CN112059540A - Cold-drawn lamp pole and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Cold-drawn lamp pole and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112059540A CN112059540A CN202010801914.3A CN202010801914A CN112059540A CN 112059540 A CN112059540 A CN 112059540A CN 202010801914 A CN202010801914 A CN 202010801914A CN 112059540 A CN112059540 A CN 112059540A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
- B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C5/00—Pointing; Push-pointing
- B21C5/003—Pointing; Push-pointing of hollow material, e.g. tube
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
- F21S8/085—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cold-drawn lamp post and a preparation process thereof, wherein the preparation process comprises an annealing step, a sharpening step, a cold-drawing pretreatment step and a cold-drawing step, wherein the annealing temperature adopted in the annealing step is 450-700 ℃; and in the pointing step, the outer diameter of the end of the tube blank is reduced to 10-18% of the original diameter. The invention has high processing and forming speed and high yield, does not damage the surface during cold drawing, can be made into lamp posts with various specifications to adapt to the processing requirements of customers, and has the wall thickness of 4-30 mm and the pipe diameter of 100-500 mm; products with the size not in the range of the standard products of the conventional cold-drawn steel pipe can be obtained; the manufacturing precision is obviously improved, the precision of the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the cold drawn lamp rod can be ensured, the eccentricity is 5 percent at most, the dimensional precision reaches H10-H8, the straightness reaches below 1/500, and the surface roughness is less than Ra 12.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of production processes of outdoor intelligent illumination carriers and outdoor public equipment, and relates to a cold-drawn lamp pole and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of national economic construction, the level of social public infrastructure is gradually improved. The street lamp is used as a main lighting tool at night, the use effect and the service life of the street lamp are paid more and more attention, and the quality of a street lamp pole supporting the street lamp is particularly critical according to factors such as actual terrain, so the quality of the street lamp pole is basically determined by the material and the preparation process of the street lamp pole. Most of the conventional lamp posts are produced by adopting the following processes: the plate rolling machine is opened flatly → the rolling shear is cut out → the large bending machine is rolled pipe → the automatic submerged arc welding seam → the machine is rounded and straightened, the process is complex, the working is rough, the production efficiency is low, if the large-scale production is required, the different shapes are required, some manufacturers adopt the aluminum profile stretching process for production, the material strength is not enough, the aging resistance and the corrosion resistance grade are not enough, and the use requirement of the lamp post is not met. The traditional production process for steel is difficult to meet the requirements of the shape and height of the steel.
Cold drawing is a processing technology of materials, and for metal materials, cold drawing refers to drawing under the condition that the materials are at normal temperature in order to achieve a certain shape and a certain mechanical property. Compared with hot forming, the cold-drawn product has the advantages of high dimensional precision and good surface smoothness. However, because the diameter requirement of the lamp rod is relatively large and the thickness of the lamp rod is also thick, the existing cold-drawing steel tube process, such as the production process of a precise cold-drawing steel tube disclosed in 2016, 01, 20 days, with the patent publication number of CN103624095B, is adopted, so that the process arrangement is reasonable, and the cold-drawing quality is remarkably improved. The HFW steel pipe is used as a raw material to replace a seamless pipe with large size deviation, and the yield is high. The combination of two processes of micro-oxidation heat treatment annealing and lubricating oil lubrication is adopted, so that the processes of acid washing, phosphating and the like can be omitted, the novel process is green and environment-friendly, the production cost is reduced, the production running cost can be reduced by 10-15%, and the novel process is easy to crack and deform when being used for lamp poles. For another example, in a method for producing a cold-drawn steel pipe by two-pass continuous drawing disclosed in publication No. CN105834234B granted on publication date of 2018, 01, 16, the acid-washed pierced billet obtained after pretreatment and acid washing is placed in a phosphating solution with the temperature of 70-85 ℃, the total acidity of 200-250M and the free acidity of 150-200M for phosphating for 20-35 min, and then is placed in a lubricating solution with the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 5-15 min, so that the extensibility and isotropy of the obtained lubricated pierced billet are improved; and then the product is formed twice through cold drawing and drawing with the core rod. But not be applicable to the major diameter lamp pole, and along with market to the increase of special-shaped lamp pole demand, the production degree of difficulty of current technology especially to major diameter's special-shaped lamp pole is big, and the product defective percentage is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cold-drawing lamp post manufacturing process, which is used for manufacturing a street lamp post, particularly a special-shaped lamp post with a large diameter, and has the advantages of excellent appearance performance, high supporting strength and high dimensional precision.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing process of a cold-drawn lamp pole comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of annealing, sharpening, cold-drawing pretreatment and cold-drawing, wherein the annealing temperature adopted in the annealing step is 450-700 ℃; and in the pointing step, the outer diameter of the end of the tube blank is reduced to 10-18% of the original diameter.
