CN112053003A - Scheduling method of intermediate storage tank in crude oil conveying process - Google Patents
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scheduling method of an intermediate storage tank in a crude oil conveying process, which is used for scheduling and scheduling the intermediate storage tank from a wharf to a factory area in the crude oil conveying process by adopting a similar sequencing, continuous monitoring, model correction and rolling optimization method, wherein one scheduling period is divided into a plurality of short periods, and solved short period scheduling schemes are combined to form a total scheduling scheme after each short period is optimized in a rolling manner. The method has the advantages of small calculation scale and high solving speed, can timely sense emergencies such as equipment faults and the like, can efficiently arrange the dump of crude oil from the oil tanker to the intermediate storage tank, reduces the lag cost of the oil tanker, and reduces the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of production scheduling of refining and chemical enterprises, in particular to a scheduling method of an intermediate storage tank in a crude oil conveying process.
Background
In the daily production of a refinery enterprise, the scheduling of the intermediate storage tank is often completed manually, and the process of the oil pipeline is complex, and the flow constraint is more, for example, the properties of the crude oil currently stored in the storage tank are the same as or similar to those of the crude oil conveyed by the oil pipeline; in addition, the limited number and capacity of storage tanks and the long time span for a single dispatch make scheduling of oil transfer schemes difficult.
The existing crude oil storage and transportation scheduling methods mostly adopt pure mixed integer programming methods, and the methods have the following problems:
1) instability of optimal solution outcome: the pure mixed integer programming method converts the scheduling problem into a mixed integer programming problem to solve so as to obtain an optimal feasible scheme, but the model established by the method has large solving scale, so that the solving time is long, the optimal solution output is unstable, and the normal storage and transportation arrangement of the oil refining enterprise is directly influenced.
2) The self-adaptive adjusting capacity is not available: the pure mixed integer programming method is often one-time optimization and is executed for a long time. Therefore, when abnormal conditions such as equipment failure occur in the oil refining process, the scheduling scheme cannot be adjusted quickly according to the equipment condition fed back by the system, and the scheduling adaptive capacity is weak.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a scheduling method of an intermediate storage tank in the crude oil conveying process in order to reduce the problem solving scale, reduce the solving time, improve the stability of the optimal solution output and timely sense the equipment fault adjustment scheduling scheme. The method has the characteristics of similar sequencing, continuous monitoring, model correction and rolling optimization, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) sequencing the alternative oil receiving storage tanks from high to low according to the similarity degree of the properties of the crude oil, and specifically comprising the following steps:
a) checking the availability of the intermediate storage tank, wherein the available storage tank is used as a spare storage tank, and the unavailable storage tank is removed;
b) and (3) carrying out normalization treatment on the crude oil property indexes:
in the formula (1), QNor,jNormalized index, Q, representing the property of the j-th crude oiljAn index, Q, representing the j-th crude oil property before normalizationj,minMinimum value, Q, of j-th crude oil property index in all tankers and intermediate storage tanksj,maxRepresents the maximum value of the jth crude oil property indicator in all tankers and intermediate storage tanks;
c) calculating the Euclidean distance between the properties of the crude oil stored by the oil tanker and the properties of the crude oil stored by the intermediate storage tank:
q in formula (2)ST,n,jThe j [ th ] crude oil property index Q representing the current oil storage of the n [ th ] intermediate storage tankV,v,jThe property index of the jth crude oil currently stored by the v oil tanker is represented, Dst (n, v, u) represents the Euclidean distance between the property of the uth crude oil stored by the v oil tanker and the property of the uth crude oil stored by the n intermediate storage tank, and the smaller the Dst (n, v, u), the more similar the properties of the two crude oils;
d) sorting the priorities of the oil receiving storage tanks according to the Euclidean distance from small to large to obtain an oil receiving storage tank sorting queue Seq { d }iWhere i is 1 … STN, diIndicating an intermediate tank number, STN indicating the total number of intermediate tanks;
2) establishing a mixed integer programming model, which comprises the following specific steps:
a) determining a decision variable specifically comprises: flow F of oil pipelineVSCrude oil key component flow f of oil pipelineVSOil tanker oil storage VVOil storage capacity V of intermediate storage tankSAnd the oil storage quality M of the intermediate storage tankSMass M of key component of crude oil in intermediate storage tankCompAnd a decision variable D of 0-1 for operating the tanker to transfer crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVS；
b) Determining an optimization objective as an objective function for minimizing the operation cost, specifically:
in equation (3), min (cost) represents that the objective function is targeted to minimize the operation cost, CWAIT,vRepresenting the lag cost of berthing the terminal at each moment of the V-th tanker, VV,v,tAnd the oil tanker oil storage quantity with the time t number v is shown, TC is the time number contained in the scheduling production time period, and VN is the number of arriving wharf oil tankers in the scheduling period.
