CN112042433B - Integrative cave dish seeder of sucking disc formula intelligence - Google Patents
Integrative cave dish seeder of sucking disc formula intelligence Download PDFInfo
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- CN112042433B CN112042433B CN202011020129.0A CN202011020129A CN112042433B CN 112042433 B CN112042433 B CN 112042433B CN 202011020129 A CN202011020129 A CN 202011020129A CN 112042433 B CN112042433 B CN 112042433B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
- A01G9/081—Devices for filling-up pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
- A01G9/085—Devices for setting seeds in pots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sucker type intelligent integrated plug seeding device, which relates to the technical field of plug seeding devices and comprises a rack, a plug conveying mechanism, a seeding mechanism for putting seeds into a plug, a seed tray frame for placing the seed tray, an earthing mechanism, a plug storage mechanism and a control device for controlling all power devices of the whole machine, wherein the plug conveying mechanism is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the rack, the seeding mechanism, the seed tray frame and the earthing mechanism are fixedly arranged on the upper side of the rack in sequence along the plug conveying direction, and the plug storage mechanism is arranged on one side of the rack close to the earthing mechanism. The invention is suitable for small-scale planting scattered households, has low cost and compact structure, integrates seeding, soil covering and storage, can improve the seeding quality and efficiency, and solves the problem of blockage of the soil outlet of the existing soil covering box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plug seeding devices, and particularly relates to a sucker type intelligent integrated plug seeding device.
Background
Seedling transplantation is an efficient cultivation technology, plug seedling is a key technology of seedling transplantation, seeding is important in the plug seedling production process, and the rate and effect of emergence are directly influenced by the quality of seeding. The plug-type seeding machine is a key device for ensuring seeding quality, mainly comprises 3 types of pin holes, plates and drums, integrates assembly line operations such as soil feeding, seeding, soil covering and the like, is suitable for large-scale factory seedling culture, and has relatively high cost and high price.
However, the planting mode in China is that 'more scattered planting and less scale planting', most of small-scale greenhouse farmers still carry out manual dibbling, and the problems of low efficiency, difficult control of sowing depth, uneven seedling emergence and the like exist; in addition, the greenhouse has small space, and the development of a small-sized seeding device with simple structure and suitable for plug seedling has important practical significance.
The team member has developed "a whole dish of air-suction type is to cave seedling growing seeder that patent application number is ZL201610328532.7, and scattered family provides feasible cave dish seeder for small-scale big-arch shelter planting, but the device can only accomplish the seeding, follow-up needs earthing operation, and whole operation process is all manual, and degree of automation is low. In addition, the conventional soil covering device is seriously blocked because blocky wet soil or excessive soil is accumulated to the soil outlet of the soil covering box at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a sucker type intelligent integrated hole tray seeding device which is suitable for small-scale planting scattered households, low in cost, compact in structure, capable of integrating seeding, soil covering and storage, capable of improving seeding quality and efficiency and capable of solving the problem of blockage of a soil outlet of a soil covering box.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a sucker type intelligent integrated plug seeding device which comprises a rack, a plug conveying mechanism, a seeding mechanism for putting seeds into a plug, a plug frame for placing the plug, an earthing mechanism, a plug storage mechanism and a control device for controlling all power devices of the whole machine, wherein the plug conveying mechanism is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the rack, the seeding mechanism, the plug frame and the earthing mechanism are fixedly arranged on the upper side of the rack in sequence along the plug conveying direction, and the plug storage mechanism is arranged on one side of the rack close to the earthing mechanism;
the soil covering mechanism comprises a support fixedly mounted on the rack, a soil covering box used for filling hole tray seeding matrix, a soil covering conveying mechanism used for conveying the hole tray seeding matrix and covering the hole tray, an impeller used for crushing soil and a brush used for adjusting the regularity of the hole tray seeding matrix, the soil covering box is respectively provided with a soil inlet and a soil outlet at the upper part and the lower part, the soil outlet of the soil covering box is provided with a square groove, a baffle is transversely inserted in the square groove, the soil covering conveying mechanism positioned right below the soil outlet of the soil covering box is fixedly mounted on the support, the support is fixedly provided with a soil covering direct current motor used for driving the soil covering conveying mechanism, the output end of the soil covering direct current motor is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft through a chain transmission mechanism, the two ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably assembled at the inner side of the soil covering box, and the impeller is arranged on the transmission shaft;
the hole disc storage mechanism comprises a scissor-fork type lifting mechanism, a stepping electric cylinder and a hole disc collecting box, the hole disc collecting box is fixedly mounted at the top end of the scissor-fork type lifting mechanism, a plurality of storage grooves are uniformly formed in one side, close to the soil covering structure, of the hole disc collecting box from top to bottom, openings of the storage grooves are matched with the hole discs, the stepping electric cylinder is fixedly mounted on a movable rod at the lower side of the scissor-fork type lifting mechanism, and an output rod of the stepping electric cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom of the hole disc collecting box;
the control device comprises a control panel, a seeding photoelectric switch, an earthing photoelectric switch and a storage photoelectric switch which are arranged on the inner side of a control box on the rack, the seeding photoelectric switch, the earthing photoelectric switch and the storage photoelectric switch are sequentially arranged on a seeding station, an earthing station and a plug storage station on the rack, and the control panel is respectively electrically connected with a seeding mechanism drive, an earthing direct current motor, a stepping electric cylinder, an external power supply, the seeding photoelectric switch, the earthing photoelectric switch and the storage photoelectric switch.
