CN1120516C - 金属卤化物灯 - Google Patents
金属卤化物灯 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1120516C CN1120516C CN99800403A CN99800403A CN1120516C CN 1120516 C CN1120516 C CN 1120516C CN 99800403 A CN99800403 A CN 99800403A CN 99800403 A CN99800403 A CN 99800403A CN 1120516 C CN1120516 C CN 1120516C
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- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- discharge tube
- halide
- metal
- discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
- H01J61/28—Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the lamp
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
- H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管的金属卤化物灯,放电管包围的放电空间含有可电离的填充物,该填充物除了Hg之外还包含一定量的Na和Tl的卤化物。根据本发明,可电离填充物还含有Ca并且没有稀土卤化物,而且放电管含有氧分配器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管的金属卤化物灯。
背景技术
开头所述类型的灯已公知于EP-A-0215524(PHN11.485)。该灯包括钨电极。兼具高光通量和优异的彩色特性(尤其是一般彩色重现一般彩色Ra≥0和色温Tc在2600与4000K之间)的已有的灯非常适合用做光源,例如室内照明。采用这种灯的感觉良好,使用Na卤化物作为灯的填充成分时可以获得良好的彩色重现,这种灯工作时,Na-D线中的Na辐射存在强烈的扩展和反转。这要求至少1170K(900℃)的放电管中有高的冷点温度Tkp。当Na-D线被反转和扩展时,光谱中呈现具有相互分开Δλ的两个最大值。
对于大Tkp值的要求而言放电管必须相对较小,放电管的壁不能使用石英或石英玻璃,要求放电管的壁使用陶瓷。
在本说明书和权利要求书中,陶瓷壁应理解为是指金属氧化物的壁,例如蓝宝石或烧结的多晶Al2O3,和金属氮化物的壁,例如AlN。
除了Na和Tl之外,放电管的填充物还包含一种或多种稀土金属,由此可实现用于一般彩色重现指数Ra≥80和色温Tc的要求值。本说明书和权利要求书中的稀土金属应理解为是指元素Sc、Y和镧系元素。
已有的灯的缺点是在灯工作时存在的稀土金属的影响下,放电管的部分、特别是壁被腐蚀。这最终导致灯的寿命过早结束。已有的灯的其它缺点是还由于放电管的尺寸相对较小,从电极蒸发的W淀积在壁上而使放电管壁较快出现发黑。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种解决上述缺点的措施。因此,根据本发明提供了一种金属卤化物灯,包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管,所述放电管包围含有可电离填充物的放电空间,所述可电离填充物除了Hg之外还含有一定量的Na和Tl的卤化物,其特征在于,所述可电离填充物还含有Ca并且没有稀土卤化物。
根据本发明的灯的优点在于,由于Ca对红色和兰色的光谱贡献意外地大,所以一般彩色重现指数实现了Ra≥80的值,色温实现了Tc高达3500K。此外,意外地出现了稳定的铝酸钙化合物的形成得以消除,Ca的存在使得W-卤化物循环增加,由此也使得电极的W蒸发所产生的放电管壁的发黑被强烈减少。发生W-卤化物循环的条件是放电管中存在少量的自由氧。通常,一定量的自由氧来源于灯的制造过程中产生的沾染物,并且当灯处于工作状态时由其释放出来。已经确认,在与放电管的填充物成分反应的影响下,氧从陶瓷壁材料释放出来。在浓度过小的情形,难以在灯的工作过程中足够地保持W-卤化物循环。在浓度过大的情形,尤其是W-电极将被腐蚀。
在根据本发明的灯的优选实施例中,放电管包含氧分配器。这样具有重要的优点,即按控制方式把氧引入放电管。考虑到灯正常工作所需的制造精度以及随之的沾染物按比例减少,相对于从沾染物释放的O2量,浓度过小的可能性很大。根据优选实施例灯的其它优点是可以在灯的寿命期间调整配量。
在根据本发明的灯的优选实施例中,氧分配器包含CaO。CaO的优点是其本身形成放电管的部分填充物。除了Na和Tl之外,放电管的填充物可以包含一种和多种金属,尤其是用于影响灯彩色特性。除了不能使用稀土金属之外,Ti、Zr和Hf的使用也不大适合于填充物,因为它们形成相对稳定的氧化物。
实验表明,为了获得良好的灯彩色性能,Δλ值应在12nm-60nm之间。Tkp值在1200K-1300K之间的范围内,要求的Δλ幅度一般是切实可行的,同时也可以实现高达1450K的放电管壁最大温度。
通过参考以下实施例将可了解和解释本发明的这些和其它方案。
附图说明
附图1描述了本发明的金属卤化物灯,其中放电管为剖面图,没有按比例绘制。
具体实施方式
附图1展示了放电管为剖面图的金属卤化物灯,但并不是按比例的,其陶瓷壁包围放电空间11,放电空间含有可电离填充物,此例的填充物不仅含有Hg,而且还含有Na和Tl卤化物。填充物还包括含有CaO的氧分配器,例如,以CaO浸渍的陶瓷载体的形式。图中的两个电极4、5具有电极棒44、54和顶端45、55,均由W组成,配置在放电管中。放电管在一侧由陶瓷突出塞34、35封闭于配置在放电管中的电极4、5,突出塞按一定空隙分别紧密围绕引线40、41、50、51,并且利用靠近离开放电管的端的熔融陶瓷接头10按气密方式连接于此。放电管本身的结构是公知的,例如可见EP-0 587238。放电管被一端具有灯头2的外灯壳1围绕。灯工作时电极4、5之间产生放电。电极4通过导体8连接于构成部分灯头2的第一电触点,电极5通过导体9连接于构成部分灯头2的第二电触点。
如图所示的根据本发明的灯的实施例中,灯的标称功率是70W,该灯具有90V的标称灯电压。放电管的透明壁厚度是0.8mm。放电管内径是6.85mm,电极顶端之间的距离是7mm。灯的可电离填充物除了含有4.6mg的Hg,还含有7mg的(Na+Tl+Ca)碘化物,重量百分比组成是28.8,10.7和60.5。放电管还含有填充压力为300mbar的Ar作为启动增强剂。在灯的工作过程中,Tkp是1265K。灯发光时的光通量是100小时为901m/W。发光的色温Tc是3150K。一般彩色重现指数Ra是84。10000小时照明之后的光流值是100小时为88%。
Claims (3)
1.一种金属卤化物灯,包括具有陶瓷壁的放电管(3),放电管包围含有可电离填充物的放电空间(11),所述可电离填充物除了Hg之外还含有一定量的Na和Tl的卤化物,其特征在于,所述可电离填充物还含有Ca并且没有稀土卤化物。
2.根据权利要求1的灯,其特征在于,所述放电管含有氧分配器。
3.根据权利要求2的灯,其特征在于,所述氧分配器含有CaO。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98201119.9 | 1998-04-08 | ||
