CN112095072B - Gas nitriding processing technology for rotating shaft of automobile differential mechanism - Google Patents
Gas nitriding processing technology for rotating shaft of automobile differential mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN112095072B CN112095072B CN202011200072.2A CN202011200072A CN112095072B CN 112095072 B CN112095072 B CN 112095072B CN 202011200072 A CN202011200072 A CN 202011200072A CN 112095072 B CN112095072 B CN 112095072B
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- rotating shaft
- furnace
- differential
- nitriding
- nitriding furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gas nitriding processing technology for a rotating shaft of an automobile differential, which comprises the following steps: to be filled with the differential shaftThe material frame is sent into a cleaning machine to clean the surface of the part; putting the mixture into a nitriding furnace, and closing a furnace door; heating to carry out surface pre-oxidation treatment; vacuumizing the nitriding furnace chamber, and performing surface plasma activation treatment; introducing N into the nitriding furnace2Heating a differential mechanism rotating shaft in the furnace to 570 ℃; introducing NH into the nitriding furnace3、CO2、N2Carrying out heat preservation; introduction of N2Cooling, vacuumizing, and activating ion activation treatment; adjusting the temperature to 530 ℃, and then carrying out oxidation treatment; introducing N into the nitriding furnace cavity2Cooling a differential rotating shaft; opening the air release valve to release N in the nitriding furnace cavity2And (4) starting the nitriding furnace under normal pressure, and discharging the differential mechanism rotating shaft out of the furnace along with the frame. The invention improves the heat treatment parameters in the prior art, enhances the strength of the surface of the rotating shaft of the differential, thereby improving the wear resistance, and simultaneously can reduce the heat treatment time and improve the treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment and heat treatment, in particular to a gas nitriding processing technology for an automobile differential mechanism rotating shaft.
Background
The automobile differential mechanism can realize a mechanism that left and right (or front and rear) driving wheels rotate at different rotating speeds. Mainly comprises a left half shaft gear, a right half shaft gear, two planetary gears, a rotating shaft and a gear carrier. The function is that when the automobile turns or runs on an uneven road surface, the left wheel and the right wheel roll at different rotating speeds, namely, the pure rolling motion of the driving wheels at two sides is ensured. The differential is provided for adjusting the difference in the rotational speeds of the left and right wheels.
With the development of new energy automobiles, all host plants start to arrange new energy automobiles, and the power of the new energy automobiles is characterized by high torque and higher requirements on the bearing capacity of parts and the surface abrasion of the parts, the differential mechanism rotating shaft fuel oil vehicle uses 30CrNiMo alloy material, the technical requirement of surface treatment is plasma gas nitriding, the heat treatment process carries out heat treatment according to the traditional process parameters, all indexes detected after the heat treatment completely meet the requirements, but serious abrasion is found in an installed endurance test bench test, and the abrasion resistance requirement of the new energy differential mechanism rotating shaft cannot be met. Therefore, there is a need for modifications to the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas nitriding processing technology for an automobile differential rotating shaft, which improves the heat treatment parameters in the prior art and enhances the surface strength of the differential rotating shaft, thereby improving the wear resistance, reducing the heat treatment time and improving the treatment efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gas nitriding processing technology for a rotating shaft of an automobile differential comprises the following steps:
1) feeding the material frame filled with the differential mechanism rotating shaft into a cleaning machine for cleaning the surface of the part;
2) putting the cleaned material frame fully loaded with the differential mechanism rotating shaft into a nitriding furnace, and closing a furnace door;
3) heating the nitriding furnace cavity to a temperature T1 at a heating rate v1=3 ℃/min, carrying out first-stage heat preservation, and carrying out surface pre-oxidation treatment;
4) vacuumizing the nitriding furnace chamber to a vacuum degree of P1, starting an ion generator, and introducing N2And H2Performing surface plasma activation treatment for 20-30 min;
