CN103116098B - Household appliance operating state identification method based on cross correlation coefficient - Google Patents

Household appliance operating state identification method based on cross correlation coefficient Download PDF

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CN103116098B
CN103116098B CN201310028924.8A CN201310028924A CN103116098B CN 103116098 B CN103116098 B CN 103116098B CN 201310028924 A CN201310028924 A CN 201310028924A CN 103116098 B CN103116098 B CN 103116098B
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electrical appliance
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CN103116098A (en
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王晓静
曾礼强
雍静
杨本强
杨岳
李北海
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a household appliance operating state identification method based on a cross correlation coefficient. The identification method includes acquiring momentary currents or momentary power signals by the aid of intelligent electric meters installed at the entrance of a house to detect signal variation; based on periodicity as a unit, when signal variation exceeds a curtained threshold in a moment K, extracting signal waveforms of total seven periodicities of K-5, K-3, K, K+2, K+4, k+6 and K+8, and calculating waveform similarity between every two periodic signals in a time sequence; judging whether to start or stop the household appliances indoors by judging differences of six waveform similarity values and according to differentials of steady-state signals before and after K. The algorithm is simple and the judgment is accurate.

Description

A kind of household electrical appliance running rate recognizing method based on cross-correlation coefficient
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of household electrical appliance running rate recognizing method, particularly a kind of recognition methods based on cross-correlation coefficient.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of global resources environmental pressure, building more safe, reliable, environmentally friendly, economic intelligent grid becomes the common objective of global power industry.In generating, transmission of electricity, distribution, this chain of electricity consumption, a little less than electrical network and terminal user's interactive relative thin, affected overall performance and the efficiency of electric system at present.Increasing researchers also recognize that intelligent electric meter is the basis of intelligent grid, has become the focus of research in recent years.
Want to realize veritably intelligent grid and user's interaction, make user participate in veritably in electricity market, for operation and the asset management of system brings enormous benefits, should provide detailed consumer power consumption parameter for intelligent grid, make user more clearly understand the average energy consumption of every kind of consumer, determine the undesired energy consumption of consumer, make user feel to benefit from intelligent electric meter.
George .W. professor Hart of the Objective Concept Massachusetts Institute Technology of non-intrusion type load monitoring (Non-intrusive Load Monitoring, NILM) was brought in the electricity consumption condition monitoring of residential customer household electrical appliance first in nineteen eighty-two.The method only need be installed monitoring equipment on house lead in main line, sampling user total voltage current signal, and recycling load identification algorithm extracts the power information of single household electrical appliance.
In recent years, Many researchers are studied for NILM, mainly concentrate on signal analysis and two aspects of load identification.Wherein, load characteristic signal mainly comprises the harmonic wave of signal (instantaneous power or momentary current), transient-wave, and energy consumption mode, and the ratio of constant power load model and constant-impedance load etc.; Load identification algorithm mainly concentrates on artificial neural network.More typical correlative study has:
1) research group of the Steven of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Leeb proposes the discrimination method based on load switching transient state process information.The method can be according to starting the different load of transient current identification, and the method is estimated the information such as meritorious, idle and harmonic power of load by design simulation spectral envelope line analyzer, and develop the algorithm of transient state detection and load classification.
2) based on Kalman filtering algorithm, extract load current envelope in load switching transient state process.
3) first the characteristic parameter of household electrical appliance is carried out the analysis and research of both macro and micro aspect, extract the more characteristic parameters of the household electrical appliance such as current waveform, meritorious, idle, harmonic content, instantaneous admittance.And propose that household electrical appliance start and stop state event detects and load decomposition identification algorithm.
In sum, about NILM research tendency, be to gather after momentary signal at present, utilize discrimination method by many signal decomposition, thus the running status of judgement electrical equipment.But the identification algorithm theoretical principle that these researchs adopt is all comparatively complicated, and operand is larger.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide the household electrical appliance running rate recognizing method based on mutual relationship number that a kind of identification algorithm is simple, operand is little, and it can effectively judge input or the excision of household electrical appliance for the little feature of household electrical appliance quantity.
