CN112042449A - A method for controlling aphids in apple orchards based on Chinese lacewing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling aphids in apple orchards based on Lacewings chinensis, comprising the following steps: S1, planting alfalfa in rows of apple trees at intervals to form a combined grass pattern of alfalfa and natural grass; S2, based on apples The aphid traces on the tree can be used to evaluate the occurrence degree of aphids. At the same time, the five-point sampling method can be used to estimate the number and distribution of Lacewings in the apple orchard; S3. Based on the evaluation results of the occurrence degree of aphids in apple trees and the corresponding apple orchards The number of China Connect Lacewings is calculated for the number of China Connect Lacewings to be released; S4. Based on the distribution of China Connect Lacewings, the area with less distribution of China Connect Lacewings is selected as the release point of China Connect Lacewings, and the calculation is carried out according to the calculated number of China Connect Lacewings. The release of the China Tong Lacewing population. The invention greatly reduces the usage of chemical pesticides while realizing the control of aphids in apple orchards.

Description

A method for controlling aphids in apple orchards based on Chinese lacewing

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural pest control, in particular to a method for controlling aphids in apple orchards based on Lacewings chinensis.

Background technique

Apple aphids are one of the important factors restricting apple production in my country. At present, the control of apple aphids is still dominated by chemical control. Therefore, it is a scientific and reasonable solution to the reduction of natural enemies and excessive pesticide residues due to the dependence of chemical pesticides to control pests. Environmentally friendly pest control methods are an urgent need for apple production in my country.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for controlling aphids in apple orchards based on Lacewings chinensis, which fully utilizes the effect of the natural enemy of the aphids, Lacewings chinensis, and greatly reduces the use of chemical pesticides while controlling aphids in apple orchards. Usage amount.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A method for controlling aphids in apple orchards based on Lacewings chinensis, comprising the following steps:

S1. Plant alfalfa in one row of apple trees to form a combined grass pattern of alfalfa + natural grass;

S2. Based on the traces of aphids on apple trees, the occurrence degree of aphids can be assessed, and the five-point sampling method is used to estimate the number and distribution of Lacewings in apple orchards;

S3. Calculate the number of Lacewings to be released based on the assessment results of the occurrence degree of aphids in apple trees and the current corresponding number of Lacewings in the apple orchard;

S4. Based on the distribution of China Tong Lacewing, select the area with less distribution of China Tong Lacewing as the release point of China Tong Lacewing, and release the number of China Tong Lacewing according to the calculated number of China Tong Lacewing.

Further, in the step S1, 1.0-2.0 kg of alfalfa grass is required per 667 m ² , only alfalfa grass is retained from April to June, and some natural weeds with low water and fertilizer consumption are retained after July.

Further, in step S2, firstly, the fixed-point collection of the apple tree image set is realized by the drone, and then based on the Faster R-CNN model, the identification of aphid traces in the apple tree image set is realized, and the aphid traces include aphid traces, aphid egg traces, Leave curl traces, then realize the statistics of the number of aphid traces, the calculation of the area of aphid egg traces, the statistics of the number of leaf curl traces, and finally realize the current aphid based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm according to the total number of aphid traces, the total number of leaf curl traces and the area of aphid eggs traces. assessment of the degree of occurrence.

Further, the apple tree images collected by the drone all carry POS data, therefore, the results of the current aphid occurrence degree obtained in step S2 all carry the corresponding geographic location parameters.

Further, the step S3 is based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm to calculate the number of Lacewings to be released according to the evaluation result of the occurrence degree of aphids in the apple tree and the current corresponding number of Lacewings in the apple orchard.

Further, when the evaluation result of the degree of aphid occurrence obtained in step S2 falls within the preset threshold, it is necessary to first control the aphids by using a chemical pesticide that is harmless to Lacewings chinensis, and only when the aphids are controlled within the preset threshold. The release of China Tong Lacewing was carried out.

Further, the fuzzy neural network algorithm is learned based on the historical apple aphid occurrence degree and the corresponding required number of Lacewings.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

By artificially planting alfalfa, a mixed grass pattern combining alfalfa and natural grass is formed in the apple orchard to provide food and habitat for natural enemies. The number of China Tong Lacewings is to be released, so that the number of China Tong Lacewings in the orchard can always be at a relatively reasonable level, so as to achieve the purpose of continuously controlling the damage of apple pests.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling aphids in apple orchards based on Lacewings chinensis, comprising the following steps:

S1. Plant alfalfa in one row of apple trees to form a combined grass pattern of alfalfa + natural grass;

S2. Periodically assess the occurrence of aphids based on the traces of aphids on the apple tree, and at the same time use the five-point sampling method to estimate the number and distribution of Lacewings chinensis in apple orchards;

S3. Calculate the number of Lacewings to be released based on the assessment results of the occurrence degree of aphids in apple trees and the current corresponding number of Lacewings in the apple orchard;

S4. Based on the distribution of China Tong Lacewing, select the area with less distribution of China Tong Lacewing as the release point of China Tong Lacewing, and release the number of China Tong Lacewing according to the calculated number of China Tong Lacewing.

