CN112076733A - 一种杀菌消毒的空气过滤材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种杀菌消毒的空气过滤材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112076733A
CN112076733A CN202010762360.0A CN202010762360A CN112076733A CN 112076733 A CN112076733 A CN 112076733A CN 202010762360 A CN202010762360 A CN 202010762360A CN 112076733 A CN112076733 A CN 112076733A
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parts
air
adsorption
filtering material
chloride
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黄棉棉
祁建伟
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Taicang Zhifilter New Material Co ltd
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Taicang Zhifilter New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种杀菌消毒的空气过滤材料及其制备方法，本发明的空气过滤材料，按重量份计，包括如下组分：高猛酸钠100‑120份、聚丙烯纤维10‑20份、1,3,7,9‑四甲基尿酸2‑3份、聚氧乙烯醚5‑7份、纳米氧化锌6‑8份、聚合氯化铝3‑5份、羟磷灰石5‑8份、碳分子筛7‑8份、毛竹6‑7份、硝酸银3‑5份、氯化铜3‑5份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵3‑7份、2,4‑己二烯酸钾2‑3份、吸附助剂3‑5份、甲醇10‑20份。本发明的具有杀菌作用的干式氧化化学过滤材料所制备的过滤产品，在额定风量下，对于≥0.5um的粒子，过滤效率均≥99.99％，初阻力均≤210Pa，因此，本发明提供的具有杀菌作用的干式氧化化学过滤材料，具有良好的过滤效果和透气性。

Description

一种杀菌消毒的空气过滤材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种杀菌消毒的空气过滤材料及其制备方法，属于过滤材料技术领域。
背景技术
随着社会的迅猛发展，现在环境大气污染十分严重，工业废气、汽车尾气、雾霾天气等给人们的身体带来了极大的危害，严重困扰着人类的生活，人们对空气的清新程度有了新的认知，对空气净化能力有了更高的要求。空气吸附过滤材料能将空气的各种有害颗粒物吸附过滤，防止进入人们的生活环境或工作环境，减少人体肺部对颗粒物等有害物质的吸入，提高人们的生活质量，减少疾病的发生。现有过滤材料主要有蜂窝陶瓷、滤纸、活性炭、钢丝网等。
而目前一般工业生产的夹持活性炭无纺布过滤材料大都吸附率比较低，只能去除有机性气体，如甲苯等，无法有效地吸附酸性或碱性或复合型挥发性有害气体，或部分被吸附的臭气仍停留在活性炭空穴内，即使一段时间后会再脱离出来，也不能被去除，所以一般的过滤材料对于空气中臭气的去除率也不高。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明采用高比表面积干式化学滤料具有多孔结构，能吸附脱附氧化各种有机物和无机物，具有吸附脱附氧化容量大、吸附速度快，杀菌抑菌效果好的特点，是一种优质的高效吸附脱附剂。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种杀菌消毒的空气过滤材料，按重量份计，包括如下组分：高猛酸钠100-120份、聚丙烯纤维10-20份、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸2-3份、聚氧乙烯醚5-7份、纳米氧化锌6-8份、聚合氯化铝3-5份、羟磷灰石5-8份、碳分子筛7-8份、毛竹6-7份、硝酸银3-5份、氯化铜3-5份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵3-7份、2,4-己二烯酸钾2-3份、吸附助剂3-5份、甲醇10-20份。
进一步地，所述的吸附助剂，按重量份计，由以下组分制备得到：麦饭石2-4份、五氧化二磷3-5份、海绵铁6-7份、硅胶2-5份、壳聚糖2-3份、硅藻土6-8份、海藻泥7-9份和水10-20份。
进一步地，所述的高猛酸钠的粒径为50-80目。
进一步地，所述的吸附助剂通过如下方法制备得到：将麦饭石、五氧化二磷、海绵铁、硅胶、壳聚糖和硅藻土粉碎，过50-80目筛，然后加入海藻泥和水搅拌均匀，形成泥状物，碳化后粉碎得到。
进一步地，所述的碳化是将所述泥状物放入250-450℃的炭化炉中炭化2-3h。
进一步地，所述的吸附助剂粉碎成60-80目粉末。
进一步地，所述的吸附助剂粉碎后还包括喷雾干燥处理。
本发明的第二个目的是提供所述的空气过滤材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备混合浆料：将碳分子筛和毛竹粉碎，加入纳米氧化锌、聚合氯化铝、羟磷灰石、2,4-己二烯酸钾和吸附助剂并混合均匀，边搅拌边加入甲醇、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和水，加热混匀后得到混合浆料；