The object of the invention is to realize by such technical scheme, it comprises the following steps:
1) read momentary current or instantaneous power signal;
2) signal reading according to step 1), the positive and negative envelope of generation signal;
3) monitoring step 2) the positive and negative envelope that generates, and judge whether signal has significant change, and if there is marked change, proceed to step 4), if there is not marked change, continue monitoring;
4) extract and occur the marked change time point k front and back signal waveform in totally 7 cycles;
5) calculation procedure 4) in the wave-form similarity S of 7 periodic signals t;
6) determining step 5) in 6 wave-form similarity S calculating twhether difference is remarkable, if significant difference proceeds to step 7), if difference does not significantly proceed to step 1);
7) judge whether the current amplitude of signal steady-state process is poor remarkable before and after k constantly, if significantly explanation has new household electrical appliance to drop into or excision, if significantly do not illustrate by outside noise signal and cause.
The generation method of positive and negative envelope further, step 2) is:
Take out the maximum of points F(k of momentary current i (t) or instantaneous power p (t) each cycle) and F1(k) form positive and negative envelope, wherein F(k) be positive envelope, F1(k) for bearing envelope.
Further, in step 3), judge signal whether the method for marked change be:
The variation of monitoring envelope, calculates F(k)-F(k-1) and F1(k)-F1(k-1);
The condition of signal generation marked change is:
F(k)-F(k-1) > I 0or P 0, or F1(k)-F1(k-1) <-I 0or-P 0;
F(k)-F(k-1) <-I 0or-P 0, or F1(k)-F1(k-1) > I 0or P 0;
Wherein, I 0for the active power value of the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse, P 0steady-state current amplitude for the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse.
Further, in step 4), extract and occur that before and after marked change time point k, totally 7 cycles are respectively: k, k-3, k-5, k+2, k+4, k+6 and k+8.
Further, wave-form similarity described in step 5) s t computing method be:
According to time sequencing, calculate the wave-form similarity in every adjacent two cycles in 7 cycles
Wherein, awith brepresentative is the signal waveform in continuous 2 cycles in time;
Wherein, iwith jrepresent sampled point, nrepresent the total sampling number of each cycle, with represent the mean value of the amplitude of n sampled point, that is:
。
Further, in step 6), judge wave-form similarity s t the whether significant method of difference is:
If s r =( s tmax ? s tmin )/ s tmax
If s r < x 1, judge significant difference; If s r > x 1, judge that difference is not remarkable, x 1for preset value.
Further, in step 7), judge before and after k is constantly poor whether significant method is the current amplitude of signal steady-state process:
Get k front and back steady-state signal constantly, electric current I or power P, calculate their difference in magnitude, if I (k+)-I (k-) > is I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) > P 0, or I (k+)-I (k-) <-I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) <-P 0, be determined with new household electrical appliance and drop into or excise; If I (k+)-I (k-) < is I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) < P 0, or I (k+)-I (k-) >-I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) >-P 0, show that k is constantly for outside noise signal causes;
Wherein, k+ represents the stable state after moment k, and k-represents the stable state before moment k, I 0for the active power value of the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse, P 0steady-state current amplitude for the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention has advantages of as follows:
The intelligent electric meter that utilization of the present invention is arranged on family's house lead in place obtains momentary current or instantaneous power signal, change in detection signal amount, when the variable quantity of this signal is carved k at a time, take periodicity as unit, surpass certain threshold value, extract k 5, k 3, k, k+2, k+4, k+6, k+8 is the signal waveform in totally 7 cycles, and calculate the wave-form similarity of periodic signal between two according to time sequencing, by judging the difference of these 6 wave-form similarity numerical value, and by the difference of steady-state signal before and after k, judge that indoor whether household electrical appliance start or stop, algorithm is simple, accuracy of judgement.