EP98201119 | 1998-04-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1262780A CN1262780A (zh) | 2000-08-09 |
CN1120516C true CN1120516C (zh) | 2003-09-03 |
Family
ID=8233577
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN99800403A Expired - Fee Related CN1120516C (zh) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-03-29 | 金属卤化物灯 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6362571B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0988648B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4267712B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100619108B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1120516C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69911878T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2209407T3 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW385479B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999053522A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19937312A1 (de) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-15 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Quecksilberfreie Metallhalogenidlampe |
CN1264193C (zh) * | 1999-12-09 | 2006-07-12 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | 金属卤化灯 |
JP2003045373A (ja) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-14 | Nec Lighting Ltd | 高圧放電灯 |
US20050082988A1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2005-04-21 | Jacques Lunter | Metal-halide lamp |
US7476777B2 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2009-01-13 | Ceres, Inc. | Biological containment system |
JP2006523922A (ja) | 2003-04-16 | 2006-10-19 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 高圧メタルハライド放電ランプ |
ES2313295T3 (es) | 2004-03-08 | 2009-03-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Llampara de halogenuros metalicos. |
US7057350B2 (en) * | 2004-05-05 | 2006-06-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. | Metal halide lamp with improved lumen value maintenance |
US7414368B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2008-08-19 | General Electric Company | Ceramic metal halide lamp with cerium-containing fill |
US7808181B1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2010-10-05 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | High intensity discharge lamp with terbium halide fill |
US20070138931A1 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-06-21 | General Electric Company | Backwound electrode coil for electric arc tube of ceramic metal halide lamp and method of manufacture |
US20090146571A1 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-11 | Russell Timothy D | Metal halide lamp with halogen-promoted wall cleaning cycle |
US7868553B2 (en) | 2007-12-06 | 2011-01-11 | General Electric Company | Metal halide lamp including a source of available oxygen |
US8358070B2 (en) | 2007-12-06 | 2013-01-22 | General Electric Company | Lanthanide oxide as an oxygen dispenser in a metal halide lamp |
US8653732B2 (en) | 2007-12-06 | 2014-02-18 | General Electric Company | Ceramic metal halide lamp with oxygen content selected for high lumen maintenance |
US8207674B2 (en) | 2008-02-18 | 2012-06-26 | General Electric Company | Dose composition suitable for low wattage ceramic metal halide lamp |
US9773659B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2017-09-26 | Philips Lighting Holding B.V. | Metal halide lamp with ceramic discharge vessel |
