CN112097268A - Fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment - Google Patents
Fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112097268A CN112097268A CN202011015242.XA CN202011015242A CN112097268A CN 112097268 A CN112097268 A CN 112097268A CN 202011015242 A CN202011015242 A CN 202011015242A CN 112097268 A CN112097268 A CN 112097268A
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- fixedly connected
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- exhaust gas
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- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/30—Sorption devices using carbon, e.g. coke
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fluidized bed incinerator for treating solid waste, which relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a fluidized bed incinerator for treating solid waste. This fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment, through the inside fixed connection separation piece at the incineration shell, and gather dirt cardboard at the bottom fixed connection of separation piece, simultaneously at the top fixed connection one deck filter screen of gathering dirt cardboard, can guarantee that the device can evenly part solid waste, make the gas change-over valve can be quick burn solid waste, utilize the contact surface that the increase was burned, and then solved the device in the past and can not burn solid waste fast problem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment.
Background
Along with the mass production of industrial products, a lot of solid wastes are generated, and the solid wastes are piled everywhere, so that not only a lot of land is occupied, but also soil acidification is caused, meanwhile, the solid wastes which are not treated properly can pollute the atmosphere, and water resources are polluted, so that a fluidized bed incinerator for treating the solid wastes is needed.
At present, the existing incinerator is mainly used for directly leading solid waste into the incinerator for incineration, the device can not completely incinerate the solid waste, the piled solid waste can only be partially incinerated, a large amount of gas resources can be wasted by the device, meanwhile, the device can be used for incinerating the solid waste in the process of incinerating the solid waste, the solid waste can be mixed with a large amount of mud, sewage and other substances, the substances are all put into the incinerator, the incineration efficiency can be reduced, meanwhile, pipelines inside the incinerator can be blocked, in addition, the device can be used for incinerating the solid waste, the solid waste can generate a large amount of black smoke, the black smoke can cause serious pollution to the environment, and therefore the fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fluidized bed incinerator for treating solid waste, which solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment comprises a shell, wherein the bottom of the shell is fixedly connected with first supports which are symmetrically distributed, a chute is formed in the shell, the chute in the shell is movably connected with a storage tank, the storage tank penetrates through and extends to the outside of the shell, circular notches which are symmetrically distributed are formed in two sides of an inner cavity of the shell, a crawler belt is movably connected with the circular notch of the inner cavity of the shell, a driving motor is fixedly connected with the outer side of the shell, a guide chute is movably connected with the outer side of the guide chute at the bottom of the shell, an incineration shell is fixedly connected with the bottom of the guide chute, a ventilation box is fixedly connected with one side of the outside of the incineration shell, an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with the other side of the outside of the incineration shell, a rectangular notch is formed in the outside of the incineration shell, burn the gas change-over valve of the top fixedly connected with symmetric distribution of shell, the bottom of gas change-over valve passes and extends to the inner chamber that burns the shell, the middle part fixedly connected with separation block that burns the shell inner chamber, the bottom fixedly connected with of separation block gathers the dirt cardboard, and gathers the inside of dirt cardboard fixed connection burning the shell, the top fixedly connected with filter vat of blast pipe, the middle part fixedly connected with filter core of filter vat inner chamber, the inside fixedly connected with filter layer of filter vat, the outside fixedly connected with filter core of filter vat.
Optionally, the inside fixedly connected with slope of shell, the slope of the inside slope of shell is located the top of track, the top fixedly connected with rectangle stationary blade of first support, cylindrical recess has been seted up to the inside of first support.
Optionally, the inside of stock chest has seted up the rectangle recess, circular notch has been seted up to the outside one side of stock chest, the inboard swing joint of the outside circular notch of stock chest has the rubber buffer, evenly distributed's hole has been seted up to the outside of track, bellied dog-ear board groove has been seted up in the outside of track, driving motor is existing equipment.
Optionally, the spout has been seted up to the inside of baffle box, and the inside spout swing joint of baffle box has the closing plate, the inside closing plate of baffle box passes and extends to the outside of baffle box, burn the inside of shell and seted up the cavity interlayer, the inside fixedly connected with metal filters of ventilation case, the outside fixedly connected with air pipe of ventilation case, and the outside air pipe fixed connection of ventilation case is in the interface position of air-blower.
