CN112097642B - Three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection instrument and detection method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection instrument and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112097642B CN112097642B CN202010979153.0A CN202010979153A CN112097642B CN 112097642 B CN112097642 B CN 112097642B CN 202010979153 A CN202010979153 A CN 202010979153A CN 112097642 B CN112097642 B CN 112097642B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional crisscross hole position degree detection instrument and a detection method, belongs to the technical field of part detection, and solves the problem that the existing detection device cannot accurately detect the position degree of a part with a three-dimensional crisscross hole. The invention is provided with a first mobile station, wherein the first mobile station comprises a first slide rail and a first slide block; the first sliding block is provided with a second moving platform, and the second moving platform comprises a second sliding rail and a second sliding block; the first slide rail and the second slide rail are orthogonal; the second sliding block is provided with a precision sliding table, and the round hole part is arranged in a measuring area at the top of the precision sliding table; the first sliding rail is provided with a first camera and a third camera which are oppositely arranged and used for shooting images of the side wall holes of the round hole part in the first direction; the second slide rail is provided with a second camera and a fourth camera and used for shooting images of the side wall holes of the round hole parts in the second direction. To the detection of the hole site degree that small-size part special distribution, this application has promoted the reliability that detects precision, efficiency and detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of part detection, in particular to a three-dimensional crisscross hole position degree detection instrument and a detection method.
Background
For hole parts produced in industry, position errors of the hole parts have great influence on the connection strength, the sealing performance, the service life and the processing noise among instruments, as well as the working precision, the motion stability and the like of an assembly body.
The traditional method for detecting the position degree mainly comprises a mechanical alignment method, an optical alignment method and a laser alignment method, wherein the mechanical alignment method usually adopts a steel wire or a real object of a gauge as a reference for actual measurement, but the method has the problems that the reference per se has deflection deformation, the wear resistance of the gauge or the steel wire is reduced due to long-term repeated use, the detection precision of the method is not high, and the requirement for high-precision measurement cannot be met; the traditional optical alignment method adopts the optical axis of an instrument as an alignment reference, and realizes error measurement according to manual visual alignment, but the measurement error of the method on each position influences the test results of all the positions in the future, so the method has low repeatability precision; the laser collimator can overcome the limitation of human eye visual resolution and reduce subjective errors of artificial detection, but is more suitable for large workpieces.
When the device is used for small round hole parts, the measured holes are distributed in the circumferential direction of the side wall, the size of a workpiece is small, the size of the measured round hole is only 4mm, and the use of a mechanical measuring tool is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention is directed to a three-dimensional cross hole position detecting apparatus and a detecting method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing detecting apparatus cannot accurately detect the position of a part in a three-dimensional cross hole.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
in the technical scheme of the invention, the three-dimensional crisscross hole position degree detection instrument is used for detecting the position degree of an orthogonal radial hole on the side wall of a round hole part and is provided with a first mobile station, and the first mobile station comprises a first slide rail and a first slide block; the first sliding block is provided with a second moving platform, and the second moving platform comprises a second sliding rail and a second sliding block; the first slide rail and the second slide rail are orthogonal; the first slide rail defines a first direction and the second slide rail defines a second direction;
the second sliding block is provided with a precision sliding table, and the round hole part is arranged in a measuring area at the top of the precision sliding table; the first sliding rail is provided with a first camera and a third camera which are oppositely arranged and used for shooting images of the side wall holes of the round hole part in the first direction; the second slide rail is provided with a second camera and a fourth camera and used for shooting images of the side wall holes of the round hole parts in the second direction.
According to the technical scheme, the precision sliding table is provided with the light source installation frame, the light source installation frame is provided with the first light source and the second light source, the first light source is located above the measuring area, and the second light source is located below the measuring area.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the first light source is an annular light source which is coaxial with the circular hole part;
the second light source is a positive direction light source surrounded by 4 strip light sources, and the positive direction light source is coaxial with the round hole part.