Preferably, cut fork elevating system and constitute by a pair of fork mechanism and two movable rods of cutting, cut fork mechanism and constitute by two intercrossing and middle part looks articulated connecting rods, and both ends all are through movable rod fixed connection about the rear side of relative connecting rod, cut fork elevating system and fix on the bottom plate, the front side top fixed mounting of relative connecting rod has cave dish collecting box, and the relative lateral wall of cave dish collecting box and bottom plate all is provided with the slide rail, cut the movable rod of fork elevating system upper and lower both sides respectively with upper and lower both sides slide rail sliding connection, cut the movable rod fixed mounting of fork elevating system downside has step-by-step electric jar, and step-by-step electric jar output rod and cave dish collecting box lower fixed surface are connected.
Preferably, the seeding mechanism comprises a seed suction disc, a driving rod, a driven rod and a vacuum pump, a cavity is arranged on the inner side of the seed suction disc, a suction hole is formed in the upper surface of the seed suction disc and communicated with the output end of the vacuum pump on the frame through an air duct, a plurality of pinhole suction nozzles which are matched with the hole disc grooves and are evenly spaced are arranged on the lower surface of the seed suction disc, a seeding direct current motor is fixedly installed on the frame, the seed suction and the seeding motion control mechanism of the seed suction disc are realized by adopting a front group of parallel four-bar mechanisms and a rear group of parallel four-bar mechanisms which are matched with each other, each group of parallel four-bar mechanisms comprises a driving rod fixedly connected with the output shaft of the seeding direct current motor and a driven rod hinged with the frame, the driving rod and the driven rod which are equal in length are arranged in parallel, the front and rear opposite driving rods and the two driven rods are hinged through optical axes which are fixedly assembled at the left end and the right end of the seed suction disc respectively, a left limit switch and a right limit switch are arranged on the rack, and the left limit switch and the right limit switch are respectively positioned on two sides of the parallel four-bar mechanism.
Preferably, cave dish conveying mechanism is including carrying direct current motor, conveyer belt and a plurality of T type baffle, both ends are rotated respectively and are equipped with driving shaft and driven shaft about the frame, and the frame has the transport direct current motor through motor support fixed mounting, and carries the driving shaft fixed connection that direct current motor output shaft and coaxial line set up, frame downside fixed mounting has straining device, and straining device includes transition axle and vertical section bar, and the assembly is all rotated on horizontal section bar to transition axle both sides, and horizontal section bar fixed mounting is on the vertical section bar of frame side, the conveyer belt has been cup jointed jointly in the outside of driving shaft, driven shaft and transition axle, and conveyer belt outside surface evenly distributed has a plurality of T type baffles, and between two adjacent T type baffles regional and the size phase-match of cave dish downside.
Preferably, earthing conveying mechanism includes drive roll, driven voller and hold-in range, both ends rotate respectively about the support inside wall and are equipped with drive roll and driven voller that are parallel to each other, the support has earthing direct current motor through motor support frame fixed mounting, and the drive roll fixed connection that earthing direct current motor output shaft and coaxial line set up, the hold-in range has been cup jointed to the lateral wall of drive roll and driven voller.
Preferably, the seed disc and the plug disc have the same number of uniformly distributed plug grooves, and the plug grooves of the seed disc are smaller and shallower than the plug disc plug grooves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the sucker type intelligent integrated plug seeding device is matched with a plug conveying mechanism, a seeding mechanism, a plug and a support thereof, an earthing mechanism, a plug storage mechanism and a control device for use, the plug conveying mechanism conveys and positions plugs filled with a proper amount of matrix, when the plugs are conveyed to the seeding mechanism, the plug sucking plate sucks seeds from the plug and then moves in the opposite direction, the plug sucking plate stops air and drops the seeds when the seeds reach the plug position under the control of a limit switch, the sowed plugs are continuously conveyed to the earthing mechanism, the earthing conveying mechanism drives the soil to be quantitatively and uniformly laid on the plugs, and the plugs are conveyed to a scissor-type lifting mechanism capable of lifting horizontally after earthing, so that the processes are circulated to complete the sowing, earthing and temporary storage operations of a plurality of plugs Easy popularization and greatly improves the precision and efficiency of plug seedling sowing.
