CN112080976A

CN112080976A - Highway maintenance method

Info

Publication number: CN112080976A
Application number: CN202010919155.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 付成龙; 姜迪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-04
Filing date: 2020-09-04
Publication date: 2020-12-15

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of expressway maintenance methods, and particularly relates to an expressway maintenance method which comprises S1, laying a cotton felt on a severe overtopping road section, uniformly spraying water on the surface of the cotton felt for cooling, and cooling until the cotton felt is saturated with water; s2, after the asphalt pavement is dried, fixedly installing a spreading device at the front end of the heavy road roller, and then filling crushed stones with different particle size distributions into a storage box at the top layer in the spreading device; the invention can uniformly spray the broken stone on the road surface and screen the broken stone, thereby saving the step of screening the broken stone, not only saving time and labor, but also greatly improving the working efficiency.

Description

Highway maintenance method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of highway maintenance methods, and particularly relates to a highway maintenance method.

Background

"road maintenance" is the maintenance and repair of roads, the maintenance side is focused on the overall maintenance from the building of a traffic vehicle, and the maintenance side is focused on the repair of damaged parts. The road maintenance system is used for maintaining the road in a good state, preventing the use quality of the road from being reduced and providing good service for road users.

After a road is built and communicated with a vehicle, the road is eroded and weathered by natural forces such as rainstorm, flood, sand blown by wind, ice and snow, sunlight, ice melting and the like, and certain defects left in artificial damage and construction, so that the use quality of the road is gradually reduced. Therefore, maintenance and repair measures must be taken after the road is built and the vehicle is communicated, and the road is continuously updated and improved. The damaged part of the road must be repaired in time for road maintenance, otherwise, the investment of repair engineering is increased, the service life of the road is shortened, and the road users are lost. The road maintenance must also take care of emergency services and repairs to keep the road clear. In China and other developing countries, road maintenance needs to locally improve, update and add up roads, structures and facilities along roads with low technical standards so as to improve the traffic capacity and service level of roads.

The problems that often occur with highways with bituminous pavements are: the crack appears, the road surface sinks, road surface pot hole and road surface general oil etc. most spill the big rubble of one deck particle diameter earlier to the processing of road surface general oil among the prior art, adopt heavy road roller to impress, then spill the less rubble of one deck particle diameter, the mode that light-duty road roller impressed again, before spilling the rubble, often need the staff to sieve the rubble earlier, divide into different granularity grades, then with the rubble loading, the vehicle walking that is equipped with the rubble is in the place ahead of road roller, the manual work is spilled the rubble with instrument such as spade, this kind of material scattering mode not only wastes time and energy, the inhomogeneous phenomenon of material scattering still exists simultaneously, and the screening rubble can occupy more time, can produce a large amount of dusts at the rubble screening in-process simultaneously, the polluted environment just causes the harm to staff's health.

In view of the above, the present invention develops a highway maintenance method to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a highway maintenance method, which aims to make up the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that in the prior art, when asphalt pavement flashing treatment is carried out, crushed stone screening needs to be carried out, the time for screening the crushed stone is long, a large amount of dust is generated in the crushed stone screening process, the environment is polluted, the health of workers is damaged, and the crushed stone is sprayed down by using tools such as shovels manually, so that time and labor are wasted.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a highway maintenance method, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, firstly, paving a water-soaked cotton felt on a severe flooding road section, then uniformly spraying water on the surface of the cotton felt through a water pipe for cooling, waiting for 30min after the cotton felt is saturated with water, and then taking down the cotton felt;

s2, after the asphalt pavement is dried, fixedly installing a spreading device at the front end of a heavy road roller, then loading crushed stones with different particle size distributions into a material storage box positioned at the top layer in the spreading device, starting a driving motor positioned at the top layer in the spreading device, and simultaneously starting the heavy road roller, wherein the large-particle-size crushed stones in the crushed stones are uniformly spread on the asphalt pavement by the spreading device and are pressed into a severe asphalt flooding road section by the heavy road roller;

s3, standing for 20-30min after primary rolling is finished, fixing a spreading device at the front end of a light road roller, starting the light road roller and a driving motor at the middle layer of the spreading device, uniformly spreading medium-grain-size crushed stones on an asphalt oil-flooded road surface, and pressing the crushed stones into the asphalt road surface through the light road roller;

s4, standing for 20-30min after the secondary rolling is finished, starting the light road roller again and starting a driving motor positioned at the bottom layer in the spreading device, further uniformly spreading the small-particle-size crushed stone on the asphalt pavement, and pressing the crushed stone into the asphalt pavement through the light road roller for rolling and forming;

s5, after finishing rolling, cleaning redundant broken stones, and opening the vehicle after closing the road for 18-24 hours;

