CN112082923A - Method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease - Google Patents
Method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease Download PDFInfo
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000021063 Respiratory fume inhalation disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing the smoking ease of cigarettes, belonging to the technical field of tobacco manufacturing. The method comprises the steps of firstly, randomly drawing an equal number of cigarette cigarettes from each cigarette sample, removing the cigarettes with obvious defects, and then balancing; under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking cycle simulator, recording dynamic resistance data of each mouth of the cigarette in an ISO smoking mode, detecting the smoke quantity of each mouth of a cigarette sample, then carrying out standardization processing on the detected dynamic resistance data and the smoke quantity data, and finally calculating and representing the ease of smoking the cigarette by adopting the ratio of the smoke quantity of three mouths before smoking the cigarette to the dynamic resistance. The invention provides an accurate and scientific method for detecting and evaluating the smoking ease of the cigarettes, and has practical guiding significance for evaluating the smoking quality of the cigarettes and improving the smoking quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing the smoking ease of cigarettes.
Background
The cigarette smoking ease is the smoking ease degree felt by consumers in the cigarette smoking process, and is an important index for measuring the cigarette smoking quality. In general, cigarettes that are easy to smoke are generally easier to meet consumer needs. At present, a quantitative detection method for cigarette smoking ease is not available in the tobacco industry, evaluation of the cigarette smoking ease is still limited to sensory evaluation of cigarette evaluation personnel, evaluation results are greatly influenced by subjective factors of the evaluation personnel, and accurate and quantitative characterization cannot be achieved.
The application of Chinese invention patent (CN 201310012780.7) discloses a method for measuring the smoking looseness of cigarettes, which is technically characterized in that the smoking looseness of the cigarettes is defined by effective smoke inhalation under certain smoking pressure and smoking time of the cigarettes. The method specifically comprises the steps of representing the pressure of the cigarette by the smoking vacuum degree before smoking the cigarette, and representing the effective smoke inhalation amount by the signal intensity of Gram-Schmidt spectrum measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method. Other documents have no relevant report.
The method for detecting the smoking looseness of the cigarettes mainly has the following defects: the method is realized by setting fixed suction pressure and time through instrument equipment, the detection conditions (suction pressure, time and the like) completely depend on the setting of the instrument, the actual dynamic suction state of a consumer cannot be simulated, the dynamic suction looseness of the cigarette in the suction process cannot be truly reflected, and the quantitative characterization cannot be accurately measured. Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the prior art is a problem which needs to be solved in the technical field of tobacco manufacturing at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a method capable of realizing accurate detection and quantitative characterization of cigarette smoking ease, which has important functions and significance for realizing quantitative detection of cigarette smoking ease, comparing and evaluating smoking quality of different cigarette samples and guiding research, development and production of cigarette products.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly drawing not less than 30 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and then balancing;
step (2), detecting the dynamic draw resistance of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by using a smoking cycle simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic resistance data of each smoking mouth in an ISO smoking mode;
step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking cycle simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke volume sucked by each mouth of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
step (4), data standardization treatment: standardizing the detected dynamic resistance data and smoke amount data to obtain dynamic resistance standardized data and smoke amount standardized data;
step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking ease of the cigarettes: the ratio of the amount of the smoke of the three mouths before the cigarette is smoked to the dynamic resistance is adopted to represent the ease of smoking of the cigarette, namely: the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value = cigarette smoking amount three-mouth smoke standardized data average value/cigarette smoking three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data average value.
Further, in the step (1), it is preferable that the cigarette selection control mass deviation is ± 20 mg and the draw resistance deviation is ± 200 Pa.
Further, it is preferable that, in the step (1), the specific method of the equilibrium is: the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22 + -2 deg.C and a relative humidity of 60 + -5%.
Further, it is preferable that in the step (2), the amount of air flow passing through the tip of the filter per puff is 17.5 ml/s.
Further, preferably, in the step (2) and the step (3), when the cigarette samples are subjected to dynamic resistance smoking detection and smoke amount detection, the cigarette samples of the same variety are selected to be simultaneously detected on the smoking cycle simulator of the same model.