Optionally, an annular guide pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the gas change-over valve, symmetrically distributed flame spray nozzles are fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas change-over valve, a metal fire gathering cover is fixedly connected to the outer side of the flame spray nozzles at the bottom of the gas change-over valve, symmetrically distributed grooves are formed in the dust gathering clamping plate, and the symmetrically distributed clamping plates are movably connected to the grooves in the dust gathering clamping plate.
Optionally, the inside swing joint of filter core has moist cotton pad, the outside fixedly connected with metal filters of filter core, the inside swing joint of filter layer has the active carbon powder filtering layer.
Optionally, the fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment further comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a first controller, a display and an alarm; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell and used for detecting the temperature information of the incineration shell;
the pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell and used for detecting pressure information received by the bottom of the incineration shell;
the alarm is arranged on the incineration shell;
the display is arranged on the incineration shell;
the first controller is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell, and is respectively connected with the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the alarm, the gas conversion valve and the display and used for:
receiving temperature information sent by the temperature sensor, and judging whether the temperature information is in a preset temperature range, wherein the preset temperature range comprises a first preset temperature threshold and a second preset temperature threshold, and the first preset temperature threshold is larger than the second preset temperature threshold; when the temperature information is determined to be larger than the first preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas conversion valve to adjust so as to reduce the amount of gas combusted in unit time; when the temperature information is determined to be smaller than the second preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas conversion valve to adjust so as to increase the amount of gas combusted in unit time;
receiving pressure information sent by the pressure sensor, judging whether the pressure information is greater than a preset pressure threshold value or not, controlling the fluidized bed incinerator to stop working when the pressure information is determined to be greater than the preset pressure threshold value, and controlling the alarm to send out a first alarm prompt;
and controlling the display to display the temperature information and the pressure information.
Optionally, the fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment further comprises a waste gas purification device, a second controller and a buzzer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the waste gas purification device is connected with the second interface of the blower and is used for purifying waste gas blown out by the blower;
the buzzer is arranged on the incineration shell;
the second controller is arranged below the ventilation box, is respectively connected with the waste gas purification device and the second alarm, is used for detecting the purification efficiency of the waste gas purification device, judges whether the purification efficiency is smaller than the preset purification efficiency or not, and controls the buzzer to send out a second alarm prompt when the purification efficiency is determined to be smaller than the preset purification efficiency;
calculating a purification efficiency of the exhaust gas purification apparatus, including:
calculating a capture efficiency eta of pollutant particles in exhaust gas entering an exhaust gas purification device through a blower1As shown in equation (1):
wherein r is an average particle diameter of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device through the blower; l is the capture length of the exhaust gas purification device for pollutant particles in the exhaust gas; c is the concentration of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device through the blower; s is the amount of pollutant particles trapped in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device through the blower;
according to the purification device of waste gas entering through the blowerEfficiency eta of capturing pollutant particles in exhaust gas1And calculating a purification efficiency η of the exhaust gas purification apparatus as shown in formula (2):
wherein, V0Is the free settling velocity of the contaminant particles; v1Is the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas purification device; t is the purification time of the exhaust gas by the exhaust gas purification device.
Optionally, the fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment further comprises:
the crushing device is arranged in the incineration shell and is used for crushing the solid waste in the incineration shell before incineration;
the crushing device comprises a motor and a crushing barrel; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a plurality of blades are arranged in the crushing barrel;
the motor is used for providing power for the crushing device;
the first controller is connected with the crushing device and used for calculating the crushing speed of the crushing device, judging whether the crushing speed is smaller than a preset crushing speed or not, and controlling the alarm to send a third alarm prompt when the crushing speed is smaller than the preset crushing speed;
the calculating a shredding rate of the shredding device includes:
calculating the length L of the waste residue after the solid waste is crushed, as shown in formula (3):
wherein n is the rotating speed of the motor; d is the diameter of the crushing barrel; is the slip coefficient of the blade; k is the number of the blades; r is1Radius of gyration for the blade cutting point; v is the blade cutCutting line speed for cutting solid waste;
calculating the crushing rate omega of the crushing device according to the length L of the waste residue after crushing the solid waste, as shown in the formula (4):
ω＝90K×S×n×ζ××L (4)
wherein S is the area of the solid waste before crushing; ζ is the weight per cubic meter of the solid waste in the crushing barrel after crushing; the filling factor of the crushed solid waste in the crushing barrel is obtained.
