CN112045496A

CN112045496A - Numerical control lathe with automatic cutter adjustment function

Info

Publication number: CN112045496A
Application number: CN202011073215.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔元彤; 申宾; 吴德忠
Original assignee: Goodway Machine (wujiang) Corp
Current assignee: Goodway Machine (wujiang) Corp
Priority date: 2020-10-09
Filing date: 2020-10-09
Publication date: 2020-12-08

Abstract

The invention relates to a numerical control lathe with an automatic cutter adjustment function, which comprises a base, a spindle baffle, a spindle and a turret, wherein the spindle baffle is vertically arranged on the base and fixed on the base, the spindle penetrates through the spindle baffle and is fixed on the spindle baffle, the turret is arranged on one side of the spindle baffle and is fixed on the base, the turret comprises an X sleeve motor, an X sleeve guide rail, an X sleeve sliding seat, a Z sleeve motor, a Z sleeve sliding rail, a Z sleeve sliding seat, an R sleeve motor and a sleeve, the X sleeve guide rail is positioned on the base, the X sleeve sliding seat is arranged on the X sleeve guide rail, and the Z sleeve sliding rail is arranged on the X sleeve sliding seat. The numerical control lathe with the automatic cutter adjustment function effectively realizes automatic adjustment of the position of the cutter of the numerical control lathe, timely judges the damage condition of the cutter, and timely completes adjustment of the position of the cutter or reminds workers to replace the cutter.

Description

Numerical control lathe with automatic cutter adjustment function

Technical Field

The invention relates to a numerically controlled lathe, in particular to a numerically controlled lathe with a tool capable of being automatically adjusted.

Background

With the increase of labor cost and the intense competitive environment of the market, the requirement of customers on the automation degree of the numerical control lathe is increased day by day. In the face of the technical function competitiveness of the same operator, how to improve the digital control of the numerical control machine tool to improve the processing efficiency, the path, the simplified structure, the convenient operation and the high programmed automation degree becomes the core competition in the field of the numerical control machine tool. In the conventional numerical control lathe machining, the tool tip of the tool is gradually abraded due to the fact that the tool is in friction contact with a part for a long time, if the tool is not adjusted or replaced in time, the precision of the machined part and the serious damage degree of the surface of the part are affected, the rejection rate of a product is increased, the tool is seriously abraded by a serious person, the friction resistance causes the temperature between the tool and the product to be increased rapidly, the parts of equipment are damaged, and safety accidents are caused when the temperature is serious.

In the conventional operation, the service life of the cutter is judged according to the experience value of a person, the cutter is replaced by estimating the abrasion of the cutter, the condition of the cutter is manually judged every time the cutter works, but certain inaccuracy exists in the manual experience judgment, so that certain error exists in the experience judgment, and the rejection rate of parts is increased. And the cutter is adjusted after manual judgment, so that time is consumed, and the period for adjusting the cutter is long.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the automatic cutter adjustment numerically controlled lathe, which realizes automatic adjustment and adaptation to the cutter abrasion condition, can prompt workers to replace the cutter in time, avoids the influence of cutter abrasion or damage on the product quality, and greatly improves the product quality.

In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a numerically controlled lathe with an automatically adjustable cutting tool, including a base, a spindle guard, a spindle and a turret, wherein the spindle guard is vertically disposed on the base and fixed on the base, the spindle passes through the spindle guard and is fixed on the spindle guard and connected to a chuck, the turret is disposed on one side of the spindle guard and is fixed on the base, the turret includes an X sleeve motor, an X sleeve rail, an X sleeve slider, a Z sleeve motor, a Z sleeve rail, a Z sleeve slider, an R sleeve motor and a sleeve, the X sleeve rail is disposed on the base, the X sleeve rail is disposed with the X sleeve slider, the X sleeve slider is disposed with the Z sleeve rail, the Z sleeve slider is disposed with the Z sleeve slider, be equipped with on the Z sleeve slide R sleeve motor, be equipped with on the R sleeve motor the sleeve, X sleeve motor is located in the X sleeve slide, Z sleeve motor is located the one end of X sleeve slide, R sleeve motor is located in the Z sleeve slide.

Preferably, a tool setting gauge and a tool setting gauge support are arranged on the main shaft baffle, one end of the tool setting gauge support is fixed on the main shaft baffle, and the other end of the tool setting gauge support is provided with the tool setting gauge.

Preferably, the tailstock structure further comprises a tailstock, a tailstock sliding seat is arranged at the lower end of the tailstock, a tailstock guide rail is arranged at the lower end of the tailstock sliding seat, and an ejector pin is arranged on one side, close to the chuck, of the tailstock.