The cold-drawing process is not suitable for cold-drawing of special pipes, particularly large-diameter special pipes, and has the problems of easy breakage, poor surface and the like in cold-drawing, the inventor finds that the degree of external diameter shrinkage of a pipe blank is one of key factors influencing the quality of a lamp post in a pointing step in the previous research process, in the technical scheme, the external diameter shrinkage of the end of the pipe blank is controlled to be 10% -18% of the original diameter, the shrinkage is lower than 10%, cold-drawing stress is easy to occur in the cold-drawing process, the cold-drawing quality is unqualified, the dimensional accuracy is poor and is higher than 18%, and cracks are easy to occur on the surface in subsequent treatment. In addition, the annealing temperature is controlled to be 450-700 ℃, the crystal grains of the tube blank are quickly nucleated, the cooling speed is high, the crystal grains are not grown up soon, a small pearlite structure is formed, the crystal grain effect is achieved, the tube blank has certain hardness and strength, and has good comprehensive mechanical properties such as plasticity, and the tube blank is easy to cold-draw.
Preferably, the annealing temperature is more preferably 450 to 550 ℃, and the holding time in the furnace is 10 to 30 minutes. Reducing the tissue, eliminating and reducing internal stress; reduce the not good risk of surface property, make performances such as lamp pole intensity excellent.
Preferably, in the cold drawing step, the maximum drawing force of the drawing machine does not exceed 300t, and the cold drawing speed is as follows: 8-16 m/min, return speed: 8 to 18 m/min.
The cold drawing speed is unreasonable, and the striae shaking is easily caused in the drawing process, namely the uneven annular wave or wave mark appears along the length direction, and the cold drawing speed is controlled by combining the maximum drawing force, so that the striae shaking can be avoided.
Preferably, the lamp post is a regular N-sided polygon, N is more than or equal to three, and when N is an odd number, the cold drawing speed is as follows: 10-12 m/min, return speed: 10-12 m/min; when N is an even number, the cold drawing speed: 15-16 m/min, return speed: 15 to 18 m/min.
Further preferably, the maximum drawing force of the drawing machine is not more than 150 t.
As preferred, the lamp pole is positive N polygon, and has indent structure or evagination structure on the edge, and when evagination structure or evagination structure were even number and symmetry setting, cold drawing speed: 10-13 m/min, return speed: 10 to 12 m/min.
Preferably, when the convex structure or the convex structure is odd, the maximum drawing force of the drawing machine does not exceed 120t, and the cold drawing speed and the return speed do not exceed 8 m/min.
Preferably, the cold-drawing pretreatment step comprises acid pickling treatment, phosphating treatment and saponification treatment, wherein the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid in the acid pickling treatment is 40%, and the acid pickling time is 30-40 minutes; phosphorus concentration in phosphating solution in phosphating treatment: 20-30%, and the temperature of phosphating solution: at 60-65 ℃, phosphorization time: 10-15 minutes.
Preferably, the saponification temperature of the saponification treatment: 70-78 ℃, saponification time: 30-40 minutes.