According to the technical scheme, a part positioning block is arranged at the top of the precision sliding table and is of a cylindrical structure inserted at the top of the precision sliding table, and the outer diameter of the part positioning block is equal to the inner diameter of a circular hole part;
the third direction is injectd to the direction of perpendicular first slide rail and second slide rail, and the position adjustment of first direction, second direction and third direction can be carried out to the part fixed block to accurate slip table, can also carry out the angular adjustment around the third direction to the part fixed block.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the first camera and the third camera are respectively slidably arranged on the first slide rail through the first camera bracket;
the second camera and the fourth camera are respectively arranged on the second sliding rail in a sliding way through a second camera bracket;
the top of first camera support and second camera support all is equipped with the camera mount table, and all can carry out the position control of first direction, second direction and third direction to the camera mount table, can also carry out the angular adjustment around the third direction to the camera mount table.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the first camera, the second camera, the third camera and the fourth camera respectively comprise a camera body and a lens which are connected with each other; the camera main body is fixedly connected with the camera mounting table;
the camera body photographs the outside edge of the sidewall hole at the near end and the inside edge of the sidewall hole at the far end.
In the technical scheme of the invention, a first mobile station drives a first sliding block to move through a first motor;
the second mobile station drives the second sliding block to move through a second motor.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection instrument is also provided with a first calibration piece which is a square cylinder, the outer side of each side wall is provided with a cross mark, and the central connecting line of the cross mark on the opposite side is vertical to the side surface where the cross mark is positioned.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection instrument is also provided with a second calibration piece, the second calibration piece is of a flat plate structure, and at least one surface of the second calibration piece is provided with a grid mark in the positive direction.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection method adopts the three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection instrument in the technical scheme of the invention;
the method for detecting the position degree of the three-dimensional cross hole comprises the following steps:
step 1, mounting a first calibration piece on a precision sliding table, and shooting the first calibration piece by a first camera, a second camera, a third camera and a fourth camera to obtain a first calibration image;
2, adjusting the positions of the first camera, the second camera, the third camera and the fourth camera relative to a part positioning block on the precision sliding table according to the first calibration image;
step 3, repeating the step 1 and the step 2 until the optical axes of the first camera and the third camera coincide, and the optical axes of the second camera and the fourth camera coincide;
step 4, taking down the first calibration piece, replacing the first calibration piece with a second calibration piece, and shooting the second calibration piece by the first camera, the second camera, the third camera and the fourth camera respectively to obtain a second calibration image;
step 6, repeating the step 4 and the step 5 until the distortion of the second calibration image is corrected;
and 8, acquiring the coaxiality and the included angle position of the two axes according to the test image.
The technical scheme of the invention can at least realize one of the following effects:
1. according to the invention, 2 groups of cameras which are orthogonally arranged are used for shooting in opposite directions, so that a high-precision detection system based on vision is established, the high-efficiency and high-precision measurement of the position degree of the three-dimensional cross hole is completed, and meanwhile, the scheme has lower cost compared with other high-precision measurement methods such as three-coordinate measurement and the like;
2. compared with the traditional manual visual inspection method, the method has the advantages that through comparison and analysis of the images obtained through shooting, the position degree of the three-dimensional cross hole can be quantitatively evaluated, and data reference is provided for subsequent assembly;
3. the annular light source is matched with the strip-shaped light source group, so that the outer wall and the inner wall of the strip-shaped light source group can be respectively protruded, and the collected outline is clearer.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a precision slide table according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a light source mount according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first calibration piece according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
101-a first motor; 102-a second electric machine; 201-a first camera support; 202-a second camera support; 301-a first camera; 302-a second camera; 303-a third camera; 304-a fourth camera; 4-a lens; 5-a light source mounting rack; 601-a first light source; 602-a second light source; 7-a part positioning block; 8-precision slipway; 901-a first slide rail; 902-second slide rail.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the detected object is the position degree detection of the three-dimensional cross hole, that is, the three holes are respectively in the orthogonal X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction, for convenience of description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the Z-axis is taken as a vertical axis, and the Z-axis direction is taken as a reference, and the three-dimensional cross hole is taken as a circular hole part having orthogonal radial holes in the side wall, that is, two coaxial holes are taken in the same axis direction, so as to form the three-dimensional cross hole with orthogonal space. The position degree refers to the coaxiality of 2 holes in the same axial direction, and the included angle and the position between different axes.