c) Determining a constraint condition set COTs (COTs) meeting the requirements of the crude oil storage and transportation link of the intermediate storage tank in the oil refining process in the optimization model, wherein the constraint conditions are as follows:
i. operating rules, at any time t, the v-th tanker can only dump crude oil to one tank:
d in formula (4)VS,v,n,tA decision variable of 0-1, which represents the decision of the nth tanker to transfer oil to the nth intermediate tank at time t, 0 is no transfer, 1 is transfer, SVNIs the set of ship tankers {1.,. VN }, S } arriving at port in the scheduling periodTCIs a set of time intervals {1.., TC } within a scheduling period;
tanker material balance constraint:
v in formula (5)V,v,tRepresenting the oil reserve, V, of the V-th tanker at time tV,v,0Representing the initial oil reserve of the v-th tanker in the current scheduling period, FVS,v,n,iShows the flow F of the oil pipeline when the v-th oil tanker transfers oil to the n-th intermediate tank at the time of iVSWherein i<＝t；
intermediate tank material balance constraints:
v in formula (6)S,n,tIndicating the reserve volume, V, of the nth intermediate tank at time tS,n,0Indicating the initial reserve, S, of the nth intermediate tank during the current scheduling periodSTNRepresents a set {1.. STN } of intermediate tanks within a scheduling period;
m in formula (7)S,n,tRepresenting the quality of the oil in the nth intermediate tank at time t, MS,n,0Represents the initial oil storage quality, rho, of the nth intermediate tank in the current scheduling periodV,vRepresenting the density of the crude oil stored in the v-th tanker;
flow constraint for oil pipeline:
in the formula (8), FVS,v,n,minRepresenting the minimum flow of the oil line when transferring oil from the v-th tanker to the n-th intermediate tank, FVS,v,n,maxRepresenting the maximum flow from the v-th tanker to the n-th intermediate tank pipeline, FVS,v,n,tShowing the flow F of the oil pipeline when the v-th oil tanker transfers oil to the n-th intermediate tank at time tVS；
v. intermediate tank reserve constraint:
v in formula (9)S,n,minRepresents the lower limit value, V, of the storage capacity of the nth intermediate tankS,n,maxThe upper limit value of the oil storage capacity of the nth intermediate storage tank is shown;
tanker oil reserve constraint:
v in formula (10)S,n,minTo representV lower limit of oil storage of oil tanker, VS,n,maxRepresenting the upper limit value of the oil storage capacity of the v-th oil tanker;
material balance constraint of a key component p in the intermediate storage tank:
m in formula (11)Comp,p,n,tRepresenting the mass, M, of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tank at time tComp,p,n,0Representing the initial quality of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tank in the scheduling period, fVS,p,v,n,iRepresenting the mass flow of a key component p in the oil pipeline when oil is transferred from a v-th oil tanker to an n-th intermediate tank at time i, where i<T, the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (12) < omega >V,v,qRepresents the concentration, S, of a key component p of the v-th tankerCompRepresents a set of key components {1.. CN };
reserve constraints for key component p in the intermediate storage tank:
in formula (13) < omega >S,n,p,minRepresents the lower limit, ω, of the concentration of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tankS,n,p,maxRepresents the upper limit of the concentration of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tank.
