CN112081613B - Roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in grading manner - Google Patents
Roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in grading manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN112081613B CN112081613B CN202011127638.3A CN202011127638A CN112081613B CN 112081613 B CN112081613 B CN 112081613B CN 202011127638 A CN202011127638 A CN 202011127638A CN 112081613 B CN112081613 B CN 112081613B
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- sleeve
- grouting
- anchor
- anchoring
- baffle
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, which comprises the following steps: drilling a hole, and dividing the rock mass into a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section according to the rock mass crushing condition in the hole; the first, second, third and fourth sections are then anchored in sequence. According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pre-tightening force in a grading manner, the rock body is divided into four sections according to the spatial difference of the rock body, different supporting structures and supporting modes are adopted for different sections, so that differentiated supporting of the spatially-different rock body is realized, the supporting structure combining anchor rods and anchor rope supporting is adopted, the mode combining anchoring agent anchoring and grouting anchoring is adopted, the method is more suitable for the construction environment of a deep high-stress roadway, the supporting method is firmer than that of a common single anchor rod or anchor rope and single anchoring agent anchoring or grouting anchoring, and the anchoring effect is more obvious.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway surrounding rock reinforcement, in particular to a roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner.
[ background of the invention ]
In the coal mining process, due to the complexity and the variability of surrounding rock conditions, support structures such as anchor rods and anchor cables play an important role in the aspect of roadway surrounding rock support, and the resource mining and the safety of machinery and personnel are guaranteed. According to investigation, the most main support mode in the deep roadway surrounding rock control at home and abroad is the mode of supporting by matching an anchor rod and an anchor cable with sprayed concrete. The prestressed anchor rod can provide stronger supporting force for a shallow broken rock mass, and the stability of the roadway structure is maintained; the prestressed anchor cable has good advantages in the aspects of structural length and supporting strength, and has a large anchoring range. Both of the two methods use active support as a support concept, can give full play to the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, can effectively control the violent deformation of the rock mass to a certain extent, and provide a safe environment for coal mining. Compared with the passive support mode, the prestressed anchor rod (cable) support is obviously superior to the passive support mode in material cost, operation simplicity and support effect.
However, as the resource exploitation shifts to the deep part, the tunnel burial depth is larger and larger, the surrounding rock stress is increased continuously, and the supporting effect of the common anchor rod (cable) supporting technology is more and less obvious, and even the common anchor rod (cable) supporting technology is ineffective. In the existing deep tunnel anchor rod (cable) supporting technology, a local anchoring and local grouting mode is usually adopted, only once or no pretightening force is applied, the rock masses at different depths are difficult to support differentially, the difference of tunnel surrounding rock mechanical structures in a deep high-stress state is ignored, and the supporting effect is poor.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, and solves the problem of poor supporting effect caused by the fact that a supporting mode of local anchoring and local grouting in the prior art cannot carry out space differentiation supporting according to mechanical structures of roadway surrounding rocks at different depths.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner comprises the following steps:
step 1: drilling a hole, and dividing the rock mass into a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section according to the rock mass crushing condition in the hole;
step 2: anchoring of the first segment: placing an anchoring agent into a first section, extending a basic supporting structure into the first section along a pore passage, rotating and stirring to fully mix and bond a stirring anchoring head positioned at the head end of the basic supporting structure and the anchoring agent, and applying a first pre-tightening force to the anchor cables after the anchoring agent is solidified, wherein the basic supporting structure comprises a plurality of anchor cables arranged side by side, and a first baffle, a second baffle and a third baffle which are sequentially arranged on the anchor cables and used for dividing surrounding rocks passed by the anchor cables into four sections;
and step 3: anchoring of the second section: the primary grouting sleeve extends into the hole and is combined with a second baffle plate in the foundation support structure, grouting is conducted on the second section, after the grout is solidified, the primary grouting sleeve is withdrawn, and a second pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor cable;
and 4, step 4: anchoring of the third segment: the second-stage grouting sleeve extends into the hole channel and is combined with a third baffle plate in the foundation support structure, the third section is filled with grout, after the grout is solidified, the second-stage grouting sleeve is withdrawn, and third pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor cable;
and 5: anchoring of the fourth segment: and installing an anchor rope base plate at the tail end of the anchor rope, placing the anchoring agent into the rear end of a third baffle plate in the basic supporting structure along the pore channel, stretching the anchor rod into the foundation supporting structure along the anchor rope base plate, rotationally stirring the anchor rod to enable the end part of the anchor rod to be fully mixed and bonded with the anchoring agent, installing the anchor rod base plate after the anchoring agent is solidified, filling the anchor rod with slurry along the anchor rod to a fourth section, and applying pretightening force to the anchor rod after the slurry is solidified.
