CN112094694A - Drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor and application thereof - Google Patents
Drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112094694A CN112094694A CN202010990820.5A CN202010990820A CN112094694A CN 112094694 A CN112094694 A CN 112094694A CN 202010990820 A CN202010990820 A CN 202010990820A CN 112094694 A CN112094694 A CN 112094694A
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 9
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011869 dried fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960005150 glycerol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960000448 lactic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009392 Vitis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940001447 lactate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 2-methylimidazolyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004251 Ammonium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009917 Crataegus X brevipes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013204 Crataegus X haemacarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009685 Crataegus X maligna Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009444 Crataegus X rubrocarnea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009486 Crataegus bullatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017181 Crataegus chrysocarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009682 Crataegus limnophila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004423 Crataegus monogyna Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000171 Crataegus monogyna Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002313 Crataegus paludosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009840 Crataegus x incaedua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011511 Diospyros Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000236655 Diospyros kaki Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061508 Eriobotrya japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009008 Eriobotrya japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000182216 Mimusops elengi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002948 Ophiopogon intermedius Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006545 Ziziphus mauritiana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000126002 Ziziphus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008529 Ziziphus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940059265 ammonium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019286 ammonium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RZOBLYBZQXQGFY-HSHFZTNMSA-N azanium;(2r)-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [NH4+].C[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RZOBLYBZQXQGFY-HSHFZTNMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002122 magnetic nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical class CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium lactate Chemical compound [K+].CC(O)C([O-])=O PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001521 potassium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011085 potassium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001304 potassium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/0003—Compounds of unspecified constitution defined by the chemical reaction for their preparation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
- A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco flavor manufacturing, and discloses a drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor and application thereof. The drawing agent can provide high osmotic pressure, has high concentration efficiency, is convenient to recover, has little or no migration, does not have negative influence on the sensory suction quality of the spice, can play roles of fuming, moisturizing, bacteriostasis, prolonging the quality guarantee period and the like for the drawing agent with trace migration, and has the advantages of low loss of volatile flavor components in materials and high quality of the obtained water extract smells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco flavor manufacturing, and particularly relates to a drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor and application thereof.
Background
The tobacco flavor belongs to edible flavors, the water extract is one of the product forms of the tobacco flavor, and the common water extract comprises water extracts of tobacco (such as flue-cured tobacco, sun-cured tobacco and the like), fruits (such as apple, loquat, strawberry, Chinese date, fig and the like), dried fruits (such as raisin, dried persimmon and the like) and edible traditional Chinese medicines (such as medlar, hawthorn, dwarf lilyturf tuber, dark plum and the like).
The water extract spice for the cigarette is generally prepared by an evaporation concentration mode, and during evaporation concentration, some volatile aroma components in materials are denatured along with chemical reactions such as solvent evaporation flow loss and thermosensitive aroma components, such as polymerization and decomposition, so that the water extract prepared by the evaporation concentration mode has low content of the volatile aroma components and the thermosensitive aroma components, and has poor smell quality.
Forward Osmosis (FO) concentration is a utilization mode of Forward Osmosis technology, water is spontaneously transferred from a low-Osmosis pressure area to a high-Osmosis pressure area until the osmotic pressures of solutions on two sides of a membrane are equal by taking the osmotic pressure difference of the solutions on two sides of a selective Osmosis membrane as a driving force, and the Forward Osmosis membrane has the advantages of low operation pressure, low energy consumption, high material retention rate, low membrane pollution and the like in the operation process.
The draw reagent provides a direct driving force for the FO system and is a key element of the FO process. The basic requirements for a generally suitable draw reagent are: high osmotic pressure, low back diffusion, easy separation from water, economic feasibility, reusability, no toxicity, and compatibility with FO membrane. Common drawing agents include inorganic type, organic type and magnetic drawing agent, and inorganic type is K+、Na+、NH4 +、Mg2 +、Cl-、NO3 -、SO4 2-、PO4 3-Salts, etc., have high osmotic pressure but are easily diffused in the reverse direction and are not easily recycled. Organic extractants such as 2-methylimidazolyl compounds, hexavalent phosphazene compounds and the like have high osmotic pressure, but need to be recovered in a reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration mode and the like, so that the energy consumption is high, and some organic extractants have toxicity and are not suitable for the preparation process of food or drinking water. The magnetic drawing agent such as magnetic particles and magnetic nanoparticles is easy to separate from water by using a magnetic field and a low-pressure membrane process, but is easy to agglomerate.
