CN112089402A

CN112089402A - Early senile dementia prediction method based on retronasal olfaction test

Info

Publication number: CN112089402A
Application number: CN202010997367.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宁玉萍; 陈贲; 钟笑梅; 侯乐; 王强; 张敏; 杨铭枫; 张斯�; 刘美玲
Original assignee: Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
Current assignee: Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
Priority date: 2020-09-21
Filing date: 2020-09-21
Publication date: 2020-12-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-21
Also published as: CN112089402B

Abstract

The invention discloses an early senile dementia prediction method based on retronasal olfaction test, which comprises the following technical steps: a worker wears a pair of odorless gloves to hold the smelling pen in a hand and opens a pen cap; then the odor diversion tube is inserted into the mouth of the patient, and the mouth of the patient is contacted with the soft suction-assisting rubber sleeve at one end of the odor diversion tube; later open the smell honeycomb duct again, the smell flows from the smell honeycomb duct, meanwhile, the suggestion patient breathes in, the patient will hold the nose between fingers, and loosen the nose after breathing in, let the air current flow from the oral cavity to the nose, prevent at the inspiratory in-process, impurity in the air gets into from the nostril, avoid causing unnecessary influence to the test, avoided test gas and the more contact of air, can avoid the pollution of impurity in the air, bacterium, and then guarantee its test accuracy nature, improve test work quality. The test included 20 smells, each stored in 20 sniff pens. A score of 20 was normal at a score of not less than 12, and a score of <12 indicated the risk of dementia.

Description

Early senile dementia prediction method based on retronasal olfaction test

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of senile dementia prevention, in particular to an early senile dementia prediction method based on a retronasal olfaction test.

Background

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is commonly called senile dementia, and is the most common degenerative disease of the nervous system, and dysmnesia is the most common manifestation, and with the progress of the disease, symptoms such as language disorder, easy getting lost, large mood fluctuation, incapacity of mobility, incapacity of self-care and the like usually appear; more and more studies show that there are many links between the sense of smell and the health of the brain, and impaired Olfactory Identification (OI) can be an economic, time-saving, simple, non-invasive marker for early screening of patients at risk of AD, as the sense of smell has many associations with cognition. The review of Nature journal in 2019 indicates that in the course of AD, olfactory impairment may be parallel to the development of tau protein and far before clinical symptoms; in addition, olfactory recognition can predict the decline of cognitive function and the conversion of normal persons into MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and AD, and thus has a great significance for the prevention of senile dementia by olfactory perception in the prior art.

In the prior art, in the olfactory test process, a sniffing pen (Sniffin Sticks) is usually used for testing, the sniffing pen is required to be arranged within 2 cm in front of the nostril of a patient and requires the patient to inhale, the time for each test is three to four seconds, and when the single-side test is carried out, the patient is required to press the front end of the nostril at the opposite side by the thumb; this avoids the effect of cartilage deformation on the closed nostril, which has the following disadvantages and drawbacks:

(1) in the prior art, the sniffing pen is usually placed in front of the nose for detection, and the nose smell is easily affected by air pollution, bacterial and viral infection, toxic substances and the like, so that the accuracy of a test result is low;

(2) when the pen cap is used for testing, the odor is usually removed, and the odor flows out, when a person inhales, the odor is contacted with the air before the air, and bacteria or impurities in the air can influence the odor, so that the testing result is influenced;

(3) in the prior art, the test work is usually carried out through nose sense, which has great influence on the test result of the test work and brings inconvenience to the work;

therefore, the invention provides an early senile dementia prediction method based on a retronasal olfaction test, which is used for solving the problems, and is used for achieving the purposes of not being interfered by factors such as external pollution and the like, reflecting brain functions more accurately, ensuring test accuracy and improving test working quality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an early senile dementia prediction method based on a retronasal olfaction test, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an early senile dementia prediction method based on a retronasal olfaction test comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: a worker wears a pair of odorless gloves to hold the smelling pen in a hand and opens a pen cap;

step two: then the odor diversion tube is inserted into the mouth of the patient, and the mouth of the patient is contacted with the soft suction-assisting rubber sleeve at one end of the odor diversion tube;

step three: then opening the smell guide pipe, wherein the smell flows out of the smell guide pipe, prompting the patient to inhale, pinching the nose by the patient, loosening the nose after inhaling, and allowing the airflow to flow out from the oral cavity to the nose, so that impurities in the air are prevented from entering the nostrils in the inhaling process, unnecessary influence on the test is avoided, and the test duration is one to two seconds;

