CN112035793A - Non-intrusive identification method and system for electric appliances based on discrete second-order derivative - Google Patents
Non-intrusive identification method and system for electric appliances based on discrete second-order derivative Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-intrusive identification method and a non-intrusive identification system for electric appliances based on a discrete second derivative, which comprises the steps of collecting load data, constructing a sliding detection window, calculating power range difference and judging a power step event; calculating the first-order discrete derivative of the power and the third harmonic sequence after the power step, and judging the length of the longest continuous interval of the negative values of the power and the third harmonic first-order derivative; and calculating second-order discrete derivatives of the power and third harmonic sequences, and judging the starting event of the electric appliances of the motor type by utilizing the longest continuous interval length of the positive values of the second-order derivatives. The invention can non-invasively sense the starting event of the electric appliances without detection in the home, can adjust the calculation step length of the first/second-order discrete derivative by capturing the impact power in the starting process of the electric appliances, realizes the non-invasive accurate identification of the electric appliances such as air purifiers, dust collectors and electric drills by utilizing the concave function characteristics of power and third harmonic curves, and has the advantages of simple calculation, accurate identification, easy popularization and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power consumption behavior perception, and particularly relates to a non-intrusive identification method and system for motor electrical appliances based on discrete second-order derivatives.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy and the increasing demand of electric energy, the contradiction between energy consumption and power supply is gradually increased, the intelligent power grid technology is greatly promoted to become the development direction of power grid construction, and the scientific analysis of the power utilization behaviors of users is a necessary condition for realizing intelligent power utilization and green power utilization. The power consumer plays a crucial role in smart grid demand response as a main participant in the smart grid. The method has the advantages that the power utilization data of the users are mined, the power utilization behavior rules of the users are accurately known, the power grid can be helped to know the individual requirements of the users, the user classification and individual service, the power production scheduling service, the power price making, the power utilization service guide and the related value-added service are provided, the power of the enterprise operation and management refinement and the requirement side management level is helped to be improved, the service breadth and depth are further expanded in the power grid industry, and meanwhile, data support can be provided for government municipal planning, infrastructure investment, policy making and the like.
The non-intrusive load identification is one of basic technologies for realizing household electricity consumption behavior perception of residents, a sensor is installed at a power supply inlet of a resident user, total current and terminal voltage of the resident user are collected, transient/steady-state characteristics such as active power, reactive power, harmonic waves, transient impact, V-I curves and the like in load waveform data are extracted, and a load decomposition algorithm is used for decomposing a total load waveform, so that electricity consumption and working states of each type of indoor electric appliance or each type of indoor electric appliance are obtained. According to the division of main energy consumption elements, the target devices identified by non-intrusive loads can be generally divided into several categories, such as electric heating, electric motor and rectifying. The electric appliances such as the electric machine are considerable in the total energy consumption of the family, and typically comprise a dust collector, an air purifier, a smoke exhaust ventilator, a percussion drill and the like.
Compared with other types of electric appliances, the electric appliances of the motor type have more complex operation states due to the fact that the electric appliances comprise starting, stopping and operation control of motor elements. Taking a common alternating current asynchronous motor as an example, when the motor is started, a motor rotor is in a static state, a rotating magnetic induction line generated by a stator coil cuts a rotor coil at a synchronous rotating speed, and an induced electromotive force in the rotor coil reaches the maximum, so that a large impact load current and power are generated. With the continuous acceleration of the rotor, the slip ratio of the rotor coil is gradually reduced, the speed of the stator magnetic field for cutting the rotor coil is also gradually reduced, the load current of the motor is gradually reduced from the maximum value of impact in the process, the power is reduced to the rated level, and therefore the motor enters a steady-state operation state.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the invention can realize accurate identification of the electric appliances and can be used for a non-intrusive load identification terminal device by acquiring voltage and current data at a gateway of an entrance, capturing impact power in the starting process of the electric appliances and adaptively sensing the power reduction characteristics of the electric appliances according to different rising time lengths of the rotating speed of the electric appliances.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a non-intrusive identification method for electric appliances based on a discrete second derivative comprises the following steps:
1) at a given sampling frequency fsSampling the voltage and current of the main incoming line at the entrance of the user power supply to obtain a voltage sequence UkAnd current sequence Ik；
2) Calculating a rolling time window at a power of specified length, from the voltage sequence UkAnd current sequence IkTaking out voltage and current data, calculating average active power in a power calculation rolling time window, and forming a power sequence P; calculating the current sequence I in the rolling time window of the powerkPerforming fast Fourier transform, extracting the third harmonic amplitude of current with frequency of 150Hz to form a third harmonic sequence IM；
3) Sliding detection window W with structure length NnScanning power sequence P, taking n as power sequence index corresponding to initial point of detection window, sliding detection window WnExpressed as P e [ P ∈n，Pn+N-1]Taking out the sliding detection window WnInternal power maximum PMAXn1And minimum PMINn2And recording the maximum value of power PMAXn1And minimum PMINn2Power sequence indexes n1 and n2 of corresponding maximum and minimum points;
4) calculating the sliding detection Window WnInternal power pole difference Δ Pn＝PMAXn1-PMINn2Judging whether the power range is larger than a power threshold value Ph(ii) a If Δ Pn>PhThe power sequence indexes n1, n2 which are established and the maximum and minimum points satisfy n1-n2>If both 0 are satisfied, the sliding detection window W is set to be in slidingnMarking as a power step interval, and jumping to step 5) for further judgment; otherwise, if the two are not simultaneously established, the sliding detection window W is moved horizontallynTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection;
5) taking a sequence index n of a power step interval as a starting point, and taking a power sequence P and a third harmonic sequence I as a starting pointMTaking out a power subsequence Pm and a third harmonic subsequence Im with a specified length m, and calculating the power subsequence Pm and the third harmonic with a first specified step length h1Obtaining the first-order discrete derivative of the wave subsequence Im to obtain a power first-order discrete derivative sequence P' and a third-order harmonic first-order discrete derivative sequence IM′；
6) Traversing the power first order discrete derivative sequence P' and the third harmonic first order discrete derivative sequence IM' finding the longest continuous interval with negative power first derivative value [ Pa′,Pb′]And the longest continuous interval with negative third harmonic first derivative value [ IMc′,IMd′]Wherein a and b are respectively the index of the starting point and the index of the ending point of the longest continuous interval of the negative values of the first order derivative of the power, and the longest continuous interval [ P [ ]a′,Pb′]Has a section length of Lp1C and d are respectively the index of the starting point and the index of the ending point of the longest continuous interval of the negative value of the first derivative of the third harmonic, and the longest continuous interval [ IMc′,IMd′]Has a section length of LM1(ii) a When the power and the third harmonic first derivative negative value longest continuous interval length satisfies Lp1Not less than 20 and LM1When the number is more than or equal to 20, entering the step 7) for further judgment; otherwise if Lp1<20 or LM1<20, then the sliding detection window W is translatednTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection;
7) determining a power subsequence [ P ] from the power sequence P according to the start point index and the end point indexes a and b of the longest continuous interval of the first order derivative negative values of the powera，Pb]According to the initial point index and the end point index c and d of the longest continuous interval of the first order derivative negative value of the third harmonic wave, starting from the third harmonic wave sequence IMIn determining the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]Calculating the power subsequence [ P ] with a second specified step h2a，Pb]And the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]Finding out the longest continuous interval with positive power and third harmonic second derivative values, and recording the lengths of the intervals as Lp2And LM2When the power and the maximum continuous interval length of the positive values of the second derivative of the third harmonic are both larger than or equal to the continuous threshold value LhJudging that a starting event of the electric appliance such as the motor occurs; otherwise if Lp2<LhOr LM2<LhThen sliding the detection window W in a horizontal directionnTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection.
Optionally, the sampling frequency f in step 1)sIs 3-12.8 kHz.
Optionally, the function expression for calculating the average active power within the rolling time window in step 2) is:
in the above formula, m is the number of power frequency cycles included in the rolling time window, K is the number of sampling points included in one power frequency cycle, K1Is a sequence index, U, of the first sample point within the time windowkIs the kth voltage in the voltage sequence, IkIs the kth current in the current sequence.