The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner is characterized in that the first-stage grouting sleeve in the step 3 comprises a first end sleeve, a splicing sleeve and a tail sleeve which are sequentially connected, the second-stage grouting sleeve in the step 4 comprises a second end sleeve and the tail sleeve in the step 3, the second end sleeve is connected with the end of the tail sleeve, grouting channels communicated with the tail sleeve are arranged on the first end sleeve, the splicing sleeve and the second end sleeve, a grouting port is arranged on the tail sleeve, the grouting port is communicated with the grouting channels, a first connecting portion used for connecting the second baffle is arranged on the first end sleeve, and a second connecting portion used for connecting the third baffle is arranged on the second end sleeve.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, the first end sleeve, the splicing sleeve and the second end sleeve are respectively provided with a seepage channel communicated with the tail sleeve, and a piston assembly used for feeding back the grouting condition is arranged in the seepage channel.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, the end, provided with the first connecting part, of the first end sleeve is provided with the first limiting boss protruding towards the inflow direction of the seepage channel, the seepage channel of the first end sleeve is internally provided with the first limiting baffle sheet opposite to the first limiting boss, and the first limiting boss is provided with the first boss through hole communicated with the seepage channel.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, one end, provided with the second connecting portion, of the second end sleeve is provided with the second limiting boss protruding towards the inflow direction of the seepage channel, the seepage channel of the tail sleeve is internally provided with the second limiting baffle, and the second limiting boss is provided with the second boss through hole communicated with the seepage channel.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, the first connecting part comprises a first buckle arranged on the outer surface of the first end sleeve, and the second connecting part comprises a second buckle arranged on the outer surface of the second end sleeve and a limiting baffle.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, the second baffle is provided with a sleeve connecting groove used for connecting the first-stage grouting sleeve, and a plurality of grouting through holes which penetrate through the second baffle and are used for allowing grout to pass through are formed in the sleeve connecting groove.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, the second baffle plate is provided with a clamping groove communicated with the sleeve connecting groove, and the side wall of the sleeve connecting groove is provided with a first slide way communicated with the side wall of the clamping groove.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, the third baffle plate is provided with a sleeve through hole for the primary grouting sleeve to pass through, and a clamping hole communicated with the sleeve through hole and used for being connected with the secondary grouting sleeve, and the side wall of the sleeve through hole is provided with a second slide way communicated with the clamping hole.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, a plurality of reinforcing sections arranged side by side with the anchor cables are arranged between the second baffle plate and the third baffle plate, the number of the anchor cables and the number of the reinforcing sections are four, the anchor cables and the reinforcing sections are arranged at intervals, and each anchor cable is formed by winding four high-strength steel stranded wires.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pre-tightening force in a grading manner, the rock body is divided into four sections according to the spatial difference of the rock body, different supporting structures and supporting modes are adopted for different sections, so that differentiated supporting of the spatially-different rock body is realized, the supporting structure combining anchor rods and anchor rope supporting is adopted, the mode combining anchoring agent anchoring and grouting anchoring is adopted, the method is more suitable for the construction environment of a deep high-stress roadway, the supporting method is firmer than that of a common single anchor rod or anchor rope and single anchoring agent anchoring or grouting anchoring, and the anchoring effect is more obvious.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a foundation support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a foundation support structure combined with a primary grouting casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a foundation support structure combined with a secondary grouting sleeve according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main body supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bolt and cable bolt anchor fixing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a main body supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first baffle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third baffle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a first schematic structural diagram of a second baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a second schematic structural diagram of a second baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a primary grouting bushing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 12 is an exploded view of a primary grouting casing according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 13 is an exploded view of a primary grouting casing according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a two-stage grouting bushing according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 15 is an exploded view of a second casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is an exploded view of a second stage grouting bushing according to an embodiment of the invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 16, the embodiment provides a surrounding rock supporting structure of a roadway capable of applying pre-tightening force in a graded manner. The roadway surrounding rock supporting structure capable of applying pretightening force in a grading mode comprises a main body supporting structure applied to roadway surrounding rock supporting and a detachable grouting sleeve applied to roadway surrounding rock supporting. According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting structure capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner, the adaptive supporting structure is adopted for surrounding rocks in different sections on the main supporting structure, and grouting sleeves with different lengths are used for grouting and anchoring rock masses in different depths, so that differentiated supporting of spatially differentiated rock masses is realized, and a better supporting effect is obtained.