The invention provides a fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. this fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment, through the inside fixed connection separation piece at the incineration shell, and gather dirt cardboard at the bottom fixed connection of separation piece, simultaneously at the top fixed connection one deck filter screen of gathering dirt cardboard, can guarantee that the device can evenly part solid waste, make the gas change-over valve can be quick burn solid waste, utilize the contact surface that the increase was burned, and then solved the device in the past and can not burn solid waste fast problem.
2. This fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment, it is domatic to incline through the one side fixed connection in the shell cavity, and at domatic bottom swing joint track, and set up evenly distributed's mesh with the face higher than the track, simultaneously at the one end fixed connection driving motor of the inside bull stick of track, earth and sewage on the solid waste have been guaranteed can be filtered by in time sieve, carried earth and sewage on the solid waste in the past, lead to burning furnace inner pipe to be blockked up, and then greatly reduced burns the incineration efficiency of burning furnace.
3. This fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment through the outside fixed connection blast pipe at the incineration shell to with the top fixed connection of blast pipe to the bottom of filter vat, and at the middle part of filter core fixed connection at the filter core inner chamber, and have activated carbon powder's filter layer at the inside fixed connection of filter vat, and at the moist cotton pad of inside swing joint of filter core, improved the efficiency that exhaust gas purification device purified waste gas greatly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of a fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste treatment according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a dispersion structure of a fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste treatment according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste treatment according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a first bracket; 3. a storage tank; 4. a crawler belt; 5. a drive motor; 6. a material guide chute; 7. incinerating the shell; 8. a ventilation box; 9. a sealing plate; 10. a gas changeover valve; 11. a dust collecting card plate; 12. separating the blocks; 13. an exhaust pipe; 14. a filter vat; 15. a filter element; 16. a filter layer; 17. a filter element; 18. a temperature sensor; 19. a pressure sensor; 20. a first controller; 21. a display; 22. an alarm; 23. an exhaust gas purification device; 24. a second controller; 25. a buzzer; 26. a crushing device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a technical solution: a fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment comprises a shell 1, the bottom of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a first support 2 which is symmetrically distributed, a chute is arranged inside the shell 1, the chute inside the shell 1 is movably connected with a storage chute 3, the storage chute 3 penetrates through and extends to the outside of the shell 1, two sides of an inner cavity of the shell 1 are provided with circular notches which are symmetrically distributed, the circular notch of the inner cavity of the shell 1 is movably connected with a crawler belt 4, the outer side of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a driving motor 5, the outer side of a guide chute at the bottom of the shell 1 is movably connected with a guide chute 6, the bottom of the guide chute 6 is fixedly connected with an incineration shell 7, one side of the outer part of the incineration shell 7 is fixedly connected with a ventilation box 8, the ventilation box 8 is fixedly connected with the outer part of the incineration shell 7, the ventilation pipe is fixedly connected with the outer, can ensure that the device can quickly discharge the waste gas generated after the solid waste is incinerated, effectively reduces the environment pollution caused by the waste gas, the other side of the external part of the incinerating shell 7 is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe 13, the external part of the incinerating shell 7 is provided with a rectangular notch, a sealing plate 9 is movably connected with a rectangular notch outside the incineration shell 7, the top of the incineration shell 7 is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed gas conversion valves 10, the bottoms of the gas conversion valves 10 penetrate through and extend to the inner cavity of the incineration shell 7, a separation block 12 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the inner cavity of the incineration shell 7, a dust collecting clamping plate 11 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the separation block 12, and the dust-collecting clamping plate 11 is fixedly connected inside the incineration shell 7, the top end of the exhaust pipe 13 is fixedly connected with a filter barrel 14, the middle part of the inner cavity of the filter barrel 14 is fixedly connected with a filter element 15, the inside of the filter barrel 14 is fixedly connected with a filter layer, and the outside of the filter barrel 14 is fixedly connected with a filter element 17.