Preferably, the sleeve is provided with a plurality of cutter fixing positions, and each cutter fixing position is provided with a corresponding cutter.

Preferably, the upper surface of the base is inclined and forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane.

Preferably, the central axis of the thimble and the central axis of the chuck are located on the same straight line.

In addition, the application still relates to a control system of cutter automatically regulated numerical control lathe, including touch-control system and PLC center control system, touch-control system direct with the tool setting appearance is connected to detect the position of cutter, and fix a position and detect the cutter, and feed back the position information of cutter to PLC center control system, PLC center control system handles the analysis to the position information of cutter, and control the turret carries out corresponding motion, in order to adjust the position of cutter, compensate the problem that the cutter appears.

When the invention works, firstly, according to the model of the cutter, an operation program corresponding to a product is set in a PLC central control system, then the corresponding cutter is arranged on a sleeve, after the cutter is fixed, the product is arranged on a chuck, the PLC central control system can control the movement of a tool turret, the cutter is in first contact with a tool setting gauge under the drive of an X sleeve motor, a Z sleeve motor and an R sleeve motor, the tool setting gauge detects new information of the shape and the position of the cutter edge and feeds the new information back to the PLC central control system to be stored for correcting the position of the cutter, then the PLC central control system controls the movement of the tool turret to enable the cutter to move a working site to complete the processing work of the product, then the PLC central control system controls the movement of the cutter to enable the cutter to be in contact with the tool setting gauge, the tool setting gauge detects the position and the shape of the cutter edge again and feeds back the information of the position and the shape of the cutter edge to the PLC central, the PLC central control system analyzes information of the position and the shape of the cutter, if the shape of the cutter is not damaged, the PLC central control system can send an instruction, at the moment, the X sleeve motor, the Z sleeve motor and the R sleeve motor work in a cooperative mode to make up the abrasion loss of the cutter caused by the last work of the cutter until the cutter returns to the initial position, if the shape of the cutter is detected to be damaged, the PLC central control system can send the instruction, at the moment, an alarm can be sounded, and workers are reminded to replace the cutter.

In conclusion, the automatic cutter adjustment numerically controlled lathe has the following beneficial effects: 1. by arranging the tool setting gauge, the tool can be detected after the tool is used once, so that the abrasion loss of the tool is compensated in time, the quality of products at the front and back times is ensured, and the product quality problem caused by tool abrasion is avoided; 2. by arranging the PLC central control system, the cutter can be detected and analyzed in time, the cutter problem can be found in time, and the influence on the product quality caused by the cutter problem can be avoided; 3. the position of the cutter is adjusted by machinery instead of manual work, so that the detection precision and accuracy of the cutter are greatly improved, the problem that the cutter is identified by manual experience is solved, and the detection efficiency and the adjustment efficiency of the cutter are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a numerically controlled lathe with automatic tool adjustment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of a numerically controlled lathe with automatic tool adjustment.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a front view of fig. 1, showing a cutter.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position structures of the tool setting gauge and the tool.

1. A base; 2. a main shaft baffle plate; 3. a main shaft; 4. a turret; 5. a chuck; 6. a tailstock; 7. producing a product; 21. tool setting gauge; 22. a tool setting gauge support; 41. an X-sleeve motor; 42. an X-sleeve guide rail; 43. an X sleeve slide carriage; 44. a Z-sleeve motor; 45. a Z-sleeve slide rail; 46. a Z-sleeve slide carriage; 47. an R sleeve motor; 48. a sleeve; 49. a cutter; 61. a tailstock slide seat; 62. a tailstock guide rail; 63. and (4) a thimble.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 5. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention relates to a numerically controlled lathe with a tool automatically adjusted, which includes a base 1, a spindle guard 2, a spindle 3 and a turret 4, wherein the spindle guard 2 is vertically disposed on the base 1 and fixed on the base 1, the spindle 3 penetrates through the spindle guard 2 and is fixed on the spindle guard 2 and is connected to a chuck 5, the spindle guard 2 is used for fixing the spindle 3 and the chuck 5 so as to facilitate the chuck 5 to fix a product to be processed, the turret 4 is disposed on one side of the spindle guard 2, the turret 4 is fixed on the base 1, the turret 4 is used for fixing and adjusting the tool 49, the turret 4 includes an X sleeve motor 41, an X sleeve guide rail 42, an X sleeve slide 43, a Z sleeve motor 44, a Z sleeve slide rail 45, a Z sleeve slide 46, an R sleeve motor 47 and a sleeve 48, the X sleeve guide rail 42 is located on the base 1, the X sleeve guide rail 42 is provided with the X sleeve sliding seat 43, the X sleeve motor 41 is used for driving the X sleeve sliding seat 43 to move along the X sleeve guide rail 42, the X sleeve sliding seat 43 is provided with the Z sleeve sliding seat 45, the Z sleeve sliding seat 45 is provided with the Z sleeve sliding seat 46, the Z sleeve sliding seat 46 is provided with the R sleeve motor 47, the Z sleeve motor 44 moves to drive the Z sleeve sliding seat 46 to move along the Z sleeve sliding seat 45, the R sleeve motor 47 is provided with the sleeve 48, the X sleeve motor 41 is located in the X sleeve sliding seat 43, the Z sleeve motor 44 is located at one end of the X sleeve sliding seat 43, the R sleeve motor 47 is located in the Z sleeve sliding seat 46, the R sleeve motor 47 is used for driving the sleeve 48 to rotate, to switch different cutters 49.