WO2010076697A1 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-08 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | Ceramic gas discharge metal halide lamp |
CN102194648A (zh) | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-21 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Hid照明系统 |
EP2450943A1 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2012-05-09 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | HID lighting system |
DE102010038537A1 (de) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-02 | Osram Ag | Hochdruckentladungslampe |
DE202010014996U1 (de) | 2010-11-02 | 2011-11-11 | Osram Ag | Hochdruckentladungslampe |
US8497633B2 (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2013-07-30 | General Electric Company | Ceramic metal halide discharge lamp with oxygen content and metallic component |
US8482198B1 (en) | 2011-12-19 | 2013-07-09 | General Electric Company | High intensity discharge lamp with improved startability and performance |
US9322892B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2016-04-26 | General Electric Company | System for magnetic field distortion compensation and method of making same |
US9437615B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2016-09-06 | General Electric Company | High intensity discharge lamps with dosing aid |
RU2697189C1 (ru) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-08-13 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт газоразрядных приборов "Плазма" (АО "ПЛАЗМА") | Газоразрядная лампа |
RU2710864C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-01-14 | Павел Сергеевич Панов | Газоразрядная лампа низкого давления |
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US3234421A (en) * | 1961-01-23 | 1966-02-08 | Gen Electric | Metallic halide electric discharge lamps |
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1998
- 1998-09-23 TW TW087115820A patent/TW385479B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-03-29 ES ES99907816T patent/ES2209407T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-29 EP EP99907816A patent/EP0988648B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-29 JP JP55138999A patent/JP4267712B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-29 KR KR1019997011363A patent/KR100619108B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-29 DE DE69911878T patent/DE69911878T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-29 CN CN99800403A patent/CN1120516C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-29 WO PCT/IB1999/000536 patent/WO1999053522A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-02 US US09/286,116 patent/US6362571B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69911878T2 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
KR20010013367A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
DE69911878D1 (de) | 2003-11-13 |
EP0988648A1 (en) | 2000-03-29 |
US6362571B1 (en) | 2002-03-26 |
JP4267712B2 (ja) | 2009-05-27 |
TW385479B (en) | 2000-03-21 |
JP2002504263A (ja) | 2002-02-05 |
EP0988648B1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
KR100619108B1 (ko) | 2006-09-04 |
WO1999053522A1 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
ES2209407T3 (es) | 2004-06-16 |
CN1262780A (zh) | 2000-08-09 |
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