CN112090746A

CN112090746A - Multi-product material sorting method and cascade dry separator

Info

Publication number: CN112090746A
Application number: CN202011235469.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李太友; 梁兴国; 王天威
Original assignee: Tianjin Meiteng Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Meiteng Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-09
Filing date: 2020-11-09
Publication date: 2020-12-18
Also published as: CN216705097U

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-product material sorting method and a cascade dry separator, wherein the multi-product material sorting method comprises the following steps: step 1, feeding the raw coal material to be sorted into a sorting bed (2) from the material distribution device; step 2, vibrating the sorting bed (2) within a preset angle under the action of a vibrating mechanism (4), providing wind with a preset waveform to the sorting bed (2) by an air supply mechanism (3), wherein the preset waveform is a continuous wave line of a time and wind speed relation curve corresponding to the wind, and dividing the raw coal material into a light density layer and a heavy density layer according to density; and 3, discharging the heavy density layer through a bed box lower discharge opening (26), and discharging the light density layer from a bed box discharge opening (25). The multi-product material sorting method and the cascade dry separator realize the high-efficiency separation of coal and gangue, can divide raw coal products into two or three products meeting the indexes, and have great economic benefit.

Description

Multi-product material sorting method and cascade dry separator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal dressing equipment, in particular to a multi-product material sorting method and a ladder flow dry separator.

Background

Materials are separated through the action of wind power, and the following problems exist in the separation field: 1. when the thickness of the bed layer is larger, the lower layer material forms a dead bed layer, and effective layering cannot be obtained; 2. the separation efficiency is low, when the feed particle size range is too wide or the amount of the pulverized coal is large, the separation efficiency is further reduced, and particularly the multi-product separation effect is poor when the density difference is small; 3. the pneumatic separation dust removal pressure is large.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to efficiently sort the granular coal, the invention provides a multi-product material sorting method and a cascade dry separator, the multi-product material sorting method and the cascade dry separator realize the efficient separation of coal and gangue, can divide raw coal products into two or three products meeting the index, and have great economic benefit.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a multi-product material sorting method adopts a ladder flow dry separator, and the ladder flow dry separator comprises the following steps:

the distributing device is used for conveying the raw coal materials to be sorted to the sorting bed at a preset speed;

the separation bed is used for layering the raw coal materials to be separated;

the air supply mechanism is used for supplying air with preset waveforms to the sorting bed;

the vibration mechanism is used for controlling the sorting bed to vibrate within a preset angle;

the discharging mechanism is used for discharging the layered raw coal material and comprises a bed box lower discharging opening and a bed box discharging opening;

the multi-product material sorting method comprises the following steps:

step 1, feeding the raw coal material to be sorted into a sorting bed from the material distribution device;

step 2, vibrating the sorting bed within a preset angle under the action of a vibrating mechanism, providing wind with a preset waveform to the sorting bed by a wind supply mechanism, wherein the preset waveform is a continuous wave line of a time and wind speed relation curve corresponding to the wind, and dividing the raw coal material to be sorted into a light density layer and a heavy density layer according to density;

and 3, discharging the heavy density layer through a discharge outlet of the bed box, and discharging the light density layer through a discharge outlet of the bed box.

In step 2, the preset angle is 45 ° or more and 88 ° or less.

In step 2, the continuous wavy line is a sine curve, and the formula of the sine curve is y = A × sin × (ω × t + φ) + k;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

a is wind speed, and the value range of A is 0.5-4.5, and the unit is m/s;

omega is the wind supply frequency, the value range of omega is 6.28-18.84, and the unit is rad;

phi is an initial phase and has no unit;

k is constant flow wind speed, and the value range of k is 1.5-3.2, and the unit is m/s.

The utility model provides a terraced flow dry separation machine, its characterized in that, terraced flow dry separation machine includes dust excluding hood, distributing device, selects separately bed, air feed mechanism and vibrations mechanism, selects separately the bed and contains the bed case, and the dust excluding hood is located the top of bed case, contains at least one branch section in the bed case, and air feed mechanism can provide the wind of predetermineeing the waveform to selecting separately the bed, selects separately the bed and can shake in predetermineeing the angle under vibrations mechanism's effect, predetermine the waveform do time and the wind speed relation curve that the wind corresponds are continuous wave line.