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the Z-axis direction is limited, the hole in the X-axis direction and the hole in the Y-axis direction are respectively shot through 2 pairs of cameras which are arranged oppositely, and the corresponding images are respectively compared and analyzed, so that the position degree in the corresponding direction is quantitatively obtained. Although the wall thickness of the workpiece is small, the holes needing to be detected in one direction are four holes on the inner side and the outer side, and in order to obtain images of the holes on the inner wall and the outer wall, cameras are mounted in the four directions on the basis of the principle of visual near-large and far-small to complete rapid detection, so that the detection precision and efficiency and the detection reliability are improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional cross hole position degree detecting instrument, which is used for detecting a position degree of an orthogonal radial hole in a side wall of a circular hole part, and is provided with a first moving table, where the first moving table includes a first slide rail 901 and a first slider; the first sliding block is provided with a second moving platform, and the second moving platform comprises a second sliding rail 902 and a second sliding block; the first slide rail 901 and the second slide rail 902 are orthogonal; the first slide 901 defines a first orientation and the second slide 902 defines a second orientation; the second sliding block is provided with a precision sliding table 8, and the round hole part is arranged in a measuring area at the top of the precision sliding table 8; the first slide rail 901 is provided with a first camera 301 and a third camera 303 which are oppositely arranged and used for shooting images of the side wall holes of the round hole part in the first direction; the second slide rail 902 is provided with a second camera 302 and a fourth camera 304 for capturing images of the second-direction side wall holes of the circular hole part.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first direction is an X-axis direction, the second direction is a Y-axis direction, and the third direction is a Z-axis direction. The first camera 301 and the third camera 303 are used for respectively shooting images of two ends of the side wall hole of the round hole part in the first direction, and the images of the first camera 301 and the third camera 303 are compared and analyzed, so that the position degree of the side wall hole of the round hole part in the first direction, namely the position degree of the side wall hole in the X axis direction, can be obtained; similarly, the second camera 302 and the fourth camera 304 obtain the position degree of the second-direction side wall hole of the circular hole part.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first mobile station and the second mobile station respectively adjust the positions of the first camera 301, the second camera 302, the third camera 303 and the fourth camera 304 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction relative to the measurement area at the top of the precision sliding table 8, and during adjustment, the optical axes of the first camera 301 and the third camera 303 need to coincide, and the optical axes of the second camera 302 and the fourth camera 304 need to coincide, so that the images of 2 cameras in the same direction can have a basis for mutual contrast analysis.
When a camera is used for shooting a side wall hole in a certain direction, due to the visual effect of near-large-far-small, a large circular image can be formed on the edge of the outer wall of the side wall hole at the near end, a small circular image can be formed on the edge of the inner wall of the side wall hole at the far end, after the image is subjected to optimization preprocessing such as noise reduction, edge extraction can be performed on the circular image, circle center coordinates are obtained according to the extracted circular edge, namely the axis position of the side wall hole at one side in the direction, and the axis positions of the side wall holes obtained by the images at two sides in the same direction are compared and analyzed, namely the size of position degree can be judged. When the analysis is carried out, 2 cameras in the same direction respectively obtain 2 images, one is a big circle corresponding to the near end, the other is a small circle corresponding to the far end, and the big circle and the small circle which are respectively obtained through the 2 cameras are jointly compared to judge the position degree quantitatively.
When the camera acquires an image, the image of the outer wall edge of the near-end side wall hole and the image of the inner wall edge of the far-end side wall hole are obtained, the outline of a target needs to be highlighted through light source irradiation, and in order to be capable of clearly obtaining the outer wall edge of the near-end side wall hole and the inner wall edge of the far-end side wall hole, the combined light source is used in the embodiment of the invention. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the precision slide table 8 is provided with a light source mounting rack 5, the light source mounting rack 5 is provided with a first light source 601 and a second light source 602, the first light source 601 is located above the measurement area, and the second light source 602 is located below the measurement area. In order to ensure the comprehensiveness of the illumination, the first light source 601 and the second light source 602 of the embodiment of the present invention are respectively located at the upper side and the lower side of the measurement area, i.e., at both sides in the Z-axis direction, and the two light sources realize the illumination of the outer wall edge of the proximal side wall hole and the inner wall edge of the distal side wall hole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first light source 601 is an annular light source, the annular light source is coaxial with the circular hole part, and the edge of the inner wall of the side wall hole at the far end is illuminated by annular light with a low angle at the top; the second light source 602 is a positive direction light source surrounded by 4 strip light sources, the positive direction light source is coaxial with the round hole part, and the edge of the outer wall of the near-end side wall hole is illuminated by the strip light source. The light source mounting frame 5 is provided with an upper plate and a lower plate which are connected through a connecting column, the annular light source is mounted on the lower surface of the upper plate, threaded holes are formed in two ends of each strip-shaped light source, and the strip-shaped light sources are fixedly connected with the lower plate through the threaded holes and are connected into a square shape by 4 strip-shaped light sources.