The preparation process comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) and stress relief annealing: introducing the tube blank into a heating furnace for heating and heat preservation, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain an annealed tube blank, wherein the purpose is to ensure the strength of the steel tube, when the annealing temperature is too high, the processing strain is recovered, the processing hardening effect cannot be obtained, the annealing temperature is 450-700 ℃, the processing hardening effect can be obtained, and in order to remove the strength deviation of the cold-rolled steel tube, the in-furnace retention time of the cold-rolled steel tube is 10-30 minutes;
(2) and pointing: the method comprises the following steps that (1) the annealing pipe blank is sharpened, so that the end of the pipe blank is extruded by an extrusion die and then has a diameter shrunk, the extrusion die comprises two working sections with different diameters, the two working sections are in smooth transition, the end of a welded pipe enters from a large-diameter end to be extruded, lubricating oil is sprayed on the end of the extrusion die and the end of the welded pipe before being extruded so as to avoid abrasion and surface scratch during extrusion, and after being extruded by the extrusion die with the diameter gradually reduced for 1 time, the outer diameter of the end of the pipe blank is shrunk to be 10% of the original diameter;
(3) and acid pickling treatment: acid cleaning is carried out on the annealed tube blank, rust on the surface is removed, and the hydrochloric acid concentration: 40%, acid washing time: and (3) rolling for 30-40 minutes in the neutralization tank, wherein the rolling frequency is as follows: 2 ~ 3 times, roll through the clean water basin again, the number of times of rolling: 2-3 times;
(4) and phosphorization treatment: forming a chemically formed coating of zinc phosphate on the surface of the tube blank, wherein the concentration of zinc phosphate is: 20-30%, and the temperature of phosphating solution: at 60-65 ℃, phosphorization time: 10-15 minutes;
(5) and saponification treatment: forming a lubricating coating such as a metal soap on the coating, wherein the saponification temperature: 70-78 ℃, saponification time: 30-40 minutes;
(6) and cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing processing on the pipe blank to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn pipe, wherein the cold drawing process comprises the following steps of: 30mm, maximum drawing force of drawing machine: 300t, cold drawing speed: 8-16 m/min, return speed: 8-18 m/min;
(7) quenching treatment in an induction furnace: the quenching temperature of the induction furnace is 600-750 ℃, and the quenching medium is water, so that the residual stress of the tube blank is reduced;
(8) and tempering treatment in a box furnace: the tempering air cooling temperature is-10 to +15 ℃ to reduce the residual stress;
(9) and straightening treatment: preserving heat in a low-temperature tempering furnace for 50-60 minutes, and then performing thermal straightening treatment at the temperature of 10-20 ℃ to reduce residual stress;
(10) honing: the numerical control honing machine is selected, the workpiece rotates, and the honing head makes a reciprocating motion processing form to reach cylindricity: ± 0.30mm, aperture deviation: plus or minus 0.30 mm;
(11) and magnetic leakage flaw detection: detecting longitudinal and transverse defects of the steel pipe under proper lift-off gap, flaw detection speed and magnetization intensity;
(12) cutting a pipe and measuring: and (5) cutting the steel pipe by a fixed length, wherein the cut pipe is smooth and flat.
The invention also provides the lamp post prepared by the preparation process, the eccentricity is 5% at most and less than 10% of that of the seamless steel tube, the dimensional accuracy of the lamp post reaches H10-H8, the straightness reaches below 1/500, and the surface roughness is less than Ra 12.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the processing and forming speed is high, the yield is high, the surface is not damaged during cold drawing, the lamp can be made into lamp posts with various specifications to meet the processing requirements of customers, the wall thickness is 4-30 mm, and the pipe diameter is 100-500 mm; products with the size not in the range of the standard products of the conventional cold-drawn steel pipe can be obtained;
2) the manufacturing precision is obviously improved, the outer diameter and inner diameter precision of the cold-drawn lamp rod can be ensured, the eccentricity is 5 percent at most, the dimensional precision reaches H10-H8, the straightness reaches below 1/500, and the surface roughness is less than Ra10 micrometers;
