CN102632094B - Method for improving surface quality of titanium and titanium alloy pipes and drawing die - Google Patents
Method for improving surface quality of titanium and titanium alloy pipes and drawing die Download PDFInfo
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- CN102632094B CN102632094B CN201210123277.4A CN201210123277A CN102632094B CN 102632094 B CN102632094 B CN 102632094B CN 201210123277 A CN201210123277 A CN 201210123277A CN 102632094 B CN102632094 B CN 102632094B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drawing die comprising an outer die for determining the outer diameter of a pipe and a movable core print for determining the inner diameter of the pipe, wherein the outer die half-cone angle alpha of the outer die is 10-20 degrees; the fixed-diameter section 1 of the outer die is 0.5mm-3mm long; the radius R of a transitional circular arc between the conical section and the fixed-diameter section 1 of the outer die is 5mm-8mm; the core print half-cone angle beta of the core print is 5-18 degrees; and the fixed-diameter section 2 of the movable core print is 0.5mm-5mm long. The invention also discloses a method for improving the surface quality of titanium and titanium alloy pipes by using the drawing die. With the drawing die provided in the invention, surface rolling friction in the traditional cold rolling deformation of the titanium and titanium alloy pipes can be changed into sliding friction; therefore, the shortcomings of pipe surface pits, wrinkles, microcracks and the like easily caused by repeated rolling compaction of the die during rolling are reduced, and the purpose of improving the quality of both the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipes is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nonferrous materials processing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method and drawing mould that improves titanium or titanium alloy tube surfaces quality.
Background technology
Along with developing by leaps and bounds of aerospace industry, present generation aircraft and engine are more and more higher to the requirement of performance, particularly loss of weight index are had higher requirement.Titanium or titanium alloy tubing, because of advantages such as specific strength are high, corrosion resistance is good, nonmagnetic, linear expansion coefficient is little, has been widely used in various aircrafts and engine both at home and abroad and has done lubricated and fuel piping system.Conventionally the titanium or titanium alloy size of pipe and tubing less (diameter is not more than 20mm) that aviation pipe-line system is used, and work condition environment is severe, therefore to selecting the specification requirement of titanium pipe extremely tight, and requires to carry out the Non-Destructive Testing ultrasonic, eddy current is dual.Meanwhile, the factor such as small dimension titanium pipe work flow is long, preparation efficiency is low, internal surface of pipe quality is wayward, causes engine extremely low by the yield rate of titanium pipe.
Tube surfaces quality is huge on the processing performance of tubing and the impact of follow-up serviceability, and the defects such as the pit of tubing surfaces externally and internally, orange peel, wrinkle, micro-crack easily cause the processing performances such as enlarging, flattening, bending sharply to decline.The method of processing at present titanium alloy pipe blemish has outer surface to scrape to repair, pickling, it is several that inner surface has bore hole, grinding, jet strong acid to wash etc., wherein bore hole easily causes that wall thickness dimension deviation is large, efficiency is low, especially when pipe internal diameter is less than Φ 20mm, bore hole cost increases doubly, efficiency is lower, even cannot operate; Grinding can guarantee good wall thickness dimension precision, but production efficiency is low, and processing cost is high, improper batch production, and cannot carry out milled processed for the less tubing of diameter; It is high that jet strong acid is washed efficiency, can well process the inner surface of minor caliber pipe, but equipment is complicated, acid concentration is unstable, environment is easily polluted.