3) Will schedule the total time length TallDivided into r roll optimization periods of time length TC, TallR is the number of rolling cycles;
4) and (3) carrying out r-round rolling optimization, wherein each round of rolling optimization comprises the following specific steps:
a) determining the input variable of the optimization solver as the oil storage volume V of the oil tankerVOil storage capacity V of intermediate storage tankSOil storage quality of intermediate storage tankMSMass M of key component of crude oil in intermediate storage tankCompAnd a decision variable D of 0-1 for operating the tanker to transfer crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVSUpper flow limit F of oil pipelineVS,maxAnd a lower limit FVS,min；
b) Determining an initial value V of the oil storage capacity of the oil tanker according to the input variables of the optimization solver and the current conditions of the oil tanker, the storage tank and the oil pipelineV,0Initial value V of oil storage capacity of intermediate storage tankS,0Initial mass M of oil stored in intermediate storage tankS,0Initial value M of mass of key component of intermediate storage tankComp,0And operating the oil tanker to deliver the initial value D of the 0-1 decision variable of the crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVS,0Upper limit initial value F of oil pipeline flowVS,max,0And a lower limit initial value FVS,min,0；
c) Solving an objective function to obtain an intermediate storage tank scheduling scheme with the time length of TC;
d) judging whether the rolling optimization of all rounds is finished, and if not, combining the scheduling scheme predicted by the current round with the optimization solving results of all previous rounds and continuing to the step e; if the rolling optimization is finished, the current round rolling optimization process is finished, and a total scheduling scheme is output, which indicates that all round rolling optimization is finished;
e) continuously monitoring the current conditions of the oil tanker, the storage tank and the oil pipeline and updating;
f) correcting the scheduling model according to the updated current condition to regenerate Seq { d }iAnd COTs;
g) the output variable Sol (F) obtained by the rolling optimization of the current roundVS)、Sol(VV)、Sol(VS)、Sol(DVS) And Sol (V)Comp) The last solving result is set as the initial value V of the input variable in the next rolling optimizationV,0、VS,0、MS,0、MComp,0、DVS,0、FVS,max,0And FVS,min,0Turning to the step a;
5) outputting the combined result of all r-wheel rolling optimization solution, wherein the time length is TC, and the span reaches TallIntermediate tank scheduling scheme of time.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the traditional scheduling and scheduling method, the method improves the stability of the optimal solution output rate, reduces the solving time, has good self-adaptive capacity, can sense the equipment fault in real time and adjust the scheduling scheme in time, and efficiently arranges the dumping of the crude oil from the oil tanker to the intermediate storage tank. The method has important significance for improving the efficiency of conveying crude oil from the oil tanker to the intermediate storage tank, reducing the lag cost of the oil tanker and improving the economic benefit of enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pipeline oil transportation process of an oil refinery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a method for rolling optimized split scheduling period according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for scheduling an intermediate storage tank for crude oil storage and transportation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings and specific examples, and the implementation effect of the method in the crude oil dispatching process is explained by specific operation flows. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The scheduling method of the invention is specifically directed at a flow part for conveying crude oil from an oil tanker to an intermediate storage tank in an oil conveying process of an oil refining enterprise, and is shown in figure 1: the oil tanker parked at the oil unloading wharf conveys crude oil to the intermediate storage tank through a wharf-intermediate storage tank pipeline, and the conveying of the crude oil is realized through an oil conveying pump set. In the process, the flow of the oil pipeline can be adjusted by adjusting the oil delivery pump set and the valve.
The present embodiment is a simulation example, and the entity data included in the simulation example is shown in table 1:
table 1 scheduling simulation example initial parameters
In a refinery enterprise, the sulfur content and the acid value are often used as key components of crude oil, and in this embodiment, the enterprise requires that the sulfur content of the intermediate storage tank is in a range of 0.5 wt% to 2.0 wt%, and the acid value is in a range of 0 to 0.5mgKOH/g, so as to meet the requirements of the oil refining enterprise on the properties of the crude oil.