3) the high-strength steel pole has the advantages that under the condition that products with the same chemical components have the same chemical components, higher mechanical performance is obtained, and cold drawing can enable the lamp pole to generate plastic deformation in the radial axial direction, so that the yield point of steel is improved, the mechanical strength of each part of the welded pipe in the radial axial direction is balanced, the bearing capacity is improved by 3%, and the high-strength steel pole has high tensile strength and good elongation;
4) and the surface smoothness of the cold-drawn lamp pole is good, and the roughness is low.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples and experimental data. It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are merely for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and that various substitutions and alterations made according to the common knowledge and conventional means in the art without departing from the technical idea of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a cold-drawn lamp pole is round in cross section, 245mm in diameter and 5mm in wall thickness, and comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) and stress relief annealing: introducing the tube blank into a heating furnace for heating and heat preservation, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain an annealed tube blank, wherein the purpose is to ensure the strength of the steel tube, when the annealing temperature is too high, the processing strain is recovered, the processing hardening effect cannot be obtained, the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the processing hardening effect can be obtained, and the in-furnace retention time of the cold-rolled steel tube is 20 minutes in order to remove the strength deviation of the cold-rolled steel tube;
(2) and pointing: the method comprises the following steps that (1) the annealing pipe blank is sharpened, so that the end of the pipe blank is extruded by an extrusion die and then has a diameter shrunk, the extrusion die comprises two working sections with different diameters, the two working sections are in smooth transition, the end of a welded pipe enters from a large-diameter end to be extruded, lubricating oil is sprayed on the end of the extrusion die and the end of the welded pipe before being extruded so as to avoid abrasion and surface scratch during extrusion, and after being extruded by the extrusion die with the diameter gradually reduced for 1 time, the outer diameter of the end of the pipe blank is shrunk to be 10% of the original diameter;
(3) and acid pickling treatment: acid cleaning is carried out on the annealed tube blank, rust on the surface is removed, and the hydrochloric acid concentration: 40%, acid washing time: 30 minutes, the neutralization cell was tumbled again, the number of tumblers: and 3 times of rolling in a clean water pool, wherein the rolling times are as follows: 2 times;
(4) and phosphorization treatment: forming a chemically formed coating of zinc phosphate on the surface of the tube blank, wherein the phosphorus concentration in the zinc phosphate is as follows: 20%, phosphating solution temperature: 65 ℃, phosphorization time: 15 minutes;
(5) and saponification treatment: forming a lubricating coating such as a metal soap on the coating, wherein the saponification temperature: 70 ℃, saponification time: 40 minutes;
(6) and cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing processing on the pipe blank to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn pipe, wherein the cold drawing process comprises the following steps of: 30mm, maximum drawing force of drawing machine: 300t, cold drawing speed: 16m/min, return speed: 18m/min, cold drawn tube length: 13 m;
(7) quenching treatment in an induction furnace: the quenching temperature of the induction furnace is 750 ℃, and the quenching medium is water, so that the residual stress of the tube blank is reduced;
(8) and tempering treatment in a box furnace: the tempering air cooling temperature is-10 to +15 ℃ to reduce the residual stress;
(9) and straightening treatment: and (3) preserving the heat in a low-temperature tempering furnace for 60 minutes, and then performing thermal straightening treatment at the thermal straightening temperature of 20 ℃ to reduce the residual stress.
(10) Honing: the numerical control honing machine is selected, the workpiece rotates, and the honing head makes a reciprocating motion processing form to reach cylindricity: ± 0.30mm, aperture deviation: plus or minus 0.30 mm;
(11) and magnetic leakage flaw detection: detecting longitudinal and transverse defects of the steel pipe under proper lift-off gap, flaw detection speed and magnetization intensity;
(12) cutting a pipe and measuring: and (5) cutting the steel pipe by a fixed length, wherein the cut pipe is smooth and flat.