Optionally, the functional expression of extracting the third harmonic amplitude with frequency of 150Hz in step 2) is as follows:
FIU]＝FFT(Ik)
in the above formula, I3For extracting the third harmonic amplitude of current with extraction frequency of 150Hz, FI[j]For input sequences of current of length j, IkIs a current sequence, FFT (I)k) Is to the current sequence IkPerforming fast Fourier transform to obtain a result sequence, wherein FFT represents the fast Fourier transform, m is the number of power frequency cycles contained in a rolling time window, K is the number of sampling points contained in one power frequency cycle, fsIs the sampling frequency.
Optionally, the functional expression for calculating the first order discrete derivatives of the power sub-sequence Pm and the third harmonic sub-sequence Im at the first specified step h1 in step 5) is:
P′(i)＝[P(i+h1)-P(i-h1)]/(2*h1)
I′M(i)＝[IM(i+h1)-IM(i-h1)]/(2*h1)
in the above formula, P '(I) is the first order discrete derivative of the power subsequence Pm, P (I + h1) is the power value with index I + h1 in the power subsequence Pm, P (I-h1) is the power value with index I-h1 in the power subsequence Pm, and h1 is the first designated step size, I'M(i) Is the first discrete derivative, I, of the third harmonic subsequence ImM(I + h1) is the third harmonic value indexed I + h1 in the third harmonic subsequence Im, IM(i-h1) is the third harmonic value in the third harmonic subsequence Im indexed by i-h1, i being the power and the current index of the third harmonic subsequence.
Optionally, the designated step length h1 is 2-5.
Optionally, calculating the power subsequence [ P) in step 5) with a second specified step h2a，Pb]And the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]The functional expression of the second order discrete derivative of (a) is:
P″(i)＝[P(i+h2)+P(i-h2)-2*P(i)]/h22
I″M(i)＝[IM(i+h2)+IM(i-h2)-2*IM(i)]/h22
in the above formula, P '(I) is the second order discrete derivative of the power subsequence Pm, P (I + h2) is the power value with index I + h2 in the power subsequence Pm, P (I-h2) is the power value with index I-h2 in the power subsequence Pm, h2 is the second designated step size, I', whereM(i) Is the second discrete derivative, I, of the third harmonic subsequence ImM(I + h2) is the index of the third harmonic value I + h2 in the third harmonic subsequence Im, IM(i-h2) is the third harmonic value in the third harmonic subsequence Im indexed by i-h2, i being the power and the current index of the third harmonic subsequence.
Alternatively, when 20 ≦ L is satisfiedp1When the value is less than 200, the value range of the second designated step length h2 is 4-10; when L is satisfiedp1The value of the second designated step length h2 is in the range of 15-20 when the value is more than or equal to 200, wherein Lp1Is the longest continuous interval [ Pa′,Pb′]The interval length of (2).
In addition, the invention also provides a non-intrusive identification system for electric appliances based on the discrete second-order derivative, which comprises a computer device, wherein the computer device is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the non-intrusive identification method for electric appliances based on the discrete second-order derivative, or a computer program which is programmed or configured to execute the non-intrusive identification method for electric appliances based on the discrete second-order derivative is stored in a memory of the computer device.