In this embodiment, be equipped with tool setting appearance 21 and tool setting appearance support 22 on the main shaft baffle 2, tool setting appearance support 22 one end is fixed on the main shaft baffle 2, and the other end is installed tool setting appearance 21, tool setting appearance 21 can with cutter 49 contact, in order to detect cutter 49's position, and with cutter 49 positional information and edge shape information feedback to PLC central control system, so that PLC central control system regulates and control the motion of sword tower.

In this embodiment, the clamping device further includes a tailstock 6, a tailstock slide seat 61 is disposed at a lower end of the tailstock 6, a tailstock guide rail 62 is disposed at a lower end of the tailstock slide seat 61, a thimble 63 is disposed at one side of the tailstock 6 close to the chuck 5, and the thimble 63 can move along the tailstock guide rail 62 toward the chuck 5 to cooperate with the chuck 5 to clamp a product.

In this embodiment, the sleeve 48 is provided with a plurality of cutter fixing positions, each of which is provided with a corresponding cutter 49, and different cutters 49 are arranged on different cutter fixing positions to clamp different products.

In this embodiment, the upper surface of the base 1 is inclined and forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and the inclined arrangement of the base 1 can prevent waste materials from being accumulated on the lathe.

In this embodiment, the central axis of the thimble 63 and the central axis of the chuck 5 are located on the same straight line, so that the thimble 63 and the chuck 5 can clamp a product conveniently.

In addition, the control system of the numerical control lathe with the automatic cutter adjustment function further comprises a touch system and a PLC central control system, wherein the touch system is directly connected with the cutter setting gauge 21 to detect the position of the cutter 49, position and detect the cutter 49 and feed back the position information of the cutter 49 to the PLC central control system. In this embodiment, since the periphery of the cutter 49 is a three-dimensional space, the space around the cutter 49 can be divided into several regions and numbered, and different numbers are assigned to different positions, for example, the whole space is divided into 128 correction numbers of 1 to 128, for example, the selection number 62 represents the direction along the X axis of the cutter 49, the selection number 63 represents the direction along the Z axis of the cutter 49, and the sleeve 48 is divided into 12 cutter 49 stations and sequentially numbered 1 to 12, and the number of the cutter 49 is represented by the english alphabets a to Z, at which time the three-dimensional space around the cutter 49 can be displayed by the corresponding numbers, so that the spatial position information of the cutter 49 of the a to Z models around the positions 1 to 12 of the sleeve can be represented by the combination of the corresponding alphabets and numbers, such as T11, the T model located at the position 11 of the sleeve, such as M12, for an M-size tool in the sleeve 12-size position.

In this embodiment, in the PLC central control program, motion instructions corresponding to the model, the tool and the corresponding position are preset, the information of the tool model of the tool setting gauge 21 and the spatial position of the tool 49 around the sleeve 48 and the tool 49 is analyzed to obtain information corresponding to the tool 49, and the information is fed back to the PLC central control program, and the PLC central control program sends out an instruction to control the X sleeve motor 41, the Z sleeve motor 44, and the R sleeve motor 47 to operate, so as to adjust the position of the tool 49. For example, the result detected by the tool setting gauge 21 is T1262, which indicates that the tool with the sleeve position 12 and the tool type T needs to move in the X direction, and at this time, the Z sleeve motor 44 needs to drive the tool 49 to move in the X direction, and if the result detected by the tool setting gauge 21 is M1163, which indicates that the tool with the sleeve position 11 and the tool type M needs to move in the Z direction, the Z sleeve motor 44 needs to drive the tool 49 to move along the Z sleeve motor 44 at this time.

