CN112045494B - Bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining - Google Patents
Bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN112045494B CN112045494B CN202010834662.4A CN202010834662A CN112045494B CN 112045494 B CN112045494 B CN 112045494B CN 202010834662 A CN202010834662 A CN 202010834662A CN 112045494 B CN112045494 B CN 112045494B
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- axis
- sliding table
- shaped support
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- end surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/14—Control or regulation of the orientation of the tool with respect to the work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
- B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
- B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0966—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring a force on parts of the machine other than a motor
Abstract
The invention relates to a bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining, which comprises a workbench, an X-axis moving assembly, a Y-axis moving assembly, a long L-shaped support, a flange support, Y-axis piezoelectric ceramics, X-axis piezoelectric ceramics, an F-shaped support, a short L-shaped support, a base and the like, and is characterized in that: one end of the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramic along the X-axis direction is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the long L-shaped support through a flange support, and the other end of the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the short L-shaped support through a flange support; one end of the X-axis piezoelectric ceramic along the Z-axis direction is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the upper part of the long L-shaped support through the F-shaped support, and the other end of the X-axis piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the X-axis movement sliding table through the F-shaped support. By adopting the invention, the bidirectional machining force in a plane can be measured and adjusted, and the cutting force is stabilized in a certain range by finely adjusting the machining parameters, thereby having important significance for improving the stability of the machining quality of workpieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining, and belongs to the field of machining equipment.
Background
In the cutting process of the thin-wall parts, the cutting force has direct influence on the processing quality of the workpiece, the excessive cutting force can cause the deformation of the thin-wall parts, however, the processing force is uncontrollable in the traditional processing process, the processing parameters are adjusted on the basis of the measurement of the processed workpiece, and further the processing force is adjusted, so that the time consumption is long, the cost is high and the stability is poor. Therefore, the method can accurately measure the cutting force in the cutting process of the thin-wall parts, control the cutting force to be a stable value by changing the cutting parameters, and is an important method for improving the processing quality of the thin-wall parts. Meanwhile, the self-adaptive intelligent processing has more and more obvious effect in ultra-precision processing, and a constant processing force device adopting automatic measurement and adjustment of processing force becomes the development trend of self-adaptive intelligent processing equipment. At present, the workbench with the constant processing force regulation capability is still in the preliminary stage, and further research and development are needed to meet the market demand. The constant-machining-force workbench suitable for machining of thin-wall parts, ultra-precise parts and the like is researched and developed, and the constant-machining-force workbench has important significance for promoting the development of the self-adaptive intelligent machining technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining, which can overcome the defects and has high intelligence degree. The technical scheme is as follows:
a bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining comprises a workbench, an X-axis moving assembly and a Y-axis moving assembly, wherein the X-axis moving assembly and the Y-axis moving assembly are identical in structure and respectively comprise 2 guide rails, 4 sliding blocks, a motion sliding table and a motion sliding table driving device; wherein: the X-axis moving sliding table is supported on 2 guide rails through 4 sliding blocks, and 2 guide rails in the X-axis moving assembly are fixedly arranged on the Y-axis moving sliding table; the Y-axis moving sliding table is supported on 2 guide rails through 4 sliding blocks, and 2 guide rails in the Y-axis moving assembly are fixedly arranged on the base; the motion sliding table driving device comprises a linear motor permanent magnet and a linear motor coil, wherein the linear motor permanent magnet of the X-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table, and the linear motor coil of the X-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the X-axis motion sliding table; a linear motor permanent magnet of the Y-axis movement sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the base, and a linear motor coil of the Y-axis movement sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the Y-axis movement sliding table; the method is characterized in that:
add long L shape support, 2 flange support, Y axle piezoceramics, X axle piezoceramics, 2F shape supports, short L shape support, X axle linear displacement sensor, X axle range finding board, screw, Y axle linear displacement sensor and Y axle range finding board, wherein: the upper end surface of the horizontal arm of the long L-shaped support is fixedly connected with the workbench, the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support is supported on the upper end surface of the X-axis movement sliding table in a downward floating mode, the horizontal arm of the short L-shaped support is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the X-axis movement sliding table, the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support is supported on the workbench in an upward floating mode, the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support and the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support are parallel in an opposite direction, and two ends of the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramic are respectively and horizontally installed between the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support and the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support through flange supports; 2F-shaped supports with the same structure are vertically and oppositely arranged on the lower end surface of a horizontal arm of the long L-shaped support and the X-axis moving sliding table respectively by taking the central line of the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramics as a symmetrical line, and a gap is reserved between the F-shaped supports and the X-axis piezoelectric ceramics; the X-axis linear displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table and corresponds to the X-axis linear displacement sensor, and the X-axis distance measuring plate is fixedly arranged on the end part of the X-axis motion sliding table; the Y-axis linear displacement sensor is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the base and corresponds to the Y-axis linear displacement sensor, and the Y-axis distance measuring plate is fixedly installed on the end portion of the Y-axis movement sliding table.
