CN112033873A - Volume-measuring type full-runoff sediment automatic monitoring device - Google Patents
Volume-measuring type full-runoff sediment automatic monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112033873A CN112033873A CN202011004692.9A CN202011004692A CN112033873A CN 112033873 A CN112033873 A CN 112033873A CN 202011004692 A CN202011004692 A CN 202011004692A CN 112033873 A CN112033873 A CN 112033873A
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F11/00—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it
- G01F11/28—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with stationary measuring chambers having constant volume during measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F19/00—Calibrated capacity measures for fluids or fluent solid material, e.g. measuring cups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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Abstract
A capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-runoff sediment comprises a frame, a water inlet pipe, an energy dissipation pipe, a tipping device, a diversion funnel and a measuring box; the water inlet pipe is arranged above the frame, the energy dissipation pipe is arranged at the top end in the frame, the water inlet pipe is connected with the energy dissipation pipe, the energy dissipation pipe is in a dumbbell shape, the upper end of the energy dissipation pipe is thick and is a horn-shaped water inlet connected with the water inlet pipe, the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe is thin and is a spiral energy dissipation pipe, the inner wall of the pipe of the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe is provided with spiral convex ribs, the lower end; the tipping bucket device is arranged below the energy dissipation pipe in the frame and comprises two tipping buckets which are symmetrically connected, an opening of one tipping bucket in the tipping bucket device is always aligned with the expansion water outlet of the energy dissipation pipe, and an opening of the other tipping bucket is in a dumping state; in the frame, two sides of the tipping device are respectively provided with a diversion funnel for receiving silt dumped by the tipping bucket; the lower end of the diversion funnel is connected with a measuring box; the bottom end of the measuring box is provided with an electronic valve, and the upper end of the measuring box is provided with a water level meter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a device for monitoring runoff and sediment in water and soil loss, and particularly relates to a capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for runoff and sediment in full volume.
Background
The water and soil conservation monitoring is the basis for mastering the current situation of water and soil conservation, evaluating the water and soil conservation benefit, developing water and soil loss prediction and forecast and the like. The most common water and soil conservation monitoring facilities in runoff plot. At present, most of water and soil conservation monitoring points in China still adopt manual observation for monitoring runoff communities, a flow collecting pool is built at the bottom of the runoff community, the water level of the flow collecting pool is observed after rainfall is finished, and the sediment content is obtained through manual stirring, sampling, drying, weighing and other processes, so that the labor intensity is high, the data accuracy is low, and no loss process data exists.
At present, the runoff sediment automatic monitoring method based on the weighing type principle is widely accepted, most of the monitoring devices in the market adopt sampling type measurement (201821943524.4), a container is arranged in the device, and the runoff flow and the sediment content are calculated by measuring the total volume and the mass of the runoff sediment in the container. During measurement and drainage, the equipment stops sampling, and the runoff flow and the sediment content in the time period can be estimated only through the actual measurement values of the front time period and the rear time period; the measurement accuracy of this type of device is difficult to guarantee because the runoff and the sediment content do not vary uniformly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a capacity-measuring type full-volume runoff sediment automatic monitoring device, which realizes equal-quality continuous sampling of runoff sediment through a tipping device, then measures the sediment volume of each part of runoff by utilizing measuring boxes corresponding to two tipping buckets, and calculates the runoff flow and the sediment content through the quality and the volume.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-runoff sediment comprises a frame, a water inlet pipe, an energy dissipation pipe, a tipping device, a diversion funnel and a measuring box;
the water inlet pipe is arranged above the frame, the energy dissipation pipe is arranged at the top end inside the frame, the water inlet pipe is connected with the energy dissipation pipe, the energy dissipation pipe is in a dumbbell shape, the upper end of the energy dissipation pipe is thick and is a horn-shaped water inlet and is connected with the water inlet pipe, the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe is thin and is a spiral energy dissipation pipe, the inner wall of the pipe of the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe is provided with spiral convex ribs, the lower end of the energy;
the tipping bucket device is arranged below the energy dissipation pipe in the frame and comprises two tipping buckets which are symmetrically connected, an opening of one tipping bucket in the tipping bucket device is always aligned with an expansion water outlet of the energy dissipation pipe, and an opening of the other tipping bucket is in a dumping state;
in the frame, two sides of the tipping device are respectively provided with a diversion funnel which receives silt dumped by the tipping bucket;
the lower end of the diversion funnel is connected with the measuring box, an electronic valve is installed at the bottom end of the measuring box, and a water level meter is installed at the upper end of the measuring box.
Further, the tipping bucket device is installed in the frame through the pivot, just the tipping bucket device both ends are installed and are dismantled the balancing weight for critical runoff silt quality when changing the tipping bucket and empty.
