CN112033289A - Photosensitive measuring rod device and method for measuring slope descending height - Google Patents
Photosensitive measuring rod device and method for measuring slope descending height Download PDFInfo
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- CN112033289A CN112033289A CN202010899166.7A CN202010899166A CN112033289A CN 112033289 A CN112033289 A CN 112033289A CN 202010899166 A CN202010899166 A CN 202010899166A CN 112033289 A CN112033289 A CN 112033289A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0608—Height gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0616—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating
- G01B11/0683—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating measurement during deposition or removal of the layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photosensitive measuring drill rod device and a method for measuring slope descending height. The signal processing module is internally provided with a signal input port, a processing circuit, a signal conversion circuit, a signal output port and a power port. The input end of the signal processing module is connected with the photosensitive element, the output end of the signal processing module is connected with the wireless data transmission module, and the power port is connected with the solar power module. The wireless data transmission module is internally provided with an input end and a power port, the input end is connected with the output end of the signal processing module, and the power port is connected with the solar power module. The photosensitive survey pin device saves labor cost of traditional measurement, avoids error interference of manual reading and the defects that a traditional survey pin method consumes time and labor and is easy to damage slope stability, and is simple in structure, high in reliability and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of testing, and particularly relates to a photosensitive measuring rod device and a method for measuring the descending height of a slope.
Background
The measuring method is suitable for observing the soil loss of a stable slope formed by dispersed soil-like deposits. The method is specifically operated as follows: regularly inserting a plurality of thin drill rods into the slope to be measured, arranging common drill rod cloth into a 3 x 3 square array of 9 drill rods, marking positions on the drill rods, which are level to the surface layer of the soil, serving as original height points, manually and periodically observing the reduced thickness of the surface soil layer, and calculating water and soil loss related data such as soil erosion. The method requires that measuring personnel regularly arrive at the site to check the state of the measuring drill rod, and the thickness of the earth surface of each measuring drill rod is manually measured to reduce the thickness, so that the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming and is easy to damage the stability of the slope.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a photosensitive measuring rod device and a method for measuring the descending height of a slope surface, which can automatically monitor the position of a photosensitive element closest to the slope surface in photosensitive elements positioned above the slope surface without a worker going to the site, and can obtain the reduced thickness of the earth surface according to the position of the photosensitive element.
In order to achieve the purpose, the photosensitive measuring drill rod device comprises a measuring drill rod, a photosensitive element group and a signal processing module, wherein the photosensitive element group and the signal processing module are both arranged on the drill rod, the photosensitive element group comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements which are sequentially arranged along the vertical direction of the measuring drill rod, the output ends of all the photosensitive elements are connected with the input end of the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is used for judging the photosensitive element which is closest to the slope surface in the photosensitive elements above the ground according to the received on-off state of the photosensitive element group.
Furthermore, the output end of the signal processing module is connected with the wireless data transmission module through the wireless data transmission module, the received signal is transmitted to the input end of the receiving unit, and the receiving unit is used for calculating the height of the drill rod exposed out of the ground and the descending height of the slope according to the number or the position of the photosensitive element closest to the slope in the photosensitive elements above the ground.
Furthermore, a solar power module for supplying power to the signal processing module is arranged on the drill rod.
Further, the photosensitive elements are uniformly arranged.
Further, the spacing between the photosensitive elements is 1 mm.
Further, the type of the photosensitive element is PT 0603.
A slope descending height measuring method based on the photosensitive measuring rod device comprises the following steps:
2, performing first measurement, conducting the photosensitive elements exposed above the ground, transmitting the conducting state to the signal processing module, and obtaining the position D1 or the number N1 of the photosensitive element closest to the slope surface in the photosensitive elements above the slope surface by the signal processing module according to the conducting or the disconnecting state of all the photosensitive elements;
and 4, calculating the thickness change of the slope surface before and after the set time, namely the loss thickness of the measured slope surface according to the positions or the numbers of the two measurements.
Further, in step 4, after the depth of the loss thickness of the measured slope surface is calculated, the depth is stored by the receiving unit, and the daily soil erosion intensity D of the measured slope surface is calculatediMonthly soil erosion Strength MkAnd annual soil erosion strength T.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the device comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements which are arranged in sequence, the slope descending thickness is detected by utilizing the sharp photosensitive variation of the photosensitive elements on the illumination intensity, the earth surface reduction thickness can be monitored at any time, and the measuring rod has a simple structure and low cost; and because the photosensitive element is insensitive to the change of ambient temperature, humidity and air pressure, the photosensitive element is only sensitive to the illumination intensity, and has extremely high stability and reliability.
Furthermore, the measurement accuracy is improved by properly setting the number of the photosensitive elements and the threshold voltage value, the measurement error of the soil erosion amount can be ensured within 1mm within the range of the measurement distance of 0-30cm, and the measurement accuracy is ensured.
Furthermore, the solar energy power supply module is adopted for supplying power, so that the self-sufficiency of power supply can be realized.
Further, utilize wireless data transmission module to realize the teletransmission of data, through wireless data transmission, save traditional measuring cost of labor, arouse because of trampling when avoiding artifical reading to destroy the monitoring error that domatic stability brought.