The working principle is as follows: the device is used as a machine tool accessory, when a workpiece is machined, the workpiece is fixed on a workbench of the device, and a base of the device is fixed on the workbench of the machine tool. In the machining process, the cutting force applied to the workpiece is transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramics through the support, and the machining force can be measured based on the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramics. Meanwhile, the measured machining force is compared with the machining force set in an external control system of the device, if the measured machining force is smaller than the cutting force set by the system, in order to improve the machining efficiency, the machining force can be increased by properly finely adjusting and increasing the cutting parameters through the movement of the moving sliding table driving device, and if the measured machining force is larger than the machining force set by the system, in order to ensure the machining quality, the machining force can be reduced by finely adjusting and reducing the machining parameters through the movement of the moving sliding table driving device, so that the machining force is ensured to be a fixed value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: because the cutting force is unstable in the machining process, the fluctuation of the cutting force can cause the vibration of a machine tool, the machining quality of the surface of a workpiece is reduced, and the wear of a cutter is intensified, the invention provides the bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining, which can perform bidirectional on-machine accurate measurement on the machining force in the machining process through piezoelectric ceramics, adjust the machining force by properly finely adjusting the cutting parameters through the movement of the moving sliding table driving device, automatically and finely adjust the machining parameters according to the machining force, control the bidirectional machining force and improve the machining precision; the intelligent processing system is high in intelligent degree and meets the development trend and market demand of self-adaptive intelligent processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view a-a of the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a workbench 2, a guide rail 3, a sliding block 4, an X-axis motion sliding table 5, a Y-axis motion sliding table 6, a base 7, a linear motor permanent magnet 8, a linear motor coil 9, a long L-shaped support 10, a flange support 11, a Y-axis piezoelectric ceramic 12, an X-axis piezoelectric ceramic 13, an F-shaped support 14, a short L-shaped support 15, an X-axis linear displacement sensor 16, an X-axis distance measuring plate 17, a screw 18, a Y-axis linear displacement sensor 19 and a Y-axis distance measuring plate
Detailed Description
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-3: the X-axis moving assembly and the Y-axis moving assembly are the same in structure and respectively comprise 2 guide rails 2, 4 sliding blocks 3, a moving sliding table and a moving sliding table driving device; wherein: the X-axis moving sliding table 4 is supported on 2 guide rails 2 through 4 sliding blocks 3, and 2 guide rails 2 in the X-axis moving assembly are fixedly arranged on the Y-axis moving sliding table 5; the Y-axis moving sliding table 5 is supported on 2 guide rails 2 through 4 sliding blocks 3, and 2 guide rails 2 in the Y-axis moving assembly are fixedly arranged on a base 6; the motion sliding table driving device comprises a linear motor permanent magnet 7 and a linear motor coil 8, wherein the linear motor permanent magnet 7 of the X-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table 5, and the linear motor coil 8 of the X-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the X-axis motion sliding table 4; the linear motor permanent magnet 7 of the Y-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the base 6, and the linear motor coil 8 of the Y-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table 5.
Add long L shape support 9, 2 flange support 10, Y axle piezoceramics 11, X axle piezoceramics 12, 2F shape supports 13, short L shape support 14, X axle linear displacement sensor 15, X axle range finding board 16, screw 17, Y axle linear displacement sensor 18 and Y axle range finding board 19, wherein: the upper end surface of the horizontal arm of the long L-shaped support 9 is fixedly connected with the workbench 1, the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support 9 is supported on the upper end surface of the X-axis movement sliding table 4 in a downward floating mode, the horizontal arm of the short L-shaped support 14 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the X-axis movement sliding table 4, the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support 14 is supported on the workbench 1 in an upward floating mode, the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support 9 is parallel to the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support 14 in an opposite mode, and two ends of the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramic 11 are respectively and horizontally arranged between the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support 9 and the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support 14 through the flange supports 10; 2F-shaped supports 13 with the same structure are vertically and oppositely arranged on the lower end surface of a horizontal arm of the long L-shaped support 9 and the X-axis moving sliding table 4 by taking the central line of the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramics 11 as a symmetrical line, and a gap is reserved between the F-shaped supports and the X-axis piezoelectric ceramics 11, and an X-axis piezoelectric ceramics 12 is embedded in a groove of each F-shaped support 13 and is fixed by a screw 17; an X-axis linear displacement sensor 15 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table 5 and corresponds to the X-axis linear displacement sensor 15, and an X-axis distance measuring plate 16 is fixedly arranged on the end part of the X-axis motion sliding table 4; the Y-axis linear displacement sensor 18 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the base 6 and corresponds to the Y-axis linear displacement sensor 18, and the Y-axis distance measuring plate 19 is fixedly arranged on the end part of the Y-axis motion sliding table 5.