The sorting section comprises an air distribution plate, a plurality of air vents are arranged in the air distribution plate, the aperture of each air vent is 2-6 mm, and the aperture ratio of the air distribution plate is 11-36%; along bed case pan feeding mouth to bed case bin outlet direction, the aperture of ventilation hole is the same or reduces gradually.

The bed box comprises a plurality of sorting sections, the bottom of each sorting section is provided with an air distribution plate, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the air distribution plate, the aperture of each vent hole is 2-6 mm, and the aperture ratio of each air distribution plate is 11-36%; along the direction from the bed box feeding port to the bed box discharging port, the aperture of the ventilation holes in the air distribution plates of the adjacent sorting sections is the same or gradually reduced, and the aperture ratio of the adjacent air distribution plates is the same or gradually reduced.

The preset angle is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than 88 degrees, the amplitude of the bed box is 3mm-6mm, the inclination angle of the bed surface of the bed box is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 22 degrees, the vibration mechanism is a vibration motor, and the rotation speed of the vibration motor is 275rpm-550 rpm.

The air supply mechanism comprises an air source, an air supply pipeline, a rotary air valve and an air chamber which are sequentially connected, the air chamber is correspondingly connected with the sorting section one by one, and the rotary air valve can output the preset waveform air.

The rotary air valve comprises a valve body, a rotary turning plate, a valve rod, a speed reducer and a driving motor, wherein the rotary turning plate, the valve rod, the speed reducer and the driving motor are sequentially connected, an inner flow channel is arranged in the valve body, the rotary turning plate is located in the inner flow channel, the driving motor and the speed reducer are located outside the valve body, the valve rod penetrates through the valve body, and the driving motor can drive the rotary turning plate to rotate by taking the.

The rotary turning plate is of a semi-elliptical structure, the two rotary turning plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the valve rod, the long axis of each rotary turning plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner flow channel, the rotary turning plate is provided with a plurality of air quantity metering holes, and when the rotary turning plate is perpendicular to the axis of the inner flow channel, the ventilation area of the rotary air valve is 6% -35% of the cross sectional area of the inner flow channel.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the multi-product material sorting method and the cascade dry separator realize the high-efficiency separation of coal and gangue, can divide raw coal products into two or three products meeting the indexes, and have great economic benefit.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the cascade dry separator of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the working state of the cascade dry separator of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a grid plate.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the rotary damper.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the rotary damper.

FIG. 6 is a time versus wind speed curve for the wind output by the rotary damper.

1. A dust hood; 2. a sorting bed; 3. a wind supply mechanism; 4. a vibration mechanism; 5. a dust removal system;

21. a bed box; 22. sorting the sections; 23. a wind distribution plate; 24. a bed box feed inlet; 25. a discharge port of the bed box; 26. a discharge outlet under the bed box;

31. an air chamber; 32. a source of wind; 33. an air supply duct; 34. rotating the air valve;

61. the lower layer of gangue; 62. upper coal layer;

221. a first sorting section; 222. a second sorting section; 223. a third sorting section;

231. a first air distribution plate; 232. a second air distribution plate; 233. a third air distribution plate; 234. a vent hole;

261. a first lower discharge port; 262. a second lower discharge port; 263. a third lower discharge port; 264. a partition plate;

311. a first air chamber; 312. a second air chamber; 313. a third air chamber;

341. a valve body; 342. a drive motor; 343. a speed reducer; 344. a valve stem; 345. rotating the turning plate; 346. an air quantity quantifying hole; 347. an inner flow passage.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

A multi-product material sorting method adopts a cascade dry separator, the cascade dry separator comprises a distributing device, a sorting bed 2, an air supply mechanism 3, a vibration mechanism 4 and a discharging mechanism, and the distributing device is used for conveying raw coal materials to be sorted into the sorting bed 2 at a preset speed; the sorting bed 2 is used for layering the raw coal materials to be sorted; the air supply mechanism 3 is used for supplying air with a preset waveform into the sorting bed 2; the vibration mechanism 4 is used for controlling the sorting bed 2 to vibrate within a preset angle; the discharging mechanism is used for discharging the layered raw coal materials and comprises a bed box lower discharging opening 26 and a bed box discharging opening 25;

the multi-product (raw coal) material sorting method comprises the following steps:

step 1, feeding the raw coal material to be sorted into a sorting bed 2 from the material distribution device;

step 2, the sorting bed 2 vibrates in a preset angle under the action of the vibration mechanism 4, the air supply mechanism 3 supplies wind with a preset waveform to the sorting bed 2, the raw coal material to be sorted moves in a parabolic shape under the vibration of the preset angle and the wind coupling action of the preset waveform, the raw coal material to be sorted in the sorting bed 2 is divided into a heavy density layer (such as a lower layer gangue 61) and a light density layer (such as an upper layer coal 62) according to different densities, and the preset waveform is that a time and wind speed relation curve corresponding to the wind is a continuous wave line, namely that a time and wind speed relation curve corresponding to the wind supplied by the air supply mechanism 3 to the sorting bed 2 is a continuous wave line;

step 3, the heavy density layer is discharged through a bed box lower discharge 26 and the light density layer is discharged from a bed box discharge 25, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.

In step 2, the preset angle α is an included angle between the vibration direction a of the sorting bed 2 and the bed surface of the sorting bed 2, and as shown in fig. 1, the preset angle α is greater than or equal to 45 ° and less than 88 °. In step 2, the continuous wavy line is a sine curve, and the formula of the sine curve is y = A × sin × (ω × t + φ) + k; wherein A is fluctuating wind speed, the value interval is 0.5-4.5m/s, the value is related to the bed layer property (porosity, density, granularity and bed layer thickness), and particularly the bed layer has the expansion degree of 1.2-1.5 within 0.1s under the wind speed; omega is the air supply frequency, 6.28-18.84rad is taken, k is the constant flow wind speed which is the maximum wind speed for ensuring that the bed material does not take off, the value range is 1.5-3.2m/s, phi is the initial phase and is related to the position where the wind valve is opened.

Introduce a terraced stream dry separation machine below, terraced stream dry separation machine includes dust excluding hood 1, distributing device, selects separately bed 2, air feed mechanism 3 and vibrations mechanism 4, selects separately bed 2 and contains bed case 21, and dust excluding hood 1 is located the top of bed case 21, contains at least one branch section 22 in the bed case 21, and air feed mechanism 3 can provide the wind of predetermineeing the waveform to selecting separately bed 2, selects separately bed 2 can be at the vibrations of predetermineeing the angle under the effect of vibrations mechanism 4, predetermine the waveform and do time and the wind speed relation curve that wind corresponds are continuous wave line, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2.

In this embodiment, the number of the sorting sections 22 in the bed box 21 may be determined as needed, and for example, the number may be one or more. When the bed box 21 comprises a separation section 22, the bottom of the separation section 22 is provided with an air distribution plate 23, a plurality of vent holes 234 are arranged in the air distribution plate 23, one end of the bed box 21 is provided with a bed box feeding opening 24, the other end of the bed box 21 is provided with a bed box discharging opening 25, and the aperture of the vent holes 234 is the same or gradually reduced along the direction from the bed box feeding opening 24 to the bed box discharging opening 25.

When bed case 21 contains a plurality of branch select sections 22, the bottom of bed case 21 also is equipped with a plurality of grid plates 23, and grid plate 23 is located the bottom of every branch select section 22, be equipped with a plurality of ventilation holes 234 in the grid plate 23, the one end of bed case 21 is equipped with bed case pan feeding mouth 24, and the other end of bed case 21 is equipped with bed case bin outlet 25, and along bed case pan feeding mouth 24 to bed case bin outlet 25 direction, the aperture of the ventilation hole 234 in the adjacent grid plate 23 is the same or reduces gradually, and the percent opening of area of adjacent grid plate 23 is the same or reduces gradually.

In this embodiment, the bed box 21 may contain more than two sorting stages, as shown in fig. 1-2, the bed box 21 includes three sorting stages 22 and three air distribution plates 23, the air supply mechanism 3 may contain three air chambers 31, the three sorting stages 22 are a first sorting stage 221, a second sorting stage 222 and a third sorting stage 223 in sequence along the direction from the bed box inlet 24 to the bed box outlet 25, the three air distribution plates 23 are a first air distribution plate 231, a second air distribution plate 232 and a third air distribution plate 233 in sequence, and the three air chambers 31 are a first air chamber 311, a second air chamber 312 and a third air chamber 313 in sequence. The three under-bed-box discharge ports 26 are a first under-discharge port 261, a second under-discharge port 262, and a third under-discharge port 263 in this order.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bed box inlet 24 is located at the left end of the bed box 21, the bed box outlet 25 is located at the right end of the bed box 21, the inlet is higher than the outlet, a first lower outlet 261 and a partition plate 264 are arranged between the first separation section 221 and the second separation section 222, a second lower outlet 262 and a partition plate 264 are arranged between the second separation section 222 and the third separation section 223, and a third lower outlet 263 is arranged between the third separation section 223 and the bed box outlet 25.