2) This integrative cave dish seeder of sucking disc formula intelligence, adopt the chain drive, the cooperation of impeller and baffle is used, earthing direct current motor passes through hold-in range and chain drive earthing conveying mechanism and impeller and rotates simultaneously, can smash cubic moist soil in the earthing like this, the lateral shifting of baffle can change the size of earthing case unearthing mouth, and then change the unearthing volume of covering the soil case, solve current earthing device, because cubic moist soil or too much soil volume pile up the unearthing mouth of covering the soil case in the same time, cause to block up serious problem.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sucker-type intelligent integrated plug seeding device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil covering mechanism of the sucker-type intelligent integrated plug seeding device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a plug storage mechanism of the suction cup type intelligent integrated plug seeding device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a seeding mechanism of the sucker-type intelligent integrated plug seeding device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a control system of a suction cup type intelligent integrated plug seeding device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a frame, 2-a hole tray conveying mechanism, 21-a driving shaft, 22-a driven shaft, 23-a conveying direct current motor, 24-a tensioning mechanism, 241-a transition shaft, 242-a vertical profile, 25-a conveying belt, 26-a T-shaped baffle, 3-a seeding mechanism, 31-a seed sucking tray, 311-a suction hole, 312-a pinhole suction nozzle, 32-a driving rod, 33-a driven rod, 34-an optical axis, 35-a seeding direct current motor, 36-a vacuum pump, 37-a left limit switch, 38-a right limit switch, 4-a seed tray, 41-a tray frame, 5-a soil covering mechanism, 51-a support frame, 52-a soil covering box, 53-a soil covering conveying mechanism, 54-a soil covering direct current motor, 55-a chain transmission mechanism and 56-a transmission shaft, 57-impeller, 58-brush, 59-baffle, 6-plug storage mechanism, 61-scissor type lifting mechanism, 62-stepping electric cylinder, 63-plug collection box, 7-control device, 71-control panel, 72-seeding photoelectric switch, 73-earthing photoelectric switch and 74-storage photoelectric switch.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For the convenience of understanding of those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
The utility model provides an integrative cave dish seeder of sucking disc formula intelligence, which comprises a frame 1, cave dish conveying mechanism 2, a seeding mechanism 3 for putting the seed in to the cave dish, kind dish 4, a kind plate rail 41 for placing kind dish 4, earthing mechanism 5, cave dish is deposited mechanism 6 and is used for controlling all power device's of complete machine controlling means 7, fixed surface installs cave dish conveying mechanism 2 in 1 frame, and lie in 1 upside of frame and follow cave dish direction of delivery fixed assembly in proper order and have seeding mechanism 3, kind plate rail 41 and earthing mechanism 5, one side that frame 1 is close to earthing mechanism 5 is provided with cave dish and deposits mechanism 6.
In the embodiment, the interval among the mechanisms of the sucker type intelligent integrated plug seeding device is proper, and the mechanisms are kept in a state of non-interference with normal operation when running normally and efficiently; the frame 1 is built by aluminum profiles, so that the assembly is convenient; the plug tray is a 6 x 12 plug tray with 72 holes; the space between the seed tray 41 and the conveyor belt 25 can pass the seeded well smoothly.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the soil covering mechanism 5 comprises a bracket 51 fixedly mounted on the frame 1, a soil covering box 52 for filling the plug seeding matrix, a soil covering conveying mechanism 53 for conveying the plug seeding matrix and covering the plug seeding matrix, an impeller 57 for crushing soil and a brush 58 for adjusting the regularity of the plug seeding matrix, the soil covering box 52 is provided with a soil inlet and a soil outlet at the upper and lower parts, the soil outlet of the soil covering box 52 is provided with a square groove, and a baffle 59 is transversely inserted in the square groove, the covering soil conveying mechanism 53 positioned right below the soil outlet of the covering soil box 52 is fixedly arranged on the bracket 51, a covering soil direct current motor 54 for driving the covering soil conveying mechanism 53 is fixedly arranged on the bracket 51, the output end of the covering soil direct current motor 54 is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft 56 through a chain transmission mechanism 55, two ends of the transmission shaft 56 are rotatably assembled at the inner side of the covering soil box 52, and an impeller 57 is arranged on the transmission shaft 56.