The flow of this embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
1) checking the availability of the storage tank, wherein the available storage tank is used as an alternative, and the unavailable storage tank is removed;
2) carrying out normalization treatment on various property indexes of crude oil:
the performance indexes of the crude oil after the normalization treatment are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2 initial parameters of crude oil Property index after normalization of scheduling simulation example
| Oil tanker | Sulfur content | Acid value | Density of |
| V1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1875 |
| Intermediate storage tank | Sulfur content | Acid value | Density of |
| ST1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ST2 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.1875 |
| ST3 | 0 | 0 | 0.1875 |
| ST4 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.625 |
| |
1 | 1 | 1 |
3) Calculating the Euclidean distance between the properties of the crude oil stored by the oil tanker and the properties of the crude oil stored by the intermediate storage tank:
the Euclidean distance between the 3 crude oil properties of the crude oil stored in the 1 ST tanker and the 3 crude oil properties of the crude oil stored in the 1 ST intermediate storage tank ST1 can be calculated according to the formula (2):
similarly, the Euclidean distances between the properties of 3 crude oils of crude oil stored in the tanker V1 and the properties of 3 crude oils of crude oil stored in the rest intermediate storage tanks ST2, ST3, ST4 and ST5 are respectively 0.5590, 0, 0.5781 and 1.63;
4) sorting the priorities of the oil receiving storage tanks according to the Euclidean distance from small to large to obtain an oil receiving storage tank sorting queue Seq {3,1,2,4,5}, namely, the intermediate storage tanks receive oil according to the sequence of ST3, ST1, ST2, ST4 and ST 5;
5) and establishing a mixed integer programming model.
Firstly, determining a decision variable as an oil pipeline flow FVSCrude oil key component flow f of oil pipelineVSOil tanker oil storage VVOil storage capacity V of intermediate storage tankSAnd the oil storage quality M of the intermediate storage tankSMass M of key component of crude oil in intermediate storage tankCompAnd a decision variable D of 0-1 for operating the tanker to transfer crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVSIn the case, the key components of the crude oil refer to the sulfur content and acid value of the crude oil;
the objective function that targets the minimum operating cost is determined as:
wherein, the scheduling production scheduling time period TC is 1 hour, and VN is 1 in the embodiment;
and finally, determining a constraint condition set COTs (COTs) meeting the requirements of the crude oil storage and transportation link of the intermediate storage tank in the oil refining process in the optimization model as follows:
according to the parameters shown in table 1, the specific parameters of the constants in the above formula are as follows:
6) as shown in FIG. 2, the total scheduling time length TallDividing the obtained result into 21 rolling optimization periods with the time length TC of 1 h;
7) and performing 21-round rolling optimization, wherein the ith round rolling optimization specifically comprises the following steps:
a) determining the input variable of the optimization solver as the oil storage volume V of the oil tankerVOil storage capacity V of intermediate storage tankSCrude oil key component reserve V of intermediate storage tankCompAnd a decision variable D of 0-1 for operating the tanker to transfer crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVSUpper flow limit F of oil pipelineVS,maxAnd a lower limit FVS,min；
b) Determining an initial value V of the oil storage capacity of the oil tanker according to the input variables of the optimization solver and the current conditions of the oil tanker, the storage tank and the oil pipelineV,0Initial value V of oil storage capacity of intermediate storage tankS,0Initial value V of key component reserves of intermediate storage tankComp,0And operating the oil tanker to deliver the initial value D of the 0-1 decision variable of the crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVS,0Upper limit initial value F of oil pipeline flowVS,max,0And a lower limit initial value FVS,min,0；
c) The optimization solver carries out optimization solution on the objective function according to the established mixed integer programming model, the determined decision variables, the input variables and the initial values of the input variables;