Example 2:
the cross section of the cold-drawn lamp pole is in a regular hexagon shape, one side of the lamp pole is provided with an inwards concave structure, the diameter of the inwards concave structure is 300mm, the wall thickness of the inwards concave structure is 8mm, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) and stress relief annealing: introducing the tube blank into a heating furnace for heating and heat preservation, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain an annealed tube blank, wherein the purpose is to ensure the strength of the steel tube, when the annealing temperature is too high, the processing strain is recovered, the processing hardening effect cannot be obtained, the annealing temperature is 700 ℃, the processing hardening effect can be obtained, and in order to remove the strength deviation of the cold-rolled steel tube, the in-furnace retention time of the cold-rolled steel tube is 30 minutes;
(2) and pointing: the method comprises the following steps that (1) the annealing pipe blank is sharpened, so that the end of the pipe blank is extruded by an extrusion die and then has a diameter shrunk, the extrusion die comprises two working sections with different diameters, the two working sections are in smooth transition, the end of a welded pipe enters from a large-diameter end to be extruded, lubricating oil is sprayed on the end of the extrusion die and the end of the welded pipe before being extruded so as to avoid abrasion and surface scratch during extrusion, and after being extruded by the extrusion die with the diameter gradually reduced for 1 time, the outer diameter of the end of the pipe blank is shrunk to be 15% of the original diameter;
(3) and acid pickling treatment: acid cleaning is carried out on the annealed tube blank, rust on the surface is removed, and the hydrochloric acid concentration: 40%, acid washing time: 40 minutes, the neutralization cell was tumbled again, the number of tumblers: 2 times, rolling through a clean water pool, wherein the rolling times are as follows: 3 times;
(4) and phosphorization treatment: forming a chemically formed coating of zinc phosphate on the surface of the tube blank, wherein the phosphorus concentration in the zinc phosphate is as follows: 25%, phosphating solution temperature: 65 ℃, phosphorization time: 10 minutes;
(5) and saponification treatment: forming a lubricating coating such as a metal soap on the coating, wherein the saponification temperature: 70 ℃, saponification time: 35 minutes;
(6) and cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing processing on the pipe blank to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn pipe, wherein the cold drawing process comprises the following steps of: 30mm, maximum drawing force of drawing machine: 150t, cold drawing speed: 15m/min, return speed: 15m/min, cold drawn tube length: a maximum of 13 m;
(7) quenching treatment in an induction furnace: the quenching temperature of the induction furnace is 750 ℃, and the quenching medium is water, so that the residual stress of the tube blank is reduced;
(8) and tempering treatment in a box furnace: the tempering air cooling temperature is-10 to +15 ℃ to reduce the residual stress;
(9) and straightening treatment: and (3) preserving the heat in a low-temperature tempering furnace for 60 minutes, and then performing thermal straightening treatment at the thermal straightening temperature of 10 ℃ to reduce the residual stress.
(10) Cutting a pipe and measuring: and cutting the pipe blank at a fixed length to obtain a target lamp post, and warehousing.
Example 3:
a preparation technology of a cold-drawn lamp pole is characterized in that the cross section of the lamp pole is regular heptagon, each side of the lamp pole is provided with a convex structure, the diameter of the convex structure is 400mm, the wall thickness of the convex structure is 10mm, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
(1) and stress relief annealing: introducing the tube blank into a heating furnace for heating and heat preservation, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain an annealed tube blank, wherein the purpose is to ensure the strength of the steel tube, when the annealing temperature is too high, the processing strain is recovered, the processing hardening effect cannot be obtained, the annealing temperature is 550 ℃, the processing hardening effect can be obtained, and in order to remove the strength deviation of the cold-rolled steel tube, the in-furnace retention time of the cold-rolled steel tube is 20 minutes;
(2) and pointing: the method comprises the following steps that (1) the annealing pipe blank is sharpened, so that the end of the pipe blank is extruded by an extrusion die and then contracted in diameter, the extrusion die comprises two working sections with different diameters, the two working sections are in smooth transition, the end of a welded pipe enters from a large-diameter end to be extruded, lubricating oil is sprayed on the end of the extrusion die and the end of the welded pipe before being extruded so as to avoid abrasion and surface scratch during extrusion, and after being extruded by the extrusion die with the diameter gradually reduced for 1 time, the outer diameter of the end of the pipe blank is contracted to 18 percent of the original diameter;
(3) and acid pickling treatment: acid cleaning is carried out on the annealed tube blank, rust on the surface is removed, and the hydrochloric acid concentration: 40%, acid washing time: 30 minutes, the neutralization cell was tumbled again, the number of tumblers: and 3 times of rolling in a clean water pool, wherein the rolling times are as follows: 3 times;
(4) and phosphorization treatment: forming a chemically formed coating of zinc phosphate on the surface of the tube blank, wherein the concentration of zinc phosphate is: 30%, phosphating solution temperature: at 60 ℃, phosphating time: 15 minutes;
(5) and saponification treatment: forming a lubricating coating such as a metal soap on the coating, wherein the saponification temperature: 78 ℃, saponification time: 30 minutes;
(6) and cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing processing on the pipe blank to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn pipe, wherein the cold drawing process comprises the following steps of: 30mm, maximum drawing force of drawing machine: 120t, cold drawing speed: 10m/min, return speed: 10m/min, cold drawn tube length: a maximum of 13 m;
(7) quenching treatment in an induction furnace: the quenching temperature of the induction furnace is 750 ℃, and the quenching medium is water, so that the residual stress of the tube blank is reduced;
(8) and tempering treatment in a box furnace: the tempering air cooling temperature is-10 to +15 ℃ to reduce the residual stress;
(9) and straightening treatment: and (3) preserving the heat in a low-temperature tempering furnace for 55 minutes, and then performing thermal straightening treatment at the thermal straightening temperature of 12 ℃ to reduce residual stress.