When the tool setting device works, firstly, according to the type of a tool, an operation program corresponding to a product is selected in a PLC central control system, then, the corresponding tool is installed at a corresponding position on a sleeve 48, after the tool 49 is fixed, the product is installed on a chuck 5, the PLC central control system can control the movement of a tool turret 4, the tool 49 is firstly contacted with the tool setting gauge 21 under the driving of an X sleeve motor 41, a Z sleeve motor 44 and an R sleeve motor 47, the tool setting gauge 21 detects new tool edge shape and position information and feeds the new tool edge shape and position information back to the PLC central control system to be stored for correcting the tool position, then the PLC central control system controls the movement of the tool turret 4 to enable the tool 49 to move to a working position point to complete the processing work of the product, then, the PLC central control system controls the movement of the tool 49 to enable the tool 49 to be contacted with the tool setting gauge 21, the tool setting gauge 21 detects the position and the edge shape of the tool 49 again, analyzes and summarizes the information of the position and the edge shape of the tool, assembles the information into a combination of corresponding numbers and letters, and feeds the combination back to a PLC central control system, the PLC central control system analyzes the information and controls the X sleeve motor 41, the Z sleeve motor 44 and the R sleeve motor 47 to work cooperatively so as to compensate the abrasion loss of the tool caused by the previous work of the tool 49 until the tool 49 returns to the initial position, if the tool setting gauge 21 detects the damage of the edge shape, the PLC central control system sends an A0000 signal, and at the moment, the PLC central control system controls an alarm to sound to remind a worker to replace the tool.

Therefore, the invention overcomes various defects of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value and practical value.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The numerical control lathe with the automatic cutter adjustment function is characterized by comprising a base (1), a spindle baffle (2), a spindle (3) and a turret (4), wherein the spindle baffle (2) is vertically arranged on the base (1) and fixed on the base (1), the spindle (3) penetrates through the spindle baffle (2) and is fixed on the spindle baffle (2) and is connected with a chuck (5), the turret (4) is arranged on one side of the spindle baffle (2), the turret (4) is fixed on the base (1), the turret (4) comprises an X sleeve motor (41), an X sleeve guide rail (42), an X sleeve sliding seat (43), a Z sleeve motor (44), a Z sleeve sliding rail (45), a Z sleeve sliding seat (46), an R sleeve motor (47) and a sleeve (48), the X sleeve guide rail (42) is positioned on the base (1), be equipped with on X sleeve guide rail (42) X sleeve slide (43), be equipped with on X sleeve slide (43) Z sleeve slide (45), be equipped with on Z sleeve slide (45) Z sleeve slide (46), be equipped with on Z sleeve slide (46) R sleeve motor (47), be equipped with on R sleeve motor (47) sleeve (48), X sleeve motor (41) are located in X sleeve slide (443), Z sleeve motor (44) are located the one end of X sleeve slide (43), R sleeve motor (47) are located in Z sleeve slide (46).

2. The numerically controlled lathe with the automatic tool adjustment function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: be equipped with tool setting appearance (21) and tool setting appearance support (22) on main shaft baffle (2), tool setting appearance support (22) one end is fixed on main shaft baffle (2), the other end is installed tool setting appearance (21).

3. The numerically controlled lathe with the automatic tool adjustment function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still include a tailstock (6), tailstock (6) lower extreme is equipped with tailstock slide (61), tailstock slide (61) lower extreme is equipped with tailstock guide rail (62), tailstock (6) are close to one side of chuck (5) is equipped with thimble 63.

4. The numerically controlled lathe with the automatic tool adjustment function as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a plurality of cutter fixing positions are arranged on the sleeve (48), and a corresponding cutter (49) is installed on each cutter fixing position.

5. The cutter control system of the numerically controlled lathe with the automatically adjusted cutter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the base (1) is inclined and forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane.

6. The numerically controlled lathe with automatic tool adjustment according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the central axis of the thimble (63) and the central axis of the chuck (5) are positioned on the same straight line.

7. The control system of the numerically controlled lathe for automatically adjusting the tool according to claim 4, wherein: the system comprises a touch system and a PLC (programmable logic controller) central control system, wherein the touch system is directly connected with a cutter gauge (21) to detect the position of a cutter (49), position and detect the cutter (49) and feed back the position information of the cutter (49) to the PLC central control system, and the PLC central control system processes and analyzes the position information of the cutter (49) and controls a turret (4) to move correspondingly to adjust the position of the cutter (49) and solve the problem of cutter occurrence.