CN112067433A

CN112067433A - Auxiliary centering installation device for composite material rail shear test

Info

Publication number: CN112067433A
Application number: CN202010853798.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李磊; 王彬文; 程鹏飞; 宋贵宾; 杨梦粤; 许飞
Original assignee: AVIC Aircraft Strength Research Institute
Current assignee: AVIC Aircraft Strength Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-08-24
Filing date: 2020-08-24
Publication date: 2020-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-24
Also published as: CN112067433B

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of material performance testing, and relates to an auxiliary centering installation device for a composite material rail shear test. The test fixture comprises a base (1), a rotating rod (3) and a V-shaped groove plate (5), wherein two coaxial mounting holes (41) are formed in the base (1) and used for fixing a loading rod of the test fixture; dwang (3) sets up to rotatable construction, and a V type recess board (5) of its end installation, V type recess board (5) include two jack catchs (52), and jack catch (52) stretch into the V type notch of test piece just to the line of two jack catchs with the axis coincidence of mounting hole (41), thereby realize the test piece and the coincidence of the axis of experimental anchor clamps. This application can be convenient realize the centering installation of test fixture and testpieces, and the central axis of guarantee testpieces V type breach part coincides with the loading axis of testing machine, promotes the centering nature of test fixture and testpieces installation, has reduced human error, has promoted the test result precision.

Description

Auxiliary centering installation device for composite material rail shear test

Technical Field

The application belongs to the field of material performance testing, and particularly relates to an auxiliary centering installation device for a composite material rail shear test.

Background

The V-notch rail shear test is currently the most dominant and common test method for measuring shear properties of multi-directional laminates of composite materials, and corresponds to the test standard ASTM D7078. The main application ranges of the test are as follows: a) the laminated board only consists of unidirectional fiber layers, and the laying direction can be parallel to or vertical to the clamp rail; b) balanced symmetrical laminates with 0-ply orientation either parallel or perpendicular to the fixture rails; c) the laminated board is composed of a single layer of fabric, woven or fiber cloth; d) randomly distributed short fiber reinforced composite material. The measured test data can be used for production quality control and material specification preparation, and can also be used for structure design.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a V-shaped rail shear test, where a test fixture 100 includes two fixtures, each fixture includes a loading rod 101 and a clamping portion 102, the clamping portion 102 is used to clamp a test piece 200, a V-shaped notch is formed in the middle of the test piece 200, and when a tensile load is applied to the test machine by clamping the V-shaped notch test piece by two identical left and right clamping portions during the test, a shear force is generated in the test piece and the test piece is broken at the notch.

For the accuracy and reliability of the V-notch shear test data, one of the key requirements is that the central axis of the V-notch cross section of the V-notch test piece must coincide with the loading axis, which requires that the two loading rod axes in fig. 1 and the central axis of the V-notch cross section must coincide. It can be understood that the upper end of the test piece 200 is fixed by the screw of the clamping portion of the test fixture 100 on the left side, and the lower end of the test piece 200 is fixed by the screw of the clamping portion of the test fixture 100 on the right side, but the specific position at which the screw clamps the upper or lower portion of the test piece cannot be precisely determined, and thus it is not guaranteed that the ideal clamping state as shown in fig. 1 is achieved.

The existing test fixture mainly depends on two positioning blocks (other auxiliary tools) matched with the V-shaped notch to ensure that the axes of the two loading rods and the central axis of the V-shaped notch are both located on the section of the V-shaped notch of the test piece along fig. 1, but the coincidence of three lines cannot be ensured, that is, the state of fig. 1 is met, but under the top view of fig. 1 (the top view of the test fixture 100 can refer to fig. 9 a), the central axis of the test piece and the central axis of the fixture do not coincide. The tester generally ensures that the three lines are overlapped by measuring and adjusting the position of the test piece by a vernier caliper. This method is very cumbersome and, due to the need to measure the distances between the test piece and the plurality of parts and locations, there is a large cumulative error and the mounting accuracy is poor. When the axes of the two loading rods are not coincident with the axis of the section of the V-shaped notch of the test piece, bending and torsional deformation outside the plane can exist in the test process, the section of the V-shaped notch of the test piece cannot present a pure shear stress state, and the test result is greatly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides an auxiliary centering installation device for a composite material rail shear test, which is used for helping a test fixture to clamp a test piece and meeting the three-line superposition described in the background art.