In addition, the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer readable storage medium and is programmed or configured to execute the non-intrusive identification method for the electric appliance based on the discrete second-order derivative.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention provides a non-intrusive identification method for an electric machine based on a discrete second-order derivative, which can realize non-intrusive accurate identification of the electric machine by capturing impact power in the starting process of the electric machine and adjusting the calculation step length of the first/second-order discrete derivative according to different rising time lengths of the rotating speed of a motor and by utilizing the concave function characteristics of power and a third harmonic curve, and has the advantages of simple calculation, accurate identification, easy popularization and the like.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a basic flowchart of a non-intrusive identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing voltage and current curves of the vacuum cleaner collected in real time in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a power sequence diagram of the vacuum cleaner in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a third harmonic sequence chart of the vacuum cleaner in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following will use a vacuum cleaner as an example of the electric appliance to further describe the non-intrusive identification method and system of the electric appliance based on the discrete second derivative according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances based on discrete second-order derivatives in this embodiment includes:
1) at a given sampling frequency fsSampling the voltage and current of the main incoming line at the entrance of the user power supply to obtain a voltage sequence UkAnd current sequence Ik；
2) Calculating a rolling time window at a power of specified length, from the voltage sequence UkAnd current sequence IkTaking out voltage and current data, calculating average active power in a power calculation rolling time window, and forming a power sequence P; calculating the current sequence I in the rolling time window of the powerkPerforming fast Fourier transform, extracting the third harmonic amplitude of current with frequency of 150Hz to form a third harmonic sequence IM；
3) Sliding detection window W with structure length NnScanning power sequence P, taking n as power sequence index corresponding to initial point of detection window, sliding detection window WnExpressed as P e [ P ∈n，Pn+N-1]Taking out the sliding detection window WnInternal power maximum PMAXn1And minimum PMINn2And recording the maximum value of power PMAXn1And minimum PMINn2Power sequence indexes n1 and n2 of corresponding maximum and minimum points;
4) calculating the sliding detection Window WnInternal power pole difference Δ Pn＝PMAXn1-PMINn2Judging whether the power range is larger than a power threshold value Ph(ii) a If Δ Pn>PhThe power sequence indexes n1, n2 which are established and the maximum and minimum points satisfy n1-n2>If both 0 are satisfied, the sliding detection window W is set to be in slidingnMarking as a power step interval, and jumping to step 5) for further judgment; otherwise, if the two are not simultaneously established, the sliding detection window W is moved horizontallynTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection;
5) taking a sequence index n of a power step interval as a starting point, and taking a power sequence P and a third harmonic sequence I as a starting pointMTaking out a power subsequence Pm and a third harmonic subsequence Im with a specified length m, and respectively taking out the power subsequence Pm and the third harmonic subsequence ImCalculating the first-order discrete derivatives of the power subsequence Pm and the third-order harmonic subsequence Im by a specified step length h1 to obtain a power first-order discrete derivative sequence P' and a third-order harmonic first-order discrete derivative sequence IM′；
6) Traversing the power first order discrete derivative sequence P' and the third harmonic first order discrete derivative sequence IM' finding the longest continuous interval with negative power first derivative value [ Pa′,Pb′]And the longest continuous interval with negative third harmonic first derivative value [ IMc′,IMd′]Wherein a and b are respectively the index of the starting point and the index of the ending point of the longest continuous interval of the negative values of the first order derivative of the power, and the longest continuous interval [ P [ ]a′,Pb′]Has a section length of Lp1C and d are respectively the index of the starting point and the index of the ending point of the longest continuous interval of the negative value of the first derivative of the third harmonic, and the longest continuous interval [ IMc′,IMd′]Has a section length of LM1(ii) a When the power and the third harmonic first derivative negative value longest continuous interval length satisfies Lp1Not less than 20 and LM1When the number is more than or equal to 20, entering the step 7) for further judgment; otherwise if Lp1<20 or LM1<20, then the sliding detection window W is translatednTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection;
7) determining a power subsequence [ P ] from the power sequence P according to the start point index and the end point indexes a and b of the longest continuous interval of the first order derivative negative values of the powera，Pb]According to the initial point index and the end point index c and d of the longest continuous interval of the first order derivative negative value of the third harmonic wave, starting from the third harmonic wave sequence IMIn determining the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]Calculating the power subsequence [ P ] with a second specified step h2a，Pb]And the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]Finding out the longest continuous interval with positive power and third harmonic second derivative values, and recording the lengths of the intervals as Lp2And LM2When the power and the maximum continuous interval length of the positive values of the second derivative of the third harmonic are both larger than or equal to the continuous threshold value LhWhen the electric appliance is judged to have the starting event of the electric appliance(ii) a Otherwise if Lp2<LhOr LM2<LhThen sliding the detection window W in a horizontal directionnTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection.
In this embodiment, the sampling frequency f in step 1)sIs 3-12.8 kHz. As an alternative implementation, in the present embodiment, at the user power inlet, the sampling frequency f is 5000HzsSampling the voltage and current of the main incoming line to obtain a voltage sequence UkAnd current sequence Ik(ii) a The voltage and current curve diagram of the vacuum cleaner collected in real time in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, the function expression for calculating the average active power in the rolling time window in step 2) is:
in the above formula, m is the number of power frequency cycles included in the rolling time window, K is the number of sampling points included in one power frequency cycle, K1Is a sequence index, U, of the first sample point within the time windowkIs the kth voltage in the voltage sequence, IkIs the kth current in the current sequence. In a preferred embodiment, m is 5.
