CN112082923B - Method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing smoking easiness of cigarettes - Google Patents
Method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing smoking easiness of cigarettes Download PDFInfo
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001157 Fourier transform infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000021063 Respiratory fume inhalation disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing smoking easiness of cigarettes, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco manufacturing. Firstly, randomly extracting equal number of cigarette cigarettes from each cigarette sample, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and balancing; under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking circulation simulator, recording dynamic smoking resistance data of each smoking under an ISO smoking mode, detecting the smoke quantity of each smoking of a cigarette sample, carrying out standardized processing on the detected dynamic smoking resistance data and the smoke quantity data, and finally calculating and representing the smoking easiness of the cigarette by adopting the ratio of the smoke quantity of three mouths before smoking of the cigarette to the dynamic smoking resistance. The invention provides an accurate and scientific method for detecting and evaluating the smoking easiness of the cigarettes, and has practical guiding significance on the aspects of evaluating the smoking quality of the cigarettes and improving the smoking quality of the cigarettes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing smoking easiness of cigarettes.
Background
The smoking easiness of the cigarette is the smoking easiness degree felt by a consumer in the smoking process of the cigarette, and is an important index for measuring the smoking quality of the cigarette. In general, cigarettes that are easy to smoke are often easier to meet consumer needs. At present, no quantitative detection method for the smoking easiness of cigarettes exists in the tobacco industry, the evaluation of the smoking easiness of cigarettes is still limited to sensory evaluation of cigarette evaluation staff, the evaluation result is greatly influenced by subjective factors of the evaluation staff, and accurate and quantitative characterization cannot be realized.
The Chinese patent application (CN 201310012780.7) discloses a method for measuring the smoking looseness of cigarettes, which is technically characterized in that the smoking looseness of the cigarettes is defined by the effective smoke inhalation amount under certain smoking pressure and smoking time of the cigarettes. The specific method is characterized by the suction vacuum degree before the cigarette is smoked, and the effective smoke inhalation quantity is characterized by the signal intensity of Gram-Schmidt spectrum measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) method. Other documents are not reported.
The method for detecting the smoking softness of the cigarettes mainly has the following defects: the method is realized by setting fixed suction pressure and time through instruments and equipment, and detection conditions (suction pressure, time and the like) completely depend on the settings of the instruments, so that the actual dynamic suction state of a consumer cannot be simulated, the dynamic suction looseness of the cigarette in the suction process cannot be truly reflected, and quantitative characterization cannot be realized by accurate measurement. Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the prior art is a problem which needs to be solved in the technical field of tobacco manufacturing at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a method capable of accurately detecting and quantitatively representing the smoking easiness of cigarettes.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for accurately detecting and quantifying and characterizing smoking relaxation of cigarettes, comprising the steps of:
Step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly extracting cigarette cigarettes of which the number is not less than 30 from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and balancing;
Step (2), detecting dynamic suction resistance of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking circulation simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic smoking resistance data of each port of smoking under an ISO (International electrotechnical System) smoking mode;
Step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by adopting a smoking circulation simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke amount of each smoke of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
Step (4), data standardization processing: carrying out standardization processing on the detected dynamic suction resistance data and the smoke quantity data to obtain dynamic suction resistance standardization data and smoke quantity standardization data;
Step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking easiness of the cigarettes: the ratio of the smoke quantity and the dynamic suction resistance of three smoke before the cigarette suction is adopted to represent the light feeling of the cigarette suction, namely: cigarette smoking ease characteristic value = three smoke amount normalized data average before cigarette smoking/three dynamic smoke resistance normalized data average before cigarette smoking.
Further, in the step (1), it is preferable that the cigarette selection control quality deviation is required to be ±20 mg and the suction resistance deviation is required to be ±200 Pa.
Further, preferably, in the step (1), the specific method of balancing is: the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22.+ -. 2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60.+ -. 5%.
Further, it is preferred that in step (2), the air flow through the tip of the filter at each suction is 17.5 ml/s.
Further, in the step (2) and the step (3), it is preferable that the cigarette samples of the same variety are selected to be simultaneously detected on the same model of smoking cycle simulator when the cigarette samples are dynamically detected in terms of resistance and smoke amount.