the spreading device in the S2 comprises an outer box body, a storage box, a main screen and a discharging hopper; a material storage box is arranged inside the outer box body; the number of the material storage boxes is three, and three groups of material storage boxes are arranged from top to bottom; the bottom of each storage box is fixedly provided with a discharging pipe; a main screen used for screening broken stones is movably arranged below the material storage box; the number of the main screens is three, and the aperture of each main screen is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the main screen is obliquely arranged, and a straight gear plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main screen; the number of the straight gear plates on one group of the main screen is two, and the bottom ends of the two groups of the straight gear plates are in the same horizontal plane; a fixed rod is inserted into the straight gear plate; the straight gear plate can slide along the central shaft of the fixed rod; secondary screens are fixedly arranged in the accommodating grooves formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface of the main screen through compression springs; striker plates are fixedly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the main screen; a rotating rod is arranged below the main screen; a circular gear is fixedly arranged at the edge of the rotating rod; the circular gear is in meshed transmission with a straight gear plate at the bottom of the main screen; one end of the rotating rod, which is close to the material storage box, is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of a driving motor; a poke rod is fixedly arranged at the edge of the outer side wall of the circular gear close to the material storage box; a swinging rod is movably arranged at the rear part of the poke rod through a torsional spring; one end of the upper surface of the swinging rod, which is far away from the torsion spring, is fixedly connected with one end of the pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the outer side end of the sealing plate by bypassing the threading ring on the upper surface of the mounting rod; the sealing plate is inserted in the blanking pipe; one end of the sealing plate, which is positioned in the blanking pipe, is connected in a rectangular groove in the inner wall of the blanking pipe through a spring; a supporting rod is fixedly arranged inside the blanking pipe and positioned at the bottom of the sealing plate; a discharging hopper is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer box body; the end part of the main screen is inclined downwards to face the blanking hopper; a discharging groove is formed in the bottom of the discharging hopper; a rake toothed plate is fixedly arranged at the position, close to the main screen, of the bottom of the blanking hopper through a joint rod; the bottom of the rake tooth plate is uniformly provided with first rake teeth;

when the material spreading device works, the broken stones can be uniformly spread on the road surface while being screened, so that the step of screening the broken stones can be omitted, time and labor are saved, the working efficiency can be greatly improved, and the material spreading device is more uniform and labor-saving compared with manual material spreading; when the material scattering device is installed at the front end of a heavy road roller, then crushed stones with a certain grading level are placed into the storage box at the top layer, the driving motor at the top layer is started, the driving motor can drive the rotating rod to rotate so as to drive the rotation of the circular gear, the circular gear is meshed with the straight gear plate at the bottom of the main screen for transmission, the circular gear can drive the main screen to swing back and forth along with the back and forth rotation of the driving motor, the crushed stones falling on the surface of the main screen can be screened, the crushed stones with smaller particle sizes after screening fall into the storage box at the next layer, while the driving motor drives the circular gear to swing back and forth, the poking rod positioned on the outer side wall of the circular gear can intermittently poke the end part of the oscillating rod, so as to intermittently press the free end of the oscillating rod downwards, when the end part of the oscillating rod is in a downwards-pressing state, the oscillating rod can pull the outer side end of the sealing plate through, the sealing plate does not seal the blanking pipe any more, the broken stones in the storage box can fall to the upper surface of the main screen mesh through the blanking pipe to be screened, and the secondary screen meshes are arranged in the accommodating grooves in the front side and the rear side of the main screen mesh through springs, so that the end parts of the secondary screen meshes can be always in contact with the inner wall of the material baffle plate, and the broken stones on the main screen mesh can be prevented from scattering from a gap between the main screen mesh and the material baffle plate while the main screen mesh moves back and forth; the large-particle-size crushed stones falling from the material storage tank at the top layer can roll down along the main screen and are discharged from the discharge hopper at the bottom of the outer box body for paving the road surface, the crushed stone with smaller particle size enters the interior of the storage box at the middle layer through the main screen and the secondary screen, when the next paving is needed, the driving motor at the middle layer is started, the driving motor drives the main screen at the middle layer to swing, then large particles in the broken stones falling from the storage box at the middle layer roll down through the main screen, and smaller broken stones enter the storage box at the bottom layer through the main screen, when the driving motor positioned at the bottom layer is started, the broken stones in the material storage box at the bottom layer slide downwards to the inside of the blanking hopper under the swinging of the main screen at the bottom layer and are discharged through the blanking groove at the bottom of the blanking hopper, and ash, soil and the like in the broken stones are screened and fall at the bottom of the outer box body; the crushed stones flowing out of the blanking groove at the bottom of the blanking hopper can be dispersed more uniformly under the action of the first rake teeth.