In this embodiment, the functional expression for extracting the third harmonic amplitude with frequency of 150Hz in step 2) is as follows:
FI[j]＝FFT(Ik)
in the above formula, I3For extracting the third harmonic amplitude of current with extraction frequency of 150Hz, FI[j]The length of the sequence to be input is j (j 150 mK/f)s) A sequence of Fourier transform results obtained from the current sequence of (1)kIs a current sequence, FFT (I)k) Is to the current sequence IkObtained by performing fast Fourier transformThe resulting sequence, FFT, represents the fast Fourier transform, m is the number of power frequency cycles contained within the rolling time window, K is the number of sample points contained within one power frequency cycle, fsIs the sampling frequency.
As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, in step 2), a time window is calculated with a power of 5 power frequency cycle lengths (i.e., a duration of 0.1 second), and the voltage sequence U obtained in step 1) is obtainedkAnd current sequence IkTaking out voltage and current data of the dust collector, calculating average active power in a power calculation time window to form a power sequence P, as shown in FIG. 3; for the current sequence I in the power calculation time windowkPerforming fast Fourier transform, extracting the third harmonic amplitude of current with frequency of 150Hz to form a third harmonic sequence IMAs shown in fig. 4.
Step 3) constructing a sliding detection window W with the length NnThe length N of the sliding detection window is taken to be 2-5 when scanning the power sequence P. As an alternative implementation manner, in step 3), the sliding detection window W with a length of 5 power points is constructed in the embodimentnScanning step the power sequence P of the vacuum cleaner shown in fig. 3, where n is the power sequence index corresponding to the start point of the detection window, and when the start point n of the detection window is 220, the power sequence in the sliding detection window is [3.72, 2.03, 2.25, 3.04, 2297.99 ]]Taking out the maximum value and the minimum value of the power in the detection window as PMAX respectivelyn1＝2297.99、PMINn2The power sequence indexes of the maximum value point and the minimum value point are n 1-224 and n 2-221, respectively.
Step 4) Power threshold PhThe minimum value of the load power of the electric appliance to be identified can be set according to the requirement, for example, the minimum value of the load power of the dust collector in the embodiment is 200W, so the power threshold PhSet to 200W.
As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, the sliding detection window W is calculated in step 4)nInternal power pole difference Δ Pn＝PMAXn1-PMINn2Power threshold P is selected when 2297.99-2.03 is 2295.96h200W, due to power pole difference Δ Pn>PhIs established, so the detection window W is detectednMarking as workRate step interval.
In this embodiment, the functional expression of the first-order discrete derivatives of the power subsequence Pm and the third-order harmonic subsequence Im calculated at the first specified step h1 in step 5) is:
P′(i)＝[P(i+h1)-P(i-h1)]/(2*h1)
I′M(i)＝[IM(i+h1)-IM(i-h1)]/(2*h1)
in the above formula, P '(I) is the first order discrete derivative of the power subsequence Pm, P (I + h1) is the power value with index I + h1 in the power subsequence Pm, P (I-h1) is the power value with index I-h1 in the power subsequence Pm, and h1 is the first designated step size, I'M(i) Is the first discrete derivative, I, of the third harmonic subsequence ImM(I + h1) is the third harmonic value indexed I + h1 in the third harmonic subsequence Im, IM(i-h1) is the third harmonic value in the third harmonic subsequence Im indexed by i-h1, i being the power and the current index of the third harmonic subsequence.
Generally, the designated step h1 can be 2-5.
In this embodiment, the power subsequence [ P ] is calculated in step 5) with a second specified step h2a，Pb]And the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]The functional expression of the second order discrete derivative of (a) is:
P″(i)＝[P(i+h2)+P(i-h2)-2*P(i)]/h22
I″M(i)＝[IM(i+h2)+IM(i-h2)-2*IM(i)]/h22
in the above formula, P '(I) is the second order discrete derivative of the power subsequence Pm, P (I + h2) is the power value with index I + h2 in the power subsequence Pm, P (I-h2) is the power value with index I-h2 in the power subsequence Pm, h2 is the second designated step size, I', whereM(i) Is the second discrete derivative, I, of the third harmonic subsequence ImM(I + h2) is the index of the third harmonic value I + h2 in the third harmonic subsequence Im, IM(i-h2) is the third harmonic value in the third harmonic subsequence Im indexed by i-h2, i being the power and the current index of the third harmonic subsequence.