After the primary separation of the first separation section 221, pure waste rock with a certain thickness is formed at the bottom layer of the bed layer, the pure waste rock at the bottom layer is discharged through the first lower discharge port 261, a discharge wheel is arranged in the first lower discharge port 261, and the discharge thickness of the first separation section 221 can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the discharge wheel; the rest materials enter the second sorting section 222 for sorting, the overall material property of the second sorting section 222 is changed, the thickness of the material layer is slightly thinner than that of the first sorting section, and the wind resistance of the material layer is reduced, so that the wind supply parameters of the second sorting section 222 can be further optimized, the purposes of the fastest sorting speed and the best sorting index are achieved, and the purpose of sorting the third sorting section 223 is similar to that of the second sorting section 222. In addition, multi-section sorting can provide products with multiple indexes, and the product structure is better and flexible. Similarly, the second lower discharge port 262 and the third lower discharge port 263 are provided with discharge wheels, and the discharge thickness of the second separation section 222 and the third separation section 223 can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the discharge wheels. The rotating speeds of the discharging wheels of the three sorting sections can be independently controlled, and can be the same or different.

In this embodiment, the air distribution plate 23 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 234, the plurality of vent holes 234 form a perforated area, the perforated area is substantially rectangular, the aperture of the vent holes 234 is 2mm-6mm, the aperture is not larger than the lower limit of the feed particle size, the material to be sorted cannot fall into the air chamber through the vent holes 234, the aperture ratio of the vent holes 234 in the air distribution plate 23 (the vent holes 234) is 11% -36%, the aperture of the vent holes 234 of the air distribution plate 23 gradually decreases along the direction from the bed box feed port 24 to the bed box discharge port 25, and the aperture ratio of the air distribution plate 23 gradually decreases, as shown in fig. 3.

Specifically, the aperture of the vent 234 on the first air distribution plate 231 is larger than the aperture of the vent 234 on the second air distribution plate 232, and the aperture of the vent 234 on the second air distribution plate 232 is larger than the aperture of the vent 234 on the third air distribution plate 233. The aperture ratio of the first air distribution plate 231 is greater than that of the second air distribution plate 232, and the aperture ratio of the second air distribution plate 232 is greater than that of the third air distribution plate 233.

The air supply mechanism 3 can provide air flow to the air distribution plate 23, the air distribution plate 23 with multiple apertures is combined to uniformly distribute air, the material layer at the feeding end is thick, and the gangue can quickly sink and the clean coal can quickly float by using large air holes and high aperture ratio; the discharge end uses small wind holes and low aperture ratio, increases wind resistance, reduces wind speed, and makes part of gangue carried in clean coal sink to the bottom layer, so as to achieve the purpose of purer clean coal.

In the present embodiment, the vibration direction angle α (i.e., the predetermined angle) of the sorting bed 2 is greater than or equal to 45 ° and less than 88 °, for example, may be 60 °, the amplitude of the bed box 21 is 3mm to 6mm (e.g., 5 mm), the inclination angle β of the bed surface of the bed box 21 is greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 22 °, for example, 15 °, the bed box 21 is connected with the vibrating mechanism 4, the vibrating mechanism 4 is a vibrating motor, and the rotating speed of the vibrating motor is 275rpm to 550 rpm.

When the inclination angle beta of the bed surface is 22 degrees, the vibration direction angle alpha (namely the preset angle) is 88 degrees, the rotating speed of the vibration motor is 550rpm, and the amplitude is 6mm, the maximum vibration intensity of the computing equipment (namely the cascade dry separator) is calculated

Maximum material throwing index

1; when the inclination angle beta of the bed surface is 0 degrees, the vibration direction angle alpha is 45 degrees, the rotating speed of the vibration motor is 275rpm, and the amplitude is 3mm, the minimum vibration intensity of the computing equipment (namely the gradient flow dry separator)

Maximum material throwing index

Therefore, the variation range of the vibration intensity of the equipment is 1.01-2.19, which is smaller than the design of similar products, and under the vibration intensity, the equipment can be designed in a large scale and has higher safety performance.