Preferably, movable plates are respectively arranged above the rake tooth plates and positioned at the left side and the right side of the first rake teeth; the bottoms of the movable plates are fixedly connected with the top ends of the second rake teeth, and the bottom ends of the second rake teeth penetrate through the through holes in the rake tooth plate; the bottom of the other group of the movable plates is fixedly connected with the top end of the third rake teeth, and the bottom ends of the third rake teeth penetrate through holes in the rake tooth plates; the top end of the movable plate is fixedly connected with one end of a spring, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of a fixed plate, and the fixed plate is connected to the bottom of the discharging hopper through a section rod; the top of the movable plate is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope bypasses the top edge of the fixed plate and is fixedly connected with the edge of the winding rod; the winding rod penetrates through a winding groove on the upper surface of the rake tooth plate; the front end of the winding rod is inserted into a rectangular cavity on the Z-shaped handle; a rectangular sliding block is fixedly arranged at the end part of the winding rod; the rectangular sliding block is mutually connected with the rectangular cavity in a sliding manner; a lug is fixedly arranged on the edge of one end of the Z-shaped handle close to the winding rod; the inserting columns arranged on the inner side walls of the convex blocks are inserted into the inserting holes in the front side face of the rake toothed plate; when the scraper chain scraper is in work, when the driving motor positioned at the top layer is in a work state, all the crushed stones flowing out of the blanking groove at the bottom of the blanking hopper are large-particle-size crushed stones, at the moment, the first rake teeth positioned at the bottom of the rake teeth plate can rake the crushed stones uniformly, when the driving motor positioned at the middle layer in the outer box body is in a work state, the crushed stones falling through the blanking groove at the bottom of the blanking hopper are small in particle size, at the moment, the second rake teeth can be put down, further, a gap between the first rake teeth and the second rake teeth can be used for passing the crushed stones with small particle size, when the driving motor positioned at the bottom layer is in a work state, the third rake teeth can be put down, at the moment, the gap formed among the first rake teeth, the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth can be used for raking the crushed stones with smaller particle size uniformly, and the folding and unfolding of the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth can be realized; when the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth are in a non-use state, the tail ends of the pull ropes fixedly connected with the tops of the movable plates are wound on the wire winding rods, the inserting columns at the ends of the Z-shaped handles are inserted into the inserting holes in the front ends of the rake tooth plates, the positions of the wire winding rods can be fixed, when the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth are required to be put down, the Z-shaped handles can be pulled out outwards, the inserting columns are separated from the inserting holes in the front side ends of the rake tooth plates, the pull ropes can be released automatically at the moment, and the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth can move downwards under the action force of the springs fixedly connected with the movable plates and are located in the same horizontal plane with the bottom ends of the first rake teeth.

Preferably, rectangular empty grooves are uniformly formed in the wall of the rake toothed plate and positioned at the edge of the winding rod; the bottom of the rectangular empty groove is fixedly provided with a rectangular piston plate through a spring; a rubber roller is fixedly arranged at the outer side end of the rectangular piston plate through a joint rod; the bottom ends of the rectangular empty grooves are communicated with each other through an annular air cavity in the rake toothed plate, and the annular air cavity is communicated with the bottom of the spring compression pipe through a connecting hose; the bottom end and the top end of the spring compression pipe are respectively and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable plate and the bottom of the fixed plate; when the winding device works, when the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth are not used, the winding rod can be driven to rotate through the Z-shaped handle, the pulling rope fixedly connected with the movable plate is wound to drive the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth to move upwards, the movable plate fixedly connected with the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth can press the spring compression pipe fixedly connected with the movable plate while moving upwards, gas in the spring compression pipe can gradually enter the rectangular hollow groove to push the rectangular piston plate to move towards the port of the rectangular hollow groove, so that the rubber roller presses the edge of the winding rod, the pressing force of the rubber roller on the winding rod can prevent the winding rod from moving backwards due to the fact that the pulling rope is separated from the recovery coil in the later winding period and the manual force is not good to control, and when the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth are required to be put down, the pressing force of the rubber roller on the winding rod acts on the winding rod in the former period, make the speed of wire winding pole gyration slower, prevent that the wire winding pole from gyration under the winding effect of stay cord at the excessive speed and cause the damage to operating personnel.

Preferably, the second rake teeth are used for filling gaps between the first rake teeth, the third rake teeth are used for filling gaps between the first rake teeth and the second rake teeth, and the bottoms of the first rake teeth, the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth are provided with movable teeth through rubber pads; when the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth are in a suspended state, gaps between the first rake teeth are used for enabling large-particle-size crushed stones to pass through and uniformly raking the crushed stones, when the second rake teeth are put down, the second rake teeth are filled in the gaps between the first rake teeth, the gaps between the first rake teeth and the second rake teeth can be used for uniformly raking the crushed stones with smaller particle sizes, when the third rake teeth are put down, the third rake teeth are filled in the gaps between the first rake teeth and the second rake teeth, the crushed stones with smaller particle sizes are further uniformly raked, and the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth can play a role of adjusting the gaps between the first rake teeth and can be used for uniformly raking the crushed stones with different particle sizes; the bottom of first rake tooth, second rake tooth and third rake tooth all is equipped with the movable tooth through the rubber pad, and the elasticity of multiplicable first rake tooth, second rake tooth and third rake tooth and then can dodge comparatively stereoplasm, perhaps the great barrier of weight.

Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly arranged between the two groups of circular gears on the rotating rod; a beating ball is fixedly arranged at the end part of the connecting rod through a spring; during operation, drive the dwang pivoted in-process at driving motor, beat the ball and will hammer the bottom at main screen cloth outwards under the effect of centrifugal force, and then make main screen cloth take place vibrations, the screening and the whereabouts of the rubble of being convenient for.

Preferably, the inner wall of the discharging hopper, which is close to the main screen, is movably provided with a buffer plate through a torsion spring, and the free end of the buffer plate is not contacted with the bottom of the discharging hopper when the buffer plate is not subjected to external force; the during operation, the rubble that falls from the main screen cloth landing on different planes will pound the surface that falls on the buffer board, because the buffer board passes through the torsional spring activity and articulates the inner wall at hopper down, and then the buffer board can play the effect of buffering the rubble, prevents on the one hand that the rubble whereabouts produces great noise, and on the other hand can prevent that the rubble from being collided the bits of broken glass when the whereabouts.