(10) Cutting a pipe and measuring: and cutting the pipe blank to a fixed length, enabling the cut lamp post to be smooth and flat, obtaining a target lamp post, and warehousing.
Example 4:
the cross section of the lamp post is regular pentagon, each side of the lamp post is provided with a convex structure, the diameter of the convex structure is 180mm, the wall thickness of the convex structure is 4mm, and the cold drawing preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) and stress relief annealing: introducing the tube blank into a heating furnace for heating and heat preservation, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging to obtain an annealed tube blank, wherein the purpose is to ensure the strength of the steel tube, when the annealing temperature is too high, the processing strain is recovered, the processing hardening effect cannot be obtained, the annealing temperature is 550 ℃, the processing hardening effect can be obtained, and in order to remove the strength deviation of the cold-rolled steel tube, the in-furnace retention time of the cold-rolled steel tube is 20 minutes;
(2) and pointing: the method comprises the following steps that (1) the annealing pipe blank is sharpened, so that the end of the pipe blank is extruded by an extrusion die and then contracted in diameter, the extrusion die comprises two working sections with different diameters, the two working sections are in smooth transition, the end of a welded pipe enters from a large-diameter end to be extruded, lubricating oil is sprayed on the end of the extrusion die and the end of the welded pipe before being extruded so as to avoid abrasion and surface scratch during extrusion, and after being extruded by the extrusion die with the diameter gradually reduced for 1 time, the outer diameter of the end of the pipe blank is contracted to 18 percent of the original diameter;
(3) and acid pickling treatment: acid cleaning is carried out on the annealed tube blank, rust on the surface is removed, and the hydrochloric acid concentration: 40%, acid washing time: 30 minutes, the neutralization cell was tumbled again, the number of tumblers: and 3 times of rolling in a clean water pool, wherein the rolling times are as follows: 3 times;
(4) and phosphorization treatment: forming a chemically formed coating of zinc phosphate on the surface of the tube blank, wherein the concentration of zinc phosphate is: 30%, phosphating solution temperature: at 60 ℃, phosphating time: 15 minutes;
(5) and saponification treatment: forming a lubricating coating such as a metal soap on the coating, wherein the saponification temperature: 78 ℃, saponification time: 30 minutes;
(6) and cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing processing on the pipe blank to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn pipe, wherein the cold drawing process comprises the following steps of: 30mm, maximum drawing force of drawing machine: 120t, cold drawing speed: 10m/min, return speed: 10m/min, cold drawn tube length: a maximum of 13 m;
(7) quenching treatment in an induction furnace: the quenching temperature of the induction furnace is 750 ℃, and the quenching medium is water, so that the residual stress of the tube blank is reduced;
(8) and tempering treatment in a box furnace: the tempering air cooling temperature is-10 to +15 ℃ to reduce the residual stress;
(9) and straightening treatment: and (3) preserving the heat in a low-temperature tempering furnace for 55 minutes, and then performing thermal straightening treatment at the thermal straightening temperature of 12 ℃ to reduce residual stress.
(10) Cutting a pipe and measuring: and cutting the pipe blank to a fixed length, enabling the cut lamp post to be smooth and flat, obtaining a target lamp post, and warehousing.