The main body supporting structure applied to roadway surrounding rock supporting comprises a main body supporting structure 1, wherein the main body supporting structure 1 comprises a plurality of anchor cables 14 arranged side by side, a first baffle 11, a second baffle 12 and a third baffle 13 which are used for dividing surrounding rocks passed by the anchor cables 14 into four sections are sequentially arranged on the plurality of anchor cables 14, and the four sections comprise a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section which are used for applying pre-tightening force in a grading manner and are sequentially arranged; a stirring anchoring head 15 which is fixedly connected with the head end of the anchor rope 14 and is used for stirring the anchoring agent and anchoring the head end of the anchor rope 14 is arranged in the first section; a plurality of reinforcing sections 16 which are connected with the second baffle 12 and the third baffle 13 and are arranged side by side with the anchor cables 14 are arranged in the third section; an anchor rod 17 and an anchor cable anchor rod fixing assembly 18 are arranged in the fourth section, the anchor rod 17 is arranged among the anchor cables 14, and the anchor cable anchor rod fixing assembly 18 is arranged at the tail end of each anchor cable 14; by arranging the first baffle 11, the second baffle 12 and the third baffle 13 on the anchor cable, the surrounding rock passed by the anchor cable 14 is divided into a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section which are sequentially arranged and can apply pretightening force in a graded manner, and a stirring anchoring head 15 supporting structure is adopted in the first section for anchoring and supporting so as to be suitable for anchoring and supporting of a deep complete rock body; in the second section, anchor ropes 14 are adopted for supporting so as to be suitable for anchoring and supporting of a relatively complete rock body; in the third section, a supporting structure formed by combining the anchor cable 14 and the reinforcing section 16 is adopted for supporting so as to be suitable for anchoring and supporting of a broken rock body, and in the fourth section, a supporting structure formed by combining the anchor cable 14 and the anchor rod 17 is adopted for supporting so as to be suitable for anchoring and supporting of a shallow broken rock body; adopt different supporting construction to different sections through main part supporting construction 1 to the realization is strutted to the differentiation of space differentiation nature rock mass, more can adapt to the anchor of multi-level rock mass, and the reliability is high, and simple structure, and it is convenient to install, struts effectually.
The detachable grouting sleeve applied to the roadway surrounding rock support comprises a first end sleeve 21, a splicing sleeve 22, a tail sleeve 23 and a second end sleeve 31, the first end sleeve 21, the splicing sleeve 22 and the second end sleeve 31 are all provided with a grouting channel 24 communicated with the tail sleeve 23, the tail sleeve 23 is provided with a grouting opening 231, the grouting opening 231 is communicated with the grouting channel 24, the first end casing 21, the splicing casing 22 and the tail casing 23 are sequentially connected to form the first-stage grouting casing 2, the second end casing 31 and the tail casing 23 are joined to form the secondary grouting casing 3, the first end sleeve 21 is provided with a first connection 211 for connecting a second apron 12 of the main body supporting structure, and a second connecting part 311 for connecting the third baffle 13 in the main body supporting structure is arranged on the second end sleeve 31. The first-stage grouting sleeve 2 and the second baffle 12 are detachably connected and used for grouting the second section, and the second-stage grouting sleeve 3 and the third baffle 13 are detachably connected and used for grouting the third section. The first end casing 21, the splicing casing 22 and the tail casing 23 are sequentially connected to form a first-stage grouting casing 2, the rock body at the deeper part is subjected to grouting anchoring, the second end casing 31 and the tail casing 23 are connected to form a second-stage grouting casing 3, and the shallow rock body is subjected to grouting anchoring. The primary grouting sleeve 2 and the secondary grouting sleeve 3 with different lengths are formed by splicing different parts, so that an application foundation can be provided for applying multiple pretightening forces and strengthening the supporting effect on surrounding rocks of roadways with different depths; (ii) a Meanwhile, the parts are simple in structure, low in production and use cost, different parts can be detachably spliced and reused, and the application range is wide.