Further, it is preferable that in the step (4), the specific method of the normalization process is: firstly, calculating the mean value of the detection data of the cigarette sample of the variety, and then dividing all the detection data by the mean value of the detection data.
Further, it is preferable that in the step (4), the specific method of the normalization process is: the data were normalized using min-max dispersion normalization.
Further, preferably, in the step (5), according to a calculation result of the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value, the greater the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value is, the better the ease feeling is, and quantitative evaluation of the cigarette smoking ease feeling is realized by detecting and analyzing the ease feeling characteristic values of the first three mouths of the cigarette smoking.
The invention preferably randomly extracts not less than 30 cigarette samples to be detected, selects the cigarette with obvious defects after eliminating the cigarette with the quality deviation of +/-20 mg and the suction resistance deviation of +/-200 Pa, and then balances the selected cigarette. When the characteristic value of the cigarette smoking ease feeling is finally calculated, the three-mouth smoke quantity standardized data average value before cigarette smoking is the three-mouth smoke quantity standardized data average value before all the selected cigarettes are smoked; the average value of the three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data before cigarette smoking is also the average value of the three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data before cigarette smoking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method overcomes the defects in the prior art, provides a scientific, accurate and quantitative detection method for representing the smoking ease of the cigarettes, and has great practical value in the aspects of realizing the accurate detection of the smoking ease of the cigarette products, optimizing the smoking quality of the cigarettes, guiding the research and development of the cigarette products and improving the quality.
In addition, the method for detecting the smoking ease of the cigarette can also be used for detecting the smoking ease of the electronic cigarette, the cigarette which is not burnt when being heated and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
Instrument model and manufacturer: simulated circulation smoking machine (SCS) and DMS 500 rapid particle size spectrometer (Cambustion, uk);
example 1
A method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly drawing 40 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and then balancing;
step (2), detecting the dynamic draw resistance of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by using a smoking cycle simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic resistance data of each smoking mouth in an ISO smoking mode;
step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking cycle simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke volume sucked by each mouth of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
step (4), data standardization treatment: standardizing the detected dynamic resistance data and smoke amount data to obtain dynamic resistance standardized data and smoke amount standardized data;
step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking ease of the cigarettes: the ratio of the amount of the smoke of the three mouths before the cigarette is smoked to the dynamic resistance is adopted to represent the ease of smoking of the cigarette, namely: the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value = cigarette smoking amount three-mouth smoke standardized data average value/cigarette smoking three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data average value.
Example 2
A method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly drawing 30 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing the cigarettes with obvious defects, and then balancing;
step (2), detecting the dynamic draw resistance of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by using a smoking cycle simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic resistance data of each smoking mouth in an ISO smoking mode;
step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking cycle simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke volume sucked by each mouth of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
step (4), data standardization treatment: standardizing the detected dynamic resistance data and smoke amount data to obtain dynamic resistance standardized data and smoke amount standardized data;
step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking ease of the cigarettes: the ratio of the amount of the smoke of the three mouths before the cigarette is smoked to the dynamic resistance is adopted to represent the ease of smoking of the cigarette, namely: the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value = cigarette smoking amount three-mouth smoke standardized data average value/cigarette smoking three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data average value.
In the step (1), the cigarette selection control mass deviation is required to be +/-20 mg, and the suction resistance deviation is required to be +/-200 Pa; the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22 + -2 deg.C and a relative humidity of 60 + -5%.
In step (2), the amount of air flow through the filter tip per puff was 17.5 ml/s.
In the step (2) and the step (3), when the cigarette sample dynamic resistance is detected and the smoke amount is detected, the cigarette samples of the same variety are simultaneously detected on the smoking circulation simulator of the same model.
In the step (4), the specific method of the standardization treatment is as follows: firstly, calculating the mean value of the detection data of the cigarette sample of the variety, and then dividing all the detection data by the mean value of the detection data.