Claims (1)
1. A bidirectional machining force measuring and compensating device for cutting machining comprises a workbench (1), an X-axis moving assembly and a Y-axis moving assembly, wherein the X-axis moving assembly and the Y-axis moving assembly are identical in structure and respectively comprise 2 guide rails (2), 4 sliding blocks (3), a motion sliding table and a motion sliding table driving device; wherein: in the X-axis moving assembly, an X-axis moving sliding table (4) is supported on 2 guide rails (2) through 4 sliding blocks (3), and the 2 guide rails (2) in the X-axis moving assembly are fixedly arranged on a Y-axis moving sliding table (5); in the Y-axis moving assembly, a Y-axis moving sliding table (5) is supported on 2 guide rails (2) through 4 sliding blocks (3), and the 2 guide rails (2) in the Y-axis moving assembly are fixedly arranged on a base (6); the motion sliding table driving device comprises a linear motor permanent magnet (7) and a linear motor coil (8), wherein the linear motor permanent magnet (7) of the X-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table (5), and the linear motor coil (8) of the X-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the X-axis motion sliding table (4); a linear motor permanent magnet (7) of the Y-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the base (6), and a linear motor coil (8) of the Y-axis motion sliding table driving device is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table (5); the method is characterized in that:
add long L shape support (9), 2 flange brackets (10), Y axle piezoceramics (11), X axle piezoceramics (12), 2F shape supports (13), short L shape support (14), X axle linear displacement sensor (15), X axle range finding board (16), screw (17), Y axle linear displacement sensor (18) and Y axle range finding board (19), wherein: the upper end surface of a horizontal arm of a long L-shaped support (9) is fixedly connected with a workbench (1), a vertical arm of the long L-shaped support (9) is supported on the upper end surface of an X-axis movement sliding table (4) in a downward floating mode, the horizontal arm of a short L-shaped support (14) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the X-axis movement sliding table (4), a vertical arm of the short L-shaped support (14) is supported on the workbench (1) in an upward floating mode, the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support (9) is parallel to the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support (14) in opposite directions, and two ends of a Y-axis piezoelectric ceramic (11) are respectively and horizontally installed between the vertical arm of the long L-shaped support (9) and the vertical arm of the short L-shaped support (14) through flange supports (10); 2F-shaped supports (13) with the same structure are vertically and oppositely arranged on the lower end surface of a horizontal arm of the long L-shaped support (9) and the X-axis moving sliding table (4) by taking the central line of the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramics (11) as a symmetrical line, and a gap is reserved between the F-shaped supports and the Y-axis piezoelectric ceramics (11), and an X-axis piezoelectric ceramics (12) is embedded in the grooves of the 2F-shaped supports (13) and is fixed by a screw (17); an X-axis linear displacement sensor (15) is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the Y-axis motion sliding table (5) and corresponds to the X-axis linear displacement sensor (15), and an X-axis distance measuring plate (16) is fixedly arranged on the end part of the X-axis motion sliding table (4); the Y-axis linear displacement sensor (18) is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the base (6) and corresponds to the Y-axis linear displacement sensor (18), and the Y-axis distance measuring plate (19) is fixedly arranged on the end part of the Y-axis motion sliding table (5).
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CN112045494B true CN112045494B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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DE3049347C2 (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1985-10-10 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Deposit for a patient with a piezoelectric force transducer |
CN101947747A (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2011-01-19 | 天津大学 | Machine-tool error compensation device and numerically-controlled machine tool comprising same |
CN102267069A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-12-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Test platform of three-dimensional dynamic force during super-high-rotating-speed cutting |
CN102616161A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-01 | 东北林业大学 | Three-dimensional damping seat for engineering vehicle |
CN102778890B (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-04-16 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Four-axis full-electric-driving geotechnical centrifugal robot |
CN103926066A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-16 | 北京工业大学 | Experiment device for measuring static rigidity of knife handle-main shaft joint part |
CN106289619A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of high precision high rigidity six-dimensional force measuring table |
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