After a part to be measured is installed on the precision sliding table 8, the position and the posture of the part to be measured need to be finely adjusted so that the 4-phase camera can be conveniently focused, as shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the invention, the top of the precision sliding table 8 is provided with the part positioning block 7, the part positioning block 7 is of a cylindrical structure inserted at the top of the precision sliding table 8, the outer diameter of the part positioning block 7 is equal to the inner diameter of a circular hole part, and when the circular hole part is installed, the circular hole part is sleeved on the part positioning block 7, so that the part can be fixed. Adjusting the position and the posture of the part positioning block 7, namely adjusting the position and the posture of the round hole part: the precision sliding table 8 can adjust the position of the part fixing block in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, and can adjust the angle of the part fixing block around the third direction. Illustratively, the precision slide 8 may take the form of a lead screw for fine adjustment. Illustratively, the part positioning block 7 is a cylindrical stainless steel block and is inserted into a round hole at the top of the precision sliding table 8.
When performing initial commissioning of the device, the respective positions of the first camera 301, the second camera 302, the third camera 303, and the fourth camera 304 need to be adjusted so that the optical axes of the first camera 301 and the third camera 303 substantially coincide and the optical axes of the second camera 302 and the fourth camera 304 substantially coincide. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first camera 301 and the third camera 303 are slidably mounted on the first slide rail 901 through the first camera bracket 201; the second camera 302 and the fourth camera 304 are each slidably mounted on a second slide rail 902 via a second camera mount 202; the top of first camera support 201 and second camera support 202 all is equipped with the camera mount table, and all can carry out the position control of first direction, second direction and third direction to the camera mount table, can also carry out the angular adjustment around the third direction to the camera mount table. The camera is integrally far away from or close to the precise sliding table 8 by moving the camera support, and the position and the posture of the camera are finely adjusted by the camera mounting table. When focusing is carried out, coarse adjustment is carried out through the camera support, and fine adjustment is carried out through the camera mounting table.
In the embodiment of the invention, the light source provides a good illumination environment for workpiece detection, and the lens 4 and the camera collect image information of the workpiece to be detected under the condition of good illumination. Specifically, the first camera 301, the second camera 302, the third camera 303, and the fourth camera 304 each include a camera body and a lens 4 connected to each other; the camera main body is fixedly connected with the camera mounting table. The camera body photographs the outer edge of the sidewall hole at the near end and the inner edge of the sidewall hole at the far end, i.e., 2 images of the near size and the far size.
In order to ensure the stability and accuracy of the movement of the first slider and the second slider, in the embodiment of the invention, the first mobile station drives the first slider to move through the first motor 101; the second moving stage drives the second slider to move through the second motor 102. The first motor 101 is disposed at one end of the first slide rail 901, and the second motor 102 is disposed at one end of the second slide rail 902, so as to prevent the motor from affecting the movement of the slider. In addition, the first motor 101 and the second motor 102 both adopt stepping motors, so that the movement of the sliding block is conveniently controlled. The first sliding block and the first motor 101 and the second sliding block and the second motor 102 are driven in a lead screw mode, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with the lead screw through a diaphragm type coupler.