The value of the second specified step h2 and the first derivative of the powerLength L of longest continuous interval of negative valuep1Is in positive correlation. In the embodiment, when L is more than or equal to 20p1When the value is less than 200, the value range of the second designated step length h2 is 4-10; when L is satisfiedp1The value of the second designated step length h2 is in the range of 15-20 when the value is more than or equal to 200, wherein Lp1Is the longest continuous interval [ Pa′，Pb′]The interval length of (2).
As an optional implementation manner, in step 5) of this embodiment, the power step interval sequence index n is used as a starting point, and the power sequence P and the third harmonic sequence I are obtained from step (2)MIn (1), a power subsequence P of length 300 is extracted300∈[Pn，Pn+299]And third harmonic subsequence IM300∈[IMn，IMn+299]. Calculating power subsequence P for 5 step h1300And third harmonic subsequence IM300To obtain a power first order discrete derivative sequence P' and a third harmonic first order discrete derivative sequence IM′。
As an alternative implementation manner, in this embodiment, the sequences P' and I are traversed in step 6)M' finding the longest continuous interval with negative power first derivative value as [ P230′，P277′]The index of the start point and the index of the end point of the longest continuous interval of the negative values of the first order derivative of power are 230 and 277 respectively, and the interval length Lp148. Finding the longest continuous interval with negative third harmonic first derivative value as [ IM230′，IM262′]The index of the starting point and the index of the ending point of the longest continuous interval of the negative value of the first order derivative of the third harmonic are 230 and 262 respectively, and the interval length LM133. Because the longest continuous interval length of negative values of the first order derivatives of the power and the third harmonic satisfies Lp1Not less than 20 and LM1And (4) if the number is more than or equal to 20, entering the step 7) for further judgment.
As an alternative implementation manner, in step 7) of this embodiment, the length of the longest continuous interval of negative values of the first-order power derivative in step 20) is 20 ≦ Lp1< 200, so the second order discrete derivative calculation step h2 is taken to be 8, and the power subsequence [ P ] is calculated230，P277]And the third harmonic subsequence [ IM230，IM262]Second order of separation ofFinding the longest continuous interval with positive power and third harmonic second derivative value, and its length is Lp217 and LM216. Continuous threshold L for positive values of the second derivativehMay be 10-15, in this embodiment, the second derivative positive value is taken as the continuous threshold value Lh15, since the maximum continuous interval length of the positive values of the second derivative of the power and the third harmonic is greater than or equal to the continuous threshold LhI.e. Lp2Not less than 15 and LM2And (4) being more than or equal to 15, judging that the starting event of the electric appliance occurs.
In summary, the non-intrusive identification method for the electrical appliances based on the discrete second-order derivative of the embodiment performs high-frequency acquisition and preprocessing on load data; constructing a sliding detection window to calculate power range and judging a power step event; calculating the first-order discrete derivative of the power and the third harmonic sequence after the power step, and judging the length of the longest continuous interval of the negative values of the power and the third harmonic first-order derivative; calculating second-order discrete derivatives of the power and third harmonic sequences, and judging a starting event of the electric appliances of the motor type by using the longest continuous interval length of positive values of the second-order derivatives; and circulating the steps until the detection is terminated. In the non-intrusive identification method for the electric appliances, based on the discrete second-order derivative, the impact power in the starting process of the electric appliances can be captured, the calculation step length of the first-order/second-order discrete derivative can be adjusted according to different rising time lengths of the rotating speed of the motor, and the non-intrusive accurate identification of the electric appliances such as an air purifier, a dust collector, an electric drill and the like is realized by utilizing the concave function characteristics of power and a third harmonic curve. The embodiment can non-invasively sense the starting event of the electric appliances without detection of entering the home, has the advantages of simple calculation, accurate identification, easy popularization and the like, and is suitable for non-intrusive load identification terminal devices.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a discrete second-order derivative based non-intrusive identification system for electrical appliances, including a computer device, where the computer device is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the aforementioned discrete second-order derivative based non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances, or a memory of the computer device stores a computer program that is programmed or configured to execute the aforementioned discrete second-order derivative based non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a computer readable storage medium, in which a computer program programmed or configured to execute the aforementioned discrete second derivative-based non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances is stored.