Preferably, when a compression spring fixedly connected with the secondary screen is in a natural extension state, the outer side end of the secondary screen is in contact with the inner wall of the striker plate; during operation, the secondary screen mesh is pressed on the inner wall of the material baffle plate all the time under the action force of the spring fixedly connected with the secondary screen mesh, so that the gap between the main screen mesh and the material baffle plate can be filled all the time, and broken stones are prevented from falling from the gap between the main screen mesh and the material baffle plate.

Preferably, the end part of the main screen is designed into an arc shape, and the arc-shaped tip of the main screen points to the port of the discharging hopper; during operation, the end part of the main screen is designed in an arc shape, so that the broken stone can slide off more conveniently.

Preferably, when the spring for connecting between the movable plate and the fixed plate is in a natural extension state, the bottom ends of the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth are in the same horizontal plane as the bottom end of the first rake teeth.

Preferably, the section of the storage box is of an inverted right-angled trapezoid structure, and the inclined surface of the storage box is positioned close to the tail end of the main screen; during operation, the broken stones falling down through the storage box on the upper layer can partially roll down to the discharging pipe at the bottom of the storage box through the inclined plane on the storage box, so that discharging is facilitated.

Preferably, in the rotating process of the rotating rod, the beaten ball is contacted with the bottom of the main screen; during operation, when the dwang rotated, thereby beat the ball striking and make main screen cloth take place to vibrate in the bottom of main screen cloth, and then the screening of the rubble of being convenient for, and the rubble of being convenient for rolls down along the surface of main screen cloth.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention relates to a method for maintaining a highway, which classifies crushed stones in a certain gradation according to large, medium and small particle sizes, paves the crushed stones with large particle sizes firstly, presses the crushed stones into an asphalt pavement, paves the crushed stones with smaller particle sizes, presses the crushed stones into the asphalt pavement, paves the crushed stones with small particle sizes finally, and presses the crushed stones into the asphalt pavement, and the crushed stones are classified and pressed into the asphalt pavement, so that the crushed stones with large particle sizes play a role of supporting a pavement foundation, and the crushed stones with small particle sizes are filled in the framework supported by the crushed stones with large particle sizes, thereby enabling the roadbed to be more compact and stable; meanwhile, the broken stone can be uniformly sprayed on the road surface and screened, so that the step of screening the broken stone can be omitted, time and labor are saved, the working efficiency can be greatly improved, and the spreading device is more uniform and labor-saving compared with manual spreading.

2. According to the highway maintenance method, the crushed stones can be uniformly raked through the first rake teeth, and the distance between the first rake teeth can be adjusted through the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth; when the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth are retracted, the rotation and the front-back movement of the Z-shaped handle can be realized; when the second rake teeth and the third rake teeth are in a non-use state, the tail ends of the pull ropes fixedly connected with the tops of the movable plates are wound on the wire winding rods, the inserting columns at the ends of the Z-shaped handles are inserted into the inserting holes in the front ends of the rake tooth plates, the positions of the wire winding rods can be fixed, when the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth are required to be put down, the Z-shaped handles can be pulled out outwards, the inserting columns are separated from the inserting holes in the front side ends of the rake tooth plates, the pull ropes can be released automatically at the moment, and the second rake teeth or the third rake teeth can move downwards under the action force of the springs fixedly connected with the movable plates and are located in the same horizontal plane with the bottom ends of the first rake teeth.

3. According to the expressway maintenance method, the hammering balls are arranged at the edge of the rotating rod, and the hammering balls are hammered outwards at the bottom of the main screen under the action of centrifugal force in the process that the rotating rod is driven by the driving motor to rotate, so that the main screen vibrates, and crushed stones can be conveniently screened and fall.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the steps of the highway maintenance method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spreading device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the scattering device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at D in FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the winding rod and the Z-shaped handle of the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises an outer box body 1, a material storage box 2, a material baffle plate 3, a straight gear plate 4, a swing rod 5, a swing rod 6, a circular gear 7, a fixed rod 8, a main screen 9, a secondary screen 10, a sealing plate 11, a discharging hopper 12, a first rake tooth 13, a movable tooth 14, a buffer plate 15, a Z-shaped handle 16, a spring compression pipe 17, a rotating rod 18, a mounting rod 19, a threading ring 20, a connecting rod 21, a hammering ball 22, a rake tooth plate 23, a movable plate 24, a bump 25, a splicing column 26, a rectangular groove 27, a supporting rod 28, a winding rod 29, a rectangular empty groove 30, a rectangular piston plate 31, a rubber roller 32, an annular air cavity 33, a discharging pipe 34, a rectangular sliding block 35, a rectangular cavity 36, a second rake tooth 37 and a third rake tooth 38.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the method for maintaining a highway according to the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

s2, after the asphalt pavement is dried, fixedly installing a spreading device at the front end of a heavy road roller, then filling crushed stones with different particle size distributions into a material storage box 2 positioned at the top layer in the spreading device, starting a driving motor positioned at the top layer in the spreading device, starting the heavy road roller at the same time, uniformly spreading the crushed stones with large particle sizes in the crushed stones on the asphalt pavement by the spreading device, and pressing the crushed stones into a section with severe asphalt flooding oil through the heavy road roller;