In this embodiment, the structure of earthing box 52 is the triangular prism form infundibulate of transversely placing, and funnel department cross section size and cave dish phase-match avoid the extravagant or uneven phenomenon of filling of matrix. The transverse movement of the baffle 59 can change the size of the soil outlet of the soil covering box 52, so as to change the soil outlet amount of the soil covering box 52, and avoid the phenomenon that the soil outlet of the soil covering box 52 is blocked because excessive soil is accumulated on the soil covering conveying mechanism 53 at the same time; the chain transmission mechanism 55 comprises a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel and a chain, the driving chain wheel is fixedly connected between an output shaft of the soil covering direct current motor 54 and a driving roller on the soil covering conveying mechanism 53, the driven chain wheel is fixedly installed at the extending end of the transmission shaft 56 outside the bracket 51, the part of the transmission shaft 56, which is positioned inside the soil covering box 52, is rotatably assembled on the inner side wall of the soil covering box 52 through a bearing seat, and the chain is sleeved outside the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel, so that the rotation of the output shaft of the soil covering direct current motor 54 can drive the rotation of an impeller 57 on the transmission shaft 56, and further the block-shaped wet soil is smashed; tensioning parts for adjusting the tensioning degrees of the chain transmission mechanism 55 and the covering soil conveying mechanism 53 are respectively arranged on the front side of the support 51 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the vertical tensioning parts are composed of studs fixedly connected with bearing blocks at the end parts of transmission shafts 56 and vertical sliding grooves in the support 51, the studs penetrate through the sliding grooves and are locked through nuts, the horizontal tensioning parts are composed of studs fixedly connected with bearing blocks at the end parts of driven rollers and horizontal sliding grooves in the support 51, and the studs penetrate through the sliding grooves and are locked through nuts.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the plug storage mechanism 6 includes a scissor-type lifting mechanism 61, a stepping electric cylinder 62 and a plug collection box 63, the top end of the scissor-type lifting mechanism 61 is fixedly provided with the plug collection box 63, one side of the plug collection box 63 close to the soil covering structure 5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of storage tanks from top to bottom, the sizes of the openings of the storage tanks are matched with the plugs, the movable rod at the lower side of the scissor-type lifting mechanism 61 is fixedly provided with the stepping electric cylinder 62, and the output rod of the stepping electric cylinder 62 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the plug collection box 63.
In this embodiment, the size of the opening of the groove above the plug collecting box 63 is larger than the vertical section of the plug, so that the plug can slide into the square groove of the plug collecting box 63 more easily; the whole plug storage mechanism 6 is not connected with the seedling and seeding device main body frame 1, and after the scissor type lifting mechanism 61 is contracted, the whole plug storage mechanism 6 can be stored to the inner side of the tail part of the frame 1, can be independently moved and stored, and is matched with other stations for use.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the control device 7 includes a control board 71, a seeding photoelectric switch 72, an earth covering photoelectric switch 73 and a storage photoelectric switch 74 on the inner side of a control box on the frame 1, the seeding photoelectric switch 72, the earth covering photoelectric switch 73 and the storage photoelectric switch 74 are sequentially arranged on a seeding station, an earth covering station and a plug storage station on the frame 1, and the control board 71 is electrically connected with the seeding mechanism 3 drive, the earth covering dc motor 54, the stepping electric cylinder 62, the external power supply, the seeding photoelectric switch 72, the earth covering photoelectric switch 73 and the storage photoelectric switch 74 respectively.
In this embodiment, the seeding mechanism 3 includes a seeding dc motor 35, an electromagnetic valve on a vacuum pump 36, a left limit switch 37 and a right limit switch 38; the control panel 71 is a development panel with model number arduino UNO R3, the control system comprises a plug transport control module, a plug seeding control module, a plug earthing control module and a plug storage control module, wherein the plug transport control module is formed by electrically connecting a PWN speed regulation module and a transport direct current motor 23, the plug seeding control module is formed by electrically connecting a seeding photoelectric switch 72, a time relay, a vacuum pump 36, a direct current motor speed regulation driver, a seeding direct current motor 35, a left limit switch 37 and a right limit switch 38, and the plug earthing control module is formed by electrically connecting an earthing photoelectric switch 73, a PWM speed regulation module and an earthing direct current motor 54; the position of the seeding photoelectric switch 72 is matched with the position of the maximum swing limit of the parallel four-bar mechanism on the front side of the seeding mechanism 3, the position of the earthing photoelectric switch 73 is arranged on the left side of the earthing mechanism 5 and is perfectly matched with the position where soil can be covered in a seeded hole tray, and the specific positions of the seeding photoelectric switch 72 and the earthing photoelectric switch 73 on the rack 1 are determined by the rotating speed of the conveyor belt 25; the storage photoelectric switch 74 is positioned at the tail of the frame 1, namely the front side of the plug storage station, when the plug passes through the storage photoelectric switch 74, the control panel 71 transmits a delay signal, and when the plug completely enters the storage groove in the plug collection box 63, the stepping electric cylinder 62 drives the plug collection box 63 to descend until the empty storage groove is aligned with the upper side of the plug conveying mechanism 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the scissor type lifting mechanism 61 is composed of a pair of scissor type lifting mechanisms and two movable rods, the scissor type lifting mechanism is composed of two connecting rods which are mutually crossed and hinged at the middle part, the upper end and the lower end of the rear side of each connecting rod are fixedly connected through the movable rods, the scissor type lifting mechanism 61 is fixed on the bottom plate, a plug collecting box 63 is fixedly installed at the top end of the front side of each connecting rod, slide rails are arranged on the plug collecting box 63 and the opposite side walls of the bottom plate, the movable rods on the upper side and the lower side of the scissor type lifting mechanism 61 are respectively connected with the slide rails on the upper side and the lower side in a sliding manner, a stepping electric cylinder 62 is fixedly installed on the movable rod on the lower side of the scissor type lifting mechanism 61, and an output rod of the stepping electric cylinder 62 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the plug collecting box 63.