In this embodiment, in the step S1, 1.0-2.0 kg of alfalfa grass is required per 667 ^m2 , only alfalfa grass is retained from April to June, and some natural weeds that consume less water and fertilizer are retained after July. The grass method removes weeds that compete strongly with apple trees for fertilizer and water. The alfalfa is fully hand-cut twice, the stubble height is about 15cm, the natural weeds are mechanically cut twice, the stubble height is about 10cm, the cut alfalfa and natural weeds are left in the row of apples, other management measures alfalfa Consistent with natural grass areas.

In this embodiment, in step S2, firstly, the fixed-point collection of the apple tree image set is realized by the drone, and then based on the Faster R-CNN model, the identification of aphid traces in the apple tree image set is realized, and the aphid traces include aphid traces, aphid eggs Traces, leaf curl traces, and then realize the statistics of the number of aphid traces, the calculation of the area of aphid egg traces, the statistics of the number of leaf curl traces, and finally based on the total number of aphid traces, the total number of leaf curl traces and the aphid egg trace area based on fuzzy neural network algorithm implementation Assessment of the current level of aphid occurrence.

In this embodiment, the apple tree images collected by the drone all carry POS data, therefore, the results of the current aphid occurrence degree obtained in step S2 all carry the corresponding geographic location parameters.

In this embodiment, in the step S2:

The investigation of the Chinese lacewing on the apple tree canopy adopts the visual observation method. During the investigation, sampling is carried out at 5 points on the diagonal line, and 2 apple trees with full canopy are selected for each point. Select a 1-2-year-old side branch with new shoots on the top and equivalent growth, mark it on the label, and visually observe the front and back of all leaves and on the trunk of the selected side branch within the range of 1-1.2 cm from the top;

The Chinese lacewing on the green grass adopts the sweeping net method, and the investigation is carried out in the morning after the dew has dried. Sampling at 5 o'clock during the investigation, sweep the nets while walking on the grass between the rows of apple trees, sweep the nets continuously, and keep the nets as close to the ground as possible, sweep the nets 20 times at each point, one round trip counts once, and record the Chinese lacewings in the nets quantity.

In this embodiment, the step S3 is based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm to calculate the number of Lacewings to be released according to the evaluation result of the occurrence degree of aphids in the apple tree and the current corresponding number of Lacewings in the apple orchard. The fuzzy neural network algorithm is based on the historical apple aphid occurrence degree and the corresponding required number of Chinese lacewings learned.

In this embodiment, when the evaluation result of the occurrence degree of aphids obtained in step S2 falls within the preset threshold, it is necessary to first control the aphids by using a chemical pesticide that is harmless to Lacewings chinensis, and when the aphids are controlled within the preset threshold, Only then can the release of China Tong Lacewing be carried out.

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily, provided that there is no conflict.

Claims (7)

1. A method for controlling aphids in apple orchard based on chrysopa sinica is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, planting alfalfa in the apple tree rows at intervals to form a combined alfalfa and natural grass growing mode;

s2, evaluating the occurrence degree of aphids based on the aphid traces on the apple trees, and meanwhile, estimating the quantity and distribution condition of the chrysopa sinica in the apple orchard by adopting a five-point sampling method;

s3, calculating the quantity of the Chinese green lacewing to be released based on the evaluation result of the aphid occurrence degree of the apple tree and the quantity of the Chinese green lacewing in the apple orchard corresponding to the current situation;

and S4, selecting an area with less Chinese green lacewing distribution as a release point of the Chinese green lacewings based on the distribution condition of the Chinese green lacewings, and releasing the quantity of the Chinese green lacewings according to the calculated quantity of the Chinese green lacewings.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein apple orchard aphid control is based on green chrysopa sinensisA method of killing an insect, comprising: in the above step S1, each 667m²1.0-2.0 kg of alfalfa seeds are needed, only alfalfa flowers are reserved in 4-6 months, and part of natural weeds with low water and fertilizer consumption are reserved after 7 months.

3. The method for controlling apple orchard aphids based on chrysopa sinica according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, fixed-point collection of an apple tree image set is achieved through an unmanned aerial vehicle, recognition of aphid marks in the apple tree image set is achieved based on an Faster R-CNN model, the aphid marks comprise aphid marks, aphid egg marks and leaf curled marks, statistics of aphid mark number, calculation of aphid egg mark area and statistics of leaf curled mark number are achieved, and evaluation of current aphid occurrence degree is achieved based on a fuzzy neural network algorithm according to the total aphid marks, the total number of leaf curled marks and the aphid egg mark area.

4. The method for controlling apple orchard aphids based on chrysopa sinica according to claim 3, characterized in that: the apple tree images collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle all carry POS data, and therefore the current aphid occurrence degree results obtained in the step S2 all carry corresponding geographic position parameters.

5. The method for controlling apple orchard aphids based on chrysopa sinica according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step S3, calculating the quantity of the Chinese sand flies to be released according to the evaluation result of the aphid occurrence degree of the apple trees and the quantity of the Chinese sand flies in the apple orchard corresponding to the evaluation result based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm.

6. The method for controlling apple orchard aphids based on chrysopa sinica according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the aphid occurrence degree evaluation result obtained in step S2 falls within the preset threshold, the chemical pesticide harmless to chrysopa sinica is required to be firstly used to control the aphids, and when the aphids are controlled within the preset threshold, the chrysopa sinica can be released.

7. The method for controlling apple orchard aphids based on chrysopa sinica according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fuzzy neural network algorithm is obtained by learning based on historical apple aphid occurrence degree and the amount of Chinese green sand flies required correspondingly.