the spreading device in the S2 comprises an outer box 1, a storage box 2, a main screen 9 and a discharging hopper 12; a material storage box 2 is arranged inside the outer box body 1; the number of the material storage boxes 2 is three, and three groups of material storage boxes 2 are arranged from top to bottom; the bottom of the material storage box 2 is fixedly provided with a blanking pipe 34; a main screen 9 for screening broken stones is movably arranged below the material storage box 2; the number of the main screens 9 is three, and the aperture of each main screen 9 is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the main screen 9 is obliquely arranged, and a straight gear plate 4 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main screen 9; the number of the straight gear plates 4 on one group of the main screen 9 is two, and the bottom ends of the two groups of the straight gear plates 4 are in the same horizontal plane; a fixing rod 8 is inserted into the straight gear plate 4; the straight gear plate 4 can slide along the central shaft of the fixing rod 8; a secondary screen 10 is fixedly arranged in the accommodating grooves formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface of the main screen 9 through compression springs; the front side and the rear side of the main screen 9 are fixedly provided with striker plates 3; a rotating rod 18 is arranged below the main screen 9; a circular gear 7 is fixedly arranged at the edge of the rotating rod 18; the circular gear 7 is in meshed transmission with a straight gear plate 4 at the bottom of the main screen 9; one end of the rotating rod 18 close to the material storage box 2 is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of a driving motor; a poke rod 5 is fixedly arranged on the edge of the outer side wall of the circular gear 7 close to the material storage box 2; a swinging rod 6 is movably arranged at the rear part of the poke rod 5 through a torsional spring; one end of the upper surface of the swinging rod 6, which is far away from the torsion spring, is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the outer side end of the sealing plate 11 by bypassing the threading ring 20 on the upper surface of the mounting rod 19; the sealing plate 11 is inserted in the blanking pipe 34; one end of the sealing plate 11, which is positioned in the blanking pipe 34, is connected in the rectangular groove 27 on the inner wall of the blanking pipe 34 through a spring; a support rod 28 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sealing plate 11 in the blanking pipe 34; a discharging hopper 12 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer box body 1; the end of the main screen 9 is inclined downwards towards the lower hopper 12; a blanking groove is formed at the bottom of the blanking hopper 12; a rake toothed plate 23 is fixedly arranged at the position, close to the main screen 9, of the bottom of the discharging hopper 12 through a joint rod; the bottom of the rake tooth plate 23 is uniformly provided with first rake teeth 13;

when the material spreading device works, the broken stones can be uniformly spread on the road surface while being screened, so that the step of screening the broken stones can be omitted, time and labor are saved, the working efficiency can be greatly improved, and the material spreading device is more uniform and labor-saving compared with manual material spreading; during the concrete operation, firstly, the spreading device is installed at the front end of a heavy road roller, then, gravels with a certain gradation level are placed in the storage box 2 at the top layer, a driving motor at the top layer is started, the driving motor can drive a rotating rod 18 to rotate so as to drive a circular gear 7 to rotate, the circular gear 7 and a straight gear plate 4 at the bottom of a main screen 9 are in meshed transmission, the circular gear 7 and the straight gear plate 4 at the bottom of the main screen 9 can drive the main screen 9 to swing back and forth along with the back and forth rotation of the driving motor, further, gravels falling on the surface of the main screen 9 can be screened, the gravels with smaller particle size after screening fall into the storage box 2 at the next layer, when the driving motor drives the circular gear 7 to swing back and forth, a poking rod 5 at the outer side wall of the circular gear 7 can intermittently poke the end part of a swinging rod 6, further, the free end of the swinging rod 6 is intermittently pressed, at the moment, the swinging rod 6 pulls the outer side end of the sealing plate 11 through the pull rope, so that the sealing plate 11 does not seal the blanking pipe 34 any more, and at the moment, gravels positioned in the storage box 2 fall to the upper surface of the main screen 9 through the blanking pipe 34 to be screened, and because the secondary screens 10 are arranged in the storage grooves at the front side and the rear side of the main screen 9 through springs, the end parts of the secondary screens 10 can be always in contact with the inner wall of the striker plate 3, so that the gravels positioned on the main screen 9 can be prevented from scattering from a gap between the main screen 9 and the striker plate 3 while the main screen 9 moves back and forth; the crushed stones with large particle size falling from the material storage box 2 at the top layer can roll down along the main screen 9 and can be discharged from the discharging hopper 12 at the bottom of the outer box body 1 for paving, the crushed stones with smaller particle size can enter the inner part of the material storage box 2 at the middle layer through the main screen 9 and the secondary screen 10, when next paving is needed, the driving motor at the middle layer is started, the driving motor drives the main screen 9 at the middle layer to swing, then large particles in the crushed stones falling from the material storage box 2 at the middle layer can roll down through the main screen 9, the smaller crushed stones can enter the material storage box 2 at the bottom layer through the main screen 9, when the driving motor at the bottom layer is started, the crushed stones in the material storage box 2 at the bottom layer can slide down to the inner part of the discharging hopper 12 under the swing of the main screen 9 at the bottom layer and can be discharged through the discharging groove at the bottom of the discharging hopper 12, ash content in the crushed stones, Soil and the like will be screened down to the bottom of the outer box 1; the crushed stone flowing out of the chute at the bottom of the lower hopper 12 will be dispersed more evenly under the force of the first rabble teeth 13.