In this embodiment, the output rod of the stepping electric cylinder 62 pushes up the hole tray collecting box 63, and then the movable rods on the upper and lower sides are driven to move to the front side along the slide rail, so that the lifting height of the hole tray collecting box 63 can be accurately controlled, and the hole trays after covering soil can be stably conveyed into the storage tank.
As shown in fig. 4, the sowing mechanism 3 comprises a seed suction disc 31, a driving rod 32, a driven rod 33 and a vacuum pump 36, a cavity is arranged inside the seed suction disc 31, an air suction hole 311 is arranged on the upper surface of the seed suction disc 31, the air suction hole 311 is communicated with the output end of the vacuum pump 36 on the frame 1 through an air duct, a plurality of pinhole suction nozzles 312 which are matched with the grooves of the hole disc and are uniformly spaced are arranged on the lower surface of the seed suction disc 31, a sowing direct current motor 35 is fixedly arranged on the frame 1, the seed suction and sowing movement control mechanism of the seed suction disc 31 are realized by a front group of parallel four-bar mechanisms and a rear group of parallel four-bar mechanisms which are matched with each other, each group of the parallel four-bar mechanisms comprises a driving rod 32 fixedly connected with the output shaft of the sowing direct current motor 35 and a driven rod 33 hinged with the frame 1, the driving rod 32 and the driven rod 33 which are equal in length are arranged in parallel, the front and rear two opposite driving rods 32 and two driven rods 33 are hinged through an optical axis 34, and the two optical axes 34 are respectively and fixedly assembled at the left and right ends of the seed suction disc 31, a left limit switch 37 and a right limit switch 38 are arranged on the frame 1, and the left limit switch 37 and the right limit switch 38 are respectively positioned at the two sides of the parallel four-bar mechanism.
In this embodiment, the seed suction disc 31 is a square empty box made of acrylic plates and provided with seventy-two pinhole suction nozzles 312, the internal space capacity is small, the vacuum pump 36 can instantly generate large negative air pressure inside the seed suction disc 31 to quickly and firmly adsorb seeds, the seventy-two pinhole suction nozzles 312 correspond to holes of the hole disc one by one, and point-to-point accurate seeding can be realized; two groups of parallel four-bar mechanisms which are mutually matched are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the seed suction disc 31, and the driving rod 32 and the driven rod 33 are equal in length and are arranged in parallel, so that the four-bar mechanisms can ensure that the seed suction disc 31 can swing back and forth in a horizontal state all the time; the driving rod 32 and the driven rod 33 are both 4X 8 hollow aluminum pipes, can bear larger torque in the horizontal direction, meet the requirement of the seed suction disc 31 for swinging back and forth, have lighter weight, and reduce the load on the direct current motor 35 for sowing; an output shaft of the direct current seeding motor 35 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the driving rod 32 at the front side of the frame 1 through a coupler and a rotating shaft; the left limit switch 37 is positioned on the left side of the driven rod 33, the right limit switch 38 is positioned on the right side of the driving rod 32, the left limit switch 37 and the right limit switch 38 are positioned on the front side of the rack 1 together, the sowing direct current motor 35 stops rotating when the driven rod 33 touches the left limit switch 37, and the control panel 71 controls the seed suction disc 31 to start sowing; when the driving rod 32 touches the right limit switch 38, the direct current seeding motor 35 stops rotating, and the control panel 71 controls the plug tray conveying mechanism 2 to continue to operate; the adsorbed seeds are always in an adsorbed state in the swing process of the parallel four-bar mechanism, and the time relay controls the air suction time of the seed suction disc 31, and the time is obtained according to the operation speed of the parallel four-bar mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1, the plug conveying mechanism 2 comprises a conveying dc motor 23, a conveyor belt 25 and a plurality of T-shaped baffles 26, a driving shaft 21 and a driven shaft 22 are respectively rotatably assembled at the left and right ends of the frame 1, the frame 1 is fixedly provided with the conveying dc motor 23 through a motor bracket, and the output shaft of the direct current conveying motor 23 is fixedly connected with a driving shaft 21 which is coaxially arranged, a tensioning mechanism 24 is fixedly arranged at the lower side of the frame 1, the tensioning mechanism 24 comprises a transition shaft 241 and a vertical section bar 242, both sides of the transition shaft 241 are rotatably assembled on the horizontal section bar, and the horizontal section bar is fixedly installed on the vertical section bar 242 of frame 1 side, and the conveyer belt 25 has been cup jointed jointly in the outside of driving shaft 21, driven shaft 22 and transition axle 241, and conveyer belt 25 outside surface evenly distributed has a plurality of T type baffles 26, and the size phase-match of region and cave dish downside between two adjacent T type baffles 26.
