CN1120516C - 金属卤化物灯 - Google Patents

金属卤化物灯 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1120516C
CN1120516C CN99800403A CN99800403A CN1120516C CN 1120516 C CN1120516 C CN 1120516C CN 99800403 A CN99800403 A CN 99800403A CN 99800403 A CN99800403 A CN 99800403A CN 1120516 C CN1120516 C CN 1120516C
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Prior art keywords
lamp
discharge tube
halide
metal
discharge
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN1262780A (zh
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J·L·G·苏伊克
M·C·拉尔斯
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02Details
    • H01J61/24Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J61/28Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the lamp
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827Metal halide arc lamps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02Details
    • H01J61/12Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02Details
    • H01J61/24Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管的金属卤化物灯,放电管包围的放电空间含有可电离的填充物,该填充物除了Hg之外还包含一定量的Na和Tl的卤化物。根据本发明,可电离填充物还含有Ca并且没有稀土卤化物,而且放电管含有氧分配器。

Description

金属卤化物灯
技术领域
本发明涉及包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管的金属卤化物灯。
背景技术
开头所述类型的灯已公知于EP-A-0215524(PHN11.485)。该灯包括钨电极。兼具高光通量和优异的彩色特性(尤其是一般彩色重现一般彩色Ra≥0和色温Tc在2600与4000K之间)的已有的灯非常适合用做光源,例如室内照明。采用这种灯的感觉良好,使用Na卤化物作为灯的填充成分时可以获得良好的彩色重现,这种灯工作时,Na-D线中的Na辐射存在强烈的扩展和反转。这要求至少1170K(900℃)的放电管中有高的冷点温度Tkp。当Na-D线被反转和扩展时,光谱中呈现具有相互分开Δλ的两个最大值。
对于大Tkp值的要求而言放电管必须相对较小,放电管的壁不能使用石英或石英玻璃,要求放电管的壁使用陶瓷。
在本说明书和权利要求书中,陶瓷壁应理解为是指金属氧化物的壁,例如蓝宝石或烧结的多晶Al2O3,和金属氮化物的壁,例如AlN。
除了Na和Tl之外,放电管的填充物还包含一种或多种稀土金属,由此可实现用于一般彩色重现指数Ra≥80和色温Tc的要求值。本说明书和权利要求书中的稀土金属应理解为是指元素Sc、Y和镧系元素。
已有的灯的缺点是在灯工作时存在的稀土金属的影响下,放电管的部分、特别是壁被腐蚀。这最终导致灯的寿命过早结束。已有的灯的其它缺点是还由于放电管的尺寸相对较小,从电极蒸发的W淀积在壁上而使放电管壁较快出现发黑。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种解决上述缺点的措施。因此,根据本发明提供了一种金属卤化物灯,包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管,所述放电管包围含有可电离填充物的放电空间,所述可电离填充物除了Hg之外还含有一定量的Na和Tl的卤化物,其特征在于,所述可电离填充物还含有Ca并且没有稀土卤化物。
根据本发明的灯的优点在于,由于Ca对红色和兰色的光谱贡献意外地大,所以一般彩色重现指数实现了Ra≥80的值,色温实现了Tc高达3500K。此外,意外地出现了稳定的铝酸钙化合物的形成得以消除,Ca的存在使得W-卤化物循环增加,由此也使得电极的W蒸发所产生的放电管壁的发黑被强烈减少。发生W-卤化物循环的条件是放电管中存在少量的自由氧。通常,一定量的自由氧来源于灯的制造过程中产生的沾染物,并且当灯处于工作状态时由其释放出来。已经确认,在与放电管的填充物成分反应的影响下,氧从陶瓷壁材料释放出来。在浓度过小的情形,难以在灯的工作过程中足够地保持W-卤化物循环。在浓度过大的情形,尤其是W-电极将被腐蚀。
在根据本发明的灯的优选实施例中,放电管包含氧分配器。这样具有重要的优点,即按控制方式把氧引入放电管。考虑到灯正常工作所需的制造精度以及随之的沾染物按比例减少,相对于从沾染物释放的O2量,浓度过小的可能性很大。根据优选实施例灯的其它优点是可以在灯的寿命期间调整配量。
在根据本发明的灯的优选实施例中,氧分配器包含CaO。CaO的优点是其本身形成放电管的部分填充物。除了Na和Tl之外,放电管的填充物可以包含一种和多种金属,尤其是用于影响灯彩色特性。除了不能使用稀土金属之外,Ti、Zr和Hf的使用也不大适合于填充物,因为它们形成相对稳定的氧化物。
实验表明,为了获得良好的灯彩色性能,Δλ值应在12nm-60nm之间。Tkp值在1200K-1300K之间的范围内,要求的Δλ幅度一般是切实可行的,同时也可以实现高达1450K的放电管壁最大温度。
通过参考以下实施例将可了解和解释本发明的这些和其它方案。
附图说明
附图1描述了本发明的金属卤化物灯,其中放电管为剖面图,没有按比例绘制。
具体实施方式
附图1展示了放电管为剖面图的金属卤化物灯,但并不是按比例的,其陶瓷壁包围放电空间11,放电空间含有可电离填充物,此例的填充物不仅含有Hg,而且还含有Na和Tl卤化物。填充物还包括含有CaO的氧分配器,例如,以CaO浸渍的陶瓷载体的形式。图中的两个电极4、5具有电极棒44、54和顶端45、55,均由W组成,配置在放电管中。放电管在一侧由陶瓷突出塞34、35封闭于配置在放电管中的电极4、5,突出塞按一定空隙分别紧密围绕引线40、41、50、51,并且利用靠近离开放电管的端的熔融陶瓷接头10按气密方式连接于此。放电管本身的结构是公知的,例如可见EP-0 587238。放电管被一端具有灯头2的外灯壳1围绕。灯工作时电极4、5之间产生放电。电极4通过导体8连接于构成部分灯头2的第一电触点,电极5通过导体9连接于构成部分灯头2的第二电触点。
如图所示的根据本发明的灯的实施例中,灯的标称功率是70W,该灯具有90V的标称灯电压。放电管的透明壁厚度是0.8mm。放电管内径是6.85mm,电极顶端之间的距离是7mm。灯的可电离填充物除了含有4.6mg的Hg,还含有7mg的(Na+Tl+Ca)碘化物,重量百分比组成是28.8,10.7和60.5。放电管还含有填充压力为300mbar的Ar作为启动增强剂。在灯的工作过程中,Tkp是1265K。灯发光时的光通量是100小时为901m/W。发光的色温Tc是3150K。一般彩色重现指数Ra是84。10000小时照明之后的光流值是100小时为88%。