step four: after the patient inhales the smell, prompting the patient to loosen the nostrils to enable the inhaled smell to flow out of the nostrils, and distinguishing the smell through the retronasal smell of the patient in the process so as to achieve the purpose of retronasal smell test;

step five: then, the patient can be prompted to open the mouth, the smell guide pipe is moved out of the mouth of the patient, namely, the nasal olfaction test work is completed, and when the next test work is needed, the suction assisting rubber soft sleeve sleeved on the smell guide pipe needs to be pulled out and replaced, so that the sanitation and safety of the test work are ensured.

Step six: 20 kinds of smells are detected by 20 smelling pens respectively, which comprises the following steps: pepper, anise, mint, coffee, chicken, beef, milk, ginger, banana, strawberry, onion, pineapple, vanilla, chrysanthemum, green tea, chocolate, peanut, soy sauce and garlic. The test for each odor was repeated from step one to five. The test included 20 smells, each stored in 20 sniff pens. A score of 20 was normal at a score of not less than 12, and a score of <12 indicated the risk of dementia.

Preferably, the smelling pen comprises a smelling pen main body, a pen cap and a smell guide pipe, the smelling pen main body is provided with the pen cap through threaded connection, the smell guide pipe is arranged at one end of the smelling pen main body, a rubber soft sleeve helpful for absorbing is sleeved outside an outlet of the smell guide pipe, a convex block is arranged on the outer side wall of the smell guide pipe, a fixed block is arranged on the outer side wall of the smelling pen main body, a first movable block is movably arranged in the fixed block, a first reset spring is connected and arranged at one end of the first movable block, a first extrusion chute is arranged at one side of the first movable block, a movable clamping column is movably arranged in the first movable block, an extrusion spring is arranged at one end of the movable clamping column, a first inserting column is movably arranged at one side of the fixed block, a second inserting column is arranged at one end of the first inserting column, a second reset spring is arranged at the same end of the first inserting column as, the activity is provided with the transmission extrusion piece in the fixed block, and the one end activity of transmission extrusion piece sets up in first extrusion chute, the other end activity sets up in second extrusion chute to the bilateral symmetry of transmission extrusion piece is provided with spacing piece, is provided with third reset spring on the spacing piece, second extrusion chute sets up on the second movable block, the activity of second movable block sets up in the fixed block to the avris that the one end of second movable block was provided with fourth reset spring, the other end is provided with the connecting plate, the other end of connecting plate is provided with sealed piece to the connecting plate activity sets up in the lug.

Preferably, the soft rubber sleeve for assisting suction is disposable, and the purpose of setting is to ensure the safety and sanitation of the test work on one hand and to help the patient to inhale.

Preferably, the second inserting column corresponds to the arrangement position of the movable clamping column, and the arrangement diameters of the second inserting column and the movable clamping column are equal.

Preferably, the width of the sealing block is larger than the inner diameter of the odor guide pipe, one end of the sealing block is semicircular, and a sealing rubber pad is adhered to the edge side of the sealing block.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the prediction method for testing the senile dementia by the sense of smell mainly avoids the traditional nose front sense test method, when a patient is subjected to a nose back sense test work, on one hand, the contact between test gas and air is avoided in the test process, the pollution of impurities and bacteria in the air can be avoided, the test accuracy is further ensured, and the test work quality is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a left side schematic view of a connection structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side schematic view of a connection structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic left side view of the odor nozzle with a partially cut-away view of the connection structure inside the bump and the fixing block according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the odor nozzle with the bump and the internal connection structure of the fixing block in partial section according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the connection structure shown in fig. 3 according to the present invention.

In the figure: the smelling pen comprises a smelling pen body 1, a pen cap 2, a smell guide pipe 3, a convex block 4, a fixed block 5, a first movable block 6, a first extrusion chute 7, a movable clamping column 8, a first insertion column 9, a second insertion column 10, a transmission extrusion sheet 11, a second movable block 12, a second extrusion chute 13, a connecting plate 14, a sealing block 15 and an absorption assisting rubber soft sleeve (16).