In the step (5), according to the calculation result of the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value, the greater the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value is, the better the ease feeling is, and the quantitative evaluation of the cigarette smoking ease feeling is realized by detecting and analyzing the ease feeling characteristic values of the three mouths before cigarette smoking.
Example 3
A method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly drawing 50 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing the cigarettes with obvious defects, and then balancing;
step (2), detecting the dynamic draw resistance of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by using a smoking cycle simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic resistance data of each smoking mouth in an ISO smoking mode;
step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking cycle simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke volume sucked by each mouth of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
step (4), data standardization treatment: standardizing the detected dynamic resistance data and smoke amount data to obtain dynamic resistance standardized data and smoke amount standardized data;
step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking ease of the cigarettes: the ratio of the amount of the smoke of the three mouths before the cigarette is smoked to the dynamic resistance is adopted to represent the ease of smoking of the cigarette, namely: the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value = cigarette smoking amount three-mouth smoke standardized data average value/cigarette smoking three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data average value.
In the step (1), the cigarette selection control mass deviation is required to be +/-20 mg, and the suction resistance deviation is required to be +/-200 Pa; the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22 + -2 deg.C and a relative humidity of 60 + -5%.
In step (2), the amount of air flow through the filter tip per puff was 17.5 ml/s.
In the step (2) and the step (3), when the cigarette sample dynamic resistance is detected and the smoke amount is detected, the cigarette samples of the same variety are simultaneously detected on the smoking circulation simulator of the same model.
In the step (4), the specific method of the standardization treatment is as follows: the data were normalized using min-max dispersion normalization.
In the step (5), according to the calculation result of the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value, the greater the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value is, the better the ease feeling is, and the quantitative evaluation of the cigarette smoking ease feeling is realized by detecting and analyzing the ease feeling characteristic values of the three mouths before cigarette smoking.
Examples of the applications
According to the method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing the cigarette smoking ease feeling, which is established by the invention, the cigarette smoking ease feeling is detected for two brands of cigarette products in a certain cigarette factory. The specific implementation steps are as follows:
a. preparation of samples:
selecting 30 cigarettes of brand A and brand B produced by a certain cigarette factory, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, selecting 10 cigarettes with mass deviation of +/-20 mg and suction resistance deviation of +/-200 Pa, and balancing for 48 hours in a balancing box with the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60 +/-5%.
b. The two cigarette samples are subjected to mouth-to-mouth smoking dynamic resistance and smoke amount detection according to the method specified in the invention, and the detection results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 cigarette A and cigarette B dynamic resistance and smoke amount test results
c. Normalization processing of data
The results of the dynamic resistance and smoke amount detection of the two cigarette samples are standardized and are shown in the table 2. The specific method of the standardization treatment is as follows: firstly, calculating the mean value of the detection data of the cigarette sample of the variety, and then dividing all the detection data by the mean value of the detection data.
TABLE 2 cigarette A and cigarette B dynamic resistance and smoke amount standardized data
d. Calculation of the smoking looseness of a cigarette
The characteristic value of the cigarette smoking ease is calculated, and the result is shown in table 3. Calculating the formula: the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value = cigarette smoking amount three-mouth smoke standardized data average value/cigarette smoking three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data average value.
TABLE 3 cigarette A and B cigarette smoking ease characteristic data
e. Analysis of results
From the results of calculating the smoking ease characteristic values of the cigarette A and the cigarette B in the table 3, the first three smoking ease characteristic values of the two cigarettes are 0.8798 and 0.7825 respectively, and the cigarette A is higher than the cigarette B; the whole cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic values of the two cigarettes are 1.0040 and 1.0116 respectively, and the cigarette A is closer to the cigarette B. In a whole view, the cigarette A has better smoking ease than the cigarette B.