Furthermore, limiting supports are mounted on the inner wall of the frame on two sides below the tipping bucket and limit the tipping bucket inclination angle.
Furthermore, tipping bucket inductors are mounted on the inner walls of the frames on two sides below the tipping buckets and used for detecting which tipping bucket is in a working state.
Furthermore, the top height of the side wall of the diversion funnel far away from the tipping bucket is higher than the height of the side edge of the tipping bucket when the tipping bucket is tipped.
Furthermore, a probe is arranged between the water inlet pipe and the energy dissipation pipe to detect the start-up of equipment when runoff exists in the water inlet pipe.
Furthermore, the upper section of the measuring box is of a tubular structure with a small diameter, the middle section of the measuring box is of a cylindrical structure with a large diameter, and the bottom section of the measuring box is of a conical structure.
Preferably, the water level gauge is an ultrasonic water level gauge.
Preferably, the inner cross-section of any one opening of the skip is triangular or trapezoidal or semicircular.
Further, the inner surfaces of the energy dissipation pipe, the tipping bucket device, the flow guide funnel and the measuring box are polished
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the equal-quality continuous sampling of runoff sediment is realized through the tipping device, and then the volume of each part of runoff sediment is respectively measured by utilizing the measuring boxes corresponding to the two tipping buckets. Calculating the runoff flow and the sediment content by mass and volume. Compared with the existing automatic monitoring device for the runoff sediment, the device provided by the invention has the advantages that a weighing device is omitted, the simultaneous measurement of mass and volume is simplified into volume measurement, the requirements on leveling, shock absorption, balance weight and the like of the device are low, the equipment cost is greatly reduced, the mechanical tipping device is used for replacing an electronic valve to realize runoff sediment sample division, and the equipment reliability is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
figure 2 is a schematic view of the inside of the energy dissipation tube;
in the figure: the device comprises a water inlet pipe 1, an energy dissipation pipe 2, a tipping device 3, a first diversion funnel 4, a second diversion funnel 5, a first measuring box 6, a second measuring box 7, a first electronic valve 8, a probe 9, a tipping sensor 10, a limiting support 11, a first water level gauge 12, a balancing weight 13, a second electronic valve 14 and a second water level gauge 15.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be understood that the orientations of the left, right, upper, lower, etc. in the embodiments are the orientations shown in the drawings, and when the drawings are changed, the orientations are changed accordingly.
Referring to fig. 1, the capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment comprises a frame, a water inlet pipe 1, an energy dissipation pipe 2, a tipping device 3, a diversion funnel and a measuring box. The frame is steel construction for provide the support for whole device.
The water inlet pipe 1 is arranged above the frame, the energy dissipation pipe 2 is arranged at the top end in the frame, the water inlet pipe 1 is connected with the energy dissipation pipe 2, the energy dissipation pipe 2 is in a dumbbell shape, the upper end of the energy dissipation pipe is thicker and is in a horn shape, the water inlet pipe 1 is connected with the water inlet pipe 1, the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe is thinner and is a spiral energy dissipation pipe 2, spiral convex ribs shown in the figure 2 are arranged on the inner wall of the pipe in the middle section, the lower end of the energy dissipation pipe is thicker; when runoff in the water inlet pipe 1 enters the horn-shaped water inlet of the energy dissipation pipe 2, the runoff impacts a horn mouth, so that the purpose of primary energy dissipation is achieved, then the runoff enters the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe 2, namely the spiral energy dissipation pipe 2, and due to the fact that spiral convex ribs are arranged inside the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe 2, the runoff is guided by the spiral convex ribs to be wall-attached water flow in spiral motion, and the purpose of secondary energy dissipation is achieved through friction between the wall-attached water flow and the pipe wall of the energy dissipation pipe 2; the runoff at the tail end of the energy dissipation pipe 2 is driven by the spiral motion to impact the inner wall of the expansion water outlet, so that the purpose of third energy dissipation is achieved, and the runoff kinetic energy is reduced through the third energy dissipation. Install probe 9 between inlet tube 1 and the energy dissipation pipe 2 to start-up equipment when having the runoff in the detection inlet tube 1, this device still is provided with automatic start control ware correspondingly, automatic start control ware adopts prior art means, detects the runoff through probe 9 and obtains the start-up signal in the inlet tube 1 appears.
