CN111496008B - Method for preparing high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for spaceflight - Google Patents

Method for preparing high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for spaceflight Download PDF

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CN111496008B
CN111496008B CN202010383372.2A CN202010383372A CN111496008B CN 111496008 B CN111496008 B CN 111496008B CN 202010383372 A CN202010383372 A CN 202010383372A CN 111496008 B CN111496008 B CN 111496008B
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pipe
caliber
blank
annealing
extrusion
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CN111496008A (en
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张凯悦
姚修楠
蔡文博
譙小瑜
武宇
张锟宇
张录强
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Xi'an Noble Rare Metal Materials Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for aerospace, which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out blanking saw cutting on a TA2 bar, peeling and drilling to obtain a hollow pipe blank; secondly, carrying out hot extrusion on the hollow pipe blank; thirdly, performing surface treatment on the hot extruded tube blank; fourthly, annealing the surface-treated tube blank; fifthly, carrying out multi-roll cold rolling on the annealed pipe blank until the pipe blank is rolled to a TA2 pipe material with the final required size; sixthly, annealing finished products of the TA2 pipe after cold rolling; seventhly, straightening and cropping the finished product annealed TA2 pipe, and finishing to obtain a finished product of the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe. The high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe prepared by the method has good comprehensive performance, high ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate and smooth and flawless inner and outer surfaces, and can meet the use requirements of a TA2 pipe of a liquid rocket engine.

Description

Method for preparing high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for spaceflight
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare metal TA2 pipe processing and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for spaceflight.
Background
The liquid rocket engine is used as an important component of a carrier rocket and has important strategic significance for the development of aerospace industry in China. The pipe used for the engine needs to have good comprehensive performance and high dimensional precision so as to be usable. Compared with nickel-based alloy, stainless steel and the like, the TA2 pipe has high specific strength, low metal density, excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for being used as a small-caliber pipe of a liquid rocket engine. The high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe required by an engine is in a size specification of (phi 8-phi 6) mmx (0.8-1.5) mm, the size precision range of (0-0.05) mm is common, the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe are not allowed to have defects such as cracks, peeling, pinholes and the like, the ultrasonic flaw detection requires that the width of an artificial standard defect is less than 0.3mm, the length is 3-5 mm, and the flaw detection noise is not allowed to exceed 25%.
The traditional processing method of the TA2 pipe is generally obtained by blank preparation (cross piercing or extrusion) and rolling, wherein the total processing rate between cold rolling and annealing is about 65 percent, and the intermediate annealing temperature is 650 ℃. The existing TA2 pipe has small size and specification and high precision requirement, the traditional cold rolling and annealing room has high total processing rate, large yield ratio and low intermediate annealing temperature, so that the plasticity of the material is poor, the elongation is generally 15-18%, the pipe is easy to be processed and hardened in the subsequent continuous rolling process, and the internal stress cannot be completely eliminated, so that a plurality of micro cracks which cannot be observed by naked eyes exist in the pipe after the multi-pass rolling, the surface is accompanied with the defects of scratches, peeling, pinholes and the like, and the pipe can be cracked seriously. Due to the poor surface quality of the pipe, the TA2 pipe is unqualified in the detection result in the ultrasonic flaw detection process, the flaw detection noise exceeds 40 percent, and the rejection rate of the pipe is up to more than 90 percent. Therefore, TA2 pipe prepared by the traditional process cannot be used as liquid rocket engine pipe.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for aerospace, which is feasible, stable in performance and high in ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate of products, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and the method can produce the high-precision high-performance small-caliber TA2 pipe which meets the performance requirements and is suitable for a liquid rocket engine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for preparing a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for aerospace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, carrying out blanking and saw cutting on a TA2 bar to obtain a bar blank, peeling the bar blank, and drilling holes to obtain a hollow tube blank;
step two, hot-extruding the hollow pipe blank in the step one to phi (22 +/-0.2) mmX (4.5 +/-0.2) mm, wherein the heating temperature of the hot extrusion is 730-770 ℃;
step three, carrying out surface treatment on the tube blank subjected to the hot extrusion in the step two, removing surface oxide skin and residual extrusion sheath, and obtaining an extruded tube blank with the size phi (20 +/-0.15) mm multiplied by (3.0 +/-0.15) mm;
step four, annealing the extruded tube blank in the step three, wherein the annealing temperature is 740-760 ℃;
step five, performing multi-roll cold rolling on the extruded tube blank subjected to annealing treatment in the step four, and performing multi-pass cold rolling according to the requirements of the total cold rolling processing rate of 85-90%, the total annealing processing rate of 35-40% and the pass processing rate of 16-25% until the extruded tube blank is rolled to a TA2 tube with the final required size;
sixthly, annealing the finished product of the TA2 pipe in the fifth step, wherein the annealing temperature of the finished product is 670-690 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h;
seventhly, carrying out straightening and cropping treatment on the TA2 pipe annealed in the sixth step, wherein the straightness of the pipe subjected to the straightening cropping treatment is less than or equal to 3mm/m, the head is flush and has no burrs, and a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe finished product is obtained after finishing; the high-precision small caliber is that the caliber is not more than 8mm, and the size precision is 0-0.05 mm.