In addition to the basic requirements, the draw-up agent for the forward osmotic concentration of tobacco flavors must also meet the requirements of a small migration volume and not have an unacceptable negative impact on the sensory smoking quality. Because of these limitations, the ability to screen for a suitable draw reagent is critical to the success of forward osmosis in the concentration of tobacco flavors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor and application thereof, wherein the drawing agent can provide high osmotic pressure, has high concentration efficiency, is convenient to recover, has little or no migration, does not have negative influence on the sensory suction quality of the flavor, can play roles of fuming, moisturizing, bacteriostasis, prolonging the quality guarantee period and the like for a trace amount of migrated drawing agent, and is concentrated at a lower temperature (lower than 45 ℃), the loss amount of volatile flavor components in materials is small, and the obtained water extract has high odor quality.
The technique and method adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems are as follows:
a draw agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor comprises one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol, and lactic acid.
Further, the drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor consists of one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and lactic acid and lactate.
Further, an application of the drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor is as follows:
and (3) taking the water extract as a raw material, placing the water extract in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, taking a forward osmosis membrane as a separation membrane, using the drawing agent, concentrating at room temperature, and stopping concentrating after the target concentration is reached to obtain the required tobacco flavor.
Further, the water extract is obtained by filtering or settling the tobacco water extract, the edible traditional Chinese medicine water extract or the fruit and dried fruit water extract and then taking supernatant; the tobacco water extract is water extract of tobacco, such as aromatic tobacco, flue-cured tobacco, sun-cured tobacco, etc.; the edible Chinese medicinal water extract is water extract of edible Chinese medicinal materials, such as radix Ophiopogonis, fructus Lycii, Glycyrrhrizae radix, etc.; the fruit water extract is water extract of fruit, such as fructus Vitis Viniferae, fructus fici, fructus Eriobotryae, and fructus Jujubae.
Further, the concentration adopts a single stage or multiple stages, and each stage of concentration adopts the same draw reagent or different draw reagents.
Further, the diluted drawing agent is recycled by adopting an evaporation concentration or rectification mode.
The glycerin and the propylene glycol are commonly used humectants for cigarettes, and are also novel atomizing agents and smoking agents for tobacco (electronic cigarettes and heating cigarettes), and the tobacco flavor of some water extract adopts the glycerin or the propylene glycol as a preservative; the glycerin and the propylene glycol are liquid at normal temperature, can be mixed and dissolved with water in any ratio, are chemically stable, have molecular weights of 92 and 76 respectively, densities of 1.26g/ml and 1.04g/ml respectively, and osmotic pressures of 13.69mol/L and 13.68mol/L respectively, and can be used as excellent drawing agents.
The lactic acid can keep the humidity of the tobacco in the cigarette industry, improve the comfort and make the smoke exquisite and soft. In addition, lactic acid has the functions of bacteriostasis and prolonging the shelf life. The lactic acid is solid at normal temperature, can be mixed with water in any ratio, is stable in chemical property, has the molecular weight of 90, the density of 1.209g/ml and the osmotic pressure of 26.84mol/L, and can be used as an excellent drawing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. propylene glycol, glycerin and lactic acid are among the commonly used tobacco humectants.
2. The migration amount is small or no migration, the negative influence on the sensory smoking quality of the spice is avoided, and the absorption agent with micro migration can play roles in fuming, moisture preservation, bacteriostasis, prolonging the shelf life and the like.
3. The drawing agent is convenient to recover and easy to realize.
4. Provides high osmotic pressure and high concentration efficiency.
5. The concentration is carried out at a lower temperature (lower than 45 ℃), the loss of volatile flavor components in the material is small, and the obtained water extract has high smell quality.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of examples of the present invention, and not all examples. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available by purchase.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor consists of one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and lactic acid.