In order to determine that the optical axes of 2 cameras in the same direction are coaxial, the invention adopts a calibration piece as a judgment basis, specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection instrument is further provided with a first calibration piece, the first calibration piece is a square cylinder, the outer side of each side wall is provided with a cross mark, and the central connecting line of the cross mark on the opposite side is perpendicular to the side where the cross mark is located. And shooting the cross mark by using a camera, and judging whether the optical axes of the 2 cameras are coaxial according to the judgment of whether the centers of the cross marks shot by the 2 cameras in the same direction are superposed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distortion is corrected by the second calibration piece, and specifically, the three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection instrument is further provided with the second calibration piece which is of a flat plate structure, and at least one surface of the second calibration piece is provided with the grid mark in the positive direction. Once distortion occurs, the camera and the image optimization process are adjusted, and when the image obtained by shooting is also a grid image, the image distortion is proved to be corrected. In order to improve the distortion correction effect, in the calibration process of the second calibration member, in addition to making one surface of the grid mark perpendicular to the optical axis of the camera, one surface of the grid mark is inclined at a certain angle to the optical axis of the camera, so as to improve the distortion correction effect.
The method for detecting the position degree of the three-dimensional cross hole by using the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a first calibration piece in a measured area at the top of a precision sliding table 8, and through focusing coarse adjustment and focusing fine adjustment, enabling four mark surfaces of the first calibration piece to be respectively opposite to a first camera 301, a second camera 302, a third camera 303 and a fourth camera 304, shooting the first calibration piece through the first camera 301, the second camera 302, the third camera 303 and the fourth camera 304, and acquiring a first calibration image;
step 2, according to the first calibration image, marking point coordinates of four planes, namely front, back, left and right, are obtained after image processing, a pixel coordinate system is converted into a world coordinate system in a unified mode, so that position deviation of the marking points in 2 directions can be obtained, whether the optical axes of the first camera 301 and the third camera 303 are coaxial or not is judged, whether the optical axes of the second camera 302 and the fourth camera 304 are coaxial or not is judged, fine adjustment is conducted according to the position deviation, and the positions of the first camera 301, the second camera 302, the third camera 303 and the fourth camera 304 relative to a part positioning block 7 on the precision sliding table 8 are adjusted;
step 3, repeating the step 1 and the step 2 until the optical axes of the first camera 301 and the third camera 303 coincide, and the optical axes of the second camera 302 and the fourth camera 304 coincide;
step 4, taking down the first calibration piece, replacing the first calibration piece with a second calibration piece, and respectively shooting the second calibration piece by the first camera 301, the second camera 302, the third camera 303 and the fourth camera 304 to obtain a second calibration image;
step 6, repeating the step 4 and the step 5 until the distortion of the second calibration image is completely corrected;
and 8, processing 4 images of 2 opposite cameras in the same direction to obtain the position degree of the side wall hole in the direction.
In summary, the invention provides a three-dimensional crisscross hole position degree detection instrument and a detection method, wherein 2 sets of cameras which are orthogonally arranged are used for shooting in opposite directions, so that a high-precision detection system based on vision is established, high-efficiency and high-precision measurement of the three-dimensional crisscross hole position degree is completed, and meanwhile, compared with other high-precision measurement methods such as three-coordinate measurement and the like, the detection instrument and the detection method are lower in cost; compared with the traditional manual visual inspection method, the method has the advantages that through comparison and analysis of the images obtained through shooting, the position degree of the three-dimensional cross hole can be quantitatively evaluated, and data reference is provided for subsequent assembly; the annular light source is matched with the strip-shaped light source group, so that the outer wall and the inner wall of the strip-shaped light source group can be respectively protruded, and the collected outline is clearer.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional crisscross hole position degree detection instrument is used for detecting the position degree of an orthogonal radial hole on the side wall of a round hole part and is characterized in that a first moving table is arranged and comprises a first sliding rail (901) and a first sliding block; the first sliding block is provided with a second moving platform, and the second moving platform comprises a second sliding rail (902) and a second sliding block; the first sliding rail (901) and the second sliding rail (902) are orthogonal; the first slide rail (901) defines a first direction and the second slide rail (902) defines a second direction;
the second sliding block is provided with a precision sliding table (8), and the round hole part is arranged in a measuring area at the top of the precision sliding table (8); the first sliding rail (901) is provided with a first camera (301) and a third camera (303) which are arranged oppositely and used for shooting images of side wall holes in the first direction of the round hole part; the second sliding rail (902) is provided with a second camera (302) and a fourth camera (304) and is used for shooting images of the side wall holes of the round hole parts in the second direction.