5) introducing N into the nitriding furnace2Adjusting the air pressure in the heating chamber to be positive pressure, and controlling N2Circulating in a nitriding furnace, and heating a differential mechanism rotating shaft in the furnace to 570 ℃;
6) introducing 7m of NH into the nitriding furnace3、 1.2m³/h CO2、7 m³/h N2Performing two-stage heat preservation for 410-430 min;
7) introduction of N2Cooling to 520 ℃, vacuumizing, starting ion activation treatment, and carrying out three-stage heat preservation for 30-60 min;
8) adjusting the temperature to 530 deg.C (10 deg.C higher than the previous step to reduce the holding time for subsequent oxidation), and introducing into the furnace for 6 m plantation/h N2、6 m³/h H2O, carrying out four-stage heat preservation for 60 min, and carrying out oxidation treatment;
9) introducing N into the nitriding furnace cavity2Cooling the differential rotating shaft, wherein the temperature of the differential rotating shaft is cooled at a speed v2=100 ℃/S until the temperature is reduced to be below 200 ℃, and stopping cooling;
10) opening the air release valve to release N in the nitriding furnace cavity2When the air pressure P2 is normal pressure, the nitriding furnace is started, and the differential mechanism rotating shaft is taken out of the furnace along with the frame.
According to the scheme, the temperature T1 is 340-360 ℃, and the first-stage heat preservation time T1 is 20-30 min.
According to the scheme, the vacuum degree P1 is less than or equal to 10 Pa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the method changes the traditional heat treatment parameters of the rotating shaft of the differential mechanism to carry out N nitriding in the nitriding process2Increasing the concentration from 5m to 7m, increasing surface N2Concentration of diffusion adsorption by spectroscopic analysis, N2The concentration of the N element is increased from the original 6% to 10%, and the N element has an important function of increasing the strength of the metal surface in steel, so that the wear resistance of the differential mechanism rotating shaft is improved, and the requirement of the differential mechanism rotating shaft on the wear resistance can be met;
2) according to the invention, by increasing the temperature in the nitriding stage (the traditional heat preservation at 550 ℃ for 700 min is changed into the heat preservation at 570 ℃ for 420 min), the diffusion speed of nitriding is increased, the processing time of heat treatment is reduced (300 min is reduced), the cost of heat treatment is saved, and the energy consumption of the process equipment is reduced;
3) the differential rotating shaft treated by the method can meet the requirement on the wear resistance of the new energy differential rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1:
the invention provides a gas nitriding processing technology for a rotating shaft of an automobile differential, which comprises the following steps:
1) feeding the material frame filled with the differential mechanism rotating shaft into a cleaning machine for cleaning the surface of the part;
2) putting the cleaned material frame fully loaded with the differential mechanism rotating shaft into a nitriding furnace, and closing a furnace door;
3) heating the nitriding furnace cavity at a heating rate v1=3 ℃/min to a temperature T1 of 350 ℃, carrying out one-stage heat preservation for 25 min, and carrying out surface pre-oxidation treatment;
4) vacuumizing the nitriding furnace chamber to 8 Pa under the vacuum degree P1, and then startingIon generator, introducing N2And H2Performing surface plasma activation for 25 min;
5) introducing N into the nitriding furnace2Adjusting the air pressure in the heating chamber to be positive pressure, and controlling N2Circulating in a nitriding furnace, and heating a differential mechanism rotating shaft in the furnace to 570 ℃;
6) introducing 7m of NH into the nitriding furnace3、 1.2m³/h CO2、7 m³/h N2Performing two-stage heat preservation for 420 min;
7) introduction of N2Cooling to 520 ℃, vacuumizing, starting ion activation treatment, and carrying out three-stage heat preservation for 30-60 min;
8) adjusting temperature to 530 deg.C, and introducing into the furnace for 6 m/h N2、6 m³/h H2O, carrying out four-stage heat preservation for 60 min, and carrying out oxidation treatment;
9) introducing N into the nitriding furnace cavity2Cooling the differential rotating shaft, wherein the temperature of the differential rotating shaft is cooled at a speed v2=100 ℃/S until the temperature is reduced to 180 ℃, and stopping cooling;
10) opening the air release valve to release N in the nitriding furnace cavity2When the air pressure P2 is normal pressure, the nitriding furnace is started, and the differential mechanism rotating shaft is taken out of the furnace along with the frame.