A sucking agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor comprises one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol, and lactic acid, and lactate.
Specifically, the application of the drawing agent for forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking the water extract as a raw material, placing the water extract in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, taking a forward osmosis membrane as a separation membrane, using the drawing agent, concentrating at room temperature, and stopping concentrating after the target concentration is reached to obtain the required tobacco flavor.
Specifically, the water extract is obtained by filtering or settling a tobacco water extract, an edible traditional Chinese medicine water extract or a fruit and dried fruit water extract and then taking supernatant; the tobacco water extract is water extract of tobacco, such as aromatic tobacco, flue-cured tobacco, sun-cured tobacco, etc.; the edible Chinese medicinal water extract is water extract of edible Chinese medicinal materials, such as radix Ophiopogonis, fructus Lycii, Glycyrrhrizae radix, etc.; the fruit water extract is water extract of fruit, such as fructus Vitis Viniferae, fructus fici, fructus Eriobotryae, and fructus Jujubae.
Specifically, the concentration adopts a single stage or multiple stages, and each stage of concentration adopts the same drawing agent or different drawing agents.
Specifically, the diluted drawing agent is recycled by adopting an evaporation concentration or rectification mode.
Example 1
10kg of K326 tobacco fragment aqueous solution which is filtered by 500-mesh filter cloth to remove suspended impurities and has the solid content of 5.2% is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, multi-stage concentration is carried out at room temperature by taking an aquaporin hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane as a separation membrane and propylene glycol as a drawing agent, and the flow rates of the tobacco solution and the drawing agent are both controlled to be 0.7L/min.
The first-stage concentration uses 0.8L of propylene glycol as a drawing agent, when the drawing agent loses the drawing capability, the same amount of propylene glycol is replaced as the drawing agent to carry out second-stage concentration, and the like, the drawing agent is replaced to carry out multi-stage concentration until the solid content of the concentrate is 60%. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The recovery of the drawing agent adopts rectification dehydration: 40 stages at 50kpa, and the fraction before 65 ℃ was removed.
Example 2
10kg of the red big tobacco leaf aqueous solution with suspended impurities and solid content of 4.0 percent removed by filtering through a 200-mesh ceramic membrane is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, a polyamide forward osmosis membrane is taken as a separation membrane, 5L of glycerin is taken as a drawing agent, single-stage concentration is carried out at room temperature, the flow rates of the tobacco solution and the drawing agent are both controlled to be 0.9L/min, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 55 percent. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The recovery of the drawing agent adopts reduced pressure distillation dehydration, and under 40kpa, the fraction before 70 ℃ is removed.
Example 3
15kg of the tobacco supernatant aqueous solution with the solid content of 3.7 percent after sedimentation is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, a aquaporin hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane is taken as a separation membrane, lactic acid is taken as a drawing agent, secondary concentration is carried out at room temperature, and the flow rates of the tobacco solution and the drawing agent are both controlled to be 0.5L/min.
First-stage concentration using 2.2L 90% lactic acid as an absorbent to a solid content of 20%; in the second concentration, 0.6L of lactic acid 90% is used as a drawing agent for concentration until the solid content is 50%. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The recovery of the drawing agent adopts rectification dehydration: 40 stages at 60kpa, the fraction before 70 ℃ was removed.
Example 4
10kg of apple squeezed liquid with the Baume degree of 5.5% and filtered by 400-mesh filter cloth is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, a cellulose acetate forward osmosis membrane is taken as a separation membrane, a mixed solution of propylene glycol and glycerol (1:1) is taken as a drawing agent, multistage concentration is carried out at room temperature, and the flow rates of the apple liquid and the drawing agent are both controlled to be 0.8L/min.
The first-stage concentration uses 1.0L of mixed liquid of propylene glycol and glycerol as a drawing agent, the second-stage concentration uses 0.9L of mixed liquid of propylene glycol and glycerol as a drawing agent, the third-stage concentration uses 0.8L of mixed liquid of propylene glycol and glycerol as a drawing agent, and by analogy, the drawing agent is replaced to carry out multi-stage concentration until the Baume degree of the concentrate is 65%. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The recovery of the drawing agent adopts rectification dehydration: 40 stages at 30kpa, and the fraction before 50 ℃ was removed.