Furthermore, the first end sleeve 21, the splice sleeve 22 and the second end sleeve 31 are all provided with a seepage channel 25 communicated with the tail sleeve 23, and a piston assembly 26 for feeding back the grouting condition is arranged in the seepage channel 25. When the thick liquid is filled up, the thick liquid gets into in the seepage flow passageway 25 to promote piston assembly 26 and remove, operating personnel can learn the thick liquid time of filling up conveniently and accurately through piston assembly 26's moving state, improve the efficiency of construction.
Further, the piston assembly 26 includes a piston head 261 and a piston rod 262, the piston head 261 is disposed at one end of the piston rod 262, and the diameter of the piston head 261 is larger than the diameter of the piston rod 262. The diameter of the piston head 261 is equal to that of the seepage channel 25, which can effectively block the slurry from entering the seepage channel 25, and the piston head 261 can move in the seepage channel 25 to feed back the grouting condition.
Further, the piston rod 262 in the primary grouting sleeve 2 comprises a spliced piston rod 2621 and an anchor rod which are detachably connected, and the piston rod 262 in the secondary grouting sleeve 3 is the anchor rod. The piston rod 262 in the primary grouting sleeve 2 can be formed by splicing the spliced piston rod 2621 with anchor rods in different lengths, so that the grouting sleeve is suitable for rock mass grouting in different depths, and is wide in application range.
Furthermore, one end of the first end sleeve 21, on which the first connection portion 211 is disposed, is provided with a first limit boss 212 protruding toward the inflow direction of the seepage passage 25, a first limit baffle 213 opposite to the first limit boss 212 is disposed in the seepage passage 25 of the first end sleeve 21, and the first limit boss 212 is provided with a first boss through hole 2121 communicated with the seepage passage 25. When the primary grouting sleeve 2 is formed, the piston head 261 in the piston assembly 26 is placed between the first limit boss 212 and the first limit stopper 213 in the first end sleeve 21 to limit the moving stroke of the piston assembly 26; during grouting, the piston head 261 abuts against the rear of the first limit boss 212, so that the piston head 261 is effectively limited from moving forwards and separating from the first end sleeve 21; when the grout is full, the grout enters through the first boss through hole 2121 and pushes the piston head 261 to move backwards, and the piston head 261 stops moving when contacting the first limiting blocking piece 213, so that the grouting condition can be accurately judged by an operator, and meanwhile, the grout is effectively prevented from entering the seepage channel 25.
Furthermore, one end of the second end sleeve 31, which is provided with the second connecting portion 311, is provided with a second limiting boss 312 protruding in the inflow direction of the seepage passage 25, the seepage passage 25 of the tail sleeve 23 is provided with a second limiting baffle 232, and the second limiting boss 312 is provided with a second boss through hole 3121 communicated with the seepage passage 25. When the secondary grouting pipe 3 is formed, the piston head 261 in the piston assembly 26 is placed between the second limit projection 312 in the second end pipe 31 and the second limit flap 232 in the tail pipe 23 to limit the moving stroke of the piston assembly 26; during grouting, the piston head 261 abuts against the rear of the second limit boss 312, so that the piston head 261 is effectively limited from moving forwards and separating from the second end sleeve 31; when the thick liquid is full of, the thick liquid passes through second boss through-hole 3121 and gets into and promote piston head 261 rearward movement, and stop moving when piston head 261 contacts second spacing separation blade 232 to make things convenient for operating personnel to accurately judge the slip casting condition, effectively block the thick liquid simultaneously and get into in the seepage flow passageway 25.
Further, slip casting passageway 24 and slip casting mouth 231 quantity are four, four slip casting passageway 24 is along pipe wall circumference evenly distributed, slip casting direction and the axial of slip casting passageway 24 of slip casting mouth 231 are perpendicular, make the slip casting operation more convenient, and for single slip casting mouth 231 and slip casting passageway 24, its slip casting efficiency is higher, is favorable to saving the slip casting time for the engineering progress.
Further, the first connecting portion 211 includes a first buckle disposed on the outer surface of the first end sleeve 21. When the primary grouting bushing 2 is formed, the first connection portion 211 is fixed in combination with the second barrier 12 in the main body supporting structure 1 so as to perform grouting on the second section.