The differential shaft after heat treatment of example 1 was subjected to wear resistance tests and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 EXAMPLE 1 abrasion resistance test results of differential rotating shaft after Heat treatment
As can be seen from Table 1, the wear resistance of the differential rotating shaft treated by the method of the invention under different rotating speed differences is superior to that treated by the existing method; meanwhile, the platform test requirement of the new energy differential rotating shaft is that the rotating shaft meets the requirement of differential speed of 550rpm and above, and the rotating shaft is judged to be qualified, so that the rotating shaft of the differential processed by the existing method cannot meet the requirement of the abrasion resistance of the rotating shaft of the new energy differential, and the rotating shaft of the differential processed by the method can meet the requirement of the abrasion resistance of the rotating shaft of the new energy differential.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating but not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the above embodiments describe the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and any modifications and equivalents may fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A gas nitriding processing technology for a rotating shaft of an automobile differential is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) feeding the material frame filled with the differential mechanism rotating shaft into a cleaning machine for cleaning the surface of the part;
2) putting the cleaned material frame fully loaded with the differential mechanism rotating shaft into a nitriding furnace, and closing a furnace door;
3) heating the nitriding furnace cavity to a temperature T1 at a heating rate v1=3 ℃/min, carrying out first-stage heat preservation, and carrying out surface pre-oxidation treatment;
4) vacuumizing the nitriding furnace chamber to a vacuum degree of P1, starting an ion generator, and introducing N2And H2Performing surface plasma activation treatment for 20-30 min;
5) introducing N into the nitriding furnace2Adjusting the air pressure in the heating chamber to be positive pressure, and controlling N2Circulating in a nitriding furnace, and heating a differential mechanism rotating shaft in the furnace to 570 ℃;
6) introducing 7m of NH into the nitriding furnace3、1.2m³/h CO2、7 m³/h N2Performing two-stage heat preservation for 410-430 min;
7) introduction of N2Cooling to 520 ℃, vacuumizing, starting ion activation treatment, and carrying out three-stage heat preservation for 30-60 min;
8) adjusting temperature to 530 deg.C, and introducing into the furnace for 6 m/h N2、6 m³/h H2O, carrying out four-stage heat preservation for 60 min, and carrying out oxidation treatment;
9) introducing N into the nitriding furnace cavity2Cooling the differential rotating shaft, wherein the temperature of the differential rotating shaft is cooled at a speed v2=100 ℃/S until the temperature is reduced to be below 200 ℃, and stopping cooling;
10) opening the air release valve to release N in the nitriding furnace cavity2When the air pressure P2 is normal pressure, the nitriding furnace is started, and the differential mechanism rotating shaft is taken out of the furnace along with the frame.
2. The gas nitriding process for the automobile differential rotating shaft according to claim 1, wherein the temperature T1 is 340-360 ℃, and the time T1 of the first-stage heat preservation is 20-30 min.
3. The gas nitriding process for the automobile differential rotating shaft according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum degree P1 is less than or equal to 10 Pa.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011200072.2A CN112095072B (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Gas nitriding processing technology for rotating shaft of automobile differential mechanism |
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| CN202011200072.2A CN112095072B (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Gas nitriding processing technology for rotating shaft of automobile differential mechanism |
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| CN112095072A CN112095072A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
| CN112095072B true CN112095072B (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2913316B2 (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1999-06-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Continuous surface treatment furnace |
| CN109811298B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-02-04 | 中南大学 | Method and device for pretreating hard alloy cutter before diamond coating deposition |
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