Traditional small-bore titanium pipe processing technique adopts multiroll rolling, add man-hour tubing surfaces externally and internally and be all subject to force of rolling friction effect along rolling direction, in the operation of rolling, interlock has aggravated the sticking to mould degree between material and mould repeatedly, repeatedly roll and easily cause tube surfaces to produce the defects such as pit, wrinkle, and defect in inner surface cannot effectively be removed in traditional small-bore titanium alloy pipe technology of preparing, thereby the decline of production tube surface quality and yield rate reduction have been aggravated.The drawing technique that moves about is the universal method of the yielding metal pipe materials of cubic system such as production of copper, steel, during drawing, tube surfaces is subject to force of sliding friction effect, and superficial layer three-dimensional compressive stress distortion can be imitated and reduced and reduce that original surface is micro-to lack, improve sticking to mould and repeatedly roll.But titanium or titanium alloy is close-packed hexagonal structure at normal temperatures, the slip system that can participate in distortion is few, during plastic deformation also can there is directional rotating and form texture in the orientation of each crystal grain, the foundation that tubing is subtracted to wall process mechanical balance system has proposed very high request, especially this bottleneck of small-bore (Φ 6～20mm) titanium pipe attenuate drawing, domesticly not yet captures for many years.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, to provide drawing mould a kind of simple in structure, reasonable in design.Adopt this drawing mould can make surperficial rolling friction in titanium or titanium alloy tubing traditional cold rolling deformation change into sliding friction state, reduce the defects such as tube surfaces pit that operation of rolling mould rolls easy formation repeatedly, wrinkle, micro-crack, reach the object that improves tubing surfaces externally and internally quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method that improves titanium or titanium alloy tube surfaces quality, the drawing mould that the method adopts comprises for the external mold of definite tube outer diameter with for determining the floating core head of pipe internal diameter, it is characterized in that, the external mold semi-cone angle α of described external mold is 10 °～20 °, the length of the sizing section one of described external mold is 0.5mm～3mm, and the radius R of the excessive circular arc between the conical section of described external mold and sizing section one is 5mm～8mm; The core print semi-cone angle β of described floating core head is 5 °～18 °, the length of the sizing section two of described floating core head is 0.5mm～5mm, it is characterized in that, the method is: the titanium pipe obtaining through pair rolling or titanium alloy pipe are carried out to conventional heat treatment, make tube surfaces form the oxide-film of one deck densification, obtain drawing pipe; Then to drawing internal surface of bloom, fill with and be coated with traditional lubrication agent, and smear traditional lubrication agent to drawing outer surface of tube blank; Then by drawing pipe one end swaging, put into floating core head, external mold is put into in one end of drawing pipe swaging and carry out drawing, obtain drawing pipes; Again drawing pipes being carried out to conventional oil removal treatment, conventional pickling processes and conventional annealing successively processes; Finally the drawing pipes aligning through conventional annealing in process is obtained to high-quality titanium pipe or titanium alloy pipe, or the drawing pipes through conventional annealing in process is carried out to conventional finish rolling, aligning obtains high-quality titanium pipe or titanium alloy pipe; Described high-quality refers to that the inside and outside surface roughness of tubing is all not more than 1.6 μ m.
A kind of above-mentioned method that improves titanium or titanium alloy tube surfaces quality, is characterized in that, large 2 °～6 ° than core print semi-cone angle β of described external mold semi-cone angle α.
A kind of above-mentioned method that improves titanium or titanium alloy tube surfaces quality, is characterized in that, the external diameter of described high-quality titanium pipe or titanium alloy pipe is 6mm～20mm, and wall thickness is 0.05～0.125 with the ratio of external diameter.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, drawing mould of the present invention is simple in structure, reasonable in design.
2, the tubing of the present invention after to conventional split rolling method carries out tube drawing with floating plug, can make surperficial rolling friction in titanium or titanium alloy tubing traditional cold rolling deformation change into sliding friction state, reduce the defects such as tube surfaces pit that operation of rolling mould rolls easy formation repeatedly, wrinkle, micro-crack, reach the object that improves tubing surfaces externally and internally quality.
3, the present invention adopts floating core head realization to subtract wall drawing, makes tube surfaces smooth, not only improves the surface quality of tubing, and has improved the distribution of finished product tubing internal residual stress, and tubing is improved service life.
4, the present invention adopts tube drawing with floating plug can realize the large tube reducing distortion of single pass, and pair rolling technique reduces a series of production processes such as oil removing, pickling, heat treatment relatively, significantly improves production efficiency.
5, adopt method of the present invention can well improve the surface quality of titanium or titanium alloy tubing, and increase substantially product percent of pass.As adopt common process to manufacture the small dimension TA16 tubing of Φ 6mm * 0.75mm * 1000mm～6000mm, use length 3mm, width 0.3mm, the degree of depth is that the standard wound of 0.05mm is carried out the standard wound that ultrasonic examination and four through holes are Φ 0.3mm and carried out eddy current inspection, lumber recovery is only 20%～35%, and selects the TA16 tubing qualification rate of the inventive method manufacture to reach more than 70%.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of drawing mould of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the SEM photo of the TA18 titanium alloy pipe inner surface of the embodiment of the present invention 1 manufacture.
Fig. 3 is for adopting the SEM photo of the TA18 titanium alloy pipe inner surface of pair rolling technique manufacture.
Description of reference numerals:
1-external mold; 2-floating core head; 3-tubing;
4-conical section; 5-sizing section one; 6-sizing section two.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the drawing mould of the present embodiment comprises for the external mold 1 of definite tubing 3 external diameters with for determining the floating core head 2 of tubing 3 internal diameters, the external mold semi-cone angle α of described external mold 1 is 10 °, the length of the sizing section 1 of described external mold 1 is 0.5mm, and the conical section 4 of described external mold 1 and the radius R of the excessive circular arc between sizing section 1 are 5mm; The core print semi-cone angle β of described floating core head 2 is 5 °, and the length of the sizing section 26 of described floating core head 2 is 0.5mm.