In the embodiment, the driving shaft 21, the driven shaft 22 and the transition shaft 241 are all nylon rods subjected to knurling treatment, so that the friction force is increased, and the slipping phenomenon between the nylon rods and the conveyor belt 25 is avoided; bearing seats are rotatably assembled on two sides of the transition shaft 241 through deep groove ball bearings, the bearing seats are fixedly installed on the transverse sectional materials, the vertical sectional materials 242 are fixedly installed at the opposite positions of the front side and the rear side of the rack 1, the vertical sectional materials 242 and the transverse sectional materials at the same side are connected through corner connectors, so that the height of the transition shaft 241 is changed by adjusting the positions of the transverse sectional materials on the vertical sectional materials 242, the tensioning and non-slipping of the conveying belt 25 on the whole plug conveying mechanism 2 are further controlled, the upper surface of the conveying belt 25 is horizontally arranged, and the stable operation of the plug conveying mechanism 2 is facilitated; conveyer belt 25 thickness is 2mm, and wide 520mm, conveyer belt 25 thickness are suitable, can carry the better transmission that bends of 23 drive departments of direct current motor, and is softer, reduces the work load of motor, effectively improves transmission efficiency, and can bear sufficient pulling force simultaneously, satisfies the transport demand, and difficult production is out of shape, extension working life.
As shown in fig. 2, the soil covering conveying mechanism 53 comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a synchronous belt, the left end and the right end of the inner side wall of the support 51 are respectively rotatably assembled with the driving roller and the driven roller which are parallel to each other, the support 51 is fixedly provided with a soil covering direct current motor 54 through a motor support frame, the output shaft of the soil covering direct current motor 54 is fixedly connected with the driving roller which is coaxially arranged, and the synchronous belt is sleeved on the outer side walls of the driving roller and the driven roller.
In this embodiment, the width of the timing belt on the soil covering conveying mechanism 53 is equal to the distance between the front and rear inner walls of the soil covering box 52, so as to prevent the soil on the timing belt from overflowing from the front and rear of the soil covering box 52.
As shown in fig. 1, the seed plate 4 and the plug have the same number of evenly distributed cavities, and the cavities of the seed plate 4 are smaller and shallower than the plug cavities.
In this embodiment, the seed tray 4 with seeds put in is placed on the seed tray frame 41, the designed seed tray 4 and the used hole trays have the same number of holes and grooves which are uniformly distributed, and the hole grooves of the seed tray 4 are smaller and shallower than the hole grooves of the hole trays, so that the seeds in the seed tray 4 can sufficiently meet the requirement of multiple seeding.