Further, preferably, in the step (4), the specific method of the normalization treatment is as follows: the average value of the detection data of the cigarette samples of the variety is calculated first, and then all the detection data are divided by the average value of the detection data.
Further, preferably, in the step (4), the specific method of the normalization treatment is as follows: the data were normalized using the min-max dispersion normalization method.
Further, preferably, in the step (5), according to the calculation result of the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value, the larger the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value is, the better the cigarette smoking easiness is, and the quantized evaluation of the cigarette smoking easiness is realized by detecting and analyzing the three before-smoking easiness characteristic values of the cigarette.
The method is preferable to randomly extract not less than 30 cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, select the cigarettes after removing the cigarettes with obvious defects, require the cigarette selection control quality deviation to be +/-20 mg and the smoking resistance deviation to be +/-200 Pa, and then balance the selected cigarettes. When the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value is finally calculated, the average value of the three smoke quantity standardized data before smoking of the cigarette is the average value of all three smoke quantity standardized data before smoking of the selected cigarette; the average value of the three dynamic suction resistance standardized data before cigarette smoking is also the average value of all three dynamic suction resistance standardized data before cigarette smoking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, provides a method for scientifically, accurately and quantitatively detecting and characterizing the smoking easiness of cigarettes, and has great practical value in the aspects of realizing the accurate detection of the smoking easiness of cigarette products, optimizing the smoking quality of cigarettes, guiding the research and development of the cigarette products and improving the quality.
In addition, the detection method of the smoking easiness of the cigarettes established by the invention can also be used for detecting the smoking easiness of the cigarettes and the like by using electronic cigarettes, heating non-burning cigarettes and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific techniques or conditions are not identified in the examples and are performed according to techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are conventional products available from commercial sources, not identified to the manufacturer.
Instrument model and manufacturer: simulated circulation smoking machine (SCS) and DMS 500 fast particle size spectrometer (company Cambustion, uk);
example 1
A method for accurately detecting and quantifying and characterizing smoking relaxation of cigarettes, comprising the steps of:
Step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly extracting 40 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and balancing;
Step (2), detecting dynamic suction resistance of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking circulation simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic smoking resistance data of each port of smoking under an ISO (International electrotechnical System) smoking mode;
Step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by adopting a smoking circulation simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke amount of each smoke of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
Step (4), data standardization processing: carrying out standardization processing on the detected dynamic suction resistance data and the smoke quantity data to obtain dynamic suction resistance standardization data and smoke quantity standardization data;
Step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking easiness of the cigarettes: the ratio of the smoke quantity and the dynamic suction resistance of three smoke before the cigarette suction is adopted to represent the light feeling of the cigarette suction, namely: cigarette smoking ease characteristic value = three smoke amount normalized data average before cigarette smoking/three dynamic smoke resistance normalized data average before cigarette smoking.
Example 2
A method for accurately detecting and quantifying and characterizing smoking relaxation of cigarettes, comprising the steps of:
step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly extracting 30 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and balancing;
Step (2), detecting dynamic suction resistance of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking circulation simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic smoking resistance data of each port of smoking under an ISO (International electrotechnical System) smoking mode;
Step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by adopting a smoking circulation simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke amount of each smoke of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
Step (4), data standardization processing: carrying out standardization processing on the detected dynamic suction resistance data and the smoke quantity data to obtain dynamic suction resistance standardization data and smoke quantity standardization data;
Step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking easiness of the cigarettes: the ratio of the smoke quantity and the dynamic suction resistance of three smoke before the cigarette suction is adopted to represent the light feeling of the cigarette suction, namely: cigarette smoking ease characteristic value = three smoke amount normalized data average before cigarette smoking/three dynamic smoke resistance normalized data average before cigarette smoking.
In the step (1), the quality deviation of cigarette selection control is required to be +/-20 mg, and the suction resistance deviation is required to be +/-200 Pa; the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22.+ -. 2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60.+ -. 5%.
In step (2), the air flow through the end of the filter at each suction was 17.5 ml/s.
In the step (2) and the step (3), when the dynamic smoke resistance of the cigarette samples is detected and the smoke quantity is detected, the cigarette samples of the same variety are selected to be detected on the same model of smoking cycle simulator at the same time.