The method that the present embodiment adopts above-mentioned drawing mould to improve titanium pipe surface quality is: select chemical analysis to meet the cold rolling tubing of Φ 19mm * 1.6mm specification TA18 of GB/T3520.2-2007 standard-required, tubing carries out the conventional heat treatment of 700 ℃/1.5h after pickling, oven dry, make tube surfaces form the oxide-film of one deck densification, obtain drawing pipe; Then to drawing internal surface of bloom, pour into traditional lubrication agent, and smear traditional lubrication agent to drawing outer surface of tube blank; Then by drawing pipe one end swaging, put into floating core head 2, external mold 1 is put into in one end of drawing pipe swaging, utilize above-mentioned drawing mould to carry out drawing, be drawn to the drawing pipes of Φ 16mm * 1.5mm; Drawing pipes is carried out successively to the conventional vacuum annealing of conventional oil removal treatment, conventional pickling processes and 650 ℃/1.5 hours and process, aligning, crop end, obtains high-quality TA18 titanium alloy pipe.
The roughness Ra on the inside and outside surface of TA18 titanium alloy pipe of the present embodiment manufacture is 1.2 μ m, and flaw detection qualification rate reaches 80%.The SEM photo of its inner surface as shown in Figure 2, compare with the TA18 titanium pipe inner surface (see figure 3) of pair rolling technique manufacture, the metal flow of drawn and rolled tube inner surface has significant directionality, and can observe the defects such as obvious fold, pit, the density of its inner surface and smooth degree are all poor compared with drawing pipes.
As shown in Figure 1, the drawing mould of the present embodiment comprises for the external mold 1 of definite tubing 3 external diameters with for determining the floating core head 2 of tubing 3 internal diameters, the external mold semi-cone angle α of described external mold 1 is 20 °, the length of the sizing section 1 of described external mold 1 is 3mm, and the conical section 4 of described external mold 1 and the radius R of the excessive circular arc between sizing section 1 are 8mm; The core print semi-cone angle β of described floating core head 2 is 18 °, and the length of the sizing section 26 of described floating core head 2 is 5mm.
The method that the present embodiment adopts above-mentioned drawing mould to improve titanium alloy pipe surface quality is: select chemical analysis to meet the cold rolling tubing of Φ 14mm * 1.3mm specification TA2 of GB/T3520.2-2007 standard-required, tubing is dried after oil removing pickling, carry out the conventional heat treatment of 600 ℃/1h, make tube surfaces form the oxide-film of one deck densification, obtain drawing pipe; Then to drawing internal surface of bloom, pour into traditional lubrication agent, and smear traditional lubrication agent to drawing outer surface of tube blank; Then by drawing pipe one end swaging, put into floating core head 2, external mold 1 is put into in one end of drawing pipe swaging, utilize above-mentioned drawing mould to carry out drawing, a time is drawn the drawing pipes into Φ 11mm * 1.20mm; Drawing pipes is carried out successively to the conventional vacuum annealing of conventional oil removal treatment, conventional pickling processes and 750 ℃/1.5h and process, aligning, crop end, obtains high-quality TA2 titanium pipe.
The roughness Ra on the inside and outside surface of TA2 titanium pipe of the present embodiment manufacture is 0.7 μ m.
As shown in Figure 1, the drawing mould of the present embodiment comprises for the external mold 1 of definite tubing 3 external diameters with for determining the floating core head 2 of tubing 3 internal diameters, the external mold semi-cone angle α of described external mold 1 is 15 °, the length of the sizing section 1 of described external mold 1 is 2mm, and the conical section 4 of described external mold 1 and the radius R of the excessive circular arc between sizing section 1 are 6mm; The core print semi-cone angle β of described floating core head 2 is 9 °, and the length of the sizing section 26 of described floating core head 2 is 3mm.