As an embodiment of the present invention, movable plates 24 are respectively disposed above the rake teeth plate 23 and on the left and right sides of the first rake teeth 13; the bottoms of the group of movable plates 24 are fixedly connected with the top ends of the second rake teeth 37, and the bottom ends of the second rake teeth 37 penetrate through holes on the rake tooth plate 23; the bottom of the other set of the movable plates 24 is fixedly connected with the top end of the third rake teeth 38, and the bottom end of the third rake teeth 38 passes through the through hole on the rake tooth plate 23; the top end of the movable plate 24 is fixedly connected with one end of a spring, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of a fixed plate, and the fixed plate is connected to the bottom of the discharging hopper 12 through a section rod; the top of the movable plate 24 is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope bypasses the top edge of the fixed plate and is fixedly connected with the edge of the winding rod 29; the winding rod 29 penetrates through a winding groove on the upper surface of the rake tooth plate 23; the front end of the winding rod 29 is inserted into a rectangular cavity 36 on the Z-shaped handle 16; a rectangular sliding block 35 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the winding rod 29; the rectangular sliding block 35 is mutually connected with the rectangular cavity 36 in a sliding way; a lug 25 is fixedly arranged on the edge of one end of the Z-shaped handle 16 close to the winding rod 29; the inserting column 26 arranged on the inner side wall of the convex block 25 is inserted into the inserting hole on the front side surface of the rake tooth plate 23; when the scraper is in operation, when the driving motor at the top layer is in operation, the crushed stones with large particle size flow out of the discharge chute at the bottom of the discharge hopper 12, the first rake teeth 13 at the bottom of the rake toothed plate 23 can rake the crushed stones uniformly, when the driving motor in the middle layer in the outer box 1 is in working state, the broken stone dropped from the blanking groove at the bottom of the blanking hopper 12 is in smaller particle size, the second rake teeth 37 can be lowered, and the gap between the first tine 13 and the second tine 37 may be used to pass crushed stone of a smaller particle size, when the driving motor at the bottom layer is in a working state, the third rake teeth 38 can be put down, and the gaps formed among the first rake teeth 13, the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 can be used for uniformly raking the crushed stones with smaller grain sizes, the retraction and the extension of the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 can be realized through the rotation and the back-and-forth movement of the Z-shaped handle 16; when the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 are in the non-use state, the end of the pulling rope fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate 24 is wound on the winding rod 29, and the inserting column 26 at the end of the Z-shaped handle 16 is inserted into the inserting hole at the front end of the rake teeth plate 23, so that the position of the winding rod 29 can be fixed, and when the second rake teeth 37 or the third rake teeth 38 need to be put down, the Z-shaped handle 16 can be pulled out to the outside, so that the inserting column 26 is separated from the inserting hole at the front end of the rake teeth plate 23, at this time, the pulling rope will be released by itself, and the second rake teeth 37 or the third rake teeth 38 will move downward under the action of the spring fixedly connected to the movable plate 24 and be in the same horizontal plane with the bottom end of the first rake teeth 13.

As an embodiment of the present invention, rectangular empty slots 30 are uniformly formed in the wall of the rake tooth plate 23 at the edge of the winding rod 29; the bottom of the rectangular empty groove 30 is fixedly provided with a rectangular piston plate 31 through a spring; a rubber roller 32 is fixedly arranged at the outer side end of the rectangular piston plate 31 through a joint rod; the bottom ends of the rectangular empty grooves 30 are communicated with each other through annular air cavities 33 in the rake tooth plates 23, and the annular air cavities 33 are communicated with the bottoms of the spring compression pipes 17 through connecting hoses; the bottom end and the top end of the spring compression pipe 17 are respectively and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable plate 24 and the bottom of the fixed plate; in operation, when the second rake teeth 37 or the third rake teeth 38 are not used, the winding rod 29 can be driven to rotate by the Z-shaped handle 16, and then the pulling rope fixedly connected with the movable plate 24 is wound to drive the second rake teeth 37 or the third rake teeth 38 to move upwards, the movable plate 24 fixedly connected with the second rake teeth 37 or the third rake teeth 38 will press the spring compression pipe 17 fixedly connected therewith while moving upwards, the gas in the spring compression pipe 17 will gradually enter the inside of the rectangular hollow groove 30 to push the rectangular piston plate 31 to move towards the port of the rectangular hollow groove 30, so that the rubber roller 32 presses the edge of the winding rod 29, the pressing force of the rubber roller 32 on the winding rod 29 can prevent the winding rod 29 from moving backwards due to the larger distance from the pulling rope to the recovery roll in the later winding period and the manual force is not good for controlling, and when the second rake teeth 37 or the third rake teeth 38 need to be put down, in the early stage, the pressing force of the rubber roller 32 on the winding rod 29 acts, so that the rotation speed of the winding rod 29 is low, and the winding rod 29 is prevented from rotating too fast under the winding force of the pull rope to cause damage to an operator.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the second rake teeth 37 are used for filling the gap between the first rake teeth 13, the third rake teeth 38 are used for filling the gap between the first rake teeth 13 and the second rake teeth 37, and the bottom of each of the first rake teeth 13, the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 is provided with the movable teeth 14 through rubber pads; in operation, when the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 are both in a suspended state, gaps between the first rake teeth 13 are used for passing crushed stones with large particle sizes and uniformly raking the crushed stones, when the second rake teeth 37 are placed, the second rake teeth 37 are filled in the gaps between the first rake teeth 13, the gaps between the first rake teeth 13 and the second rake teeth 37 can be used for uniformly raking the crushed stones with smaller particle sizes, when the third rake teeth 38 are placed, the third rake teeth 38 are filled in the gaps between the first rake teeth 13 and the second rake teeth 37, so as to rake the crushed stones with smaller particle sizes, and the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 can play a role of adjusting the gaps between the first rake teeth 13, so as to rake the crushed stones with different particle sizes; the movable teeth 14 are arranged at the bottoms of the first rake teeth 13, the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 through rubber pads, so that the elasticity of the first rake teeth 13, the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 can be increased, and hard obstacles or obstacles with heavy weight can be avoided.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a connecting rod 21 is fixedly arranged on the rotating rod 18 between the two sets of circular gears 7; the end part of the connecting rod 21 is fixedly provided with a beating ball 22 through a spring; during operation, in the process that the rotating rod 18 is driven by the driving motor to rotate, the beating ball 22 is hammered outwards at the bottom of the main screen 9 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the main screen 9 vibrates, and crushed stones can be conveniently screened and fall off.