d) solving by an optimization solver to obtain an output variable result Sol (F) of the current roundVS)、Sol(VV)、Sol(VS)、Sol(DVS) And Sol (V)Comp)；
e) Judging whether the rolling optimization of all rounds is finished, if not, combining the scheduling scheme predicted by the current round i with the optimization solving results of all previous rounds, and continuing to the step f; when the optimization is completed, the current round rolling optimization process is ended and a total scheduling scheme is output, which indicates that all 21 rounds of rolling optimization are completed;
f) continuously monitoring the current conditions of the oil tanker, the storage tank and the oil pipeline and updating;
g) regenerating Seq { d } according to the updated current condition correction modeliAnd COTs, flow restriction adjustment of oil pipeline can be adjusted by changing the flow in the next round of rolling optimizationInitial value F of input variableVS,max,0And FVS,min,0To realize the operation;
h) the output variable Sol (F) obtained by the rolling optimization of the current roundVS)、Sol(VV)、Sol(VS)、Sol(MS)、Sol(DVS) And Sol (M)Comp) The last solution result of (a) is set as the initial value V of the rolling optimization input variable of the next roundV,0、VS,0、MS,0、MComp,0、DVS,0That is, the following equation should be satisfied:
in the formula, the (i +1) parameter represents the value of the variable in the (i +1) th rolling optimization turn, and the (i) parameter represents the value of the variable in the (i) th rolling optimization turn.
i) Turning to the step a, starting the (i +1) th round of rolling optimization and enabling i to be i + 1;
8) outputting the combined result of all 21 rolling optimization solutions with the time length of TC and the span of TallThe intermediate tank scheduling schemes for time are shown in tables 3, 4,5, 6, 7, respectively.
TABLE 3 scheduling scheme for scheduling oil discharging and oil storage amount of each intermediate storage tank normally (unit: m)3)
TABLE 4 scheduling scheme (unit: wt%) for sulfur content of crude oil stored in each intermediate storage tank under normal scheduling and production
TABLE 5 scheduling scheme (unit: mgKOH/g) for acid value of crude oil stored in each intermediate storage tank under normal scheduling and discharge
TABLE 6 scheduling scheme (unit: g/cm) for density of crude oil stored in each intermediate storage tank under normal scheduling and production3)
TABLE 7 flow scheduling scheme (unit: m) for normally scheduling oil pipelines under production scheduling3/h)
As can be seen from tables 3, 4,5, 6 and 7, under the condition that the equipment in the oil transportation process works well, the scheduling method can well complete the solution of the scheduling scheme of each process variable, and completely meets the requirements of sulfur content and acid value in the crude oil transportation process.
In order to verify the self-adaptive capacity of the method, the method is demonstrated and explained by two abnormal conditions.
The first abnormal condition is the failure of the oil delivery pump, the number of the oil delivery pumps which can work at the moment is reduced, the flow of the oil delivery pipeline is limited at the 3 rd to 4 th moments, and the allowable regulation range is 1000-3000 m3The simulation results are shown in tables 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12.
TABLE 8 scheduling scheme (unit: m) for oil tanker and each intermediate storage tank under oil delivery pump failure3)
TABLE 9 scheduling scheme for sulfur content of crude oil stored in each intermediate storage tank under oil pump failure (unit: wt%)
TABLE 10 scheduling scheme (unit: mgKOH/g) of acid value of crude oil stored in each intermediate storage tank under oil pump failure
TABLE 11 scheduling scheme for crude oil density stored in each intermediate storage tank under oil transfer pump failure (unit: g/cm)3)
TABLE 12 flow scheduling scheme for oil delivery pipeline under oil delivery pump failure (unit: m)3/h)
It can be seen from table 12 that after the flow of the oil pipeline is limited due to the failure of the oil transfer pump, the scheduling method of the present invention can adjust the flow of the oil pipeline in time according to the current situation, and it can be seen from tables 8, 9, 10, and 11 that the scheduling schemes of the process parameters are correspondingly adjusted, so as to meet the requirements of sulfur content and acid value in the crude oil transportation process. Therefore, the scheduling method has self-adaptive adjustment capability when facing sudden equipment faults.