(2)混合活化：将高锰酸钠研磨过筛，再与混合浆料、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸、聚氧乙烯醚和聚丙烯纤维混合均匀，然后在400-600℃下活化1-2h，得到所述的空气过滤材料。
进一步地，在步骤(1)中，加热至70-100℃，并保持40-60min不断搅拌，得到混合浆料。
本发明的第三个目的是一种空气净化装置，包括所述的空气过滤材料。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的具有杀菌作用的干式氧化化学过滤材料所制备的过滤产品，在额定风量下，对于≥0.5um的粒子，过滤效率均≥99.99％，初阻力均≤120Pa，因此，本发明提供的具有杀菌作用的干式氧化化学过滤材料，具有良好的过滤效果和透气性。
附图说明
图1为滤材的高温抗氧化性和高温抗硫化性；
图2为滤材的超高倍显微镜图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1：
按重量份称取如下组分：
高猛酸钠110份、聚丙烯纤维15份、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸3份、聚氧乙烯醚6份、纳米氧化锌7份、聚合氯化铝4份、羟磷灰石6份、碳分子筛7份、毛竹7份、硝酸银4份、氯化铜4份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵5份、2,4-己二烯酸钾2份、吸附助剂4份、甲醇15份。
吸附助剂的制备：按重量份计称取麦饭石3份、五氧化二磷4份、海绵铁6份、硅胶3份、壳聚糖3份、硅藻土7份、海藻泥8份和水适量；将麦饭石、五氧化二磷、海绵铁、硅胶、壳聚糖和硅藻土粉碎，过60目筛，然后加入海藻泥和水搅拌均匀，形成泥状物，再放入350℃的炭化炉中炭化2.5h，取出冷却后粉碎成80目粉末，最后喷雾干燥得到。
本发明的空气过滤材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备混合浆料：将碳分子筛和毛竹粉碎，加入纳米氧化锌、聚合氯化铝、羟磷灰石、2,4-己二烯酸钾和吸附助剂并混合均匀，边搅拌边加入甲醇、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和水，加热至80℃，保温并不断搅拌50min后，得到混合浆料；
(2)混合活化：将高锰酸钠研磨过筛，再与混合浆料、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸、聚氧乙烯醚和聚丙烯纤维混合均匀，然后在500℃下活化1.5h，冷却后得到空气过滤材料。
实施例2：
按重量份称取如下组分：
高猛酸钠100份、聚丙烯纤维10份、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸2份、聚氧乙烯醚5份、纳米氧化锌6份、聚合氯化铝3份、羟磷灰石5份、碳分子筛7份、毛竹6份、硝酸银3份、氯化铜3份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵3份、2,4-己二烯酸钾2份、吸附助剂3份、甲醇10份。
吸附助剂的制备：按重量份计称取麦饭石2份、五氧化二磷3份、海绵铁6份、硅胶2份、壳聚糖2份、硅藻土6份、海藻泥7份和水适量；将麦饭石、五氧化二磷、海绵铁、硅胶、壳聚糖和硅藻土粉碎，过60目筛，然后加入海藻泥和水搅拌均匀，形成泥状物，再放入350℃的炭化炉中炭化2h，取出冷却后粉碎成80目粉末，最后喷雾干燥得到。
本发明的空气过滤材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备混合浆料：将碳分子筛和毛竹粉碎，加入纳米氧化锌、聚合氯化铝、羟磷灰石、2,4-己二烯酸钾和吸附助剂并混合均匀，边搅拌边加入甲醇、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和水，加热至70℃，保温并不断搅拌60min后，得到混合浆料；
(2)混合活化：将高锰酸钠研磨过筛，再与混合浆料、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸、聚氧乙烯醚和聚丙烯纤维混合均匀，然后在500℃下活化2h，冷却后得到空气过滤材料。
实施例3：
按重量份称取如下组分：
高猛酸钠120份、聚丙烯纤维20份、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸3份、聚氧乙烯醚7份、纳米氧化锌8份、聚合氯化铝5份、羟磷灰石8份、碳分子筛8份、毛竹7份、硝酸银5份、氯化铜5份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵7份、2,4-己二烯酸钾3份、吸附助剂5份、甲醇20份。
吸附助剂的制备：按重量份计称取麦饭石4份、五氧化二磷5份、海绵铁7份、硅胶5份、壳聚糖3份、硅藻土8份、海藻泥9份和水适量；将麦饭石、五氧化二磷、海绵铁、硅胶、壳聚糖和硅藻土粉碎，过60目筛，然后加入海藻泥和水搅拌均匀，形成泥状物，再放入350℃的炭化炉中炭化3h，取出冷却后粉碎成80目粉末，最后喷雾干燥得到。
本发明的空气过滤材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备混合浆料：将碳分子筛和毛竹粉碎，加入纳米氧化锌、聚合氯化铝、羟磷灰石、2,4-己二烯酸钾和吸附助剂并混合均匀，边搅拌边加入甲醇、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和水，加热至100℃，保温并不断搅拌40min后，得到混合浆料；