Claims (3)

1.一种金属卤化物灯,包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管(3),放电管包围含有可电离填充物的放电空间(11),所述可电离填充物除了Hg之外还含有一定量的Na和Tl的卤化物,其特征在于,所述可电离填充物还含有Ca并且没有稀土卤化物。
2.根据权利要求1的灯,其特征在于,所述放电管含有氧分配器。
3.根据权利要求2的灯,其特征在于,所述氧分配器含有CaO。
CN99800403A 1998-04-08 1999-03-29 金属卤化物灯 Expired - Fee Related CN1120516C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP98201119.9 1998-04-08
EP98201119 1998-04-08

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CN1262780A CN1262780A (zh) 2000-08-09
CN1120516C true CN1120516C (zh) 2003-09-03

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US (1) US6362571B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0988648B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4267712B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100619108B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1120516C (zh)
DE (1) DE69911878T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2209407T3 (zh)
TW (1) TW385479B (zh)
WO (1) WO1999053522A1 (zh)

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DE69911878T2 (de) 2004-07-22
KR20010013367A (ko) 2001-02-26
DE69911878D1 (de) 2003-11-13
EP0988648A1 (en) 2000-03-29
US6362571B1 (en) 2002-03-26
JP4267712B2 (ja) 2009-05-27
TW385479B (en) 2000-03-21
JP2002504263A (ja) 2002-02-05
EP0988648B1 (en) 2003-10-08
KR100619108B1 (ko) 2006-09-04
WO1999053522A1 (en) 1999-10-21
ES2209407T3 (es) 2004-06-16
CN1262780A (zh) 2000-08-09

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