Other advantages of the present invention, target and feature will be set forth to a certain extent in the following description, and to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating below, or can be instructed from the practice of the present invention.Target of the present invention and other advantages can be realized and be obtained by instructions and claims below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing of the present invention is described as follows.
Fig. 1 is algorithm flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the oscillogram of embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Correct time point as shown in table 1,1. numbering changes to the use-pattern that has 10. recorded household electrical appliance within a period of time.
The details of use that table 1 household electrical appliance drop into and excise
Numbering Time (second) Periodicity Household electrical appliance event
① 12 46th Notebook computer Open
② 45 20th Without (change of notebook running status)
③ 94 6th Electricity-saving lamp Open
④ 118 15th Without (change of notebook running status)
⑤ 153 35th Without (change of notebook running status)
⑥ 188 39th Without (change of notebook running status)
⑦ 192 1st Notebook computer Close
⑧ 225 48th Electricity-saving lamp Close
⑨ 280 43rd Electricity-saving lamp Open
⑩ 294 29th Electricity-saving lamp Close
According to algorithm of the present invention, calculate the electric current similarity result of calculation of experiment current waveform and the part curent change significant point thereof of 5 minutes, and represent by oscillogram, as shown in Figure 2.
When having household electrical appliance switching event to occur, 6 electric current similarity numerical value change are obvious.For example be numbered the moment 1., it is 0.45A that this moment current envelope curve changes F (k) F (k 1), wave-form similarity s t calculated value is followed successively by 0.790,0.467, and 0.280,0.739,0.959 and 0.990.For analyzing the significance degree of electric current similarity difference, use ratio s r =( s tmax ? s tmin )/ s tmax analyze, wherein s tmax with s tmin this is respectively maximal value and the minimum value of six numerical value.For 1. constantly, this ratio is (0.990-0.280)/0.990=72%.3., 7., 8., 9. and 10. this ratio in the moment is respectively 30%, 39%, 56%, 86% and 51%.
And when not having household electrical appliance switching event to occur, 6 electric current similarity numerical value change are so unobvious.For example, the moment, F (k) F (k 1) was 6. 1.08A, wave-form similarity s t be 0.964,0.837,0.823,0.999,0.998 and 0.999, ratio s r =( s tmax ? s tmin )/ s tmax =17.6%.2., 4. and 5. this ratio in the moment is much smaller, is respectively 1%, 1.6% and 1%.Fact proved, be 2., 4., 5. and 6. the different conditions of notebook computer, is constantly 6. that notebook computer starts to carry out " shutdown " order, so its s r =( s tmax ? s tmin )/ s tmax =17.6% ratio is bigger.However, be still less than household electrical appliance switching event this ratio constantly occurs.
So work as wave-form similarity s r < x 1time, enter next link and continue to determine whether the drop into/excision of new household electrical appliance; When s r > x 1time, x 1for preset value, judge without the drop into/excision of new household electrical appliance.
s r < x 1time, get k front and back steady-state current signal constantly, calculate their difference in magnitude, if I (k+)-I (k-) >0.15A or 25W, or I (k+)-I (k-) <-0.15A or-25W, explanation continues to determine whether the drop into/excision of new household electrical appliance; If I (k+)-I (k-) <0.15A or 25W, or I (k+)-I (k-) >-0.15A or-25W, show that k is constantly for outside noise signal causes.Wherein, k+ represents the stable state after moment k, and k-represents the stable state before moment k.
The intelligent electric meter that utilization of the present invention is arranged on family's house lead in place obtains momentary current or instantaneous power signal, change in detection signal amount, when the variable quantity of this signal is carved k at a time, take periodicity as unit, surpass certain threshold value, extract k 5, k 3, k, k+2, k+4, k+6, k+8 is the signal waveform in totally 7 cycles, and calculate the wave-form similarity of periodic signal between two according to time sequencing, by judging the difference of these 6 wave-form similarity numerical value, and by the difference of steady-state signal before and after k, judge that indoor whether household electrical appliance start or stop, algorithm is simple, accuracy of judgement.
