CN112072210A - Battery based on liquid cooling and phase change material - Google Patents
Battery based on liquid cooling and phase change material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112072210A CN112072210A CN202010991376.9A CN202010991376A CN112072210A CN 112072210 A CN112072210 A CN 112072210A CN 202010991376 A CN202010991376 A CN 202010991376A CN 112072210 A CN112072210 A CN 112072210A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a battery based on liquid cooling and phase change material, upper portion and lower part at the water tank casing are equipped with upper water tank and lower water tank respectively, the outside at upper water tank and lower water tank all is equipped with the resistance wire, in the water tank casing, it links to each other through the water pipe between upper water tank and the lower water tank, the copper mesh is network structure, be equipped with battery cell in cylindric copper mesh, inside at the water tank casing is equipped with adjustable speed water pump, radiator and thermocouple, fill phase change material in the remaining space of water tank casing inside, two thermocouples are connected with on-vehicle electronic control unit on the car respectively, outside at the water tank casing is equipped with the battery interface that charges, the battery charges interface and the positive negative pole of the battery bus that each battery cell power cord. The invention reduces the occupied volume of the whole structure and can protect the battery. The heat generated by the battery can be fully absorbed by the phase-change material and the liquid cooling system in the driving process, and the composite system is more efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery thermal management.
Background
The energy problem is a major problem facing human society, and it is estimated that the oil stock on earth is less than 2000 hundred million tons and will be exhausted after 100 years. Automobile exhaust is a major factor influencing air quality, and along with the continuous enhancement of environmental awareness of people, the demand for novel clean energy is also continuously expanded.
With the increasingly prominent problems of energy shortage, environmental pollution and the like, the environment-friendly and energy-saving electric automobile becomes a development trend in the world, and the electric automobile is an important way for solving the problem of sustainable development of automobile industry in the future.
The battery pack is characterized in that a plurality of battery packs are distributed on a battery plate of the electric automobile, the battery packs are usually connected in series through a plurality of battery packs and provide power for the electric automobile, however, the temperature of the power battery is high, the influence of the internal temperature uniformity on the performance and the service life of the power battery is great, the temperature of the battery is too high, the chemical reaction of the battery can be accelerated, the charge and discharge capacity and the service life of the battery are influenced, the battery structure is permanently damaged, the battery pack is of a closed structure, the working current of the battery pack is large, the generated heat is large, if effective heat dissipation is lacked, the battery can be seriously combusted, and even. Too low a temperature of the battery may also result in failure of the battery to discharge or a shallow depth of discharge.
The temperature uniformity inside the battery module is also an important factor influencing the performance of the battery pack, and the temperature difference between different modules is too large, so that the inconsistency of the internal resistance and the capacity of the battery can be increased.
The passive heat management of the phase-change material is used as a novel heat management mode of the power battery of the electric automobile, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in maintenance, no energy consumption and the like. However, the phase-change material has low heat transfer and heat exchange efficiency, stored latent heat is not easy to dissipate, the temperature control effect is lost after the latent heat is completely melted, and the melted liquid can damage the battery; in addition, the phase-change material needs to occupy a certain space volume, which brings challenges to the design of compact power batteries, so that the key technology for heat management of the phase-change material is to improve the heat transfer and heat exchange efficiency of the phase-change material and reduce the consumption of the phase-change material. However, in order to better solve the problems, research on the coupling between the liquid cooling system and the phase-change material is needed, and the research shows that the liquid cooling system is not in direct contact with the battery and the phase-change material, so that the cooling effect is limited. However, in the actual use process, not only is the damage to the battery caused by the fact that the phase change material is melted without a protection device not fully considered, but also the problem of fixing the battery is not solved, so that the battery moves due to jolt in the driving process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery based on liquid cooling and phase change materials, which has small occupied volume, is not easy to misplace, can avoid faults and has high working efficiency.
The invention mainly comprises a water tank shell, an upper water tank, a lower water tank, a resistance wire, a battery box, a water pipe, a copper mesh, a single battery, a phase change material, a water pump, a radiator and a thermocouple.