Example 5
10kg of apple squeezed liquid with the Baume degree of 5.5 percent and filtered by 400-mesh filter cloth is put into a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, a aquaporin hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane is taken as a separation membrane, four-stage concentration is carried out at room temperature, the flow rate of the apple liquid is 1.0L/min, and the flow rate of a drawing agent is 0.7L/min.
The first-stage concentration uses 1L of mixed solution of glycerol and propylene glycol (19:1) as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated until the solid content is 12 percent; in the second-stage concentration, 0.8L of mixed solution of glycerol and propylene glycol (1:19) is used as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated until the solid content is 24 percent; the third-stage concentration uses 0.5L of mixed solution of glycerol and lactic acid (9:1) as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated until the solid content is 50 percent; the four-stage concentration uses 0.4L of mixed solution of glycerol and lactic acid (1:9) as a drawing agent, and is concentrated until the Baume degree is 70%. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The recovery of the primary and secondary concentrated drawing agent adopts reduced pressure distillation dehydration, and under 50kpa, the fraction before 65 ℃ is removed. And thirdly, recovering the drawing agent concentrated in the fourth stage by rectifying and dehydrating: 40 stages at 70kpa, and the fraction before 80 ℃ was removed.
Example 6
10kg of grape pressing liquid with the Baume degree of 4.0% and filtered by 400-mesh filter cloth is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, a aquaporin hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane is taken as a separation membrane, a mixed solution of propylene glycol and lactic acid (1:19) is taken as an extracting agent, three-stage concentration is carried out at room temperature, and the flow rates of the grape pressing liquid and the extracting agent are both controlled to be 1.0L/min.
In the first-stage concentration, 1.5L of mixed liquor is used as a drawing agent, and the mixed liquor is concentrated until the solid content is 25 percent; in the second-stage concentration, 0.8L of mixed liquor is used as a drawing agent and concentrated until the solid content is 40%; the third concentration uses 0.5L of mixed liquor as a drawing agent, and is concentrated until the Baume degree is 60%. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The recovery of the drawing agent adopts rectification dehydration: 40 stages at 40kpa, the fraction before 60 ℃ was removed.
Example 7
10kg of strawberry squeezed liquid with solid content of 3.9 percent and filtered by 400-mesh filter cloth is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, a aquaporin hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane is taken as a separation membrane, four-stage concentration is carried out at room temperature, and the flow rates of the strawberry squeezed liquid and a drawing agent are both controlled to be 1.0L/min.
In the first-stage concentration, 1.8L of mixed solution of propylene glycol and lactic acid (19:1) is used as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution of propylene glycol and lactic acid is used as the drawing agent, and the mixture is concentrated to a solid content of 15%; second-stage concentration of 0.8L of mixed solution of propylene glycol, glycerol and lactic acid (1:2:3) as a drawing agent until the solid content is 30%; in the third-stage concentration, 0.5L of mixed solution of propylene glycol and glycerol (1:1) is used as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated until the solid content is 45 percent; the four-stage concentration uses 0.5L of the mixed solution of propylene glycol and lactic acid (1:1) as a drawing agent, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 60 percent. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The second-stage concentrated drawing agent is recovered by rectification dehydration, and the distillate before 60 ℃ is removed under 50 kpa. And thirdly, recovering the concentrated drawing agent in the fourth stage by rectifying and dehydrating, and removing the fraction before 60 ℃ under 50 kpa.
Example 8
10kg of liquorice water extract with solid content of 4.3 percent filtered by a ceramic membrane of 200 meshes is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, three-stage concentration is carried out at room temperature by taking a aquaporin hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane as a separation membrane, and the flow rates of the liquorice water extract and a drawing agent are both controlled to be 0.9L/min.