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work, belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a technical solution: an early senile dementia prediction method based on a retronasal olfaction test comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: a worker wears a pair of odorless gloves to hold the smelling pen in a hand and opens the pen cap 2;

step two: then the odor diversion tube 3 is inserted into the mouth of the patient, and the mouth of the patient is contacted with the suction-assisting rubber soft sleeve 16 at one end of the odor diversion tube 3;

step three: then the smell guide pipe 3 is opened, the smell flows out of the smell guide pipe 3, meanwhile, the patient is prompted to inhale, the nose of the patient needs to be pinched, and the nose needs to be loosened after the inhalation, so that the air flow flows out from the oral cavity to the nose, the impurities in the air are prevented from entering the nostrils in the inhalation process, the unnecessary influence on the test is avoided, and the test duration is one to two seconds;

step five: then, the patient can be prompted to open the mouth, the smell guide pipe 3 is moved out of the mouth of the patient, namely, the nasal olfaction test work is completed, and when the next test work is needed, the suction assisting rubber soft sleeve 16 sleeved on the smell guide pipe 3 needs to be pulled out and replaced, so that the sanitation and safety of the test work are ensured.

Further, the smelling pen comprises a smelling pen body 1, a pen cap 2 and a smell guide pipe 3, the smelling pen body 1 is provided with the pen cap 2 through threaded connection, one end of the smelling pen body 1 is provided with the smell guide pipe 3, the outer side of the outlet of the smell guide pipe 3 is sleeved with a rubber soft sleeve 16 which is helpful for absorbing smell, the outer side wall of the smell guide pipe 3 is provided with a convex block 4, the outer side wall of the smelling pen body 1 is provided with a fixed block 5, the fixed block 5 is movably provided with a first movable block 6, one end of the first movable block 6 is connected with a first reset spring, one side of the first movable block 6 is provided with a first extrusion chute 7, the first movable block 6 is movably provided with a movable clamping column 8, one end of the movable clamping column 8 is provided with an extrusion spring, one side of the fixed block 5 is movably provided with a first insertion column 9, one end of the first insertion column 9 is provided with a second insertion column 10, the first insertion column 9 is connected with a second reset spring, the activity is provided with transmission extrusion piece 11 in fixed block 5, the one end activity of transmission extrusion piece 11 sets up in first extrusion chute 7, the other end activity sets up in second extrusion chute 13, and the bilateral symmetry of transmission extrusion piece 11 is provided with spacing piece, be provided with third reset spring on the spacing piece, second extrusion chute 13 sets up on second movable block 12, the activity of second movable block 12 sets up in fixed block 5, and the one end of second movable block 12 is provided with fourth reset spring, the avris of the other end is provided with connecting plate 14, the other end of connecting plate 14 is provided with sealed piece 15, and the activity of connecting plate 14 sets up in lug 4.

Furthermore, the soft rubber sleeve 16 for assisting suction is disposable, and the purpose of the arrangement is to ensure the safety and sanitation of the test work on one hand and to help the patient to perform the suction work on the other hand.

Further, the second plug-in post 10 corresponds to the position of the movable clip post 8, and the diameters of the two sets are equal.

Further, the width of the sealing block 15 is larger than the inner diameter of the odor guide tube 3, one end of the sealing block 15 is semicircular, and a sealing rubber pad is adhered to the side of the sealing block.

The working principle is as follows: when the test is carried out, a worker wears a pair of odorless gloves to hold the smelling pen in a hand, opens the pen cap 2, inserts the odor guide pipe 3 into the mouth of a patient, enables the mouth of the patient to be in contact with the soft suction-assisting rubber sleeve 16 at one end of the odor guide pipe 3, enables the soft suction-assisting rubber sleeve 16 to be disposable, and aims to ensure the safety and the sanitation of the test on one hand and help the patient to inhale air on the other hand, namely, can prevent air from entering the mouth from the gap between the mouth and the odor guide pipe 3 when the patient inhales air, then presses the first movable block 6, the first extrusion chute 7 on the first movable block 6 extrudes the transmission extrusion sheet 11, and then the other end of the transmission extrusion sheet 11 extrudes the second extrusion chute 13 to enable the second movable block 12 to move so as to drive the connecting plate 14 and the sealing block 15 at the other end of the connecting plate 14 to move, the sealing block 15 is enabled to remove the blocking of the smell guide tube 3, meanwhile, the movable clamping column 8 arranged in the first movable block 6 reaches the position of the second inserting column 10, the movable clamping column 8 is clamped in the fixed block 5 under the action of the extrusion spring, after the smell guide tube 3 is opened, the smell can flow out of the smell guide tube 3, meanwhile, the patient is prompted to inhale the air, the patient pinches the nose to enable the inhaled smell to flow out of the nostrils, and in the process, the smell can be distinguished through the retronasal smell of the patient, so that the purpose of retronasal smell test is achieved; then can indicate the patient to open the mouth, move out smell honeycomb duct 3 from the patient mouth, the smell test work behind the nose is accomplished promptly, after the test work is accomplished, directly press first post 9 of inserting, first post 9 of inserting pushes second and inserts post 10 and extrude activity card post 8 to first movable block 6 in, and then makes sealed block 15 carry out the shutoff with smell honeycomb duct 3.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An early senile dementia prediction method based on a retronasal olfaction test is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: a worker wears a pair of odorless gloves to hold the smelling pen in a hand and opens the pen cap (2);