The second abnormal situation is that the intermediate tank ST3 needs to be maintained at the 3 rd time, and the intermediate tank is temporarily unavailable for receiving crude oil from the 3 rd time to the 21 ST time after the completion of the scheduling due to the maintenance, and the simulation results are shown in tables 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.
TABLE 13 ST3 schedule for oil tanker and intermediate storage tanks for scheduled maintenance
TABLE 14 ST3 schedule for sulfur content in crude oil stored in intermediate storage tanks for regular maintenance (unit: wt%)
| Abnormal situation 2 | ST1 Sulfur content | ST2 Sulfur content | ST3 Sulfur content | ST4 Sulfur content | ST5 Sulfur content |
| Initial setting | 1.600％ | 1.700％ | 1.600％ | 1.800％ | 2.000 |
| Time | |||||
| 1 | 1.600％ | 1.699％ | 1.600％ | 1.800％ | 2.000％ |
| Time 2 | 1.600％ | 1.699％ | 1.600％ | 1.800％ | 2.000％ |
| Time 3 | 1.600％ | 1.699％ | 1.600％ | 1.800％ | 2.000％ |
| Time 4 | 1.600％ | 1.699％ | 1.600％ | 1.800％ | 2.000％ |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
| Time 18 | 1.600％ | 1.604％ | 1.600％ | 1.800％ | 2.000％ |
| Time 19 | 1.600％ | 1.604％ | 1.600％ | 1.762％ | 2.000％ |
| Time 20 | 1.600％ | 1.604％ | 1.600％ | 1.736％ | 2.000％ |
| Time 21 | 1.600％ | 1.604％ | 1.600％ | 1.718％ | 2.000％ |
TABLE 15 ST3 schedule scheme for acid values of crude oils stored in each intermediate storage tank for regular maintenance (unit: mgKOH/g)
TABLE 16 ST3 schedule the density of crude oil stored in each intermediate storage tank for regular maintenance (unit: g/cm)3)
Table 17 ST3 implements a flow scheduling scheme (unit: m) for an oil pipeline during regular maintenance3/h)
From Table 17, it can be seen that at time 4 to time 21 after maintenance is performed on the intermediate tank ST3, the scheduling scheme does not schedule oil delivery to ST3, but changes the scheduling scheme to a new oil receiving tank sorting queue Seq { d } after ST3 is removediAnd it can be seen from tables 13, 14, 15, and 16 that the scheduling method of the present invention can also well complete the solution and adjustment of the scheduling scheme, meeting the requirements of sulfur content and acid number in the crude oil transportation process.
In conclusion, the method can be used for solving the intermediate storage tank crude oil scheduling scheme and timely adjusting the scheduling scheme according to the current equipment condition through similar sequencing, continuous monitoring, model correction and rolling optimization, so that the adaptability of the scheduling scheme and the production efficiency of enterprises are improved, and the operation cost and the loss caused by equipment faults are further reduced.