The method that the present embodiment adopts above-mentioned drawing mould to improve titanium alloy pipe surface quality is: select chemical analysis to meet the cold rolling tubing of Φ 12.7mm * 2mm specification TA16 alloy of GB/T3520.2-2007 standard-required, tubing is carried out to oil removal treatment and the conventional heat treatment of 700 ℃/1.5h, make tube surfaces form the oxide-film of one deck densification, obtain drawing pipe; Then to drawing internal surface of bloom, pour into traditional lubrication agent, and smear traditional lubrication agent to drawing outer surface of tube blank; Then by drawing pipe one end swaging, put into floating core head 2, external mold 1 is put into in one end of drawing pipe swaging, utilize above-mentioned drawing mould to carry out drawing, a time drawing is the drawing pipes of Φ 9.5mm * 1.9mm; Drawing pipes being carried out successively to the conventional vacuum annealing of conventional oil removal treatment, conventional pickling processes and 720 ℃/1.5h processes, finally the tubing after annealing is rolling to Φ 6mm * 0.75mm through 2～3 passages on three roller finishing mills, aligning, crop end, obtains high-quality TA16 titanium alloy pipe.
The roughness Ra on the inside and outside surface of TA16 titanium alloy pipe of the present embodiment manufacture is 1.6 μ m.Adopt length 3mm, width 0.3mm, the degree of depth is that the standard wound of 0.05mm is carried out ultrasonic examination to the TA16 titanium alloy pipe of the present embodiment manufacture, and adopting the standard wound that four through holes are Φ 0.3mm to carry out eddy current inspection to the TA16 titanium alloy pipe of the present embodiment manufacture, tubing qualification rate reaches more than 70%; And adopting same way to detect a flaw to the small dimension TA16 tubing of the Φ 6mm * 0.75mm * 1000mm～6000mm of common process manufacture, lumber recovery is only 20%～35%.
As shown in Figure 1, the drawing mould of the present embodiment comprises for the external mold 1 of definite tubing 3 external diameters with for determining the floating core head 2 of tubing 3 internal diameters, the external mold semi-cone angle α of described external mold 1 is 16 °, the length of the sizing section 1 of described external mold 1 is 2mm, and the conical section 4 of described external mold 1 and the radius R of the excessive circular arc between sizing section 1 are 7mm; The core print semi-cone angle β of described floating core head 2 is 10 °, and the length of the sizing section 26 of described floating core head 2 is 2mm.
The method that the present embodiment adopts above-mentioned drawing mould to improve titanium alloy pipe surface quality is: select chemical analysis to meet the cold rolling tubing of Φ 23mm * 1.2mm specification TA24 alloy of GB/T3520.2-2007 standard-required; Tubing is carried out to oil removal treatment and the processing of 750 ℃/1.5h atmospheric heat, make tube surfaces form the oxide-film of one deck densification, obtain drawing pipe; Then to drawing internal surface of bloom, pour into traditional lubrication agent, and smear traditional lubrication agent to drawing outer surface of tube blank; Then by drawing pipe one end swaging, put into floating core head 2, external mold 1 is put into in one end of drawing pipe swaging, utilize above-mentioned drawing mould to carry out drawing, a time is drawn the drawing pipes into Φ 20mm * 1.0mm; Drawing pipes is carried out successively to the vacuum annealing of conventional oil removal treatment, conventional pickling processes and 750 ℃/1.5h and process, aligning, crop end, obtains high-quality TA24 titanium alloy pipe.
The roughness Ra on the inside and outside surface of TA24 titanium alloy pipe of the present embodiment manufacture is 1.1 μ m.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 1, the drawing mould of the present embodiment comprises for the external mold 1 of definite tubing 3 external diameters with for determining the floating core head 2 of tubing 3 internal diameters, the external mold semi-cone angle α of described external mold 1 is 14 °, the length of the sizing section 1 of described external mold 1 is 1mm, and the conical section 4 of described external mold 1 and the radius R of the excessive circular arc between sizing section 1 are 8mm; The core print semi-cone angle β of described floating core head 2 is 10 °, and the length of the sizing section 26 of described floating core head 2 is 2mm.
The method that the present embodiment adopts above-mentioned drawing mould to improve titanium alloy pipe surface quality is: select chemical analysis to meet the cold rolling tubing of Φ 15.7mm * 1.4mm specification TB5 alloy of GB/T3520.2-2007 standard-required; Tubing is carried out to oil removal treatment and the processing of 800 ℃/1h atmospheric heat, make tube surfaces form the oxide-film of one deck densification, obtain drawing pipe; Then to drawing internal surface of bloom, pour into traditional lubrication agent, and smear traditional lubrication agent to drawing outer surface of tube blank; Then by drawing pipe one end swaging, put into floating core head 2, external mold 1 is put into in one end of drawing pipe swaging, utilize above-mentioned drawing mould to carry out drawing, a time is drawn the semi-finished product tubing into Φ 13mm * 1.3mm, continues the second passage and draws the drawing pipes into Φ 10mm * 1.2mm; Drawing pipes is carried out, after conventional oil removing, conventional pickling processes, first carrying out the vacuum air-quenching solution heat treatment of 800 ℃/1h successively, carry out subsequently the heat treatment of 500 ℃/8h vacuum aging, align subsequently, crop end, obtains high-quality TB5 titanium alloy pipe.