In the step (4), the specific method of the standardized treatment is as follows: the average value of the detection data of the cigarette samples of the variety is calculated first, and then all the detection data are divided by the average value of the detection data.
In the step (5), according to the calculation result of the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value, the larger the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value is, the better the cigarette smoking easiness is, and the quantitative evaluation of the cigarette smoking easiness is realized by detecting and analyzing the three before-smoking easiness characteristic values of the cigarette.
Example 3
A method for accurately detecting and quantifying and characterizing smoking relaxation of cigarettes, comprising the steps of:
Step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly extracting 50 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and balancing;
Step (2), detecting dynamic suction resistance of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking circulation simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic smoking resistance data of each port of smoking under an ISO (International electrotechnical System) smoking mode;
Step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by adopting a smoking circulation simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke amount of each smoke of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
Step (4), data standardization processing: carrying out standardization processing on the detected dynamic suction resistance data and the smoke quantity data to obtain dynamic suction resistance standardization data and smoke quantity standardization data;
Step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking easiness of the cigarettes: the ratio of the smoke quantity and the dynamic suction resistance of three smoke before the cigarette suction is adopted to represent the light feeling of the cigarette suction, namely: cigarette smoking ease characteristic value = three smoke amount normalized data average before cigarette smoking/three dynamic smoke resistance normalized data average before cigarette smoking.
In the step (1), the quality deviation of cigarette selection control is required to be +/-20 mg, and the suction resistance deviation is required to be +/-200 Pa; the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22.+ -. 2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60.+ -. 5%.
In step (2), the air flow through the end of the filter at each suction was 17.5 ml/s.
In the step (2) and the step (3), when the dynamic smoke resistance of the cigarette samples is detected and the smoke quantity is detected, the cigarette samples of the same variety are selected to be detected on the same model of smoking cycle simulator at the same time.
In the step (4), the specific method of the standardized treatment is as follows: the data were normalized using the min-max dispersion normalization method.
In the step (5), according to the calculation result of the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value, the larger the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value is, the better the cigarette smoking easiness is, and the quantitative evaluation of the cigarette smoking easiness is realized by detecting and analyzing the three before-smoking easiness characteristic values of the cigarette.
Application instance
According to the method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing the smoking easiness of the cigarettes, which is established by the invention, the smoking easiness of the cigarettes is detected for two brands of cigarette products in a certain cigarette factory. The specific implementation steps are as follows:
a. Sample preparation:
30 cigarettes of cigarette brand specification A and cigarette brand specification B produced by a certain cigarette factory are selected, cigarettes with obvious defects are removed, 10 cigarettes with quality deviation of +/-20 mg and smoking resistance deviation of +/-200 Pa are selected, and balanced in a balance box with the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60 +/-5% for 48 hours.
B. The two cigarette samples were tested for dynamic smoke resistance and smoke amount by mouth according to the method specified in the invention, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 dynamic resistance to smoking and Smoke detection results for cigarettes A and B
C. Standardized processing of data
The dynamic smoke resistance and smoke amount detection results of the two cigarette samples are subjected to standardized treatment, and the results are shown in Table 2. The specific method for the standardized treatment comprises the following steps: the average value of the detection data of the cigarette samples of the variety is calculated first, and then all the detection data are divided by the average value of the detection data.
Table 2 data for normalized amounts of smoke and dynamic resistance of cigarettes a and B
D. Calculation of cigarette smoking softness
The cigarette smoking ease characteristic value was calculated and the result is shown in table 3. The calculation formula is as follows: cigarette smoking ease characteristic value = three smoke amount normalized data average before cigarette smoking/three dynamic smoke resistance normalized data average before cigarette smoking.
Table 3 smoking ease characteristic value data for cigarettes a and B
E. analysis of results
From the calculation results of the smoking easiness characteristic values of the cigarettes A and B in the table 3, the front three smoking easiness characteristic values of the two cigarettes are 0.8798 and 0.7825 respectively, and the cigarette A is higher than the cigarette B; the smoking easiness characteristic values of the whole cigarettes are 1.0040 and 1.0116 respectively, and the cigarettes A and B are relatively close. Overall, cigarette a is more comfortable to smoke than cigarette B.