Further, the second connection portion 311 includes a second buckle 3111 and a limit baffle 3112 disposed on the outer surface of the second end sleeve 31. When forming second grade slip casting sleeve pipe 3, second connecting portion 311 combines fixedly with third baffle 12 in the main part supporting construction 1, wherein during second buckle 3111 card goes into third baffle 12, third baffle 12 rear end is located on the top of limit baffle 3112 and in order to restrict second grade slip casting sleeve pipe 3 and move forward, makes second grade slip casting sleeve pipe 3 be connected more stably firm with third baffle 12, is favorable to the slip casting to go on smoothly.
Further, the end of the first end sleeve 21 far away from the first connection portion 211 is provided with a first connection buckle 214, the end of the second end sleeve 31 far away from the second connection portion 311 is provided with a second connection buckle 313, one end of the splicing sleeve 22 is provided with a third connection buckle 221, the other end of the splicing sleeve is provided with a first connection hole 222 used for being connected with the first connection buckle 214, and the tail sleeve 23 is provided with a second connection hole 233 connected with the second connection buckle 313 or the third connection buckle 221. When the primary grouting casing 2 is formed, the first connecting buckle 214 on the first end casing 21 is connected with the first connecting hole 222 on the splicing casing 22, and the third connecting buckle 221 on the splicing casing 22 is connected with the second connecting hole 233 on the tail casing 23; when the second-stage grouting sleeve 3 is formed, the second connecting buckle 313 on the second end sleeve 31 is connected with the second connecting hole 233 on the tail sleeve 23, and the structure is simple, the connection is firm, and the installation is convenient and fast.
Further, a casing connecting groove 121 for connecting the first-stage grouting casing 2 is formed in the second baffle 12, and a plurality of grouting through holes 124 which penetrate through the second baffle 12 and are used for allowing grout to pass through are formed in the casing connecting groove 121. The second baffle 12 is provided with a clamping groove 122 communicated with the sleeve connecting groove 121, and the side wall of the sleeve connecting groove 121 is provided with a first slide rail 123 communicated with the side wall of the clamping groove 122. When one-level slip casting sleeve 2 is connected with second baffle 12, the one end of one-level slip casting sleeve 2 gets into in the sleeve connecting groove 121, and simultaneously, first connecting portion 211 on one-level slip casting sleeve 2 combines with draw-in groove 122, rotatory one-level slip casting sleeve 2, make the slip casting passageway 24 of one-level slip casting sleeve 2 relative with the slip casting through-hole 124 in the second baffle 12, the guarantee thick liquid gets into in the second district section through the slip casting through-hole 124 in the second baffle 12 from the slip casting passageway 24 of one-level slip casting sleeve 2, in order to carry out the slip casting anchor to the second district section, make the connection of one-level slip casting sleeve 2 and second baffle 12 more firm simultaneously.
Further, a seepage through hole 125 is arranged in the casing connecting groove 121, and the plurality of grouting through holes 124 are uniformly and equidistantly arranged along the periphery of the seepage through hole 125. In this embodiment, the number of the grouting through holes 124 and the number of the grouting channels 24 are both 4, which is higher than that of a single grouting channel 24 and grouting through hole 124 in grouting efficiency; meanwhile, in this embodiment, the second baffle 12 is provided with a seepage through hole 125, which is opposite to the seepage channel 25 in the primary grouting casing 2, and is beneficial to providing a circulation channel for the excess grout to flow into the seepage channel 25.
Further, a sleeve through hole 131 for a first-stage grouting sleeve to pass through and a clamping hole 132 communicated with the sleeve through hole 131 and used for connecting a second-stage grouting sleeve are formed in the third baffle 13, and a second slide channel 133 communicated with the clamping hole 132 is formed in the side wall of the sleeve through hole 131. When the primary grouting sleeve 2 is connected with the second baffle plate 12, the primary grouting sleeve 2 passes through the sleeve through hole 131 in the third baffle plate 13, so as to be connected with the second baffle plate 12 at the front end; when second grade slip casting sleeve 3 is connected with third baffle 13, the one end of second grade slip casting sleeve 3 gets into in the sleeve pipe through-hole 131, simultaneously, second buckle 3111 on the second grade slip casting sleeve 3 combines with calorie hole 132, limit baffle 3112 on the second grade slip casting sleeve 3 supports the rear end of locating third baffle 13, rotatory second grade slip casting sleeve 3, thereby make second grade slip casting sleeve 3 and third baffle 13 form more stable connection, the thick liquid gets into in the third district section from second grade slip casting sleeve 3's slip casting passageway 24, in order to carry out the slip casting anchor to the third district.