The utility model provides an auxiliary centering installation device includes:

the test fixture comprises a base and a plurality of fixing tables, wherein the base is provided with a top surface, the top surface comprises a notch with a groove in the middle and the fixing tables positioned on two sides of the notch, any fixing table is provided with a cylindrical lock catch, the cylindrical lock catch and the fixing table form an installation hole which is matched with a clamping part for clamping the test fixture, the axes of the two installation holes are overlapped in a first direction, and when the clamping part of the test fixture is fixed in the installation hole, the clamping part of the test fixture is positioned at the notch;

the rotating rod 3 comprises a rotating end and an installation end opposite to the rotating end, the rotating end is rotatably installed on the base, the installation end is of a plate surface structure and is provided with a through hole, when the rotating rod rotates around a plane where the rotating end is located in the first direction, the installation end is driven to a limit position, and the limit position is right above the notch;

v type recess board, including the main part, and two arms that the main part extends along the face direction, two arms form the jack catch to the shrink in the tip, the jack catch stretches into just in the V type notch of test piece, the main part is provided with a slide rail, the slide rail can stretch into in the through-hole of the installation end of dwang, and along the perpendicular to in the through-hole move in the second direction of first direction, so that the laminating of V type recess board or keeping away from the face of the installation end of dwang is worked as the dwang drives V type recess board removes extremely during extreme position, just the laminating of V type recess board is in when in the installation end of dwang, two the line of jack catch is in on the first direction with the axis coincidence of mounting hole.

Preferably, the rotating end of the rotating rod is hinged to an upright post, and the upright post is fixed on the base.

Preferably, the upright post is threadedly mounted on the base.

Preferably, the cylinder fixed station includes that a cross-section is semicircular first recess, the cylinder hasp has hinged end and stiff end, and is located the hinged end with briquetting between the stiff end, the briquetting has a cross-section and is semicircular second recess, the hinged end of cylinder hasp articulates first recess one side, the stiff end of cylinder hasp can the locking be in the opposite side of stating first recess, first recess with the second recess forms jointly the mounting hole.

Preferably, the fixed end of the cylindrical lock catch is fixed on the fixed platform through a screw.

Preferably, the slide rail of the V-shaped groove plate has a threaded hole, and a screw drives the slide rail to move in the through hole.

Preferably, the through holes are strip-shaped holes.

Preferably, the locking device further comprises a flat plate lock catch, wherein the flat plate lock catch comprises a hinged end and a lock catch end, the hinged end is hinged to one arm of the V-shaped groove plate, and the lock catch end can be fixed to the other arm of the V-shaped groove plate.

This application can be convenient the centering installation of realization test fixture between each part and the centering installation of test piece in test fixture, guarantee the central axis of test piece V type breach part and the coincidence of the loading axis of testing machine, promote the centering nature of test fixture and test piece installation, reduced human error, promoted test result precision.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the mounting relationship between a test fixture and a test piece.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the auxiliary centering and mounting device for the composite material rail shear test.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the embodiment of fig. 2 of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the base structure of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating rod of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the V-groove plate of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a V-groove plate A-A of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the cylinder lock structure of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 of the present application.

Fig. 9a to 9d are schematic views of the auxiliary centering and mounting device for the composite material rail shear test in the present application in sequence.

Wherein, 100-test fixture, 200-test piece, 101-loading rod, 102-clamping part;

1-base, 11-notch, 12-fixed platform, 2-upright post, 3-rotating rod 3, 31-through hole, 4-cylindrical lock catch, 41-mounting hole, 42-pressing block, 43-screw, 44-column, 45-pin shaft, 5-V type groove plate, 51-arm, 52-claw, 53-slide rail, 54-screw and 6-flat plate lock catch.

Detailed Description

In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The application provides a combined material track shear test is with supplementary centering installation device, as shown in fig. 2-8, mainly include base 1, rotate dwang 3 that sets up on base 1 to and can be on dwang 3 gliding V type recess board 5.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the base 1, the base 1 has a top surface, the top surface includes a slot 11 with a slot in the middle, and fixing tables 12 located at both sides of the slot, any of the fixing tables 12 has a cylindrical lock 4, the cylindrical lock 4 and the fixing table 12 form a mounting hole 41 with a clamping portion 102 adapted to clamp the test fixture, the axes of the two mounting holes 41 coincide in a first direction, and when the clamping portion 102 of the test fixture is fixed in the mounting hole 41, the clamping portion 102 of the test fixture is located at the slot 11.