Claims (7)
1. A scheduling method of an intermediate storage tank in a crude oil conveying process is characterized in that for the intermediate storage tank from a wharf to a factory in the crude oil conveying process, similar sequencing, continuous monitoring, model correction and rolling optimization are adopted for scheduling and scheduling production, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) checking the availability of the intermediate storage tank, wherein the available storage tank is used as a spare storage tank, and the unavailable storage tank is removed;
2) sequencing the alternative oil receiving storage tanks from high to low according to the similarity of the properties of the crude oil to obtain a sequencing queue Seq { d } of the oil receiving storage tanksiWhere i is 1 … STN, diIndicating an intermediate tank number, STN indicating the total number of intermediate tanks;
3) determining decision variables, a target function min (cost) and a constraint condition set COTs, and establishing a mixed integer programming scheduling model;
4) will schedule the total time length TallDivided into r roll optimization periods of time length TC, TallR is the number of rolling cycles;
5) determining an input variable, an output variable and an input variable initial value of an optimization solver;
6) acquiring the current conditions of an oil tanker, a storage tank and an oil pipeline, and obtaining an intermediate storage tank scheduling scheme with the time length of TC according to the current conditions through optimized calculation;
7) judging whether the optimization calculation of all rounds is finished, and if not, combining the scheduling scheme predicted by the current round with the optimization solving results of all previous rounds and then turning to the step 8; if the scheduling scheme is finished, merging the scheduling schemes obtained after the r-wheel rolling optimization and outputting a total scheduling scheme;
8) continuously monitoring the current conditions of the oil tanker, the storage tank and the oil pipeline and updating;
9) correcting the mixed integer programming scheduling model according to the updated current condition, and regenerating Seq { d }iAnd COTs;
10) and setting the last result of the output variable obtained by the previous round of optimization as the initial value of the current round of optimization, returning to the step 6, and starting a new round of rolling optimization.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the decision variable of the mixed integer programming model is the flow F of the oil pipelineVSCrude oil key component flow f of oil pipelineVSOil tanker oil storage VVOil storage capacity V of intermediate storage tankSAnd the oil storage quality M of the intermediate storage tankSMass M of key component of crude oil in intermediate storage tankCompAnd a decision variable D of 0-1 for operating the tanker to transfer crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVS。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the intermediate storage tank prioritization uses Euclidean distances to determine the degree of similarity of crude oil properties, so as to sequentially transfer crude oil to the storage tanks with the degree of similarity from high to low, and comprises the following steps:
(2-1) carrying out normalization treatment on the crude oil property indexes:
in the formula (1), QNor,jNormalized index, Q, representing the property of the j-th crude oiljAn index, Q, representing the j-th crude oil property before normalizationj,minMinimum value, Q, of j-th crude oil property index in all tankers and intermediate storage tanksj,maxRepresents the maximum value of the jth crude oil property indicator in all tankers and intermediate storage tanks;
(2-2) calculating the Euclidean distance between the properties of the crude oil stored by the oil tanker and the properties of the crude oil stored by the intermediate storage tank according to the normalized property indexes:
in the formula (2), QST,n,jThe j [ th ] crude oil property index Q representing the current oil storage of the n [ th ] intermediate storage tankV,v,jThe j [ th ] crude oil property index representing the current oil storage of the v [ th ] oil tanker, Dst (n, v, u) represents the Euclidean distance between the property of the u [ th ] crude oil stored by the v [ th ] oil tanker and the property of the u [ th ] crude oil stored by the n [ th ] intermediate storage tank, and the smaller the Dst (n, v, u), the more similar the properties of the two crude oils; (2-3) sequencing the priorities of the oil receiving storage tanks according to the Euclidean distance from small to large to obtain Seq { di},i＝1...STN。
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the objective function in the established mixed integer programming model is:
in equation (3), min (cost) represents that the objective function is targeted to minimize the operation cost, CWAIT,vRepresenting the lag cost of berthing the terminal at each moment of the V-th tanker, VV,v,tAnd the oil tanker oil storage quantity with the time t number v is shown, TC is the time number contained in the scheduling production time period, and VN is the number of arriving wharf oil tankers in the scheduling period.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixed integer programming model is built with constraints set COTs comprising the following constraints:
(3-1) operating rules that, at any time t, the v-th tanker can only dump crude oil to one tank:
d in formula (4)VS,v,n,tA decision variable of 0-1, which represents the decision of the nth tanker to transfer oil to the nth intermediate tank at time t, 0 is no transfer, 1 is transfer, SVNIs the set of ship tankers {1.,. VN }, S } arriving at port in the scheduling periodTCIs a set of time intervals {1.., TC } within a scheduling period;
(3-2) oil tanker material balance constraint:
v in formula (5)V,v,tRepresenting the oil reserve, V, of the V-th tanker at time tV,v,0Representing the initial oil reserve of the v-th tanker in the current scheduling period, FVS,v,n,iShows the flow F of the oil pipeline when the v-th oil tanker transfers oil to the n-th intermediate tank at the time of iVSWherein i<T; (3-3) material balance constraint of the intermediate storage tank:
v in formula (6)S,n,tIndicating the reserve volume, V, of the nth intermediate tank at time tS,n,0Indicating the initial reserve, S, of the nth intermediate tank during the current scheduling periodSTNRepresents a set {1.. STN } of intermediate tanks within a scheduling period;
m in formula (7)S,n,tRepresenting the quality of the oil in the nth intermediate tank at time t, MS,n,0Represents the initial oil storage quality, rho, of the nth intermediate tank in the current scheduling periodV,vRepresenting the density of the crude oil stored in the v-th tanker;
(3-4) flow restriction of the oil pipeline:
in the formula (8), FVS,v,n,minRepresenting the minimum flow of the oil line when transferring oil from the v-th tanker to the n-th intermediate tank, FVS,v,n,maxRepresenting the maximum flow from the v-th tanker to the n-th intermediate tank pipeline, FVS,v,n,tShowing the flow F of the oil pipeline when the v-th oil tanker transfers oil to the n-th intermediate tank at time tVS；
(3-5) intermediate storage tank oil storage capacity constraint:
v in formula (9)S,n,minRepresents the lower limit value, V, of the storage capacity of the nth intermediate tankS,n,maxThe upper limit value of the oil storage capacity of the nth intermediate storage tank is shown;
(3-6) oil tanker oil storage capacity constraint:
v in formula (10)S,n,minRepresents the lower limit value of the oil storage capacity of the V-th oil tanker, VS,n,maxRepresenting the upper limit value of the oil storage capacity of the v-th oil tanker;
(3-7) material balance constraint of a key component p in the intermediate storage tank:
m in formula (11)Comp,p,n,tRepresenting the mass, M, of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tank at time tComp,p,n,0Representing the initial quality of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tank in the scheduling period, fVS,p,v,n,iRepresenting the mass flow of a key component p in the oil pipeline when oil is transferred from a v-th oil tanker to an n-th intermediate tank at time i, where i<T, the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (12) < omega >V,v,qRepresents the concentration, S, of a key component p of the v-th tankerCompRepresents a set of key components {1.. CN };
(3-8) reservoir restriction of a key component p in the intermediate storage tank:
in formula (13) < omega >S,n,p,minRepresents the lower limit, omega, of the concentration of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tankS,n,p,maxThe upper concentration limit of the critical component p of the nth intermediate tank is indicated.
6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the optimization solver input variable is the tanker oil reserve VVOil storage capacity V of intermediate storage tankSAnd the oil storage quality M of the intermediate storage tankSMass M of key component of crude oil in intermediate storage tankCompAnd a decision variable D of 0-1 for operating the tanker to transfer crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVSUpper flow limit F of oil pipelineVS,maxAnd a lower limit FVS,min。
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the optimization solver output variable is the oil pipeline flow scheduling result Sol (F) of the current roundVS) Oil tanker oil storage scheduling result Sol (V)V) And the oil storage capacity scheduling result Sol (V) of the intermediate storage tankS) And a storage tank preselection scheduling result Sol (D)VS) And the reserve scheduling result Sol (V) of key components of the intermediate storage tankComp)。
Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial value of the input variable of the optimization solver is the initial value of the oil tanker's oil reserve VV,0Initial value V of oil storage capacity of intermediate storage tankS,0Initial mass M of oil stored in intermediate storage tankS,0Initial value M of mass of key component of intermediate storage tankComp,0And operating the oil tanker to deliver the initial value D of the 0-1 decision variable of the crude oil to the intermediate storage tankVS,0Upper limit initial value F of oil pipeline flowVS,max,0And a lower limit initial value FVS,min,0。
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