The upper portion and the lower portion of the water tank shell are respectively provided with an upper water tank and a lower water tank, resistance wires are arranged outside the upper water tank and the lower water tank, and the resistance wires supply power to the resistance wires through a battery box arranged outside the water tank shell. In the water tank shell, the upper water tank and the lower water tank are connected through a plurality of water pipes. The copper mesh is of a net structure and is connected end to form a cylinder. The plurality of copper nets are connected with the outer walls of the corresponding water pipes, and single batteries are arranged in the cylindrical copper nets. The water tank shell is internally provided with a speed-adjustable water pump, a radiator and a thermocouple, the lower water tank is communicated with the free end of a water suction pipe of the speed-adjustable water pump, and the free end of a water outlet pipe of the speed-adjustable water pump penetrates through the radiator and then is connected with the upper water tank. In order to prevent the battery from dislocation and movement in the using process, the residual gap in the water tank shell is filled with phase change materials. The two thermocouples are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit on the automobile, and the thermocouples feed back electronic signals to the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit, and the speed of pumping liquid of the speed-adjustable water pump is adjusted through the signals. The battery charging interface is arranged outside the water tank shell and communicated with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a battery bus formed by power lines of all the single batteries inside, so that the external power supply device can charge and discharge the battery pack.
Further, the water pipe is an aluminum water pipe.
Further, the water pipe is a hollow cylindrical pipe body, three sliding strips are uniformly distributed on the outer portion of the water pipe, the cross section of each sliding strip is T-shaped, a groove is formed in the outer portion of each sliding strip, and an included angle formed between every two adjacent grooves is 120 degrees.
Further, three sand grips of evenly distributed on the outer wall of copper mesh, the sand grip can slide in the outside recess of draw runner for the copper mesh links to each other with the water pipe.
Further, the phase-change material is composed of graphite and paraffin, and the mass ratio of the graphite to the paraffin is 4: 1.
furthermore, the two thermocouples are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit on the automobile, the thermocouples detect the temperature of the phase change material at the edges, when the materials at the edges are higher than the melting point temperature of the materials, the phase change material in the battery shell is melted at the moment, the thermocouples feed back electronic signals to the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit, the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit transmits the electronic signals to a signal receiving unit of the speed-adjustable water pump, and the signal receiving unit controls an adjusting valve of the speed-adjustable water pump, so that the speed of pumping liquid of the speed-adjustable water pump is adjusted through signals.
The vehicle-mounted electronic control unit is the prior art, and the manufacturer is German BOSCH, and the model is AUDI A3(8J)2000TDI 170CV BOSCH EDC 17CP 14/5/P680.
The speed-adjustable water pump is the prior art, and the model of the manufacturer is ZX 60A-12W of Zhongxiang water pump science and technology Limited company in Changsha.
When the automobile battery temperature control device is used, the battery pack is continuously discharged and charged in the running process of an automobile, the temperature of a battery monomer is continuously increased, at the moment, heat is absorbed mainly by the phase-change material and is stored in the phase-change material, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained in a normal working range, and the liquid cooling system does not work at the moment. When the phase-change material continuously absorbs heat and the temperature detected by the thermocouple is higher than the melting point of the phase-change material, the corresponding electric signal is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit, then the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit transmits the corresponding electric signal to the water pump, the liquid cooling system is started, and the dual functions of the phase-change material and the liquid cooling system are achieved. The liquid cooling system is mainly realized by liquid circulation of an upper water tank and a lower water tank, liquid in the upper water tank flows from top to bottom by means of the gravity of the water, and the phase-change material and the battery are absorbed in the flowing process, so that the temperature control is realized. The liquid in the lower water tank is pumped to the upper water tank again by the water pump, and part of heat is transferred to the outside of the system through the radiator in the pumping process, so that the heat dissipation work is completed.
The main work of the copper mesh is that when the temperature of the phase-change material is higher, if the system cannot complete the heat management work in time, and the phase-change material is completely melted, according to the mesh design and by combining the characteristics of the phase-change material, the mesh structure of the copper mesh can protect the battery from being corroded by the phase-change material, so that the battery is prevented from being short-circuited and even exploded.