The method for preparing the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for the aerospace is characterized in that in the second step, the hot-extruded extrusion cylinder is 65mm in phi, the extrusion die is 22 +/-0.2 mm in phi, the extrusion needle is 13 +/-0.2 mm in phi, and the extrusion speed is 80-100 mm/s.
The method for preparing the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for the aerospace use is characterized in that in the rolling process of the fifth step, intermediate annealing treatment is carried out according to the total processing rate requirement of an annealing room, the temperature of the intermediate annealing treatment is 740-760 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h.
The method for preparing the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for aerospace is characterized by further comprising the step of carrying out finished product inspection on the finished product of the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe obtained after seven steps of finishing, and finally obtaining the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe with qualified performance; and the finished product inspection comprises appearance, size and performance detection, ultrasonic flaw detection and water pressure test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention prepares the tube blank by hot extrusion, the stress of the tube blank is three-dimensional compressive stress, the tube blank is extruded at the temperature of 730-770 ℃, the tube blank is dynamically recrystallized, the material structure is finer and more uniform, and the comprehensive performance is better.
2. The TA2 pipe is in a close-packed hexagonal structure at room temperature, has more hot-working crystal slip systems and good comprehensive performance of products, but the yield ratio is increased along with the increase of the total cold-rolling working rate, so that the plasticity of the material is reduced and microcracks are easily generated. The invention can effectively reduce the generation of micro cracks, pits, pinholes and other defects on the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe by multi-roll cold rolling and reducing the cold rolling processing rate, controlling the total cold rolling processing rate to be 85-90%, the total annealing processing rate to be 35-40% and the pass processing rate to be 16-25%. The intermediate annealing temperature is increased, the plasticity of the material is improved, the elongation is increased to 23% -28%, and the cracking and the defects of the pipe in the rolling process are further avoided.
3. The small-caliber TA2 pipe prepared by the method has high dimensional accuracy, the material performance meets the requirements, the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe are smooth and have no defects, the ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate of the pipe is high, the flaw detection noise does not exceed 10 percent, the risk existing in the later use process of the TA2 pipe is further eliminated, and the dimensional accuracy and the performance requirements of the high-accuracy small-caliber TA2 pipe for aerospace are met.
In conclusion, the invention controls the total cold rolling processing rate to be 85-90%, the total annealing processing rate to be 35-40%, the pass processing rate to be 16-25% by controlling the matching of the extrusion specification and the cold rolling processing rate, and improves the annealing temperature to be 740-760 ℃, thereby not only ensuring the good comprehensive performance and size requirement of the TA2 pipe, but also improving the ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate of the TA2 pipe, further stabilizing the product quality, and meeting the use conditions of the liquid rocket engine pipe.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
This example prepares the specification
Figure BDA0002483045570000041
The high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe comprises the following steps:
firstly, sawing a TA2 bar material with the specification of phi 64mm multiplied by L according to the blanking length of 200 mm-240 mm to obtain a bar blank, peeling and drilling the bar blank by using a lathe to obtain a hollow tube blank, wherein the size of the machined tube blank is equal to that of the tube blank
Figure BDA0002483045570000042
The inner hole and the outer circle of the bar billet are chamfered (3-4) mm multiplied by 45 degrees;
step two, carrying out hot extrusion on the hollow pipe blank in the step one, wherein the diameter of an extrusion cylinder is 65mm, and the diameter of an extrusion die is 22±0.2mm, extrusion needle 13±0.2mm, extrusion speed of 90mm/s, billet heating temperature of 750 ℃, straightening the waste heat of the tube blank to a horizontal plane for smooth rolling after extrusion, and ensuring specification phi 22 of the extruded tube blank±0.2×4.5±0.2mm；
Step three, carrying out surface treatment on the tube blank extruded in the step two, removing surface oxide skin and residual extrusion sheath to obtain the tube blank with the size phi of 20±0.15×3.0±0.15Extruding the tube blank with the thickness of mm;
step four, annealing the extruded tube blank in the step three, wherein the annealing temperature is 750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h;
step five, performing multi-roll cold rolling on the tube blank annealed in the step four, and performing multi-pass cold rolling according to the requirements of the total cold rolling processing rate of 85-90%, the total annealing processing rate of 35-40% and the pass processing rate of 16-25% to obtain the tube blank
Figure BDA0002483045570000043
TA2 pipe; the specific cold rolling process comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002483045570000044
Figure BDA0002483045570000045
in the rolling process, intermediate annealing treatment is carried out according to the total processing rate of an annealing room, the intermediate annealing temperature is 740 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the pipe subjected to the intermediate annealing treatment needs to be subjected to the intermediate annealing treatmentThe cleanness and no pollution of the pipe are ensured through oil removal and acid washing;
step six, for step five
Figure BDA0002483045570000046
Annealing the finished product of the TA2 pipe, wherein the annealing temperature is 670 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h;
seventhly, carrying out straightening and cropping treatment on the TA2 pipe annealed in the sixth step, wherein the straightness of the pipe is less than or equal to 3mm/m, the head is flush and has no burr, and a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe finished product is obtained after finishing;
step eight, carrying out finished product inspection on the finished pipe in the step seven, mainly carrying out appearance, size and performance detection, water pressure test, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like, and finally obtaining the finished pipe with excellent comprehensive performance, wherein the flaw detection noise of the pipe is lower than 10%, the yield of the finished pipe exceeds 95%, and the surface quality of the finished pipe is high
Figure BDA0002483045570000051
High-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe.