The vibration direction angle alpha is 45-88 degrees, the throwing index change range of the material is 0.72-2.19, the material can be thrown and used on a bed surface and can also slide, under the vibration direction angle of 45-88 degrees, the vibration provides the power for advancing the material and plays a role of loosening a bed layer, under the parameter, the material layer has the bulk of 1.2-1.25, the gangue can sink to the bottom layer at the highest speed, and the clean coal can quickly float upwards, so the purpose of sorting is achieved. The thickness of the fluidized bed layer of the common winnowing equipment is between 110mm and 160mm, and the maximum fluidized bed layer of the granular coal gas screening and sorting machine can reach 350mm to 430 mm.

In the embodiment, the air supply mechanism 3 comprises an air source 32, an air supply pipeline 33, a rotary air valve 34 and an air chamber 31 which are connected in sequence, wherein the inlet end of the air supply pipeline 33 is connected with the air source 32, the outlet end of the air supply pipeline 33 is communicated with the inlet end of the rotary air valve 34, the inlet end of the air chamber 31 is communicated with the outlet end of the rotary air valve 34, and the outlet end of the air chamber 31 is connected with the sorting bed 2. The lower end of the dust hood 1 is connected with the upper end of the sorting bed 2, and the upper end of the dust hood 1 is externally connected with a dust removal system 5. The air supplied from the air source 32 can enter the bed box 21 through the air supply pipe 33, the rotary air valve 34, the air chamber 31 and the air distribution plate 23 in sequence.

In this embodiment, the rotary air valves 34 are connected to the air chambers 31 in a one-to-one correspondence, the air chambers 31 are connected to the sorting sections 22 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the rotary air valves 34 can output the air of the preset waveform (i.e., a continuous wavy line shape), as shown in fig. 6. The rotary air valve 34 comprises a valve body 341, and a rotary flap 345, a valve rod 344, a speed reducer 343 and a driving motor 342 which are connected in sequence, wherein the valve body 341 comprises an inner flow channel 347, the rotary flap 345 is located in the inner flow channel 347, the driving motor 342 and the speed reducer 343 are both located outside the valve body 341, the valve rod 344 passes through the valve body 341, and the driving motor 342 can drive the rotary flap 345 to rotate around the valve rod 344 as a shaft, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.

The rotary air valve 34 can realize rapid fluctuation of wind speed with low cost, and can change the fluctuation period and wave height of the wind speed to assist the winnowing machine to adapt to the change of coal quality and provide fluctuation wind with optimum separation all the time. In addition, due to the requirement on the loose bed layer, the fluctuating wind generally has the requirement of the lowest wind rate, namely the minimum value of a required wind rate curve is more than 0, and the value can be adjusted according to the change of the coal quality and the coal adding quantity.

In this embodiment, the turning plate 345 is a semi-elliptical steel plate, the two turning plates 345 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the valve rod 344, the axis of the valve rod 344 intersects and is perpendicular to the axis of the inner flow channel 347, the long axis of the turning plate 345 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner flow channel 347, and the turning plate 345 is provided with a plurality of air volume quantifying holes 346. When the rotary flap 345 is perpendicular to the axis of the inner flow passage 347, the ventilation area of the rotary air valve 34 is 6-35% of the cross-sectional area of the inner flow passage 347.

The rotary turnover plate 345 is symmetrically connected to the valve rod 344 through a bolt and a clamping plate, so that the disassembly and the replacement are convenient. The valve rod 344 can rotate 360 degrees, and the air quantity pulsates for a complete period due to the change of the ventilation area of the inner flow channel 347 when the valve rod 344 rotates once. The long axis of the rotating flap 345 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner flow passage 347 to reduce rotational resistance and wear. When the rotating flap 345 is in a closed state (the rotating flap 345 is completely vertical to the axis of the inner flow channel 347), the air can pass through a gap reserved between the rotating flap 345 and the valve body 341 and the air quantity metering holes 346 on the rotating flap 345, the state is the state that the ventilation area of the rotating air valve 34 is minimum, and the minimum air quantity regulation can be realized by using the number of the sealed metering holes.