step two: then the odor diversion tube (3) is inserted into the mouth of the patient, and the mouth of the patient is contacted with the suction-assisting rubber soft sleeve (16) at one end of the odor diversion tube (3);

step three: then the odor guide tube (3) is opened, odor flows out from the odor guide tube (3), meanwhile, the patient is prompted to inhale, the patient holds the nose, and the nose is loosened after inhaling, so that the airflow flows out from the oral cavity to the nose, impurities in the air are prevented from entering nostrils in the inhaling process, unnecessary influence on the test is avoided, and the test duration is one to two seconds;

step five: then, the patient can be prompted to open the mouth, the smell guide pipe (3) is moved out of the mouth of the patient, namely, the nasal olfaction test work is completed, and when the next test work is needed, the suction assisting rubber soft sleeve (16) sleeved on the smell guide pipe (3) needs to be pulled out and replaced, so that the sanitation and safety of the test work are ensured.

2. The method for the early prediction of senile dementia based on the retronasal olfaction test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the smelling pen comprises a smelling pen main body (1), a pen cap (2) and a smell guide pipe (3), wherein the smelling pen main body (1) is provided with the pen cap (2) through threaded connection, one end of the smelling pen main body (1) is provided with the smell guide pipe (3), the outlet outer side of the smell guide pipe (3) is sleeved with a sucking-assisting rubber soft sleeve (16), the outer side wall of the smell guide pipe (3) is provided with a convex block (4), the outer side wall of the smelling pen main body (1) is provided with a fixed block (5), a first movable block (6) is movably arranged in the fixed block (5), one end of the first movable block (6) is connected with a first reset spring, one side of the first movable block (6) is provided with a first extrusion chute (7), a movable clamping column (8) is movably arranged in the first movable block (6), and one end of the movable clamping column (8) is provided with an extrusion spring, one side activity of fixed block (5) is provided with first post (9) of inserting, the one end of first post (9) of inserting is provided with the second and inserts post (10), first post (9) of inserting is inserted the same end connection with post (10) with the second and is provided with second reset spring, the activity is provided with transmission extrusion piece (11) in fixed block (5), the one end activity of transmission extrusion piece (11) sets up in first extrusion chute (7), the other end activity sets up in second extrusion chute (13), and the bilateral symmetry of transmission extrusion piece (11) is provided with spacing piece, is provided with third reset spring on the spacing piece, second extrusion chute (13) sets up on second movable block (12), second movable block (12) activity sets up in fixed block (5), and the one end of second movable block (12) is provided with fourth reset spring, the avris of the other end is provided with connecting plate (14), the other end of the connecting plate (14) is provided with a sealing block (15), and the connecting plate (14) is movably arranged in the convex block (4).

3. The method for the early prediction of senile dementia based on the retronasal olfaction test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soft rubber sleeve (16) for assisting suction is disposable, and the purpose of setting is to ensure the safety and sanitation of the test work on one hand and to help the patient to inhale.

4. The method for the early prediction of senile dementia based on the retronasal olfaction test as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the second inserting column (10) corresponds to the movable clamping column (8) in arrangement position, and the diameters of the second inserting column and the movable clamping column are equal.

5. The method for the early prediction of senile dementia based on the retronasal olfaction test as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the width of the sealing block (15) is larger than the inner diameter of the odor guide pipe (3), one end of the sealing block (15) is semicircular, and a sealing rubber pad is arranged on the side of the sealing block in a bonding mode.