The first-stage concentration uses 1.5L of mixed solution of glycerol and lactic acid (19:1) as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated until the solid content is 29 percent; in the second-stage concentration, 0.8L of mixed solution of glycerol and lactic acid (1:2) is used as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated until the solid content is 40 percent; the third concentration uses 0.3L of the mixture of glycerol and lactic acid (1:19) and the mixture of propylene glycol and glycerol as a drawing agent, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 60 percent. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
The recovery of the drawing agent adopts reduced pressure distillation dehydration, and under 30kpa, the fraction before 50 ℃ is removed.
Example 9
10kg of radix Ophiopogonis water extract with solid content of 6.8% filtered by 200-mesh ceramic membrane is placed in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, three-stage concentration is carried out at room temperature by taking a aquaporin hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane as a separation membrane, and the flow rates of the radix Glycyrrhizae water extract and a drawing agent are both controlled to be 0.8L/min.
In the first-stage concentration, 2.0 kg of mixed solution of glycerol, propylene glycol, lactic acid and potassium lactate (3:2:1:1) is used as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated to a solid content of 35%; in the second-stage concentration, 0.7 kg of mixed solution of glycerol, lactic acid and ammonium lactate (1:2:1) is used as a drawing agent, and the mixed solution is concentrated until the solid content is 40 percent; the third concentration uses 0.5 kg of the mixture of lactic acid and calcium lactate (3:1) as the drawing agent, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 70%. The migration of the draw reagent is shown in table 1 below.
Recovering the first and second concentrated drawing agents respectively, dehydrating by reduced pressure distillation, and removing the fraction before 55 ℃ under 40 kpa. The recovery of the drawing agent of the third-stage concentration adopts reduced pressure distillation dehydration, and under 60kpa, the fraction before 70 ℃ is removed.
TABLE 1 migration of forward osmosis concentrate draw solutions
Note: detecting propylene glycol and glycerol by YC/T242-2008 gas chromatography for determining the contents of ethanol, 1, 2-propylene glycol and glycerol in tobacco flavor; the content of lactic acid, fumaric acid and citric acid in fruit juice is determined by ion chromatography (J) in lactic acid reference document]Chemometrics, 2014.23(3):57-60 "test; k+、NH4+、Ca2+Reference is made to the literature "Liuyufen, Xiahai Tao, Liangui Xiang" ion chromatography for measuring positive ions Na in fruits+、NH4 +、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+Content of [ J ]]2005.26(12):182-183 ".
The invention can be obtained by examples 1 to 9: the drawing agent can provide high osmotic pressure, has high concentration efficiency, convenient recovery, small migration amount or no migration, does not generate negative influence on the sensory suction quality of the spice, can play roles of fuming, moisture preservation, bacteriostasis, prolonging the quality guarantee period and the like for the drawing agent with micro migration, and has the advantages of low concentration temperature (lower than 45 ℃), small loss amount of volatile flavor components in the material and high quality of the obtained water extract.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of by the inventive labor should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A draw agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor is characterized by comprising one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and lactic acid.
2. A draw agent for forward osmosis concentration of tobacco flavor is characterized in that: is prepared from one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and lactic acid, and lactate.
3. The use of a draw solution for forward osmosis concentration of a tobacco flavor according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the method for applying the drawing agent to forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking the water extract as a raw material, placing the water extract in a concentration chamber of a forward osmosis device, taking a forward osmosis membrane as a separation membrane, using the drawing agent, concentrating at room temperature, and stopping concentrating after the target concentration is reached to obtain the required tobacco flavor.
4. The application of the draw agent for forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the draw agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the water extract is obtained by filtering or settling tobacco water extract, edible traditional Chinese medicine water extract or fruit and dry fruit water extract and then taking supernatant.
5. The application of the draw agent for forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the draw agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the concentration adopts single stage or multi-stage, and each stage of concentration adopts the same drawing agent or different drawing agents.
6. The application of the draw agent for forward osmosis concentration of the tobacco flavor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the draw agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the diluted drawing agent is recycled by adopting an evaporation concentration or rectification mode.
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| CN112998310A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-22 | 山东瑞博斯烟草有限公司 | Concentrated solution of tobacco water extract, concentration method and application |
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