After the required sine or cosine curve is calculated by the cascade dry separation machine, the model of the blower (air source 32) and the diameter of the air supply pipeline 33 (the two determine the maximum air volume of the curve) need to be determined firstly, the diameter of the valve body 341 is selected according to the pipe diameter after the selection, and the rotary turning plate 345 is processed according to the minimum air volume requirement. The rotating speed of the driving motor 342 is adjusted through the frequency converter, so that the rotating speed of the valve rod 344 is matched with the air volume pulsation period, and thus, the period length, the minimum value and the maximum value of one air volume curve are determined. If the maximum value needs to be adjusted, the maximum value can be realized by adjusting the frequency of a blower motor or the opening degree of a blower outlet gate valve, if the period needs to be adjusted, the maximum value can be realized by adjusting the frequency of a driving motor 342, and if the minimum value needs to be adjusted, the minimum value can be realized by opening or closing an air quantity quantifying hole 346 on a rotating turnover plate 345.

The rotary air valve 34 can provide adjustable fluctuation air required by the winnowing machine for separating coal with specific size fractions, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient parameter adjustment. If the device is combined with an air blower, a common gate valve, a detection device and a control system, the device can automatically adjust the fluctuating air parameters in real time according to the feedback data of the detection device, and achieve a more accurate sorting effect. The rotary air valve body has no limit, the valve rod can rotate for 360 degrees, a gap is reserved between the turning plate and the valve body in the closed state, the friction resistance is avoided, the rotating speed is high, and the turning plate is not easy to wear.

The relationship curve of the time and the wind speed corresponding to the wind output by the rotary air valve 34 is a required sine curve or cosine curve. The above specific values of a, ω, Φ, and k can be obtained by precisely designing the size, number, and shape of the inner flow passage 347, the rotating flap 345, and the air quantitative holes 346, so that the values coincide with the desired values. Specific implementations can be obtained by theoretical calculations combined with a limited number of experiments, or by simulation calculations performed by computer software (e.g. EDEM).

The operation of the cascade dry separator is described below.

Coal materials to be sorted enter the bed box 21 from the bed box feeding port 24, air with certain pressure is provided by the air source 32, the wind speed curve and the fluctuation range of the wind speed are controlled by the rotary air valve 34, the air is uniformly distributed by the air distribution plate 23, and then the coal materials uniformly penetrate through the material layer and then enter the dust removal system 5.

The vibration source (namely the vibration mechanism 4) provides an exciting force with a certain direction periodic variation, so that the material on the bed surface moves along a certain direction, and simultaneously moves in a periodic reciprocating motion of the material layer, in the process of the reciprocating motion, a heavy product (gangue) in the material sinks to the bottom layer to form a lower layer gangue 61 which is discharged along with the discharging device, and a light product floats to the top layer to form an upper layer coal 62 which is discharged in an overflowing manner.

Specifically, after the materials are primarily sorted by the first sorting section 221, gangue sorted at the bottom layer is discharged from the first lower discharge port 261, other materials overflow into the second sorting section 222 for sorting again, sorted bottom gangue is discharged from the second lower discharge port 262, other materials overflow into the third sorting section 223 for sorting again, sorted bottom gangue is discharged from the third lower discharge port 263, and finally, a product meeting the index is discharged from the bed box discharge port 25.

The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features and the technical schemes, and the technical schemes can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A multi-product material sorting method is characterized in that a cascade dry separator is adopted, and the cascade dry separator comprises:

the distributing device is used for conveying the raw coal materials to be sorted to the sorting bed (2) at a preset speed;

the sorting bed (2) is used for layering the raw coal materials to be sorted;

the air supply mechanism (3) is used for supplying air with preset waveforms to the sorting bed (2);

the vibration mechanism (4) is used for controlling the sorting bed (2) to vibrate within a preset angle;

the discharging mechanism is used for discharging the layered raw coal materials and comprises a bed box lower discharging opening (26) and a bed box discharging opening (25);

the multi-product material sorting method comprises the following steps:

step 1, feeding the raw coal material to be sorted into a sorting bed (2) from the material distribution device;

step 2, vibrating the sorting bed (2) within a preset angle under the action of a vibrating mechanism (4), providing wind with a preset waveform to the sorting bed (2) by an air supply mechanism (3), wherein the preset waveform is a continuous wave line of a time and wind speed relation curve corresponding to the wind, and dividing the raw coal material to be sorted into a light density layer and a heavy density layer according to density;

and 3, discharging the heavy density layer through a bed box lower discharge port (26), and discharging the light density layer through a bed box discharge port (25).