In this embodiment, the upper portion of the base 1 has a left rectangular block and a right rectangular block, which are respectively provided with a protrusion, the middle of the rectangular blocks is hollowed according to the shape of the V-shaped notch rail shearing clamp shown in fig. 1, and the left portion and the right portion of the V-shaped notch rail shearing test clamp can be respectively placed into the rectangular blocks. The centers of the upper surfaces of the left rectangular block and the right rectangular block are respectively provided with a semi-cylindrical groove, and the axes of the two semi-cylindrical grooves are superposed. Two loading rods 101 of the V-shaped rail shear test fixture can be just completely attached to be placed into the two semi-cylindrical grooves. When the two loading rods 101 of the V-shaped rail shear test fixture are placed in the two semi-cylindrical grooves and completely attached, the axes of the two loading rods 101 of the V-shaped rail shear test fixture are overlapped together. The upper surfaces of the left and right rectangular blocks are also provided with a plurality of threaded holes for installing the cylindrical lock catches shown in figure 8. During the use, the supporting rod of V type track shear test anchor clamps is put into the semi-cylindrical groove on the base, then locks the cylinder hasp, can fix the supporting rod on the base together with test anchor clamps. The cylinder lock is opened and the load bar 101, with the entire test fixture, can be unloaded from the base.

The structure of dwang 3 is shown in fig. 5, and it is including rotating the end and for the installation end that rotates the end, it rotates and installs on base 1 to rotate the end, the installation end is a face structure, and is provided with through-hole 31 on it, dwang 3 is configured to wind it is in to rotate the end when the plane at first direction place rotates, the installation end is driven to a extreme position, extreme position is directly over notch 11.

The part has the effects that the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail (a test piece can be arranged in the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail) is arranged on the part, when the part rotates to the limit position shown in figure 3, the test piece arranged on the part is just positioned at the center of the V-shaped rail shearing test fixture, and at the moment, the cross section axis of the V-shaped notch of the test piece with the V-shaped notch is just coincided with the axes of the two semi-cylindrical grooves on the base. With continued reference to fig. 5, the turning lever has a slotted through hole in the middle of the right side plate, in which the sliding track 53 of the V-groove plate 5 in fig. 7 can move.

The V-groove plate 5 is constructed as shown in fig. 6-7, and includes a main body portion, and two arms 51 extending in the plate surface direction at the main body portion, the two arms 51 being contracted inward at the end portions to form claws 52, the clamping jaw 52 just extends into the V-shaped notch of the test piece 200, the main body part is provided with a slide rail 53, the slide rail 53 can extend into the through hole 31 of the installation end of the rotating rod 3, and moves in the through hole 31 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction to make the V-shaped groove plate 5 fit to or away from the plate surface of the mounting end of the rotating rod 3, work as dwang 3 drives V type recess board 5 removes extremely during extreme position, just V type recess board 5 laminates when the installation of dwang 3 is served, two the line of jack catch is in the first direction with the axis coincidence of mounting hole 41.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, where the first direction is a left-right direction and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, the short slide rail 53 on the back surface of the V-groove plate 5 can be inserted into the slot on the upper surface of the rotating lever in a completely fitting manner, and the V-groove plate 5 can move along the second direction. The middle of the slide rail 53 is provided with a threaded hole, and the V-shaped groove plate 5 with the guide rail can be fixed on the rotating rod 3 for installing the test piece through the threaded hole and a quincunx bolt 54. When the V-groove plate 5 is required to be fixed on the turning rod, the screw 54 on the back side can be screwed tightly to fix the V-groove plate.

The utility model provides an auxiliary centering installation device is when using, fixes taking guide rail V-arrangement recess board on the dwang with the plum blossom screw earlier, then places the test piece in the middle of taking guide rail V-arrangement recess board, closes the flat board hasp of installation on taking guide rail V-arrangement recess board, can fix the test piece completely in taking guide rail V-arrangement recess board. The flat plate lock catch and the plum screw on the back of the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail are loosened, then the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail is pushed to the forefront (along the second direction), and the test piece can be separated from the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail.

In some alternative embodiments, the rotating end of the rotating rod 3 is hinged on a column 2, and the column 2 is fixed on the base 1. The turning rod 3 is pinned to the upright 2 by a cylindrical pin and can rotate 180 ° around a circular hole on the upright (fig. 2 or fig. 3 shows the maximum turning position of the turning rod on the left side of the upright).