The utility model provides an integrative cave dish seeder of sucking disc formula intelligence, the working process as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: before work, the hole tray with the substrate is placed at the starting end on the left side of the hole tray conveying mechanism 2, the seed tray 4 with the seeds is placed on the tray frame 41, a certain amount of the substrate is put into the soil covering box 52, the storage groove on the lowest side of the hole tray collecting box 63 is opposite to the upper surface of the tail part of the conveyor belt 25, the soil covering conveying mechanism 53 is independently started, the soil covering direct current motor 54 stops running when the synchronous belt is covered with soil, the external power supply of the vacuum pump 36 and the control panel 71 is started, when the whole machine starts to work, the conveying direct current motor 23 drives the hole tray to start to move through the conveyor belt 25, when the hole tray passes through the seeding photoelectric switch 72, namely, the hole tray reaches a seeding area, the control panel 71 controls the conveying direct current motor 23 to stop running, at the moment, the control panel 71 enables the seed suction tray 31 to generate negative pressure through the vacuum pump 36, the seeds in the seed tray 31 are adsorbed to the suction nozzle 312, and then, the seeding direct current motor 35 drives the seed suction tray 31 which has completed seed suction through the parallel four-bar mechanism to swing towards the direction of the hole tray Until the front driven rod 33 touches the left limit switch 37, the sowing direct current motor 35 stops working, the control panel 71 is provided with delay time to control the vacuum pump 36 to cut off air, accurate seed falling is completed, the sowing direct current motor 35 rotates reversely, the parallel four-bar mechanism drives the seed suction disc 31 to recover to the disc rack 41 matched with the seed suction disc, the front driving rod 32 touches the right limit switch 38, the control panel 71 controls the conveying direct current motor 23 to continue moving, and then the conveyor belt 25 continues conveying the hole discs to move;
step two: when the conveyor belt 25 drives the aperture disc to the earthing photoelectric switch 73, namely the aperture disc reaches an earthing area, the control panel 71 controls the earthing direct current motor 54 to control the earthing direct current motor 54 to drive soil to flow out quantitatively synchronously, meanwhile, the earthing direct current motor 54 drives the impeller 57 to rotate around the transmission shaft 56, so that blocky wet soil in the earthing box 52 is broken, the soil output of the earthing box 52 is controlled through the baffle 59, and redundant soil layers are hung through the brush 58, so that the soil is uniformly and flatly distributed on the aperture disc, and earthing is completed;
step three, when the conveyor belt 25 drives the potted tray to reach the storage photoelectric switch 74, the control panel 71 sets a delay time, when the potted tray completely enters the storage groove in the potted tray collection box 63, the stepping electric cylinder 62 drives the scissor-type lifting mechanism 61 and the potted tray collection box 63 to integrally descend until the next empty storage groove is opposite to the upper surface of the tail of the conveyor belt 25, the output rod of the stepping electric cylinder 62 stops moving at the moment to prepare for next potted tray collection, and thus, one complete operation of potted tray seeding, soil covering and storage is completed, and the three steps are circulated, so that the precision and the efficiency of potted tray seedling seeding are greatly improved.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (6)
1. A sucker-type intelligent integrated plug seeding device is characterized by comprising a rack, a plug conveying mechanism, a seeding mechanism for putting seeds into a plug, a plug frame for placing the plug, an earthing mechanism, a plug storage mechanism and a control device for controlling all power devices of the whole machine, wherein the plug conveying mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rack, the seeding mechanism, the plug frame and the earthing mechanism are fixedly installed on the upper side of the rack in sequence along the plug conveying direction, and the plug storage mechanism is arranged on one side of the rack close to the earthing mechanism;
the soil covering mechanism comprises a support fixedly mounted on the rack, a soil covering box used for filling hole tray seeding matrix, a soil covering conveying mechanism used for conveying the hole tray seeding matrix and covering the hole tray, an impeller used for crushing soil and a brush used for adjusting the regularity of the hole tray seeding matrix, the soil covering box is respectively provided with a soil inlet and a soil outlet at the upper part and the lower part, the soil outlet of the soil covering box is provided with a square groove, a baffle is transversely inserted in the square groove, the soil covering conveying mechanism positioned right below the soil outlet of the soil covering box is fixedly mounted on the support, the support is fixedly provided with a soil covering direct current motor used for driving the soil covering conveying mechanism, the output end of the soil covering direct current motor is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft through a chain transmission mechanism, the two ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably assembled at the inner side of the soil covering box, and the impeller is arranged on the transmission shaft;
the hole disc storage mechanism comprises a scissor-fork type lifting mechanism, a stepping electric cylinder and a hole disc collecting box, the hole disc collecting box is fixedly mounted at the top end of the scissor-fork type lifting mechanism, a plurality of storage grooves are uniformly formed in one side, close to the soil covering structure, of the hole disc collecting box from top to bottom, openings of the storage grooves are matched with the hole discs, the stepping electric cylinder is fixedly mounted on a movable rod at the lower side of the scissor-fork type lifting mechanism, and an output rod of the stepping electric cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom of the hole disc collecting box;
the control device comprises a control panel, a left limit switch, a right limit switch, a seeding photoelectric switch, an earthing photoelectric switch and a storage photoelectric switch which are arranged on the inner side of a control box on a frame, wherein the seeding photoelectric switch, the earthing photoelectric switch and the storage photoelectric switch are sequentially arranged on a seeding station, an earthing station and a plug storage station on the frame, the control panel is respectively electrically connected with a seeding mechanism drive, an earthing direct current motor, a stepping electric cylinder, an external power supply, the left limit switch, the right limit switch, the seeding photoelectric switch, the earthing photoelectric switch and the storage photoelectric switch, the seeding mechanism comprises a seed suction disc, a driving rod and a driven rod, the frame is fixedly provided with the seeding direct current motor, the seed suction and the seeding motion control mechanism are realized by front and back two groups of parallel four-bar mechanisms which are matched with each other, each group of parallel four-bar mechanisms comprises a driving rod fixedly connected with an output shaft of the seeding direct current motor and a driven rod hinged with the frame, the driving rod and the driven rod which are equal in length are arranged in parallel, a left limit switch and a right limit switch are arranged on the rack, and the left limit switch and the right limit switch are respectively positioned on two sides of the parallel four-bar mechanism;
a plurality of T-shaped baffles are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of a conveyor belt of the plug tray conveying mechanism, and the area between every two adjacent T-shaped baffles is matched with the size of the lower side of the plug tray.