2. The multi-product material sorting method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the preset angle is 45 ° or more and 88 ° or less.

3. The multi-product material sorting method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the continuous wavy line is a sinusoidal curve having a formula of y = a × sin x (ω × t + Φ) + k;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

a is wind speed, and the value range of A is 0.5-4.5, and the unit is m/s;

phi is an initial phase and has no unit;

4. The utility model provides a terraced flow dry separation machine, a serial communication port, terraced flow dry separation machine includes dust excluding hood (1), distributing device, sorting bed (2), air feed mechanism (3) and vibrations mechanism (4), and sorting bed (2) contain bed case (21), and dust excluding hood (1) is located the top of bed case (21), contains at least one sorting section (22) in bed case (21), and air feed mechanism (3) can provide the wind of predetermineeing the waveform to sorting bed (2), and sorting bed (2) can be in predetermineeing the vibrations in the angle under the effect of vibrations mechanism (4), predetermine the waveform and do time and the wind speed relation curve that the wind corresponds are continuous wave line.

5. The cascade dry separator according to claim 4, wherein the sorting section (22) comprises an air distribution plate (23), a plurality of vent holes (234) are arranged in the air distribution plate (23), the aperture of the vent holes (234) is 2mm-6mm, and the aperture ratio of the air distribution plate (23) is 11% -36%; the aperture of the vent hole (234) is the same or gradually reduced along the direction from the bed box feeding port (24) to the bed box discharging port (25).

6. The cascade dry separator according to claim 4, wherein the bed box (21) comprises a plurality of sorting sections (22), an air distribution plate (23) is arranged at the bottom of each sorting section (22), a plurality of vent holes (234) are arranged in the air distribution plate (23), the aperture of each vent hole (234) is greater than or equal to 2mm and smaller than the lower limit of the particle size of the material to be sorted, and the aperture ratio of each air distribution plate (23) is 11-36%; along the direction from the bed box feeding port (24) to the bed box discharging port (25), the aperture of the vent holes (234) in the air distribution plates (23) of the adjacent sorting sections is the same or gradually reduced, and the aperture ratio of the adjacent air distribution plates (23) is the same or gradually reduced.

7. The cascade dry separator according to claim 4, wherein the preset angle is greater than or equal to 45 and less than 88 degrees, the amplitude of the bed box (21) is 3mm to 6mm, the inclination angle of the bed surface of the bed box (21) is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 22 degrees, the vibrating mechanism (4) is a vibrating motor, and the rotating speed of the vibrating motor is 275rpm to 550 rpm.

8. The cascade dry separator according to claim 4, wherein the air supply mechanism (3) comprises an air source (32), an air supply pipeline (33), a rotary air valve (34) and an air chamber (31) which are connected in sequence, the air chamber (31) is correspondingly connected with the sorting section (22) one by one, and the rotary air valve (34) can output the air with the preset waveform.

9. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 8, wherein the rotary air valve (34) comprises a valve body (341) and a rotary flap (345), a valve rod (344), a speed reducer (343) and a driving motor (342) which are connected in sequence, an inner flow channel (347) is formed in the valve body (341), the rotary flap (345) is located in the inner flow channel (347), the driving motor (342) and the speed reducer (343) are located outside the valve body (341), the valve rod (344) penetrates through the valve body (341), and the driving motor (342) can drive the rotary flap (345) to rotate around the valve rod (344).

10. The flow ladder dry separation machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the rotary flap (345) is a semi-elliptical structure, two rotary flaps (345) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the valve rod (344), the long axis of the rotary flap (345) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner flow channel (347), a plurality of air volume quantifying holes (346) are arranged on the rotary flap (345), and when the rotary flap (345) is perpendicular to the axis of the inner flow channel (347), the ventilation area of the rotary air valve (34) is 6-35% of the cross-sectional area of the inner flow channel (347).