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The present application is directed to methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application wherein instructions, which execute via a flowchart and/or a processor of the computer program product, create means for implementing functions specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A non-intrusive identification method for electric appliances based on a discrete second derivative is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) at a given sampling frequency fsSampling the voltage and current of the main incoming line at the entrance of the user power supply to obtain a voltage sequence UkAnd current sequence Ik；
2) Calculating a rolling time window at a power of specified length, from the voltage sequence UkAnd current sequence IkTaking out voltage and current data, calculating average active power in a power calculation rolling time window, and forming a power sequence P; calculating the current sequence I in the rolling time window of the powerkPerforming fast Fourier transform, extracting the third harmonic amplitude of current with frequency of 150Hz to form a third harmonic sequence IM；
3) Sliding detection window W with structure length NnScanning power sequence P, taking n as power sequence index corresponding to initial point of detection window, sliding detection window WnExpressed as P e [ P ∈n，Pn+N-1]Taking out the sliding detection window WnInternal power maximum PMAXn1And minimum PMINn2And recording the maximum value of power PMAXn1And minimum PMINn2Power sequence indexes n1 and n2 of corresponding maximum and minimum points;
4) calculating the sliding detection Window WnInternal power pole difference Δ Pn＝PMAXn1-PMINn2Judging whether the power range is larger than a power threshold value Ph(ii) a If Δ Pn>PhThe power sequence indexes n1, n2 which are established and the maximum and minimum points satisfy n1-n2>If both 0 are satisfied, the sliding detection window W is set to be in slidingnMarking as a power step interval, and jumping to step 5) for further judgment; otherwise, if the two are not simultaneously established, the sliding detection window W is moved horizontallynTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection;
5) taking a sequence index n of a power step interval as a starting point, and taking a power sequence P and a third harmonic sequence I as a starting pointMTaking out a power subsequence Pm and a third harmonic subsequence Im with a specified length m, calculating first-order discrete derivatives of the power subsequence Pm and the third harmonic subsequence Im according to a first specified step length h1 to obtain a power first-order discrete derivative sequence P' and a third-order harmonic first-order discrete derivative sequence IM′；
6) Traversing the power first order discrete derivative sequence P' and the third harmonic first order discrete derivative sequence IM' finding the longest continuous interval with negative power first derivative value [ Pa′,Pb′]And the longest continuous interval with negative third harmonic first derivative value [ IMc′,IMd′]Wherein a and b are respectively the index of the starting point and the index of the ending point of the longest continuous interval of the negative values of the first order derivative of the power, and the longest continuous interval [ P [ ]a′,Pb′]Has a section length of Lp1C and d are respectively the index of the starting point and the index of the ending point of the longest continuous interval of the negative value of the first derivative of the third harmonic, and the longest continuous interval [ IMc′,IMd′]Has a section length of LM1(ii) a When the power and the third harmonic first derivative negative value longest continuous interval length satisfies Lp1Not less than 20 and LM1When the number is more than or equal to 20, entering the step 7) for further judgment; otherwise if Lp1<20 or LM1<20, then the sliding detection window W is translatednTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection;
7) determining a power subsequence [ P ] from the power sequence P according to the start point index and the end point indexes a and b of the longest continuous interval of the first order derivative negative values of the powera，Pb]According to the initial point index and the end point index c and d of the longest continuous interval of the first order derivative negative value of the third harmonic wave, starting from the third harmonic wave sequence IMIn determining the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]Calculating the power subsequence [ P ] with a second specified step h2a，Pb]And the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]Finding out the second derivative value of power and third harmonicThe length of the interval is L for the positive longest continuous intervalp2And LM2When the power and the maximum continuous interval length of the positive values of the second derivative of the third harmonic are both larger than or equal to the continuous threshold value LhJudging that a starting event of the electric appliance such as the motor occurs; otherwise if Lp2<LhOr LM2<LhThen sliding the detection window W in a horizontal directionnTo a new sliding detection window Wn+1Returning to the step 3) to continue detection.