Further, the length of the first slideway 123 is one fourth of the perimeter of the side wall of the casing connecting groove 121; the length of the second slide way 133 is one fourth of the perimeter of the side wall of the sleeve through hole 131. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the number of the clamping grooves 122 and the number of the first slide ways 123 in the second baffle plate 12 are two, the number of the clamping holes 132 and the number of the second slide ways 133 in the third baffle plate 13 are two, and the first slide ways 123 and the second slide ways 133 are both rotational symmetric, so that when the construction operation is performed, the connection with the second baffle plate 12 or the third baffle plate 13 is realized only by rotating the first grouting sleeve 2 or the second grouting sleeve 3 by 90 degrees, and the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.
Further, the number of the anchor cables 14 and the number of the reinforcing sections 16 are four, the anchor cables 14 and the reinforcing sections 16 are arranged at intervals, and each anchor cable 14 is formed by winding four high-strength steel stranded wires. The anchor cables 14 are combined with the reinforcing sections 16 in a supporting mode, and the anchor cables 14 and the reinforcing sections 16 are arranged at intervals, so that the stress is more uniform, and a better supporting effect is achieved.
Further, the stirring anchoring head 15 includes a stirring head baffle 151 and stirring rods 152 disposed at two ends of the stirring head baffle 151. As shown in fig. 6, the stirring rods 152 are uniformly arranged at both ends of the stirring head baffle 151, and the stirring anchor device has a simple structure and a good stirring anchoring effect.
Further, the stock 17 is hollow structure and is equipped with a plurality of stock through-holes 171 that supply the thick liquid circulation on the lateral wall, the stock 17 is close to the one end of third baffle 13 and is equipped with piston 172, and the other end is equipped with and ends thick liquid stopper 173. By combining the anchor rods 17 with the anchor cables 14, a better supporting effect is achieved. In this embodiment, when carrying out the one-level slip casting to the second district, stock 17 constitutes the piston rod 262 that is used for one-level slip casting sleeve 2 with the concatenation piston rod 2621 concatenation, when carrying out the second grade slip casting to the third district, and stock 17 can regard as piston rod 262, is favorable to improving the utilization ratio of stock.
Further, the anchor cable bolt fixing assembly 18 includes an anchor cable base plate 181 and an anchor cable nut 182 for fixing the anchor cable 14, the anchor cable base plate 181 is provided with an anchor rod base plate 183 and an anchor rod nut 184 for fixing the anchor rod 17, and one end of the anchor rod base plate 183 close to the anchor cable base plate 181 is provided with an anchor cable nut groove 1831 for embedding the anchor cable nut 182. The anchor rope backing plate 181 is provided with through holes for the anchor rope 14 and the anchor rod 17 to pass through respectively, the anchor rope 14 is fixed through the anchor rope backing plate 181 and the anchor rope nut 182, the anchor rod backing plate 183 is installed behind the anchor rope backing plate 181, the anchor rod 17 penetrates through the anchor rope backing plate 181 and the anchor rod backing plate 183 simultaneously, enters a fourth section to be supported together with the anchor rope 14, and finally the anchor rod 17 is fixed through the anchor rod bolt 184, so that the main body supporting structure 1 is more stable and firm.
The roadway surrounding rock supporting method for applying the pretightening force in a grading manner by adopting the roadway surrounding rock supporting structure capable of applying the pretightening force in a grading manner comprises the following steps:
step 1: drilling a hole, and dividing the rock mass into a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section according to the rock mass crushing condition in the hole.
The first section is a deep intact rock body and marked as X1 m, the second section is a relatively intact rock body and marked as X2 m, the third section is a relatively broken rock body and marked as X3 m, the fourth section is a shallow broken rock body and marked as X4 m, the length of the anchor rope and the relative positions of the first baffle 11, the second baffle 12 and the third baffle 13 on the anchor rope 14 are determined according to X1, X2, X3 and X4, and the first baffle 11, the second baffle 12, the third baffle 13 and the stirring anchor head 15 are welded at the corresponding positions of the anchor rope 14 to form a basic supporting structure.