As an embodiment of the invention, a buffer plate 15 is movably arranged on the inner wall of the blanking hopper 12 close to the main screen 9 through a torsion spring, and the free end of the buffer plate 15 is not in contact with the bottom of the blanking hopper 12 when no external force is applied; the during operation, the rubble that falls from the main screen cloth 9 landing on different planes will pound the surface that falls on buffer board 15, because buffer board 15 articulates the inner wall at hopper 12 down through the torsional spring activity, and then buffer board 15 can play the effect of carrying out the buffering to the rubble, prevents on the one hand that the rubble whereabouts from producing great noise, and on the other hand can prevent that the rubble from being collided the bits of broken glass when the whereabouts.

As an embodiment of the present invention, when the compression spring fixedly connected to the secondary screen 10 is in a natural extension state, the outer side end of the secondary screen 10 is in contact with the inner wall of the striker plate 3; during operation, the secondary screen 10 is pressed on the inner wall of the striker plate 3 all the time under the action force of the spring fixedly connected with the secondary screen, so that the gap between the main screen 9 and the striker plate 3 can be filled all the time, and broken stones are prevented from falling from the gap between the main screen 9 and the striker plate 3.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the end of the main screen 9 is designed to be arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped tip of the main screen 9 points to the port of the lower hopper 12; during operation, the end part of the main screen 9 is designed to be arc-shaped, so that the broken stones can slide off more conveniently.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the spring connecting the movable plate 24 and the fixed plate is in a natural extension state, the bottom ends of the second rake teeth 37 and the third rake teeth 38 are at the same level as the bottom end of the first rake teeth 13.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the storage tank 2 is an inverted right trapezoid structure, and the inclined surface of the storage tank 2 is located near the end of the main screen 9; during operation, the broken stones falling down from the storage box 2 on the upper layer can partially roll into the discharging pipe 34 at the bottom of the storage box 2 through the inclined plane on the storage box 2, so that discharging is facilitated.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the rotating rod 18 rotates, and the hammering balls 22 contact with the bottom of the main screen 9; during operation, when dwang 18 rotated, thereby beat ball 22 striking make main screen cloth 9 vibrate in the bottom of main screen cloth 9, and then the screening of the rubble of being convenient for, and the rubble of being convenient for rolls down along the surface of main screen cloth 9.

The specific working process is as follows:

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A highway maintenance method is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s2, after the asphalt pavement is dried, fixedly installing a spreading device at the front end of a heavy road roller, then filling crushed stones with different particle size distributions into a material storage box (2) positioned at the top layer in the spreading device, starting a driving motor positioned at the top layer in the spreading device, starting the heavy road roller, uniformly spreading the crushed stones with large particle sizes in the crushed stones on the asphalt pavement by the spreading device, and pressing the crushed stones into an asphalt flooding severe road section by the heavy road roller;