2. The discrete second derivative-based non-intrusive identification method for electric motor type appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that the sampling frequency f in the step 1) issIs 3-12.8 kHz.
3. The discrete second derivative-based non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances according to claim 1, wherein the function expression for calculating the average active power within the rolling time window in step 2) is as follows:
in the above formula, m is the number of power frequency cycles included in the rolling time window, K is the number of sampling points included in one power frequency cycle, K1Is a sequence index, U, of the first sample point within the time windowkIs the kth voltage in the voltage sequence, IkIs the kth current in the current sequence.
4. The non-intrusive identification method for the electrical appliances based on the discrete second derivative as recited in claim 1, wherein the function expression for extracting the harmonic amplitude of the third current with the frequency of 150Hz in the step 2) is as follows:
FI[j]＝FFT(Ik)
in the above formula, I3For extracting the third harmonic amplitude of current with extraction frequency of 150Hz, FI[j]For input sequences of current of length j, IkIs a current sequence, FFT (I)k) Is to the current sequence IkPerforming fast Fourier transform to obtain a result sequence, wherein FFT represents the fast Fourier transform, m is the number of power frequency cycles contained in a rolling time window, K is the number of sampling points contained in one power frequency cycle, fsIs the sampling frequency.
5. The non-intrusive identification method for the electrical appliances based on the discrete second-order derivative as claimed in claim 1, wherein the functional expression of the first-order discrete derivatives of the power subsequence Pm and the third-order harmonic subsequence Im in step 5) with the first specified step length h1 is as follows:
P′(i)＝[P(i+h1)-P(i-h1)]/(2*h1)
I′M(i)＝[IM(i+h1)-IM(i-h1)]/(2*h1)
in the above formula, P '(I) is the first order discrete derivative of the power subsequence Pm, P (I + h1) is the power value with index I + h1 in the power subsequence Pm, P (I-h1) is the power value with index I-h1 in the power subsequence Pm, and h1 is the first designated step size, I'M(i) Is the first discrete derivative, I, of the third harmonic subsequence ImM(I + h1) is the third harmonic value indexed I + h1 in the third harmonic subsequence Im, IM(i-h1) is the third harmonic value in the third harmonic subsequence Im indexed by i-h1, i being the power and the current index of the third harmonic subsequence.
6. The discrete second derivative-based non-intrusive identification method for electric appliances according to claim 1, wherein the designated step length h1 is 2-5.
7. The discrete second derivative-based non-intrusive identification method for electric motor-type appliances according to claim 1, wherein in step 5), the power factor is calculated by a second specified step h2Sequence [ Pa，Pb]And the third harmonic subsequence [ IMc，IMd]The functional expression of the second order discrete derivative of (a) is:
P″(i)＝[P(i+h2)+P(i-h2)-2*P(i)]/h22
I″M(i)＝[IM(i+h2)+IM(i-h2)-2*IM(i)]/h22
in the above formula, P '(I) is the second order discrete derivative of the power subsequence Pm, P (I + h2) is the power value with index I + h2 in the power subsequence Pm, P (I-h2) is the power value with index I-h2 in the power subsequence Pm, h2 is the second designated step size, I', whereM(i) Is the second discrete derivative, I, of the third harmonic subsequence ImM(I + h2) is the index of the third harmonic value I + h2 in the third harmonic subsequence Im, IM(i-h2) is the third harmonic value in the third harmonic subsequence Im indexed by i-h2, i being the power and the current index of the third harmonic subsequence.
8. The discrete second derivative-based non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances according to claim 1, wherein L is greater than or equal to 20p1When the value is less than 200, the value range of the second designated step length h2 is 4-10; when L is satisfiedp1The value of the second designated step length h2 is in the range of 15-20 when the value is more than or equal to 200, wherein Lp1Is the longest continuous interval [ Pa′,Pb′]The interval length of (2).
9. A non-intrusive identification system for electrical appliances based on discrete second-order derivatives, comprising a computer device, wherein the computer device is programmed or configured to perform the steps of the non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances based on discrete second-order derivatives as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, or a computer program programmed or configured to perform the non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances based on discrete second-order derivatives as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is stored in a memory of the computer device.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and is programmed or configured to execute the discrete second derivative-based non-intrusive identification method for electrical appliances according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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