F. Method verification
To verify the accuracy of the method, the sensory evaluation method was used to compare with the above detection results. 10 smokers with professional cigarette smoking qualification are selected to carry out sensory smoking evaluation on the cigarettes A and B and score. The smoking easiness of the cigarette products is evaluated by adopting a 5-minute evaluation method, and the smoking easiness of the cigarettes is divided into: performing 5min; preferably-4 minutes; medium-3 minutes; poor-2 points; if the difference is-1, the suction feeling is less changed to less than 1, the score may be added with "+" or "-", where "+" means 0.5 point and "-" means 0.5 point. And during sensory evaluation, the cigarette section (namely the cigarette tight head section) with the length of 2cm of the cigarette pivot fire end is evaluated in a key way. The sensory evaluation results of the smoking relaxation of the cigarettes A and B are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 smoking relaxation sensory evaluation results of cigarettes a and B
From the average value of sensory evaluation results of 10 smokers, the smoking easiness score of the cigarette A is 1 score higher than that of the cigarette B, which indicates that the smoking easiness of the cigarette A is relatively better. The sensory evaluation conclusion is consistent with the result of the established detection method of the cigarette smoking easiness, and the method is accurate and reliable.
Through the specific implementation description of the testing method, the method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing the smoking easiness of the cigarettes provided by the invention has the advantages of science, accuracy and intuitiveness, can be used for quantitative detection and comparative analysis of different smoking easiness of the cigarettes, and accurately distinguishes cigarettes with different smoking easiness. The detection result of the method is consistent with the sensory evaluation result, can effectively replace the sensory evaluation of cigarette evaluation staff, and has guiding significance for guiding the research and development of cigarette products and quality improvement. The above embodiments are used for the analytical detection of only two cigarette samples, and the method can also be used for the detection of multiple groups of samples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A method for accurately detecting and quantifying and characterizing smoking relaxation of cigarettes, comprising the steps of:
Step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly extracting cigarette cigarettes of which the number is not less than 30 from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and balancing;
Step (2), detecting dynamic suction resistance of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking circulation simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic smoking resistance data of each port of smoking under an ISO (International electrotechnical System) smoking mode;
Step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of a cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by adopting a smoking circulation simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke amount of each smoke of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
Step (4), data standardization processing: carrying out standardization processing on the detected dynamic suction resistance data and the smoke quantity data to obtain dynamic suction resistance standardization data and smoke quantity standardization data;
Step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking easiness of the cigarettes: the ratio of the smoke quantity and the dynamic suction resistance of three smoke before the cigarette suction is adopted to represent the light feeling of the cigarette suction, namely: cigarette smoking ease characteristic value = three smoke amount normalized data average before cigarette smoking/three dynamic smoke resistance normalized data average before cigarette smoking.
2. The method for accurately detecting and quantifying the light sensation of smoking a cigarette according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the quality deviation of cigarette selection control is required to be +/-20 mg, and the suction resistance deviation is required to be +/-200 Pa.
3. The method for accurately detecting and quantifying the light sensation of smoking a cigarette according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the specific method of balancing is as follows: the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22.+ -. 2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60.+ -. 5%.
4. The method for accurately detecting and quantifying the light sensation of smoking a cigarette according to claim 1, wherein: in step (2), the air flow through the end of the filter at each suction was 17.5 ml/s.
5. The method for accurately detecting and quantifying the light sensation of smoking a cigarette according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2) and the step (3), when the dynamic smoke resistance of the cigarette samples is detected and the smoke quantity is detected, the cigarette samples of the same variety are selected to be detected on the same model of smoking cycle simulator at the same time.
6. The method for accurately detecting and quantifying the light sensation of smoking a cigarette according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the specific method of the standardized treatment is as follows: the average value of a certain item of detection data of a cigarette sample of a certain variety is calculated first, and then all the item of detection data is divided by the average value of the item of detection data.
7. The method for accurately detecting and quantifying the light sensation of smoking a cigarette according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the specific method of the standardized treatment is as follows: the data were normalized using the min-max dispersion normalization method.
8. The method for accurately detecting and quantifying the light sensation of smoking a cigarette according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), according to the calculation result of the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value, the larger the cigarette smoking easiness characteristic value is, the better the cigarette smoking easiness is, and the quantitative evaluation of the cigarette smoking easiness is realized by detecting and analyzing the three before-smoking easiness characteristic values of the cigarette.
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