(2)混合活化：将高锰酸钠研磨过筛，再与混合浆料、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸、聚氧乙烯醚和聚丙烯纤维混合均匀，然后在500℃下活化2h，冷却后得到空气过滤材料。
对比例1：
按重量份称取如下组分：
高猛酸钠110份、聚丙烯纤维15份、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸3份、聚氧乙烯醚6份、纳米氧化锌7份、聚合氯化铝4份、羟磷灰石6份、碳分子筛7份、毛竹7份、硝酸银4份、氯化铜4份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵5份、2,4-己二烯酸钾2份、吸附助剂4份。
吸附助剂的制备：按重量份计称取麦饭石3份、五氧化二磷4份、海绵铁6份、硅胶3份、壳聚糖3份、硅藻土7份、海藻泥8份和水适量；将麦饭石、五氧化二磷、海绵铁、硅胶、壳聚糖和硅藻土粉碎，过60目筛，然后加入海藻泥和水搅拌均匀，形成泥状物，再放入350℃的炭化炉中炭化2.5h，取出冷却后粉碎成80目粉末，最后喷雾干燥得到。
本发明的空气过滤材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备混合浆料：将碳分子筛和毛竹粉碎，加入纳米氧化锌、聚合氯化铝、羟磷灰石、2,4-己二烯酸钾和吸附助剂并混合均匀，边搅拌边加入十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和水，加热至80℃，保温并不断搅拌50min后，得到混合浆料；
(2)混合活化：将高锰酸钠研磨过筛，再与混合浆料、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸、聚氧乙烯醚和聚丙烯纤维混合均匀，然后在500℃下活化1.5h，冷却后得到空气过滤材料。
对比例2：
按重量份称取如下组分：
高猛酸钠110份、聚丙烯纤维15份、纳米氧化锌7份、聚合氯化铝4份、羟磷灰石6份、碳分子筛7份、毛竹7份、硝酸银4份、氯化铜4份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵5份、2,4-己二烯酸钾2份、吸附助剂4份、甲醇15份。
吸附助剂的制备：按重量份计称取麦饭石3份、五氧化二磷4份、海绵铁6份、硅胶3份、壳聚糖3份、硅藻土7份、海藻泥8份和水适量；将麦饭石、五氧化二磷、海绵铁、硅胶、壳聚糖和硅藻土粉碎，过60目筛，然后加入海藻泥和水搅拌均匀，形成泥状物，再放入350℃的炭化炉中炭化2.5h，取出冷却后粉碎成80目粉末，最后喷雾干燥得到。
本发明的空气过滤材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备混合浆料：将碳分子筛和毛竹粉碎，加入纳米氧化锌、聚合氯化铝、羟磷灰石、2,4-己二烯酸钾和吸附助剂并混合均匀，边搅拌边加入甲醇、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和水，加热至80℃，保温并不断搅拌50min后，得到混合浆料；
(2)混合活化：将高锰酸钠研磨过筛，再与混合浆料和聚丙烯纤维混合均匀，然后在500℃下活化1.5h，冷却后得到空气过滤材料。
对实施例制备的过滤材料制备的过滤产品进行性能测试，具体检测方法如下：
过滤性能：过滤产品进行性能测试，在额定风量下，按照国家标准GB/T14295-93《空气过滤器》进行测试，其中，测试粒径为0.5μm。
除菌性能：在相同的房间和相同的试验条件，进行消毒前无人活动下采样，作为对照组，随后，启动装有过滤产品的净化器，人员进入室内进行常规作业活动，作业人员控制在5人以内，每人每小时进入房间的次数不超过两次，并且在进出房间的同时要随手关闭房间门，空气净化器仍然持续运行，每隔60分钟进行采样，采样方法同上，作为实验组。将所有的培养基放入37℃的恒温箱培养48h后，察结果，根据培养基和菌落数，计算得出每立方米的细菌平均消除率。
测试结果如表1所示：
表1
检测项目 过滤效率/％ 初阻力/Pa 细菌平均消除率/％
实施例1 99.99 120 99.95
实施例2 99.99 110 99.50
实施例3 99.99 115 99.75
对比例1 99.85 115 85.50
对比例2 95.25 210 74.25
本发明提供了一种具有杀菌作用的干式氧化化学过滤材料，本发明中高锰酸钠、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵与2,4-己二烯酸钾具有协同杀菌的作用，甲醇能提高十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的表面活性，加强了其与2,4-己二烯酸钾配合后的杀菌效果，使得产品具有较好的杀菌作用；
本发明的过滤产品，在额定风量下，对于≥0.5um的粒子，过滤效率均≥99.99％，初阻力均≤120Pa，本发明的具有杀菌作用的干式氧化化学过滤材料，具有良好的过滤效果和透气性。本发明中用聚丙烯纤维对高锰酸钠颗粒进行复合改性处理，形成稳定的吸附层，其中，聚氧乙烯醚在配合剂1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸的协同作用下，能增加聚丙烯纤维的表面粗糙度和比表面积，提高了产品的过滤效果和透气性；另外，聚氧乙烯醚还使得产品具有可选择性的去除氢氰酸的特点，1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸能显著提高产品的吸附量，还能有效去除多环芳烃，从而增强了产品的过滤性能。