In some alternative embodiments, the upright 2 is screwed on the base 1, and in alternative embodiments, it may be fixed by welding, but it should be noted that the height of the upright 2 needs to be set in advance, so that the connecting line of the two claws 52 coincides with the axis of the mounting hole 41 in the first direction in the state shown in fig. 3.

In some optional embodiments, the cylindrical fixing table 12 includes a first groove with a semicircular cross section, the cylindrical lock catch 4 has a hinged end and a fixed end, and a pressing block 42 located between the hinged end and the fixed end, the pressing block 42 has a second groove with a semicircular cross section, the hinged end of the cylindrical lock catch 4 is hinged on one side of the first groove, the fixed end of the cylindrical lock catch 4 can be locked on the other side of the first groove, and the first groove and the second groove together form the mounting hole 41.

In some alternative embodiments, the fixed end of the cylindrical lock catch is fixed to the fixed table 12 by a screw 43.

As shown in fig. 8, the hinged end of the cylindrical lock catch 4 mainly includes a pillar 44 and a pin 45, the pillar 44 is fixed on the fixed platform 12 of the base 1, the pressing block 42 is rotatably connected to the top end of the pillar 44 through the pin 45, so that the pressing block 42 forms a structure rotating around the pin 45, and after the pressing block 42 is rotated to the position shown in fig. 8, the pressing block and the semicircular groove on the fixed platform 12 form the mounting hole 41.

The structure of the flat plate lock catch 6 is similar to that of the cylinder lock catch 4, and the flat plate lock catch 6 comprises a hinged end and a lock catch end, wherein the hinged end is hinged on one arm 51 of the V-shaped groove plate 5, and the lock catch end can be fixed on the other arm 51 of the V-shaped groove plate 5. It can be understood that the flat plate lock catch 6 is located on one side of the V-shaped groove plate 5, which is away from the rotating rod 3, when the test piece is installed on the V-shaped groove plate 5, one side of the test piece is pressed on the plate surface of the rotating rod 3, and the other side of the test piece is locked by the flat plate lock catch 6.

In some alternative embodiments, the slide rail 53 of the V-groove plate 5 has a threaded hole, and the slide rail 53 is moved in the through hole 31 by a screw 54.

In some alternative embodiments, the through holes 31 are strip-shaped holes. It will be appreciated that the strip-shaped aperture ensures that the V-groove plate can move in the second direction (perpendicular to the plane of the paper) but cannot rotate or otherwise move.

The application of the auxiliary centering installation device for the composite material rail shear test is shown in reference to fig. 9a to 9 d:

a) before carrying out the V-shaped rail test clamp and test installation, firstly, the auxiliary centering installation device for the composite material rail shear test is in an open state: and opening the two cylindrical lock catches and the flat plate lock catch, and rotating the rotating rod to a position where the rotating rod does not interfere with the test fixture. Simultaneously, the plum screw on the back of the rotating rod is screwed tightly, so that the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail is completely fixed on the rotating rod.

b) Half of the test fixture with the V-shaped notch is placed on the base of the auxiliary centering installation device, so that the clamping rods of the test fixture are bent to be attached to the semi-cylindrical grooves in the base, the left cylindrical lock catch 4 is locked, and the test fixture is fixed on the auxiliary centering installation device, as shown in fig. 9 a.

c) The test piece is arranged on the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail and the flat plate lock catch 6 on the test piece is locked, so that the test piece is fixed. The swivelling levers are then swivelled to be at the extreme position on the left side. At the moment, the test piece is just right positioned in the center of the V-shaped notch track shearing test clamp to be installed, and the axis of the cross section of the V-shaped notch of the test piece is just coincident with the axis of the clamping rod of the half of the installed test clamp. And then, tightly twisting bolts at two sides of the rail shear test clamp to completely fix the test piece. A schematic of this state is shown in figure 9 b.

d) After the test piece is completely fixed on a half V-shaped track test fixture, the flat plate lock catch is opened, and the plum screw on the back surface of the rotating rod is loosened, so that the V-shaped groove plate with the guide rail is separated from the rotating rod. The V-grooved plate with the guide rail is pushed foremost to be separated from the test piece. Then, the rotating rod 3 is rotated, so that the rotating rod can be separated from the test piece. The schematic view of the state of separation of the rotating lever from the test piece is shown in fig. 9 c.

