal measuring apparatus includes: frame, tray, pulling equipment and magnetic circuit, the frame is equipped with the track, the tray is equipped with the pulley, the tray be located orbital top and through the pulley with the track is connected, pulling equipment is used for pulling the tray along rail movement, magnetic circuit is located orbital below, magnetic circuit includes: the magnetic circuit comprises a magnetic circuit base body, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a magnetic leakage probe, wherein the first permanent magnet, the magnetic leakage probe and the second permanent magnet are sequentially arranged along a track, the N pole of the first permanent magnet faces the track, the S pole of the first permanent magnet is connected with the magnetic circuit base body, the S pole of the second permanent magnet faces the track, the N pole of the second permanent magnet is connected with the magnetic circuit base body, the frame is a non-magnetic material component, the magnetic circuit base body is a magnetic material component, and the test sample is plate-shaped.
Further, a first steel brush close to the tray is arranged on the N pole of the first permanent magnet.
Further, a second steel brush close to the tray is arranged on the S pole of the second permanent magnet.
Further, the specific method for obtaining the leakage magnetic signal by measuring the test sample through the leakage magnetic signal measuring device comprises the following steps: put into the tray with test sample on, utilize pulling equipment to drive the tray and move on the track to make the artifical defect department of test sample is drawn across to the magnetic leakage probe, record magnetic leakage probe reading and obtain the magnetic leakage signal.
Further, the first permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron, and the second permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron.
Further, the magnetic field intensity of the first permanent magnet is the same as that of the second permanent magnet.
Furthermore, the magnetic circuit substrate, the first steel brush and the second steel brush are all provided with ferromagnetic material components.
Further, the frame is 6061 aluminum alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: provided is a pipe wall defect determining method, including: measuring the pipe wall by utilizing triaxial high-definition magnetic leakage internal detection to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, and searching a corresponding defect type from a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the magnetic leakage signal so as to obtain the defect type of the pipe wall; the generation mode of the defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table comprises the following steps: preparing a test sample of artificial defects having a known defect type in advance; and measuring the test sample through a magnetic leakage signal measuring device to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, recording the corresponding relation between the magnetic leakage signal and the defect type, and generating a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the corresponding relation. By this, the defect type of the pipe wall can be quickly known.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a method of wall defect determination;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a leakage magnetic signal measuring apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic circuit system;
fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the leakage magnetic signal measuring apparatus.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific structure, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, all the coupling/connection relationships mentioned herein do not mean that the components are directly connected, but mean that a better coupling structure can be formed by adding or reducing coupling accessories according to specific implementation conditions. All technical characteristics in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of not conflicting with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, a pipe wall defect determining method includes:
step 1, measuring a pipe wall by utilizing triaxial high-definition magnetic flux leakage internal detection to obtain a magnetic flux leakage signal;
and 2, searching the corresponding defect type from a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the magnetic leakage signal, thereby obtaining the defect type of the pipe wall.
The generation mode of the defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table comprises the following steps: preparing a test sample of artificial defects having a known defect type in advance; and measuring the test sample through a magnetic leakage signal measuring device to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, recording the corresponding relation between the magnetic leakage signal and the defect type, and generating a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the corresponding relation.
The invention has the idea that a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table is established in advance, and when the pipe wall needs to be measured, the pipe wall is measured through triaxial high-definition magnetic leakage internal detection, so that a magnetic leakage signal is obtained. And then determining the defect type corresponding to the leakage magnetic signal through a defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table. By this, the defect type of the pipe wall can be quickly known. For the establishment of the defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table, the invention creatively measures a test sample which is prepared in advance and has artificial defects with known defect types through a leakage magnetic signal measuring device, forms a large amount of data through measurement, and records the data to generate the defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, since the measured data amount is large, the measurement convenience is the most consideration for the selection of the leakage magnetic signal measuring device. In some preferred embodiments, the leakage magnetic signal measuring apparatus includes: a frame 100, a tray 200, a traction device (not shown) and a magnetic circuit system 300, wherein the frame 100 is provided with a rail, the tray 200 is provided with a pulley, the tray 200 is located above the rail and connected with the rail through the pulley, the traction device is used for pulling the tray 200 to move along the rail, the magnetic circuit system 300 is located below the rail, and the magnetic circuit system 300 comprises: the magnetic circuit comprises a magnetic circuit base body 310, a first permanent magnet 320, a second permanent magnet 330 and a magnetic leakage probe 340, wherein the first permanent magnet 320, the magnetic leakage probe 340 and the second permanent magnet 330 are sequentially arranged along a track, the N pole of the first permanent magnet 320 faces the track, the S pole of the first permanent magnet 320 is connected with the magnetic circuit base body 310, the S pole of the second permanent magnet 330 faces the track, the N pole of the second permanent magnet 330 is connected with the magnetic circuit base body 310, the frame 100 is a non-magnetic material component, and the magnetic circuit base body 310 is a magnetic material component. At the time of measurement, a test specimen having an artificial defect of a known defect type is put on the tray 200, and the tray 200 is moved along the rail by a traction apparatus. Since the magnetic circuit substrate 310 is a magnetic material member and the frame 100 is a non-magnetic material member, when the tray 200 moves, the first permanent magnet 320 and the second permanent magnet 330 form a magnetic circuit under the action of the first permanent magnet 320 and the second permanent magnet 330, and the magnetic circuit passes through the test sample. When the test sample has defects, the leakage magnetic signal is detected by the leakage magnetic probe 340, so that the leakage magnetic signal is obtained. By directly putting the test sample into the tray 200 and dragging the tray 200, the magnetic leakage signal of the test sample can be rapidly collected.