对实施例1的滤材进行高温抗氧化性和高温抗硫化性测试，结果如图1所示，证明本发明滤材对于酸性气态污染物的高抗性，寿命高于一般普通滤材。
此外，本发明的滤材颗粒在超高倍显微镜下非常均匀，接近球形，显示其最大的比表面积和均匀度。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例，本发明的保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换，均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种杀菌消毒的空气过滤材料，其特征在于，按重量份计，包括如下组分：高猛酸钠100-120份、聚丙烯纤维10-20份、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸2-3份、聚氧乙烯醚5-7份、纳米氧化锌6-8份、聚合氯化铝3-5份、羟磷灰石5-8份、碳分子筛7-8份、毛竹6-7份、硝酸银3-5份、氯化铜3-5份、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵3-7份、2,4-己二烯酸钾2-3份、吸附助剂3-5份、甲醇10-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述的吸附助剂，按重量份计，由以下组分制备得到：麦饭石2-4份、五氧化二磷3-5份、海绵铁6-7份、硅胶2-5份、壳聚糖2-3份、硅藻土6-8份、海藻泥7-9份和水10-20份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述的高猛酸钠的粒径为50-80目。
4.根据权利要求2所述的空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述的吸附助剂通过如下方法制备得到：将麦饭石、五氧化二磷、海绵铁、硅胶、壳聚糖和硅藻土粉碎，过50-80目筛，然后加入海藻泥和水搅拌均匀，形成泥状物，碳化后粉碎得到。
5.根据权利要求4所述的空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述的碳化是将所述泥状物放入250-450℃的炭化炉中炭化2-3h。
6.根据权利要求4所述的空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述的吸附助剂粉碎成60-80目粉末。
7.根据权利要求4所述的空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述的吸附助剂粉碎后还包括喷雾干燥处理。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的空气过滤材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备混合浆料：将碳分子筛和毛竹粉碎，加入纳米氧化锌、聚合氯化铝、羟磷灰石、2,4-己二烯酸钾和吸附助剂并混合均匀，边搅拌边加入甲醇、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和水，加热混匀后得到混合浆料；
(2)混合活化：将高锰酸钠研磨过筛，再与混合浆料、1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸、聚氧乙烯醚和聚丙烯纤维混合均匀，然后在400-600℃下活化1-2h，得到所述的空气过滤材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，在步骤(1)中，加热至70-100℃，并保持40-60min不断搅拌，得到混合浆料。
10.一种空气净化装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-7所述的空气过滤材料。
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CN104826589A (zh) * 2015-04-29 2015-08-12 安徽天诚环保机械有限公司 一种添加稻壳的具有杀菌作用的活性炭过滤材料及其制备方法
CN106314088A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-11 长春三友智造科技发展有限公司 一种车载空气净化器
CN107149810A (zh) * 2017-06-08 2017-09-12 安徽天诚环保机械有限公司 一种具有杀菌作用的活性炭空气过滤材料及其制备方法
CN108554168A (zh) * 2018-03-23 2018-09-21 深圳市普瑞美泰环保科技有限公司 具有催化氧化甲醛和杀菌功能的净化新材料的制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN104826589A (zh) * 2015-04-29 2015-08-12 安徽天诚环保机械有限公司 一种添加稻壳的具有杀菌作用的活性炭过滤材料及其制备方法
CN106314088A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-11 长春三友智造科技发展有限公司 一种车载空气净化器
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