The tipping device 3 is arranged inside the frame below the energy dissipation pipe 2, the tipping device 3 comprises two tipping buckets symmetrically connected and arranged, an opening of one tipping bucket in the tipping device 3 is aligned with an expansion outlet of the energy dissipation pipe 2 all the time, an opening of the other tipping bucket is in an overturning state, the opening is aligned with the tipping bucket of the energy dissipation pipe 2 to accept runoff discharged from the energy dissipation pipe 2, when the inside of the opening reaches a certain mass, the tipping bucket 3 overturns under the action of gravity and inclines, the tipping bucket in an originally overturning state is overturned to be aligned with the energy dissipation pipe 2, and the tipping bucket in the originally aligned state to the energy dissipation pipe 2 inclines to be poured to a lower diversion funnel. Tipping bucket device 3 installs in the frame through the pivot, just 3 both ends of tipping bucket device are installed and are dismantled balancing weight 13, different masses can be selected to balancing weight 13 for critical runoff quality when changing the tipping bucket and empty, prior art means is adopted in the detachable installation of batching piece 13. Tipping bucket below both sides install spacing support 11 on the frame inner wall, spacing support 11 restriction tipping bucket inclination angle, if 1, 3 sides of tipping bucket device and water flat line contained angles are a, 90 > a >0, and silt in the tipping bucket can be emptyd thoroughly this moment. The tipping bucket sensor 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the frame on two sides below the tipping bucket, the tipping bucket sensor 10 can select a photoelectric sensor, a pressure sensor and other sensors capable of sensing that the tipping bucket is conveyed in place, and the tipping bucket sensor 10 is used for detecting which tipping bucket is in a working state.
In the frame, a diversion funnel is installed respectively to the both sides of tipping bucket device 3, the silt that the tipping bucket was emptyd is accepted to the diversion funnel, the diversion funnel is kept away from tipping bucket one side lateral wall top and highly is higher than its side height when the tipping bucket is emptyd prevents that silt from flowing out from the diversion funnel.
The water conservancy diversion funnel lower extreme is connected with the survey case for measure the water level change, the survey case upper segment is the less tubular structure of diameter, and the diameter is less can improve measurement accuracy, and the middle section is the great tubular structure of diameter to hold the most silt of tipping bucket slope, the bottom segment is the toper structure, and the runoff of being convenient for is discharged, avoids the silt siltation. And when the total volume of the bottom section and the middle section of the measuring box is equal to or slightly smaller than the overturning volume of the tipping bucket when the maximum sediment content is achieved, the water level of the measuring box is positioned in the tubular structure at the upper end of the measuring box under the normal condition. It should be understood that the terms "smaller" and "larger" are used herein to facilitate the description of the different diameters of the upper and middle sections of the case.
The bottom end of the measuring box is respectively provided with a first electronic valve 8 and a second electronic valve 14, the upper end of the measuring box is respectively provided with a first water level meter 12 and a second water level meter 15, and preferably, the water level meters are ultrasonic water level meters.
In addition, tipping device, water conservancy diversion funnel, energy dissipation pipe and survey case inner wall all polish smoothly, are convenient for runoff silt to flow.
The working principle is as follows:
when runoff is generated in a runoff plot (t0), the probe 9 detects the runoff, the controller starts the equipment, the runoff flows into the equipment through the water inlet pipe 1 of the equipment, flows into the lower dump bin II after energy dissipation through the energy dissipation pipe, the dump bin II is in a working state and the dump bin I is in a waiting state (it should be understood that the dump bin II is the dump bin with an opening aligned with the energy dissipation pipe initially, the dump bin I is the dump bin in a dumping state initially, for example, the dump bin II is in the working state in fig. 1, the bottom of the dump bin II corresponds to the measuring box II 7, the electronic valve II 14, and the dump bin I is in the waiting state, and the bottom of the dump bin I corresponds to the measuring box I6 and the electronic valve I8). And the second skip bucket sensor 10 senses that the second skip bucket is in a working state, and closes the second electronic valve 14 at the bottom of the measuring box corresponding to the second skip bucket to prepare for containing runoff sediment.
Runoff silt flows into tipping bucket two from the energy dissipation pipe, and the runoff silt that tipping bucket two meets reaches predetermined quality, because the effect of gravity tipping bucket immediately overturns (t1), this moment: 1) pouring runoff silt into a second measuring box 7 corresponding to the lower part of the second tipping bucket; 2) the skip bucket induction device generates a signal, and the device closes the electronic valve I8 at the bottom of the measuring box corresponding to the skip bucket I to prepare for containing runoff sediment. And then, the second tipping bucket is in a waiting state, and the first tipping bucket is in a working state.