Finally explanation is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from aim and the scope of the technical program, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the household electrical appliance running rate recognizing method based on cross-correlation coefficient, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
1) read momentary current or instantaneous power signal;
2) according to step 1) signal that reads, generate the positive and negative envelope of signal;
3) monitoring step 2) the positive and negative envelope that generates, and judge whether signal has significant change, and if there is marked change, proceed to step 4), if there is not marked change, continue monitoring;
4) extract and occur the marked change time point k front and back signal waveform in totally 7 cycles;
5) calculation procedure 4) in the wave-form similarity S of 7 periodic signals t;
6) determining step 5) in 6 wave-form similarity S calculating twhether difference is remarkable, if significant difference proceeds to step 7), if difference does not significantly proceed to step 1);
7) judge whether the current amplitude of signal steady-state process is poor remarkable before and after k constantly, if significantly explanation has new household electrical appliance to drop into or excision, if significantly do not illustrate by outside noise signal and cause;
The generation method of positive and negative envelope step 2) is:
The maximum of points F (k) and the F1 (k) that take out momentary current i (t) or instantaneous power p (t) each cycle form positive and negative envelope, and wherein F (k) is positive envelope, and F1 (k) is negative envelope;
Step 3) judge in signal whether the method for marked change be:
The variation of monitoring envelope, calculates F (k)-F (k-1) and F1 (k)-F1 (k-1);
The condition of signal generation marked change is:
F (k)-F (k-1) > I 0or P 0, or F1 (k)-F1 (k-1) <-I 0or-P 0;
F (k)-F (k-1) <-I 0or-P 0, or F1 (k)-F1 (k-1) > I 0or P 0;
Wherein, I 0for the active power value of the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse, P 0steady-state current amplitude for the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse;
Step 5) described wave-form similarity S tcomputing method be:
According to time sequencing, calculate the wave-form similarity in every adjacent two cycles in 7 cycles
S t = I a I b I a &times; I b
Wherein, a and b represent the signal waveform in continuous 2 cycles in time;
I a I b = &Sigma; i , j = 1 n ( I ai - I a &OverBar; ) ( I bj - I b &OverBar; )
I a = &Sigma; i = 1 n ( I ai - I a &OverBar; ) 2
I b = &Sigma; j = 1 n ( I bj - I b &OverBar; ) 2
Wherein, i and j represent sampled point, and n represents the total sampling number of each cycle, with represent the mean value of the amplitude of n sampled point, that is:
I a &OverBar; = 1 n &Sigma; i = 1 n I ai
I b &OverBar; = 1 n &Sigma; j = 1 n I bj ;
Step 6) judgement wave-form similarity S in tthe whether significant method of difference is:
If S r=(S tmax-S tmin)/S tmax
If S r< x 1, judge significant difference; If S r> x 1, judge that difference is not remarkable, x 1for preset value, S wherein tmaxthe maximal value that represents 6 electric current similarity numerical value, S tminrepresent 6 electric current similarity numerical value minimum value, S rrepresent ratio;
Step 7) in, judge that before and after k is constantly, whether significantly the poor method of the current amplitude of signal steady-state process is:
Get k front and back steady-state signal constantly, electric current I or power P, calculate their difference in magnitude, if I (k+)-I (k-) is >I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) >P 0, or I (k+)-I (k-) <-I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) <-P 0, be determined with new household electrical appliance and drop into or excise; If I (k+)-I (k-) is <I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) <P 0, or I (k+)-I (k-) >-I 0or P (k+)-P (k-) >-P 0, show that k is constantly for outside noise signal causes;
Wherein, k+ represents the stable state after moment k, and k-represents the stable state before moment k, I 0for the active power value of the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse, P 0steady-state current amplitude for the consumer of the active power numerical value minimum without starting impulse.
2. a kind of household electrical appliance running rate recognizing method based on cross-correlation coefficient as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step 4) in extract and to occur that before and after marked change time point k, totally 7 cycles are respectively: k, k-3, k-5, k+2, k+4, k+6 and k+8.
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