Prepared in this example
Figure BDA0002483045570000052
The performance test results of the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 example 1
Figure BDA0002483045570000053
High-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe performance test result
Figure BDA0002483045570000054
Example 2
This example prepares the specification
Figure BDA0002483045570000055
The high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe comprises the following steps:
step one, pressing a TA2 bar with the specification of phi 64mm multiplied by LSawing the material with the length of 200-240 mm to obtain a bar blank, peeling and drilling the bar blank by using a lathe to obtain a hollow tube blank, wherein the size of the machined tube blank is
Figure BDA0002483045570000056
The inner hole and the outer chamfer of the bar billet are both (3-4) mm multiplied by 45 degrees;
step two, carrying out hot extrusion on the hollow pipe blank in the step one, wherein the diameter of an extrusion cylinder is 65mm, and the diameter of an extrusion die is 22±0.2mm, extrusion needle 13±0.2mm, the extrusion speed is 80mm/s, the billet heating temperature is 730 ℃, the waste heat of the pipe blank is straightened to the horizontal plane to smoothly roll after the extrusion, and the specification phi 22 of the extruded pipe blank±0.2×4.5±0.2mm；
Step three, carrying out surface treatment on the tube blank extruded in the step two, removing surface oxide skin and residual extrusion sheath to obtain the tube blank with the size phi of 20±0.15×3.0±0.15Extruding the tube blank with the thickness of mm;
step four, annealing the extruded tube blank in the step three, wherein the annealing temperature is 740 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h;
step five, performing multi-roll cold rolling on the tube blank annealed in the step four, and performing multi-pass cold rolling according to the requirements of the total cold rolling processing rate of 85-90%, the total annealing processing rate of 35-40% and the pass processing rate of 16-25% to obtain the tube blank
Figure BDA0002483045570000061
TA2 pipe; the specific cold rolling process comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002483045570000062
Figure BDA0002483045570000063
in the rolling process, intermediate annealing treatment is carried out according to the total processing rate of an annealing room, the intermediate annealing temperature is 750 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the pipe subjected to the intermediate annealing treatment is cleaned and decontaminated by oil removal and acid pickling;
step six, for step five
Figure BDA0002483045570000064
Annealing the finished product of the TA2 pipe at 680 ℃ for 1 h;
seventhly, carrying out straightening and cropping treatment on the TA2 pipe annealed in the sixth step, wherein the straightness of the pipe is less than or equal to 3mm/m, the head is flush and has no burr, and a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe finished product is obtained after finishing;
step eight, carrying out finished product inspection on the finished pipe in the step seven, mainly carrying out appearance, size and performance detection, water pressure test, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like, and finally obtaining the finished pipe with excellent comprehensive performance, wherein the flaw detection noise of the pipe is lower than 10%, the yield exceeds 90%, and the surface quality of the material is high
Figure BDA0002483045570000065
High-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe.