e) And putting the other half of the test fixture on the base of the auxiliary centering installation device, so that the clamping rods of the test fixture are bent to be attached to the semi-cylindrical grooves on the base, the right cylindrical lock catch 4 is locked, and the part of the test fixture is fixed on the auxiliary centering installation device. And then screwing the screws on the part of the test fixture tightly, so that the whole rail shear test fixture and the test piece are completely installed, the test piece is positioned in the center of the test fixture, and the axis of the clamping rod of the test fixture is in bending alignment with the axis of the cross section of the V-shaped notch of the test piece. A schematic of this state is shown in figure 9 d.

f) After the test fixture and the test piece are fixed together through the screws on the test fixture, the cylindrical lock catches 4 on the two sides can be opened, the test piece and the test fixture are taken down, and formal V-shaped rail shear test is carried out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the coincidence of two loading rods and the cross section axis of the V-shaped notch of the test piece is ensured through the structural form during the installation of the V-shaped rail shear test instead of the artificial measurement and adjustment, and the device is convenient, fast and high in precision.

Claims

1. An auxiliary centering installation device for a composite material rail shear test, which is used for an auxiliary test fixture (100) to clamp a test piece (200), wherein the test fixture (100) comprises a loading rod (101) and a clamping part (102), the clamping part (102) can clamp the test piece (200), and the auxiliary centering installation device is characterized by comprising:

the test fixture comprises a base (1) and a top surface, wherein the top surface comprises a notch (11) with a groove in the middle and fixing tables (12) positioned on two sides of the notch, a cylindrical lock catch (4) is arranged on any one fixing table (12), the cylindrical lock catch (4) and the fixing table (12) form a mounting hole (41) with a clamping part (102) matched with a clamping test fixture in a clamping mode, the axes of the two mounting holes (41) are overlapped in a first direction, and when the clamping part (102) of the test fixture is fixed in the mounting hole (41), the clamping part (102) of the test fixture is positioned at the notch (11);

the rotating rod (3) comprises a rotating end and an installation end opposite to the rotating end, the rotating end is rotatably installed on the base (1), the installation end is of a plate surface structure and is provided with a through hole (31), when the rotating rod (3) rotates around a plane where the rotating end is located in the first direction, the installation end is driven to a limit position, and the limit position is right above the notch (11);

v type recess board (5), including the main part, and two arms (51) that the main part extends along the face direction, two arms (51) form jack catch (52) to the shrink in the tip, jack catch (52) stretch into just in the V type notch of test piece (200), the main part is provided with a slide rail (53), slide rail (53) can stretch into in through-hole (31) of the installation end of dwang (3), and along the perpendicular to in through-hole (31) move in the second direction of first direction, so that V type recess board (5) laminating or keeping away from the face of the installation end of dwang (3), work as dwang (3) drive V type recess board (5) move to during extreme position, just V type recess board (5) laminating is in when the installation end of dwang (3), the connecting line of the two clamping jaws is coincident with the axis of the mounting hole (41) in the first direction.

2. The auxiliary centering installation device for the composite material rail shear test is characterized in that the rotating end of the rotating rod (3) is hinged on an upright post (2), and the upright post (2) is fixed on the base (1).

3. The auxiliary centering installation device for the composite material rail shear test is characterized in that the upright column (2) is installed on the base (1) in a threaded mode.

4. The auxiliary centering and mounting device for the composite material rail shear test is characterized in that the cylindrical fixing table (12) comprises a first groove with a semicircular section, the cylindrical lock catch (4) comprises a hinged end and a fixed end, and a pressing block (42) is positioned between the hinged end and the fixed end, the pressing block (42) comprises a second groove with a semicircular section, the hinged end of the cylindrical lock catch (4) is hinged on one side of the first groove, the fixed end of the cylindrical lock catch (4) can be locked on the other side of the first groove, and the first groove and the second groove together form the mounting hole (41).

5. The auxiliary centering installation device for the composite material rail shear test is characterized in that the fixed end of the cylindrical lock catch is fixed on the fixed table (12) through a screw (43).

6. The auxiliary centering and mounting device for the composite material rail shear test is characterized in that a slide rail (53) of the V-shaped groove plate (5) is provided with a threaded hole, and the slide rail (53) is driven to move in the through hole (31) through a screw (54).

7. The auxiliary centering and mounting device for the shear test of the composite material rail as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein the through hole (31) is a strip-shaped hole.

8. The auxiliary centering and mounting device for the composite material rail shear test is characterized by further comprising a flat plate lock catch (6), wherein the flat plate lock catch (6) comprises a hinged end and a lock catch end, the hinged end is hinged on one arm (51) of the V-shaped groove plate (5), and the lock catch end can be fixed on the other arm (51) of the V-shaped groove plate (5).