When the runoff of the first tipping bucket reaches a preset value (t3), the tipping bucket immediately overturns under the action of gravity, and at the moment: 1) pouring the runoff into a measuring box I6 corresponding to the lower part of the tipping bucket; 2) the skip bucket sensing device generates a signal, and the device drives a second water level meter 15 in a second measuring box 7 corresponding to the skip bucket II to measure the water level. And then, the second tipping bucket is in a working state, and the first tipping bucket is in a waiting state. And (t4) immediately opening the electronic valve II 14 at the bottom of the measuring box II 7 after the measurement is finished.
The runoff connected with the second tipping bucket reaches the preset mass, the tipping bucket immediately overturns under the action of gravity (t5), and the tipping bucket immediately overturns under the action of gravity, at the moment: 1) pouring the runoff into a second measuring box 7 corresponding to the lower part of the second tipping bucket; 2) the skip bucket sensing device generates a signal, and the device drives a skip bucket to correspond to a water level gauge I12 in a measuring box I6 to measure the water level. And then, the first tipping bucket is in a working state, and the second tipping bucket is in a waiting state. Immediately after the measurement is finished (t7), the electronic valve I14 at the bottom of the measuring box I6 is opened.
When the dump bucket-received flow reaches a predetermined value (new t3), a new cycle is started.
Claims (10)
1. Survey appearance formula full runoff silt automatic monitoring device, its characterized in that: comprises a frame, a water inlet pipe, an energy dissipation pipe, a tipping device, a diversion funnel and a measuring box;
the water inlet pipe is arranged above the frame, the energy dissipation pipe is arranged at the top end inside the frame, the water inlet pipe is connected with the energy dissipation pipe, the energy dissipation pipe is in a dumbbell shape, the upper end of the energy dissipation pipe is thick and is a horn-shaped water inlet and is connected with the water inlet pipe, the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe is thin and is a spiral energy dissipation pipe, the inner wall of the pipe of the middle section of the energy dissipation pipe is provided with spiral convex ribs, the lower end of the energy;
the tipping bucket device is arranged below the energy dissipation pipe in the frame and comprises two tipping buckets which are symmetrically connected, an opening of one tipping bucket in the tipping bucket device is always aligned with an expansion water outlet of the energy dissipation pipe, and an opening of the other tipping bucket is in a dumping state;
in the frame, two sides of the tipping device are respectively provided with a diversion funnel which receives runoff sediment dumped by the tipping bucket;
the lower end of the diversion funnel is connected with the measuring box, an electronic valve is installed at the bottom end of the measuring box, and a water level meter is installed at the upper end of the measuring box.
2. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the tipping bucket device is installed in the frame through the pivot, just the tipping bucket device both ends are installed and are dismantled the balancing weight for critical runoff quality when changing the tipping bucket and empty.
3. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 2, characterized in that: and limiting supports are arranged on the inner wall of the frame at two sides below the tipping bucket and limit the tipping bucket inclination angle.
4. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 3, characterized in that: and tipping bucket sensors are arranged on the inner walls of the frames at two sides below the tipping buckets and used for detecting which tipping bucket is in a working state.
5. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top height of the side wall of the diversion funnel far away from one side of the tipping bucket is higher than the height of the side wall of the tipping bucket when the tipping bucket is tipped.
6. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a probe is arranged between the water inlet pipe and the energy dissipation pipe to detect the start-up equipment when runoff exists in the water inlet pipe.
7. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the upper section of the measuring box is of a tubular structure with a smaller diameter, the middle section of the measuring box is of a cylindrical structure with a larger diameter, and the bottom section of the measuring box is of a conical structure.
8. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water level gauge is an ultrasonic water level gauge.
9. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 8, characterized in that: the inner section of any opening of the dump bucket is triangular, trapezoidal or semicircular.
10. The capacity-measuring type automatic monitoring device for full-scale runoff sediment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the inner surfaces of the energy dissipation pipe, the tipping device, the flow guide funnel and the measuring barrel are polished.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011004692.9A CN112033873A (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Volume-measuring type full-runoff sediment automatic monitoring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011004692.9A CN112033873A (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Volume-measuring type full-runoff sediment automatic monitoring device |
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| CN112033873A true CN112033873A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| CN202011004692.9A Pending CN112033873A (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Volume-measuring type full-runoff sediment automatic monitoring device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112628606A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司 | Pipeline pressure adjusting device and pipeline pressure adjusting method |
| CN114166679A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-11 | 中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司 | Double-channel self-purification type runoff sediment automatic monitoring equipment and monitoring method |
-
2020
- 2020-09-22 CN CN202011004692.9A patent/CN112033873A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112628606A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司 | Pipeline pressure adjusting device and pipeline pressure adjusting method |
| CN114166679A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-11 | 中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司 | Double-channel self-purification type runoff sediment automatic monitoring equipment and monitoring method |
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