Wherein, the slope of the inside fixedly connected with slope of shell 1, the slope of the inside slope of shell 1 is located the top of track 4, the top fixedly connected with rectangle stationary blade of first support 2, cylindrical recess has been seted up to the inside of first support 2, through the slope of the inside fixed connection slope at shell 1, and slope surface is located the top of track 4, can guarantee the device when leading-in solid waste, can not make solid waste be twisted into the bottom of shell 1, lead to the problem that track 4 can not the steady operation.
Wherein, the rectangle recess has been seted up to the inside of stock chest 3, circular notch has been seted up to 3 outside one sides of stock chest, the inboard swing joint of 3 outside circular notches of stock chest has the rubber buffer, evenly distributed's hole has been seted up to the outside of track 4, bellied dog-ear board groove has been seted up in the outside of track 4, driving motor 5 is existing equipment, rectangle recess has been seted up through the inside at stock chest 3, and circular notch is seted up in the outside of stock chest 3, it can collect 4 filterable earth of track or sewage to have guaranteed that stock chest 3, the inner chamber of shell 1 has been prevented from being blocked to filterable earth or sewage, operating personnel's clearance has been made things convenient for simultaneously.
Wherein, the spout has been seted up to the inside of baffle box 6, and the inside spout swing joint of baffle box 6 has the closing plate, the inside closing plate of baffle box 6 passes and extends to the outside of baffle box 6, burn the inside of shell 7 and seted up the cavity interlayer, the inside fixedly connected with metal filters of ventilation box 8, the outside fixedly connected with air pipe of ventilation box 8, and the outside air pipe fixed connection of ventilation box 8 is at the interface position of air-blower, set up the spout through the inside at baffle box 6, and swing joint metal closing plate in the inside spout of baffle box 6, can avoid the device when burning, flame can not appear and emerge the outside of baffle box 6, make the part in the shell 1 impaired.
Wherein, the annular pipe of outside fixedly connected with of gas change-over valve 10, the flame spray nozzle of the bottom fixedly connected with symmetric distribution of gas change-over valve 10, the outside fixedly connected with metal of flame spray nozzle gathers the fire cover bottom gas change-over valve 10, the recess of symmetric distribution is seted up to the inside of gathering dirt cardboard 11, and gather the inside recess swing joint of dirt cardboard 11 and have the cardboard of symmetric distribution, through the flame spray nozzle of the bottom fixedly connected with symmetric distribution at gas change-over valve 10, gather the fire cover at the outside fixed connection metal of flame spray nozzle simultaneously, can guarantee the flame blowout back, can concentrate the incineration to solid waste, thereby the incineration efficiency of the device is greatly improved.
Wherein, the inside swing joint of filter core 15 has moist cotton pad, the outside fixedly connected with metal filter screen of filter core 15, the inside swing joint of filter layer has activated carbon powder filtering layer, through the inside fixed connection filter core 15 and the filter layer at filter vat 14, and at the moist cotton pad of inside swing joint of filter core 15, at the inside fixed connection activated carbon powder layer of filter layer, can guarantee that the black smog that solid waste burns the in-process and produces can not block up exhaust gas purification device's inside simultaneously.
In summary, when the fluidized bed incinerator for treating solid waste is used, the driving motor 5 is firstly connected with a power supply, then the driving motor 5 is started, then the solid waste is led into the surface of the crawler 4 from the notch at the top of the housing 1, then the solid waste which is sieved in advance is led into the interior of the incineration housing 7, under the separation of the separation block 12, the waste is evenly separated, then a user needs to control the valve at the outer side of the gas conversion valve 10, the nozzle at the bottom of the gas conversion valve 10 sprays flame, then the operation waits for 5 to 10 minutes, then the gas conversion valve 10 is closed, then the ventilation box 8 is opened, the residual gas in the incineration housing 7 is discharged, then the soil and other substances in the storage tank 3 are cleaned, then the sealing plate 9 is opened, the double-leaf metal plates in the dust collecting clamping plate 11 are opened, then the user needs to treat the ash discharged from the dust collecting clamping plate 11, thus, the method can be used.