And the design is held to special card between copper mesh and the water pipe, and the installation is matchd with the outstanding sunk position of water pipe to the cuboid bulge of copper mesh, and it can be fixed to extract from top to bottom during the change. By doing so, the battery can be effectively fixed and the function of increasing the contact area is achieved, so that the charging and discharging of the battery can be maintained in a stable area, meanwhile, the heat dissipation of the battery can be more sufficient, and the integrity of the whole device is increased.
The battery can not only not be heated too high, but also not be heated too low, and the too low temperature can lead to the reduction of the depth of discharge of the discharge cell, and the endurance mileage is shortened. Thermal management systems require certain insulation measures. The resistance wires of the upper water tank and the lower water tank can heat liquid in the water tanks at variable times in winter, heat is transferred to the phase-change material through liquid flowing, and the battery can further work in a normal temperature range to finish heat management work. Resistance wires are not normally used in summer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. through the selection of the positions of the fork rows of the batteries and the condenser pipe, the occupied volume of the whole structure is reduced, the space utilization rate is improved, and the usability is enhanced.
2. According to the melting characteristic of the phase-change material, a special copper mesh is wrapped outside the battery, so that the liquid phase-change material is prevented from damaging the battery under an extreme condition, and the effect of protecting the battery is achieved.
3. The installation is held to the matching card through battery and condenser pipe, has played the fixed action to the battery, has reduced because of the battery dislocation and has broken down the possibility, has strengthened the wholeness of system.
4. Utilize phase change material and liquid cooling to carry out compound control by temperature change, make the heat that the in-process battery of driving produced fully absorbed by phase change material and liquid cooling system, compare in traditional single system, the combined system is more high-efficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the copper mesh, the single battery and the water pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of the connection of the copper mesh and the single battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the thermocouple, onboard electronic control unit and adjustable speed water pump of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a system shell, 2 is an upper water tank, 3 is a lower water tank, 4 is a resistance wire, 5 is a battery box, 6 is a water pipe, 7 is a slide bar, 8 is a copper net, 9 is a convex strip, 10 is a single battery, 11 is a phase change material, 12 is a speed-adjustable water pump, 13 is a radiator, 14 is a thermocouple, 15 is a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit, 16 is a water suction pipe, 17 is a water outlet pipe, and 18 is a battery charging interface.
Detailed Description
In fig. 1 to 5 of the present invention, an upper water tank 2 and a lower water tank 3 are respectively provided at an upper portion and a lower portion of a water tank case 1, and resistance wires 4 are provided at outer portions of the upper water tank and the lower water tank, and the resistance wires supply power thereto through a battery case 5 provided at the outer portion of the water tank case. In the water tank casing, link to each other through sixteen aluminium system water pipes 6 between upper water tank and the lower water tank, the water pipe is the hollow cylinder body, and at the outside evenly distributed of water pipe there are three draw runner 7, the cross-section of draw runner is T shape, and it has the recess to open in the outside of every draw runner, and the contained angle that forms between the three recess is 120. The copper mesh 8 is of a net structure and is connected end to form a cylinder. Three sand grips 9 of evenly distributed on the outer wall of copper mesh, the sand grip can slide in the outside recess of draw runner for the copper mesh links to each other with the water pipe outer wall that corresponds, is equipped with battery cell 10 in cylindric copper mesh. The lower water tank is communicated with the free end of a water suction pipe 16 of the speed-adjustable water pump, and the free end of a water outlet pipe 17 of the speed-adjustable water pump penetrates through the radiator 13 and then is connected with the upper water tank. In order to prevent the battery from dislocation and movement in the using process, the residual gap in the water tank shell is filled with phase change materials. The phase-change material 11 consists of graphite and paraffin, wherein the mass ratio of the graphite to the paraffin is 4: 1. inside the water tank housing is provided a speed adjustable water pump 12, a radiator 13 and a thermocouple 14. The two thermocouples are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit 15 on the automobile, the thermocouples detect the temperature of the phase change material at the edge, when the material at the edge is higher than the melting point temperature of the material, the phase change material in the battery shell is melted at the moment, the thermocouples feed back electronic signals to the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit, the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit transmits the electronic signals to a signal receiving unit of the speed-adjustable water pump, and the signal receiving unit controls an adjusting valve of the speed-adjustable water pump, so that the speed of pumping liquid of the speed-adjustable water pump is adjusted through signals. The battery charging interface 18 is arranged outside the water tank shell and is communicated with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a battery bus formed by power lines of all the single batteries inside, so that an external power supply device can charge and discharge the battery pack.