f. Method verification
In order to verify the accuracy of the method, the result is compared with the detection result by a sensory evaluation method. Selecting 10 smoking personnel with professional cigarette smoking qualification to perform sensory smoking evaluation on the cigarettes A and B and scoring. Evaluating the smoking ease of the cigarette product by adopting a 5-score evaluation method, and dividing the smoking ease of the cigarette into: good 5 points; preferably-4 min; medium-3 points; worse-2 points; poor-1 points, if the ease of pumping varies less than 1 point, a plus or minus may be added to the score, plus meaning an increase of 0.5 points and minus meaning a decrease of 0.5 points. During sensory evaluation, the cigarette section (namely the cigarette tightening end section) with the length of 2cm of the cigarette ignition end is mainly evaluated. The sensory evaluation results of the cigarette A and the cigarette B with ease of smoking are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 sensory evaluation results of smoking ease of cigarette A and cigarette B
From the average of the sensory evaluation results of 10 evaluation personnel, the smoking ease of the cigarette A is 1 point higher than that of the cigarette B, which indicates that the smoking ease of the cigarette A is relatively better. The sensory evaluation conclusion is consistent with the established detection method result of the cigarette smoking ease, which shows that the method is accurate and reliable.
Through the concrete implementation description of the test method, the method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing the smoking ease of the cigarettes has the advantages of science, accuracy and intuition, can be used for quantitative detection and comparative analysis of the smoking ease of different cigarettes and accurately distinguishes the cigarettes with different smoking ease. The detection result of the method is consistent with the sensory evaluation result, the sensory evaluation of cigarette evaluation personnel can be effectively replaced, and the method has guiding significance for guiding the research and development of cigarette products and improving the quality. The method is only used for analyzing and detecting two cigarette samples in the above embodiments, and can also be used for detecting a plurality of groups of samples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), preparation of a sample: randomly drawing not less than 30 cigarette cigarettes from a cigarette sample to be detected, removing cigarettes with obvious defects, and then balancing;
step (2), detecting the dynamic draw resistance of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking cigarettes by using a smoking cycle simulator provided with a gas pressure difference measuring unit and a data acquisition and analysis unit, and recording dynamic resistance data of each smoking mouth in an ISO smoking mode;
step (3), detecting the smoke quantity of the cigarette sample: under the test condition specified in GB/T16447, smoking a cigarette by using a smoking cycle simulator, connecting a rapid particle size spectrometer, and detecting the smoke volume sucked by each mouth of a cigarette sample in an ISO smoking mode;
step (4), data standardization treatment: standardizing the detected dynamic resistance data and smoke amount data to obtain dynamic resistance standardized data and smoke amount standardized data;
step (5), calculating and evaluating the smoking ease of the cigarettes: the ratio of the amount of the smoke of the three mouths before the cigarette is smoked to the dynamic resistance is adopted to represent the ease of smoking of the cigarette, namely: the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value = cigarette smoking amount three-mouth smoke standardized data average value/cigarette smoking three-mouth dynamic resistance standardized data average value.
2. The method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the cigarette selection control mass deviation is required to be +/-20 mg, and the suction resistance deviation is required to be +/-200 Pa.
3. The method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the specific method for balancing is as follows: the cigarette samples were equilibrated for 48 hours at a temperature of 22 + -2 deg.C and a relative humidity of 60 + -5%.
4. The method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease according to claim 1, wherein: in step (2), the amount of air flow through the filter tip per puff was 17.5 ml/s.
5. The method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2) and the step (3), when the cigarette sample dynamic resistance is detected and the smoke amount is detected, the cigarette samples of the same variety are simultaneously detected on the smoking circulation simulator of the same model.
6. The method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the specific method of the standardization treatment is as follows: firstly, calculating the mean value of the detection data of the cigarette sample of the variety, and then dividing all the detection data by the mean value of the detection data.
7. The method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the specific method of the standardization treatment is as follows: the data were normalized using min-max dispersion normalization.
8. The method for accurately detecting and quantitatively characterizing cigarette smoking ease according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), according to the calculation result of the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value, the greater the cigarette smoking ease feeling characteristic value is, the better the ease feeling is, and the quantitative evaluation of the cigarette smoking ease feeling is realized by detecting and analyzing the ease feeling characteristic values of the three mouths before cigarette smoking.
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