As shown in fig. 6, the fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment further includes a temperature sensor 18, a pressure sensor 19, a first controller 20, a display 21, and an alarm 22; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the temperature sensor 18 is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell 7 and used for detecting the temperature information of the incineration shell 7;
the pressure sensor 19 is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell 7 and used for detecting pressure information received by the bottom of the incineration shell 7;
the alarm 22 is arranged on the incineration shell 7;
the display 21 is arranged on the incineration shell 7;
the first controller 20 is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell 7, is respectively connected with the temperature sensor 18, the pressure sensor 19, the alarm 22, the gas switching valve 10 and the display 21, and is used for:
receiving temperature information sent by the temperature sensor 18, and judging whether the temperature information is within a preset temperature range, wherein the preset temperature range comprises a first preset temperature threshold and a second preset temperature threshold, and the first preset temperature threshold is greater than the second preset temperature threshold; when the temperature information is determined to be greater than the first preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas switching valve 10 to adjust so as to reduce the amount of gas combusted in unit time; when the temperature information is determined to be smaller than the second preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas switching valve 10 to adjust so as to increase the amount of gas combusted in unit time;
receiving pressure information sent by the pressure sensor 19, judging whether the pressure information is greater than a preset pressure threshold value, controlling the fluidized bed incinerator to stop working when the pressure information is determined to be greater than the preset pressure threshold value, and controlling the alarm 22 to send out a first alarm prompt;
and controlling the display 21 to display the temperature information and the pressure information.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: the temperature sensor 18 is used for detecting the temperature information of the incineration shell; the pressure sensor 19 is used for detecting the pressure information received by the bottom of the incineration shell; the first controller 20 is configured to receive the temperature information sent by the temperature sensor 18, and determine whether the temperature information is within a preset temperature range, where the preset temperature range includes a first preset temperature threshold and a second preset temperature threshold, and the first preset temperature threshold is greater than the second preset temperature threshold; when the temperature information is determined to be greater than the first preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas switching valve 10 to adjust so as to reduce the amount of gas combusted in unit time; when the temperature information is determined to be smaller than the second preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas switching valve 10 to adjust so as to increase the amount of gas combusted in unit time; the first controller 20 is further configured to receive pressure information sent by the pressure sensor 19, determine whether the pressure information is greater than a preset pressure threshold, control the fluidized bed incinerator to stop working when it is determined that the pressure information is greater than the preset pressure threshold, and control the alarm 22 to send a first alarm prompt; the first controller 20 is further configured to control the display 21 to display the temperature information and the pressure information.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme: according to the fluidized bed incinerator for treating the solid waste, the temperature sensor arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell can detect the temperature information of the incinerator, and the temperature information is compared according to the temperature range preset by a user, when the temperature information is not in the temperature range preset by the user, the temperature can be automatically adjusted, the working efficiency of the incinerator is improved to a great extent, and different solid wastes have different burning points, so that the using amount of fuel gas is saved, resources are saved, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, the pressure sensor arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell can detect the pressure information of the incineration furnace and compare the pressure information according to the pressure threshold value preset by a user, when the detected pressure information is greater than the pressure threshold value preset by the user, the incineration furnace is controlled to stop working through the first controller and the first alarm is controlled to send out a first alarm prompt, so that explosion caused by too large pressure in the incineration furnace is avoided, the life safety of people around the incineration furnace is ensured, and the service life of the incineration furnace is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 7, the fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment further comprises an exhaust gas purification device 23, a second controller 24, a buzzer 25; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the exhaust gas purification device 23 is connected to the second interface of the blower, and is configured to purify the exhaust gas blown by the blower;
the buzzer 25 is arranged on the incineration shell;
the second controller 24 is arranged below the ventilation box, is respectively connected with the waste purification device and the second alarm 22, and is used for detecting the purification efficiency of the waste gas purification device 23, judging whether the purification efficiency is smaller than a preset purification efficiency, and controlling the buzzer 25 to send out a second alarm prompt when the purification efficiency is determined to be smaller than the preset purification efficiency;