The material of the invention can be Q235, Q345 or Q460, etc., the above embodiments adopt a Q235 material tube blank to detect the performance of the lamp pole obtained in the embodiments 1-4,
the surface crack detection adopts the following steps: ultrasonic flaw detector/ray flaw detector
The tensile strength test adopts: material tensile testing machine
The surface roughness test adopts: surface roughness tester
The results are given in the following table:
Claims (10)
1. a preparation process of a cold-drawn lamp post comprises an annealing step, a sharpening step, a cold-drawing pretreatment step and a cold-drawing step, and is characterized in that the annealing temperature adopted in the annealing step is 450-700 ℃; and in the pointing step, the outer diameter of the end of the tube blank is reduced to 10-18% of the original diameter.
2. The process for manufacturing a cold drawn lamp post according to claim 1, wherein the annealing temperature is further preferably 450 ℃ to 550 ℃, and the holding time in the furnace is 10 to 30 minutes.
3. The process for preparing a cold drawn lamp post according to claim 1, wherein in the cold drawing step, the maximum drawing force of the drawing machine is not more than 300t, and the cold drawing speed is as follows: 8-16 m/min, return speed: 8 to 18 m/min.
4. The process for manufacturing a cold drawn lamp post according to claim 3, wherein in the cold drawing step, the cold drawing speed is as follows: 10-15 m/min, return speed: 10 to 15 m/min.
5. The process for preparing a cold drawn lamp post according to claim 3, wherein the lamp post is a regular N-sided polygon, N is greater than or equal to three, and when N is an odd number, the cold drawing speed is as follows: 10-12 m/min, return speed: 10-12 m/min; when N is an even number, the cold drawing speed: 15-16 m/min, return speed: 15 to 18 m/min.
6. A process for manufacturing a cold drawn light pole according to claim 5, wherein the maximum drawing force of the drawing machine is not more than 150 t.
7. The process for preparing a cold drawn lamp post according to claim 1, wherein the cold drawing pretreatment step comprises pickling treatment, phosphating treatment and saponification treatment, the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid in the pickling treatment is 40%, and the pickling time is 30-40 minutes; phosphorus concentration in phosphating solution in phosphating treatment: 20-30%, and the temperature of phosphating solution: at 60-65 ℃, phosphorization time: 10-15 minutes.
8. The process according to claim 7, wherein the saponification temperature of the saponification treatment is: 70-78 ℃, saponification time: 30-40 minutes.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the cold drawn lamp post is prepared by a cold drawing process,
(1) and annealing: annealing the pipe blank at the temperature of 450-700 ℃, and keeping the pipe blank in the furnace for 10-30 minutes;
(2) and pointing: the annealing pipe blank is subjected to pointing treatment, and the outer diameter of the end of the pipe blank is shrunk to 10-18% of the original diameter;
(3) and acid pickling treatment: acid cleaning is carried out on the annealed tube blank, rust on the surface is removed, and the hydrochloric acid concentration: 40%, acid washing time: and (3) rolling for 30-40 minutes in the neutralization tank, wherein the rolling frequency is as follows: 2 ~ 3 times, roll through the clean water basin again, the number of times of rolling: 2-3 times;
(4) and phosphorization treatment: forming a chemically formed coating of zinc phosphate on the surface of the tube blank, wherein the concentration of zinc phosphate is: 20-30%, and the temperature of phosphating solution: at 60-65 ℃, phosphorization time: 10-15 minutes;
(5) and saponification treatment: forming a lubricating coating on the coating, the saponification temperature: 70-78 ℃, saponification time: 30-40 minutes;
(6) and cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing processing on the pipe blank to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn pipe, wherein the maximum drawing force of a drawing machine is as follows: 300t, cold drawing speed: 8-16 m/min, return speed: 8-18 m/min;
(7) quenching treatment in an induction furnace: the quenching temperature of the induction furnace is 600-750 ℃, and the quenching medium is water;
(8) and tempering treatment in a box furnace: the tempering air cooling temperature is-10 to +15 ℃;
(9) and straightening treatment: and (3) preserving heat for 50-60 minutes in a low-temperature tempering furnace, and then performing thermal straightening treatment at the temperature of 10-20 ℃.
10. A lamp post, characterized by being manufactured by the manufacturing process of claims 1-9.
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