In the process of rapidly acquiring the leakage magnetic signal of the test sample, the design of the test sample also takes measurement convenience as a priority. In some embodiments, the test sample is plate-shaped, and the test sample is designed to be plate-shaped, so that different types of artificial defects can be conveniently added in the test sample, and detection is convenient. Moreover, the plate-shaped test sample is more convenient to increase different types of artificial defects compared with a tubular test object. The specific test method for the magnetic leakage signal measuring device to the test sample comprises the following steps: put into the tray 200 with the test sample on, utilize pulling equipment to drive tray 200 and move on the track to make the artifical defect department that leaks magnetic probe 340 and pass test sample, record the reading of leaking magnetic probe 340 and obtain the magnetic leakage signal.
The primary function of the first permanent magnet 320 is to establish a magnetic circuit. The higher the degree of magnetization of the test sample by the first permanent magnet 320, the better. Therefore, by providing the first steel brush 321, the first steel brush 321 can be easily close to the tray 200, and thus the magnetization degree is further improved by the magnetic permeability of the first steel brush 321.
The main function of the second permanent magnet 330 is to establish a magnetic circuit. The higher the degree of magnetization of the test sample by the second permanent magnet 330, the better. Therefore, by providing the second steel brush 331, since the second steel brush 331 can be easily approached to the tray 200, the magnetization degree is further improved by the magnetic permeability of the second steel brush 331.
In order to make the magnetism of the first permanent magnet 320 and the second permanent magnet 330 larger, in some preferred embodiments, the first permanent magnet 320 is made of ndfeb, and the second permanent magnet 330 is made of ndfeb. Wherein the first permanent magnet 320 and the second permanent magnet 330 have the same magnetic field strength.
In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit substrate 310, the first steel brush 321 and the second steel brush 331 are all made of ferromagnetic material. The frame 100 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention and its scope is defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (9)
1. A method of determining a wall defect, comprising: the method comprises the following steps: measuring the pipe wall by utilizing triaxial high-definition magnetic leakage internal detection to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, and searching a corresponding defect type from a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the magnetic leakage signal so as to obtain the defect type of the pipe wall; the generation mode of the defect type-leakage magnetic signal comparison table comprises the following steps: preparing a test sample of artificial defects having a known defect type in advance; and measuring the test sample through a magnetic leakage signal measuring device to obtain a magnetic leakage signal, recording the corresponding relation between the magnetic leakage signal and the defect type, and generating a defect type-magnetic leakage signal comparison table according to the corresponding relation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the leakage magnetic signal measuring apparatus includes: frame, tray, pulling equipment and magnetic circuit, the frame is equipped with the track, the tray is equipped with the pulley, the tray be located orbital top and through the pulley with the track is connected, pulling equipment is used for pulling the tray along rail movement, magnetic circuit is located orbital below, magnetic circuit includes: the magnetic circuit comprises a magnetic circuit base body, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a magnetic leakage probe, wherein the first permanent magnet, the magnetic leakage probe and the second permanent magnet are sequentially arranged along a track, the N pole of the first permanent magnet faces the track, the S pole of the first permanent magnet is connected with the magnetic circuit base body, the S pole of the second permanent magnet faces the track, the N pole of the second permanent magnet is connected with the magnetic circuit base body, the frame is a non-magnetic material component, the magnetic circuit base body is a magnetic material component, and the test sample is plate-shaped.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: and a first steel brush close to the tray is arranged on the N pole of the first permanent magnet.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: and a second steel brush close to the tray is arranged on the S pole of the second permanent magnet.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein: the method for measuring the test sample through the magnetic leakage signal measuring device to obtain the magnetic leakage signal comprises the following steps: put into the tray with test sample on, utilize pulling equipment to drive the tray and move on the track to make the artifical defect department of test sample is drawn across to the magnetic leakage probe, record magnetic leakage probe reading and obtain the magnetic leakage signal.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein: the first permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron, and the second permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein: the magnetic field intensity of the first permanent magnet is the same as that of the second permanent magnet.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein: the magnetic circuit substrate, the first steel brush and the second steel brush are all provided with ferromagnetic material components.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein: the frame is 6061 aluminum alloy.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010843423.5A CN112098507A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Pipe wall defect determining method |
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| CN202010843423.5A CN112098507A (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Pipe wall defect determining method |
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| CN112098507A true CN112098507A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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Application publication date: 20201218 |