calculating the purification efficiency of the exhaust gas purification device 23 includes:
calculating pair passing blowerEfficiency η of capturing pollutant particles in exhaust gas entering exhaust gas purification device 231As shown in equation (1):
wherein r is an average particle diameter of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas purification device 23 by the blower; l is a capture length of the exhaust gas purification apparatus 23 for pollutant particles in the exhaust gas; c is the concentration of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device 23 through the blower; s is a trapping amount of the pollutant particles in the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas purification device 23 by the blower;
according to the capture efficiency eta of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device 23 through the blower1And the purification efficiency η of the exhaust gas purification device 23 is calculated as shown in the formula (2):
wherein, V0Is the free settling velocity of the contaminant particles; v1Is the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas purification apparatus 23; t is a purification time of the exhaust gas by the exhaust gas purification device 23.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: exhaust gas purification device 23 is used for carrying out purification treatment through the waste gas of the effluvium of air-blower, in order to guarantee exhaust gas purification device 23's purification efficiency, second controller 24 is used for detecting exhaust gas purification device 23's purification efficiency, and judge whether purification efficiency is less than predetermines purification efficiency, is confirming when purification efficiency is less than predetermine purification efficiency, control bee calling organ 25 sends the second warning suggestion, and wherein, the free settling velocity of pollutant granule is the velocity of motion of pollutant granule relative to the air.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme: the fluidized bed incinerator for treating the solid waste can purify the waste gas passing through the air blower through the waste gas purification device connected with the other interface of the air blower, so that the pollution of irritant gas to the atmosphere is reduced, the freshness of surrounding air is improved, and the green environmental protection performance of the incinerator is improved; the average particle size of pollutant particles in the waste gas that gets into waste gas purification device through the air-blower is considered when calculating waste gas purification device's purification efficiency, the concentration of pollutant in the waste gas that gets into waste gas purification device through the air-blower, factor such as the volume of catching of pollutant particles in the waste gas that gets into waste gas purification device through the air-blower, make the purification efficiency who calculates more accurate, improve and judge the accuracy of purification efficiency and predetermine the purification efficiency size, be convenient for when purification efficiency is less than predetermine purification efficiency, bee calling organ sends the second kind and reports to the police and suggests, remind the staff should in time look over whether trouble problem takes place in the part in waste gas purification device, when removing the trouble problem of part in waste gas purification device, in time maintain, loss is reduced, guarantee purification efficiency.
As shown in fig. 8, the fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment further comprises:
a crushing device 26 arranged inside the incineration housing and used for crushing the solid waste in the incineration housing before incineration;
the crushing device 26 comprises a motor and a crushing barrel; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a plurality of blades are arranged in the crushing barrel;
the motor is used for providing power for the crushing device 26;
the first controller 20 is connected to the crushing device 26, and is configured to calculate a crushing rate of the crushing device 26, determine whether the crushing rate is smaller than a preset crushing rate, and control the alarm 22 to send a third alarm prompt when it is determined that the crushing rate is smaller than the preset crushing rate;
the calculating the shredding rate of the shredding device 26 includes:
calculating the length L of the waste residue after the solid waste is crushed, as shown in formula (3):
wherein n is the rotating speed of the motor; d is the diameter of the crushing barrel; is the slip coefficient of the blade; k is the number of the blades; r is1Radius of gyration for the blade cutting point; v is the cutting line speed of the blade for cutting the solid waste;
calculating a crushing rate ω of the crushing apparatus (26) according to the length L of the slag after crushing the solid waste, as shown in formula (4):
ω＝90K×S×n×ζ××L (4)
wherein S is the area of the solid waste before crushing; ζ is the weight per cubic meter of the solid waste in the crushing barrel after crushing; the filling factor of the crushed solid waste in the crushing barrel is obtained.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: the crushing device 26 is used for crushing the solid waste in the incineration shell before incineration, in order to ensure the crushing rate of the crushing device, the first controller 20 is used for calculating the crushing rate of the crushing device 26, judging whether the crushing rate is smaller than a preset crushing rate or not, and controlling the alarm 22 to send a third alarm prompt when the crushing rate is determined to be smaller than the preset crushing rate;
the beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme: according to the fluidized bed incinerator for treating the solid waste, the solid waste in the incineration shell is crushed by the crushing device before incineration, so that the working efficiency of the incinerator is greatly improved, the combustion amount of coal gas is reduced, resources are saved, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, the area of the crushing device before crushing solid waste and the area of the crushing device after crushing the solid waste are taken into consideration when the crushing speed of the crushing device is calculated, the weight of each cubic meter in the crushing barrel and the filling factor of the crushing barrel after crushing the solid waste are taken into consideration, so that the calculated incineration speed is more accurate, the accuracy of judging the crushing speed and the size of the preset crushing speed is improved, the alarm sends a third alarm prompt when the crushing speed is smaller than the preset crushing efficiency, a worker is reminded to timely check whether the crushing device has a fault or not, and the crushing device is timely maintained when the fault of the crushing device is determined, the crushing efficiency is guaranteed, and the working efficiency of the incinerator is further guaranteed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fluidized bed incinerator for solid waste treatment, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: the bottom of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with first supports (2) which are symmetrically distributed, a chute is formed in the shell (1), the chute in the shell (1) is movably connected with a storage trough (3), the storage trough (3) penetrates and extends to the outside of the shell (1), circular notches which are symmetrically distributed are formed in two sides of an inner cavity of the shell (1), a track (4) is movably connected with the circular notch in the inner cavity of the shell (1), a driving motor (5) is fixedly connected with the outer side of the shell (1), a guide chute (6) is movably connected with the outer side of the guide chute in the bottom of the shell (1), an incineration shell (7) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the guide chute (6), a ventilation box (8) is fixedly connected with one side of the outer part of the incineration shell (7), and an exhaust pipe (13) is fixedly connected with the other side of the outer part of the, a rectangular notch is arranged on the outer part of the incineration shell (7), a sealing plate (9) is movably connected with the rectangular notch on the outer part of the incineration shell (7), the top of the incineration shell (7) is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed gas conversion valves (10), the bottom of the gas conversion valve (10) penetrates through and extends to the inner cavity of the incineration shell (7), the middle part of the inner cavity of the incineration shell (7) is fixedly connected with a separation block (12), the bottom of the separation block (12) is fixedly connected with a dust collecting clamping plate (11), the dust collecting clamp plate (11) is fixedly connected inside the incineration shell (7), the top end of the exhaust pipe (13) is fixedly connected with a filter vat (14), the filter comprises a filter barrel (14), a filter element (15) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the filter barrel (14), a filter layer is fixedly connected to the inner portion of the filter barrel (14), and a filter element (17) is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the filter barrel (14).
2. The fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 1, wherein: the slope surface of the slope is fixedly connected to the inner portion of the shell (1), the slope surface of the slope is located at the top of the crawler belt (4) and is arranged on the inner portion of the shell (1), the rectangular fixing piece is fixedly connected to the top of the first support (2), and the cylindrical groove is formed in the first support (2).
3. The fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 1, wherein: rectangular groove has been seted up to the inside of stock chest (3), circular notch has been seted up to the outside one side of stock chest (3), the inboard swing joint of the outside circular notch of stock chest (3) has the rubber buffer, evenly distributed's hole is seted up to the outside of track (4), bellied dog-ear board groove has been seted up in the outside of track (4), driving motor (5) are existing equipment.
4. The fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 1, wherein: a sliding groove is formed in the guide chute (6), a sealing plate is movably connected to the sliding groove in the guide chute (6), the sealing plate in the guide chute (6) penetrates through and extends to the outside of the guide chute (6), a hollow interlayer is formed in the incineration shell (7), a metal filter screen is fixedly connected to the inside of the ventilation box (8), a ventilation pipeline is fixedly connected to the outside of the ventilation box (8), and the ventilation pipeline outside the ventilation box (8) is fixedly connected to a first interface position of the air blower; the air blower is arranged on the left side of the ventilation box.
5. The fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 1, wherein: the outer portion of the gas conversion valve (10) is fixedly connected with an annular guide pipe, the bottom of the gas conversion valve (10) is fixedly connected with symmetrically-distributed flame nozzles, the outer side of the flame nozzles at the bottom of the gas conversion valve (10) is fixedly connected with a metal fire gathering cover, symmetrically-distributed grooves are formed in the dust gathering clamping plate (11), and the symmetrically-distributed clamping plates are movably connected with the grooves in the dust gathering clamping plate (11).
6. The fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 1, wherein: the inside swing joint of filter core (15) has moist cotton pad, the outside fixedly connected with metal filter screen of filter core (15), the inside swing joint of filter layer has activated carbon powder filtering layer.