the spreading device in the S2 comprises an outer box body (1), a storage box (2), a main screen (9) and a discharging hopper (12); a storage box (2) is arranged inside the outer box body (1); the number of the material storage boxes (2) is three, and three groups of material storage boxes (2) are arranged from top to bottom; the bottom of each storage box (2) is fixedly provided with a blanking pipe (34); a main screen (9) for screening broken stones is movably arranged below the material storage box (2); the number of the main screens (9) is three, and the aperture of each main screen (9) is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the main screen (9) is obliquely arranged, and a straight gear plate (4) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main screen (9); the number of the straight gear plates (4) on one group of the main screen (9) is two, and the bottom ends of the two groups of the straight gear plates (4) are in the same horizontal plane; a fixed rod (8) is inserted into the straight gear plate (4); the straight gear plate (4) can slide along the central shaft of the fixing rod (8); a secondary screen (10) is fixedly arranged in the accommodating grooves formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface of the main screen (9) through compression springs; the front side and the rear side of the main screen (9) are fixedly provided with striker plates (3); a rotating rod (18) is arranged below the main screen (9); a circular gear (7) is fixedly arranged at the edge of the rotating rod (18); the circular gear (7) is in meshed transmission with a straight gear plate (4) at the bottom of the main screen (9); one end of the rotating rod (18) close to the material storage box (2) is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of a driving motor; a poke rod (5) is fixedly arranged at the edge of the outer side wall of the circular gear (7) close to the material storage box (2); a swinging rod (6) is movably arranged at the rear part of the poke rod (5) through a torsion spring; one end, far away from the torsion spring, of the upper surface of the swinging rod (6) is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the outer side end of the sealing plate (11) by bypassing a threading ring (20) on the upper surface of the mounting rod (19); the sealing plate (11) is inserted in the blanking pipe (34); one end of the sealing plate (11) positioned in the blanking pipe (34) is connected in a rectangular groove (27) on the inner wall of the blanking pipe (34) through a spring; a support rod (28) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sealing plate (11) in the blanking pipe (34); a blanking hopper (12) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer box body (1); the end part of the main screen (9) is inclined downwards to a lower hopper (12); a blanking groove is formed in the bottom of the blanking hopper (12); a rake toothed plate (23) is fixedly arranged at the position, close to the main screen (9), of the bottom of the discharging hopper (12) through a joint rod; the bottom of the rake tooth plate (23) is uniformly provided with first rake teeth (13).

2. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: movable plates (24) are respectively arranged above the rake toothed plate (23) and positioned at the left side and the right side of the first rake teeth (13); the bottoms of the movable plates (24) are fixedly connected with the top ends of the second rake teeth (37), and the bottom ends of the second rake teeth (37) penetrate through holes in the rake toothed plate (23); the bottom of the other group of the movable plates (24) is fixedly connected with the top end of the third rake teeth (38), and the bottom ends of the third rake teeth (38) penetrate through holes in the rake toothed plate (23); the top end of the movable plate (24) is fixedly connected with one end of a spring, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, and the fixed plate is connected to the bottom of the discharging hopper (12) through a joint rod; the top of the movable plate (24) is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope bypasses the top edge of the fixed plate and is fixedly connected with the edge of the winding rod (29); the winding rod (29) penetrates through a winding groove on the upper surface of the rake toothed plate (23); the front end of the winding rod (29) is inserted in a rectangular cavity (36) on the Z-shaped handle (16); a rectangular sliding block (35) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the winding rod (29); the rectangular sliding block (35) is mutually connected with the rectangular cavity (36) in a sliding way; a lug (25) is fixedly arranged on the edge of one end, close to the winding rod (29), of the Z-shaped handle (16); the inserting columns (26) arranged on the inner side walls of the convex blocks (25) are inserted into the inserting holes in the front side face of the rake toothed plate (23).

3. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 2, wherein: rectangular empty grooves (30) are uniformly formed in the wall of the rake toothed plate (23) and positioned at the edge of the wire winding rod (29); the bottom of the rectangular empty groove (30) is fixedly provided with a rectangular piston plate (31) through a spring; a rubber roller (32) is fixedly arranged at the outer side end of the rectangular piston plate (31) through a joint rod; the bottom ends of the rectangular empty grooves (30) are communicated with each other through annular air cavities (33) in the rake toothed plates (23), and the annular air cavities (33) are communicated with the bottoms of the spring compression pipes (17) through connecting hoses; the bottom end and the top end of the spring compression pipe (17) are respectively and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable plate (24) and the bottom of the fixed plate.

4. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 2, wherein: the second rake teeth (37) are used for filling gaps between the first rake teeth (13), the third rake teeth (38) are used for filling gaps between the first rake teeth (13) and the second rake teeth (37), and movable teeth (14) are arranged at the bottoms of the first rake teeth (13), the second rake teeth (37) and the third rake teeth (38) through rubber pads.

5. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: a connecting rod (21) is fixedly arranged between the two groups of circular gears (7) on the rotating rod (18); the end part of the connecting rod (21) is fixedly provided with a beating ball (22) through a spring.

6. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the discharging hopper (12) close to the main screen (9) is movably provided with a buffer plate (15) through a torsion spring, and the free end of the buffer plate (15) is not contacted with the bottom of the discharging hopper (12) when the buffer plate is not subjected to external force.

7. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: and when a compression spring fixedly connected with the secondary screen (10) is in a natural extension state, the outer side end of the secondary screen (10) is contacted with the inner wall of the striker plate (3).

8. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: the end part of the main screen (9) is designed to be arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped tip end of the main screen (9) points to the port of the discharging hopper (12).

9. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: when the spring for connecting the movable plate (24) and the fixed plate is in a natural extension state, the bottom ends of the second rake tooth (37) and the third rake tooth (38) are in the same horizontal plane with the bottom end of the first rake tooth (13).

10. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the material storage box (2) is of an inverted right-angle trapezoidal structure, and the inclined surface of the material storage box (2) is located at a position close to the tail end of the main screen (9).

11. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: and in the rotating process of the rotating rod (18), the hammering balls (22) are in contact with the bottom of the main screen (9).