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a battery based on liquid cooling and phase change material, mainly includes water tank shell, upper water tank, lower water tank, resistance wire, battery case, water pipe, copper mesh, battery cell, phase change material, water pump, radiator and thermocouple, its characterized in that: an upper water tank and a lower water tank are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the water tank shell, resistance wires are respectively arranged outside the upper water tank and the lower water tank, in the water tank shell, the upper water tank and the lower water tank are connected through a water pipe, the copper mesh is of a net structure and is connected end to form a cylinder, the copper mesh is connected with the outer wall of the corresponding water pipe, a single battery is arranged in the cylindrical copper mesh, a speed-adjustable water pump, a radiator and a thermocouple are arranged in the water tank shell, the lower water tank is communicated with the free end of a water suction pipe of the speed-adjustable water pump, the free end of a water outlet pipe of the speed-adjustable water pump passes through the radiator and then is connected with the upper water tank, phase change material is filled in the residual gap inside the water tank shell, the two thermocouples are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit on an automobile, the battery charging interface is arranged outside the water tank shell and is communicated with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a battery bus formed by power lines of all the single batteries inside.
2. The liquid-cooled and phase-change material-based battery of claim 1, wherein: the water pipe is an aluminum water pipe.
3. The liquid-cooled and phase-change material-based battery of claim 1, wherein: the water pipe is a hollow cylindrical pipe body, three sliding strips are uniformly distributed outside the water pipe, the cross section of each sliding strip is T-shaped, a groove is formed in the outside of each sliding strip, and an included angle formed between every two adjacent grooves is 120 degrees.
4. The liquid-cooled and phase-change material-based battery of claim 1, wherein: three sand grips are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the copper mesh, and the sand grips can slide in the grooves outside the sliding bars, so that the copper mesh is connected with the water pipe.
5. The liquid-cooled and phase-change material-based battery of claim 1, wherein: the phase-change material consists of graphite and paraffin, wherein the mass ratio of the graphite to the paraffin is 4: 1.
6. the liquid-cooled and phase-change material-based battery of claim 1, wherein: the two thermocouples are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit on the automobile, and detect the temperature of the edge phase-change material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010991376.9A CN112072210A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Battery based on liquid cooling and phase change material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010991376.9A CN112072210A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Battery based on liquid cooling and phase change material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112072210A true CN112072210A (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| CN202010991376.9A Pending CN112072210A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Battery based on liquid cooling and phase change material |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204632819U (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-09-09 | 广东万锦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery case structural material |
| CN206180052U (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Power battery's thermal management system based on setting phase change material |
| CN108649298A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-10-12 | 山东大学 | A kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system based on phase-change material |
| CN109860950A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-07 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of heat management device of combined electric automobile power cell |
| CN210403966U (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-04-24 | 南昌大学 | Novel battery pack thermal management system based on square battery |
| CN111312954A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-19 | 广东工业大学 | Electric vehicle battery thermal management device and thermal management method |
-
2020
- 2020-09-21 CN CN202010991376.9A patent/CN112072210A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204632819U (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-09-09 | 广东万锦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery case structural material |
| CN206180052U (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Power battery's thermal management system based on setting phase change material |
| CN108649298A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-10-12 | 山东大学 | A kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system based on phase-change material |
| CN109860950A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-07 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of heat management device of combined electric automobile power cell |
| CN210403966U (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-04-24 | 南昌大学 | Novel battery pack thermal management system based on square battery |
| CN111312954A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-19 | 广东工业大学 | Electric vehicle battery thermal management device and thermal management method |
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Application publication date: 20201211 |
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