7. The fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a temperature sensor (18), a pressure sensor (19), a first controller (20), a display (21) and an alarm (22); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the temperature sensor (18) is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell (7) and used for detecting the temperature information of the incineration shell (7);
the pressure sensor (19) is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell (7) and is used for detecting pressure information received by the bottom of the incineration shell (7);
the alarm (22) is arranged on the incineration shell (7);
the display (21) is arranged on the incineration housing (7);
the first controller (20) is arranged at the bottom of the incineration shell (7), is respectively connected with the temperature sensor (18), the pressure sensor (19), the alarm (22), the gas conversion valve (10) and the display (21), and is used for:
receiving temperature information sent by the temperature sensor (18), and judging whether the temperature information is in a preset temperature range, wherein the preset temperature range comprises a first preset temperature threshold and a second preset temperature threshold, and the first preset temperature threshold is larger than the second preset temperature threshold; when the temperature information is determined to be larger than the first preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas conversion valve (10) to perform adjustment so as to reduce the amount of gas burnt in unit time; when the temperature information is determined to be smaller than the second preset temperature threshold value, controlling the gas conversion valve (10) to perform adjustment so as to increase the amount of gas combusted in unit time;
receiving pressure information sent by the pressure sensor (19), judging whether the pressure information is greater than a preset pressure threshold value or not, controlling the fluidized bed incinerator to stop working when the pressure information is determined to be greater than the preset pressure threshold value, and controlling the alarm (22) to send a first alarm prompt;
and controlling the display (21) to display the temperature information and the pressure information.
8. The fluidized-bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 4, wherein: the device also comprises an exhaust gas purification device (23), a second controller (24) and a buzzer (25); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the waste gas purification device (23) is connected with the second interface of the blower and is used for purifying waste gas blown out by the blower;
the buzzer (25) is arranged on the incineration shell (7);
the second controller (24) is arranged below the ventilation box, is respectively connected with the waste gas purification device (23) and the second alarm (22), and is used for detecting the purification efficiency of the waste gas purification device (23), judging whether the purification efficiency is smaller than the preset purification efficiency or not, and controlling the buzzer (25) to send out a second alarm prompt when the purification efficiency is determined to be smaller than the preset purification efficiency;
calculating a purification efficiency of the exhaust gas purification device (23), comprising:
calculating the capture efficiency eta of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device (23) through the blower1As shown in equation (1):
wherein r is an average particle diameter of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device (23) through the blower; l is the capture length of the exhaust gas purification device (23) for pollutant particles in the exhaust gas; c is the concentration of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device (23) through the blower; s is the amount of collected pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device (23) through the blower;
according to the capture efficiency eta of pollutant particles in the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device (23) through the blower1And calculating a purification efficiency η of the exhaust gas purification device (23), as shown in formula (2):
wherein, V0Is the free settling velocity of the contaminant particles; v1Is the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas purification device (23); t is the purification time of the exhaust gas by the exhaust gas purification device (23).
9. The fluid bed incinerator for solid waste disposal according to claim 7, wherein: further comprising:
a crushing device (26) which is arranged inside the incineration shell (7) and is used for crushing the solid waste inside the incineration shell (7) before incineration;
the crushing device (26) comprises a motor and a crushing barrel; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a plurality of blades are arranged in the crushing barrel;
the motor is used for providing power for the crushing device (26);
the first controller (20) is connected with the crushing device (26) and is used for calculating the crushing rate of the crushing device (26), judging whether the crushing rate is smaller than a preset crushing rate or not, and controlling the alarm (22) to send a third alarm prompt when the crushing rate is determined to be smaller than the preset crushing rate;
the calculating a shredding rate of the shredding device (26) comprises:
calculating the length L of the waste residue after the solid waste is crushed, as shown in formula (3):
wherein n is the rotating speed of the motor; d is the diameter of the crushing barrel; is the slip coefficient of the blade; k is the number of the blades; r is1Radius of gyration for the blade cutting point; v is the cutting line speed of the blade for cutting the solid waste;
calculating a crushing rate ω of the crushing apparatus (26) according to the length L of the slag after crushing the solid waste, as shown in formula (4):
ω＝90K×S×n×ζ××L (4)
wherein S is the area of the solid waste before crushing; ζ is the weight per cubic meter of the solid waste in the crushing barrel after crushing; the filling factor of the crushed solid waste in the crushing barrel is obtained.
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| US4986198A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1991-01-22 | Ebara Corporation | Method of controlling combustion in fluidized bed incinerator |
| CN1850370A (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2006-10-25 | 滕清华 | Life-garbage comprehensive treatment technology |
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