The roughness Ra on the inside and outside surface of TB5 titanium alloy pipe of the present embodiment manufacture is 0.9 μ m.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to the technology of the present invention essence, change and equivalence change, and all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a method that improves titanium or titanium alloy tube surfaces quality, the drawing mould that the method adopts comprises for the external mold (1) of definite tubing (3) external diameter with for determining the floating core head (2) of tubing (3) internal diameter, the external mold semi-cone angle α of described external mold (1) is 10 °～20 °, the length of the sizing section one (5) of described external mold (1) is 0.5mm～3mm, and the conical section (4) of described external mold (1) and the radius R of the excessive circular arc between sizing section one (5) are 5mm～8mm; The core print semi-cone angle β of described floating core head (2) is 5 °～18 °, the length of the sizing section two (6) of described floating core head (2) is 0.5mm～5mm, it is characterized in that, the method is: the titanium pipe obtaining through pair rolling or titanium alloy pipe are carried out to conventional heat treatment, make tube surfaces form the oxide-film of one deck densification, obtain drawing pipe; Then to drawing internal surface of bloom, fill with and be coated with traditional lubrication agent, and smear traditional lubrication agent to drawing outer surface of tube blank; Then by drawing pipe one end swaging, put into floating core head (2), external mold (1) is put into in one end of drawing pipe swaging and carry out drawing, obtain drawing pipes; Again drawing pipes being carried out to conventional oil removal treatment, conventional pickling processes and conventional annealing successively processes; Finally the drawing pipes aligning through conventional annealing in process is obtained to high-quality titanium pipe or titanium alloy pipe, or the drawing pipes through conventional annealing in process is carried out to conventional finish rolling, aligning obtains high-quality titanium pipe or titanium alloy pipe; Described high-quality refers to that the inside and outside surface roughness of tubing is all not more than 1.6 μ m.
2. a kind of method that improves titanium or titanium alloy tube surfaces quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, large 2 °～6 ° than core print semi-cone angle β of described external mold semi-cone angle α.
3. a kind of method that improves titanium or titanium alloy tube surfaces quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the external diameter of described high-quality titanium pipe or titanium alloy pipe is 6mm～20mm, and wall thickness is 0.05～0.125 with the ratio of external diameter.
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| CN201210123277.4A CN102632094B (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Method for improving surface quality of titanium and titanium alloy pipes and drawing die |
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| CN201210123277.4A CN102632094B (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Method for improving surface quality of titanium and titanium alloy pipes and drawing die |
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Families Citing this family (13)
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| CN102814348B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-12-31 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Lubricant for wall reduction and drawing of titanium alloy pipe and using method thereof |
| JP2016172266A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Method of mounting ring gear on differential case |
| CN105344727A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 重庆西重特种铝业有限公司 | Reducing die |
| CN108126994A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-06-08 | 中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司 | A kind of thin-wall aluminum alloy tube-drawing mold |
| CN107858631A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-03-30 | 西安赛特思迈钛业有限公司 | A kind of Φ 3mm Φ 10mm titanium alloy wire continuous oxidation system and methods |
| CN107891068B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2023-11-24 | 王家聪 | Cold drawing die for improving spiral defect of inner hole of steel pipe |
| CN109500118B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2023-06-09 | 重庆龙煜精密铜管有限公司 | Anti-jump moving core head and copper pipe reducing drawing anti-jump method |
| CN110814069A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 龙口市龙蓬精密铜管有限公司 | Production method of semi-hard copper straight pipe and drawing die thereof |
| CN111069445B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-03-02 | 江阴和宏精工科技有限公司 | Wall thickness control method for expanding and drawing copper pipe |
| CN111842517A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司 | Cold drawing die for ribbed cladding tube, production process and finished tube thereof |
| CN112958642A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-15 | 重庆龙煜精密铜管有限公司 | Continuous drawing forming process for double-lug special pipe |
| CN113290066A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 重庆龙煜精密铜管有限公司 | Production process for stretched copper pipe |
| CN115069801B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-10-24 | 北京科技大学 | Multi-pass drawing forming process for cladding tube with straight ribs and cladding tube |
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| CN102172822A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-09-07 | 上海奉贤钢管厂 | Processing technology for high-precision heavy wall pipe |
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