Step 2: anchoring of the first segment: and (3) placing the anchoring agent into the first section, extending the basic supporting structure into the first section along the pore canal, rotating and stirring to fully mix and bond the stirring anchoring head 15 positioned at the head end of the basic supporting structure and the anchoring agent, and applying first pre-tightening force to the anchor cable 14 after the anchoring agent is solidified.
And 3, step 3: anchoring of the second segment: and (3) extending the primary grouting sleeve into the foundation supporting structure along the pore canal and combining the primary grouting sleeve with a second baffle 12 in the foundation supporting structure, grouting the second section, withdrawing the primary grouting sleeve 2 after the grout is solidified, and applying a second pre-tightening force to the anchor cable 14. Wherein, during grouting, grouting is stopped when the piston head in the piston assembly 26 moves to the first limit stop piece 213.
And 4, step 4: anchoring of the third segment: extending the secondary grouting sleeve 3 along the pore passage and combining with a third baffle 13 in the foundation support structure, filling the third section with grout, withdrawing the secondary grouting sleeve 3 after the grout is solidified, and applying third pre-tightening force to the anchor cable 14; wherein, during grouting, the grouting is stopped when the piston head in the piston assembly 26 moves to the second limit stop sheet 232.
And 5: anchoring of the fourth segment: installing an anchor rope backing plate 181 at the tail end of an anchor rope 14, placing an anchoring agent into the rear end of a third baffle plate 13 in a basic supporting structure along a pore channel, extending an anchor rod 17 into the foundation supporting structure along the anchor rope backing plate 181, rotationally stirring the anchor rod 17 to enable the end part of the anchor rod 17 to be fully mixed and bonded with the anchoring agent, installing an anchor rod backing plate 183 after the anchoring agent is solidified, filling slurry into a fourth section along the anchor rod 17, and applying fourth pre-tightening force to the anchor rod 17 after the slurry is solidified; the main body supporting structure 1 is finally formed by combining the anchor rods 17 and the anchor cable and anchor rod fixing assemblies 18 with the basic supporting structure.
According to the roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pre-tightening force in a grading manner, the rock mass is divided into four sections according to the spatial difference of the rock mass, different supporting structures and supporting modes are adopted for different sections, so that differentiated supporting of the spatially-different rock mass is achieved, the supporting structure combining anchor rod supporting and anchor rope supporting is adopted in the method, the method combining anchor agent anchoring and grouting anchoring is adopted, the method is more suitable for the construction environment of deep high-stress roadway, and is firmer and more obvious in anchoring effect compared with a common single anchor rod or anchor rope anchoring supporting mode and single anchor agent anchoring or grouting anchoring.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: drilling a hole, and dividing a rock mass into a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section according to the rock mass crushing condition in the hole;
and 2, step: anchoring of the first segment: placing an anchoring agent into a first section, extending a basic supporting structure into the first section along a pore channel, rotating and stirring to enable a stirring anchoring head (15) positioned at the head end of the basic supporting structure to be fully mixed and bonded with the anchoring agent, and applying a first pre-tightening force to the anchor cables (14) after the anchoring agent is solidified, wherein the basic supporting structure comprises a plurality of anchor cables (14) arranged side by side and a first baffle plate (11), a second baffle plate (12) and a third baffle plate (13) which are sequentially arranged on the anchor cables (14) and used for dividing surrounding rocks passing the anchor cables (14) into four sections;
and step 3: anchoring of the second segment: the primary grouting sleeve (2) extends into the foundation support structure along the pore passage and is combined with a second baffle (12) in the foundation support structure, grouting is carried out on a second section, after the grout is solidified, the primary grouting sleeve (2) is withdrawn, and a second pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor cable (14);
and 4, step 4: anchoring of the third segment: the second-stage grouting sleeve (3) extends into the foundation support structure along the pore passage and is combined with a third baffle (13) in the foundation support structure, the third section is filled with grout, after the grout is solidified, the second-stage grouting sleeve (3) is withdrawn, and third pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor cable (14);
and 5: anchoring of the fourth segment: an anchor rope base plate (181) is installed at the tail end of an anchor rope (14), an anchoring agent is placed at the rear end of a third baffle plate (13) in a basic supporting structure along a pore channel, an anchor rod (17) stretches into the foundation supporting structure along the anchor rope base plate (181) and is stirred in a rotating mode, the end portion of the anchor rod (17) is fully mixed and bonded with the anchoring agent, after the anchoring agent is solidified, the anchor rod base plate (183) is installed, grout is filled into a fourth section along the anchor rod (17), and after the grout is solidified, pretightening force is applied to the anchor rod (17).
2. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a graded mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the primary grouting sleeve (2) in the step 3 comprises a first end sleeve (21), a splicing sleeve (22) and a tail sleeve (23) which are sequentially connected, the secondary grouting casing (3) in the step 4 comprises a second end casing (31) and the tail casing (23) in the step 3, the second end sleeve (31) is connected with the end of the tail sleeve (23), the first end sleeve (21), the splicing sleeve (22) and the second end sleeve (31) are all provided with grouting channels (24) communicated with the tail sleeve (23), the tail sleeve (23) is provided with a grouting opening (231), the grouting opening (231) is communicated with the grouting channel (24), the first end sleeve (21) is provided with a first connecting part (211) for connecting the second baffle (12), and a second connecting part (311) used for connecting the third baffle (13) is arranged on the second end sleeve (31).
3. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner according to claim 2, wherein the roadway surrounding rock supporting method comprises the following steps: and the first end sleeve (21), the splicing sleeve (22) and the second end sleeve (31) are respectively provided with a seepage channel (25) communicated with the tail sleeve (23), and a piston assembly (26) for feeding back the grouting condition is arranged in the seepage channel (25).
4. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner according to claim 3, wherein the roadway surrounding rock supporting method comprises the following steps: the one end that is equipped with first connecting portion (211) on first tip sleeve pipe (21) is equipped with to seepage flow channel (25) flow in the bellied first spacing boss (212) of direction, be equipped with in seepage flow channel (25) of first tip sleeve pipe (21) with first spacing boss (212) relative first spacing separation blade (213), be equipped with on first spacing boss (212) with the first boss through-hole (2121) of seepage flow channel (25) intercommunication.
5. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a grading manner according to claim 3, wherein the roadway surrounding rock supporting method comprises the following steps: the one end that is equipped with second connecting portion (311) on second tip sleeve pipe (31) is equipped with to seepage flow channel (25) flow in the bellied spacing boss of second of direction (312), be equipped with spacing separation blade of second (232) in seepage flow channel (25) of afterbody sleeve pipe (23), be equipped with on the spacing boss of second (312) with seepage flow channel (25) intercommunication second boss through-hole (3121).
6. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a graded manner according to claim 2, characterized in that: first connecting portion (211) are including locating the first buckle of first end sleeve pipe (21) surface, second connecting portion (311) are including locating second buckle (3111) and limit baffle (3112) of second end sleeve pipe (31) surface.
7. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a graded mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the slurry filling device is characterized in that a casing connecting groove (121) used for connecting a first-stage grouting casing is formed in the second baffle plate (12), and a plurality of grouting through holes (124) which penetrate through the second baffle plate (12) and are used for allowing slurry to pass through are formed in the casing connecting groove (121).
8. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a graded manner according to claim 7, characterized in that: the second baffle (12) is provided with a clamping groove (122) communicated with the sleeve connecting groove (121), and the side wall of the sleeve connecting groove (121) is provided with a first slide way (123) communicated with the side wall of the clamping groove (122).
9. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a graded mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: be equipped with sleeve pipe through-hole (131) that are used for supplying one-level slip casting sleeve pipe to pass on third baffle (13) to and link up and be used for connecting second grade slip casting sheathed tube card hole (132) with sleeve pipe through-hole (131), be equipped with on sleeve pipe through-hole (131) the lateral wall with card second slide (133) of hole (132) intercommunication.
10. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method capable of applying pretightening force in a graded manner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a plurality of reinforcing sections (16) arranged side by side with the anchor cables (14) are arranged between the second baffle plate (12) and the third baffle plate (13), the number of the anchor cables (14) and the number of the reinforcing sections (16) are four, the anchor cables (14) and the reinforcing sections (16) are arranged at intervals, and each anchor cable (14) is formed by winding four high-strength steel strands.
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| CN113638758A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-12 | 湖南科技大学 | Grouting anchor rod and anchor rope combined type chamber surrounding rock supporting construction |
| CN114934795B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-12-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Similar model test anchor rod capable of self-injecting anchoring agent and applying pretightening force |
| CN117145549B (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-01-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Energy-absorbing anchor rod capable of being used for inclined joint surrounding rock and construction method |
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