2. The suction cup type intelligent integrated plug seeding device according to claim 1, wherein the scissor type lifting mechanism is composed of a pair of scissor type lifting mechanisms and two movable rods, each scissor type lifting mechanism is composed of two mutually crossed connecting rods with hinged middle portions, the upper end and the lower end of the rear side of each connecting rod are fixedly connected through the corresponding movable rods, the scissor type lifting mechanisms are fixed on the bottom plate, plug collecting boxes are fixedly mounted at the top ends of the front sides of the corresponding connecting rods, slide rails are arranged on the opposite side walls of the plug collecting boxes and the bottom plate, the movable rods on the upper side and the lower side of the scissor type lifting mechanism are respectively in sliding connection with the slide rails on the upper side and the lower side, stepping electric cylinders are fixedly mounted on the movable rods on the lower side of the scissor type lifting mechanism, and output rods of the stepping electric cylinders are fixedly connected with the lower surfaces of the plug collecting boxes.
3. The intelligent sucker-type integrated plug seeding device according to claim 1, wherein the seeding mechanism further comprises a vacuum pump, a cavity is formed in the inner side of the sucker disc, a suction hole is formed in the upper surface of the sucker disc and communicated with the output end of the vacuum pump on the rack through an air duct, a plurality of pinhole suction nozzles matched with the plug grooves and evenly spaced are arranged on the lower surface of the sucker disc, the front driving rod and the rear driving rod are opposite, the two driving rods and the two driven rods are hinged through optical axes, and the two optical axes are respectively fixedly assembled at the left end and the right end of the sucker disc.
4. The intelligent integrated sucker-type plug seeding device according to claim 1, wherein the plug conveying mechanism comprises a conveying direct current motor, a conveying belt and a plurality of T-shaped baffles, the left end and the right end of the rack are respectively rotatably assembled with a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the rack is fixedly provided with the conveying direct current motor through a motor support, an output shaft of the conveying direct current motor is fixedly connected with the driving shaft of the coaxial line, a tensioning mechanism is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the rack and comprises a transition shaft and a vertical section, the two sides of the transition shaft are rotatably assembled on a transverse section, the transverse section is fixedly arranged on the vertical section on the side edge of the rack, and the conveying belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the driving shaft, the driven shaft and the transition shaft.
5. The sucker-type intelligent integrated plug seeding device according to claim 1, wherein the earthing conveying mechanism comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a synchronous belt, the left end and the right end of the inner side wall of the support are respectively and rotatably assembled with the driving roller and the driven roller which are parallel to each other, the support is fixedly provided with an earthing direct current motor through a motor support frame, an output shaft of the earthing direct current motor is fixedly connected with the driving roller which is coaxially arranged, and the synchronous belt is sleeved on the outer side walls of the driving roller and the driven roller.
6. The intelligent integrated sucker-type plug seeding device according to claim 1, wherein the seed tray and the plug tray have the same number of evenly distributed holes, and the holes of the seed tray are smaller and shallower than the holes of the plug tray.
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| CN202011020129.0A CN112042433B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Integrative cave dish seeder of sucking disc formula intelligence |
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| CN202011020129.0A CN112042433B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Integrative cave dish seeder of sucking disc formula intelligence |
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| CN113228888A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-10 | 北华航天工业学院 | Linear efficient plug seeder |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0441422A1 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-14 | Polisette S.R.L. | Germination tray |
| JP2001028951A (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-02-06 | Fukuoka Marumoto Kk | Tray for plant cultivation |
| CN105830611A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Air suction type whole-tray and plug alignment seedling production seeding device |
| CN211457958U (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-09-11 | 中卫市耀宁农业开发有限公司 | Accurate seeder of seedling culture hole tray |
-
2020
- 2020-09-25 CN CN202011020129.0A patent/CN112042433B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0441422A1 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-14 | Polisette S.R.L. | Germination tray |
| JP2001028951A (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-02-06 | Fukuoka Marumoto Kk | Tray for plant cultivation |
| CN105830611A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Air suction type whole-tray and plug alignment seedling production seeding device |
| CN211457958U (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-09-11 | 中卫市耀宁农业开发有限公司 | Accurate seeder of seedling culture hole tray |
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