2. The three-dimensional crisscross hole position detection instrument according to claim 1, wherein the precision slide table (8) is provided with a light source mounting rack (5), the light source mounting rack (5) is provided with a first light source (601) and a second light source (602), the first light source (601) is located above the measurement area, and the second light source (602) is located below the measurement area.
3. The three-dimensional criss-cross hole position detecting instrument according to claim 2, wherein the first light source (601) is an annular light source, and the annular light source is coaxial with the circular hole part;
the second light source (602) is a positive direction light source surrounded by 4 strip light sources, and the positive direction light source is coaxial with the round hole part.
4. The three-dimensional crisscross hole position degree detection instrument according to claim 3, wherein a part positioning block (7) is arranged at the top of the precision sliding table (8), the part positioning block (7) is of a cylindrical structure inserted at the top of the precision sliding table (8), and the outer diameter of the part positioning block (7) is equal to the inner diameter of a circular hole part;
the third direction is limited to the direction perpendicular to the first sliding rail (901) and the second sliding rail (902), and the precise sliding table (8) can adjust the positions of the part fixing block in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction and can adjust the angle of the part fixing block around the third direction.
5. The three-dimensional crisscross hole position detection instrument according to claim 4, wherein the first camera (301) and the third camera (303) are each slidably mounted on a first slide rail (901) by a first camera bracket (201);
the second camera (302) and the fourth camera (304) are each slidably mounted on a second slide rail (902) by a second camera mount (202);
the top of first camera support (201) and second camera support (202) all is equipped with the camera mount table, and all can carry out the position adjustment of first direction, second direction and third direction to the camera mount table, can also carry out the angular adjustment around the third direction to the camera mount table.
6. The three-dimensional crisscross hole position detection instrument according to claim 5, wherein the first camera (301), the second camera (302), the third camera (303) and the fourth camera (304) each comprise a camera body and a lens (4) connected to each other; the camera main body is fixedly connected with the camera mounting table;
the camera body photographs the outer edge of the sidewall hole at the near end and the inner edge of the sidewall hole at the far end.
7. The three-dimensional crisscross hole position detecting instrument according to claim 6, wherein the first moving stage drives the first slide to move by a first motor (101);
the second moving table drives the second sliding block to move through a second motor (102).
8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a first calibration member, wherein the first calibration member is a square tube, each sidewall has a cross mark on the outside, and the center line of the cross mark on the opposite side is perpendicular to the side.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a second calibration member, wherein the second calibration member is a flat plate structure and at least one surface of the second calibration member is provided with grid marks for positive direction.
10. A three-dimensional cross-hole position degree detection method, characterized in that the three-dimensional cross-hole position degree detection method uses the three-dimensional cross-hole position degree detection instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the three-dimensional cross hole position degree detection method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a first calibration piece is installed on a precision sliding table (8), and a first camera (301), a second camera (302), a third camera (303) and a fourth camera (304) shoot the first calibration piece to obtain a first calibration image;
step 2, adjusting the positions of a first camera (301), a second camera (302), a third camera (303) and a fourth camera (304) relative to a part positioning block (7) on the precision sliding table (8) according to the first calibration image;
step 3, repeating the step 1 and the step 2 until the optical axes of the first camera (301) and the third camera (303) are overlapped, and the optical axes of the second camera (302) and the fourth camera (304) are overlapped;
step 4, taking down the first calibration piece, replacing the first calibration piece with a second calibration piece, and shooting the second calibration piece by the first camera (301), the second camera (302), the third camera (303) and the fourth camera (304) respectively to obtain a second calibration image;
step 5, adjusting distortion correction parameters of the first camera (301), the second camera (302), the third camera (303) and the fourth camera (304);
step 6, repeating the step 4 and the step 5 until the distortion of the second calibration image is corrected;
step 7, taking down the second calibration piece, replacing the second calibration piece with a round hole part to be tested, and respectively shooting the round hole part to be tested by the first camera (301), the second camera (302), the third camera (303) and the fourth camera (304) to obtain a test image;
and 8, acquiring the position degree according to the test image.
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| CN113091661B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-03-31 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Measuring method for obtaining accuracy of measuring aperture position accuracy of CT equipment |
| CN113820331A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-21 | 深圳格兰达智能装备股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional defect detection device |
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