Prepared in this example
Figure BDA0002483045570000066
The performance test results of the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 examples
Figure BDA0002483045570000067
High-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe performance test result
Figure BDA0002483045570000068
Figure BDA0002483045570000071
Example 3
This example prepares the specification
Figure BDA0002483045570000072
The high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe comprises the following steps:
step one, the specification is phi 64mm multiplied by LSawing a TA2 titanium rod according to the blanking length of 200-240 mm to obtain a rod blank, peeling and drilling the rod blank by using a lathe to obtain a hollow tube blank, wherein the size of the machined tube blank is
Figure BDA0002483045570000073
The inner hole and the outer chamfer of the bar billet are both (3-4) mm multiplied by 45 degrees;
step two, carrying out hot extrusion on the hollow pipe blank in the step one, wherein the diameter of an extrusion cylinder is 65mm, and the diameter of an extrusion die is 22±0.2mm, extrusion needle 13±0.2mm, extrusion speed of 100mm/s, billet heating temperature of 770 ℃, straightening the waste heat of the tube blank to a horizontal plane for smooth rolling after extrusion, and ensuring specification phi 22 of the extruded tube blank±0.2×4.5±0.2mm；
Step three, carrying out surface treatment on the tube blank extruded in the step two, removing surface oxide skin and residual extrusion sheath to obtain the tube blank with the size phi of 20±0.15×3.0±0.15Extruding the tube blank with the thickness of mm;
step four, annealing the extruded tube blank in the step three, wherein the annealing temperature is 760 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h;
step five, performing multi-roll cold rolling on the tube blank annealed in the step four, and performing multi-pass cold rolling according to the requirements of the total cold rolling processing rate of 85-90%, the total annealing processing rate of 35-40% and the pass processing rate of 16-25% to obtain the tube blank
Figure BDA0002483045570000074
TA2 pipe; the specific cold rolling process comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002483045570000075
Figure BDA0002483045570000076
performing intermediate annealing treatment according to the total processing rate of an annealing room in the rolling process, wherein the intermediate annealing temperature is 760 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the pipe subjected to the intermediate annealing treatment is cleaned and decontaminated by oil and acid cleaning;
step six, for step five
Figure BDA0002483045570000077
Annealing the finished product of the TA2 pipe at 690 ℃ for 1 h;
seventhly, carrying out straightening and cropping treatment on the TA2 pipe annealed in the sixth step, wherein the straightness of the pipe is less than or equal to 3mm/m, the head is flush and has no burr, and a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe finished product is obtained after finishing;
step eight, carrying out finished product inspection on the finished pipe in the step seven, mainly carrying out appearance, size and performance detection, water pressure test, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like, and finally obtaining the finished pipe with excellent comprehensive performance, wherein the flaw detection noise of the pipe is lower than 10%, the yield exceeds 90%, and the surface quality of the material is high
Figure BDA0002483045570000081
High-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe.
Prepared in this example
Figure BDA0002483045570000082
The performance test results of the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 example 3
Figure BDA0002483045570000083
High-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe performance test result
Figure BDA0002483045570000084
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for preparing a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe for aerospace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, carrying out blanking and saw cutting on a TA2 bar to obtain a bar blank, peeling the bar blank, and drilling holes to obtain a hollow tube blank;
step two, hot-extruding the hollow pipe blank in the step one to phi (22 +/-0.2) mmX (4.5 +/-0.2) mm, wherein the heating temperature of the hot extrusion is 730-770 ℃; the phi 65mm of an extrusion cylinder for hot extrusion, the phi 22 +/-0.2 mm of an extrusion die, the phi 13 +/-0.2 mm of an extrusion needle and the extrusion speed of 80-100 mm/s;
step three, carrying out surface treatment on the tube blank subjected to the hot extrusion in the step two, removing surface oxide skin and residual extrusion sheath, and obtaining an extruded tube blank with the size phi (20 +/-0.15) mm multiplied by (3.0 +/-0.15) mm;
step four, annealing the extruded tube blank in the step three, wherein the annealing temperature is 740-760 ℃;
step five, performing multi-roll cold rolling on the extruded tube blank subjected to annealing treatment in the step four, and performing multi-pass cold rolling according to the requirements of the total cold rolling processing rate of 85-90%, the total annealing processing rate of 35-40% and the pass processing rate of 16-25% until the extruded tube blank is rolled to a TA2 tube with the final required size; performing intermediate annealing treatment according to the requirement of the total processing rate of an annealing room in the rolling process, wherein the temperature of the intermediate annealing treatment is 740-760 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h;
sixthly, annealing the finished product of the TA2 pipe in the fifth step, wherein the annealing temperature of the finished product is 670-690 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h;
seventhly, carrying out straightening and cropping treatment on the TA2 pipe annealed in the sixth step, wherein the straightness of the pipe subjected to the straightening cropping treatment is less than or equal to 3mm/m, the head is flush and has no burrs, and a high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe finished product is obtained after finishing; the high-precision small caliber is that the caliber is not more than 8mm, and the dimensional precision is 0-0.05 mm;
step eight, carrying out finished product inspection on the finished product of the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe obtained after the finishing in the step seven, and finally obtaining the high-precision small-caliber TA2 pipe with qualified performance; and the finished product inspection comprises appearance, size and performance detection, ultrasonic flaw detection and water pressure test.
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