Furthermore, the type of the photosensitive element is PT0603, and an industrial photosensitive element is adopted to ensure the accuracy, stability and reliability of measurement.
A method for measuring the slope descending height utilizes the sharp photosensitive variation of a photosensitive element on the illumination intensity to detect the serial number of the photosensitive element exposed out of the lowest end of the ground to measure the slope descending height, and further the slope descending thickness is obtained; the position of the photosensitive element X at the lowest end above the slope is adopted to judge the thickness of the slope, so that the error caused by damage of the photosensitive element can be reduced. As long as the photosensitive element X at the lowermost end above the slope is not damaged, an accurate measurement result can be obtained.
The invention reflects the actual detection distance by utilizing the photosensitive intensity, can automatically monitor the thickness reduction of the earth surface, is only sensitive to the illumination intensity because the photosensitive element is insensitive to the change of the environmental temperature, the humidity and the air pressure, has extremely high stability and reliability, can be manufactured according to the requirement, and is an ideal method for replacing a manual measurement mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a photosensitive survey pin apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a measurement method of the photosensitive measuring device;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a photosensitive element;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a chip U11;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a chip U12;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a chip U5;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of an amplifying circuit;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit;
fig. 9 is a schematic wiring diagram of the wireless data transmission module.
In the drawings: 1. measuring a drill rod; 2. a photosensitive element; 3. a signal processing module; 4. a wireless data transmission module; 5. a solar power module; 6. a slope surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention clearer and easier to understand. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, wherein the specific examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the photosensitive measuring drill device comprises a measuring drill rod 1, a photosensitive element group 2, a signal processing module 3, a wireless data transmission module 4 and a solar power module 5.
The photosensitive element group 2, the signal processing module 3, the wireless data transmission module 4 and the solar power module 5 are arranged on the drill rod 1. The photosensitive element group 2 comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements which are sequentially and uniformly arranged along the vertical direction of the drill rod 1. The drill rod 1 is provided with a strip-shaped groove, the outer side of the strip-shaped groove is provided with a photosensitive element group 2, the inner side of the strip-shaped groove is provided with a signal processing module 3, and the signal processing module 3 comprises a chip U11, a chip U12, a chip P11, a chip P12, an amplifying circuit and a chip U5; wherein the U11 model is HCF4067 BMI; u12 model is MC14514 BDW; p11 is a 6-core connector; p12 is a 6-core connector; u5 was model PIC24FV16KM 202.
The top end of the drill rod measuring 1 is provided with a cylindrical shell, an upper plate is installed in the shell and comprises a wireless data transmission module 4 and a solar power module 5, the solar power module 5 comprises a solar battery, a chip U21, a chip U22, a chip P21, a chip P22 and a chip P3, the type of U21 is LDO, the type of U22 is TLV61220, and the type of P21 is a 2-core connector; p22 is 2-core connector; p3 is a 6-core connector; the photosensitive element group 2 is arranged above the middle of the drill rod 1, the upper plate and the lower plate are connected through a six-core cable, and the wireless data transmission module 4 and the solar power module 5 are both arranged at the top of the drill rod 1.
The signal processing module 3 is internally provided with a signal input port, a processing circuit, a signal output port and a power port. The input end of the signal processing module 3 is connected with the photosensitive element 2, the output end is connected with the wireless data transmission module 4, and the power port is connected with the solar power module 5. An input end and a power port are arranged in the wireless data transmission module 4, the input end is connected with the output end of the signal processing module 3, and the power port is connected with the solar power module 5.
In fig. 3 to 9, the same symbols denote the same nodes.
Photosensor connection circuit fig. 3 shows that all photosensors are divided into 15 groups, each group includes 16 photosensors, the first terminals of the photosensors in the same group are connected to the same pin of the chip U12(MC14514BDW), and the second terminals of the photosensors in the same group are connected to different pins of the chip U12. The photosensitive elements with the same number in different groups are connected to the same pin of the chip U12, and all the photosensitive elements are grounded through the sampling resistor.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the chip U11 adopts an HCF4067BM1 chip, pin 1 is an output port VIN, the output port VIN is connected to an input terminal of an amplifier circuit, an output terminal of the amplifier circuit is connected to pin 2 of chip U5(PIC24FV16KM202), pin 10 of chip U11 is connected to pin 23 of chip U5, pin 11 of chip U11 is connected to pin 24 of chip U5, pin 14 of chip U11 is connected to pin 25 of chip U5, and pin 13 of chip U11 is connected to pin 26 of chip U5. Pins 10, 11, 13, and 14 of chip U11 are address select bits. The AIN1-AIN16 ports of the chip U11 are connected to the second ends of the No. 1 to No. 16 photosensitive elements of the respective groups of photosensitive elements, respectively.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, chip U12 employs an MC14514BDW chip having pin No. 4 connected to the first end of group 7 photosensors, pin No. 5 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 6 photosensors, pin No. 6 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 5 photosensors, pin No. 7 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 4 photosensors, pin No. 8 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 3 photosensors, pin No. 9 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 1 photosensors, pin No. 10 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 2 photosensors, pin No. 13 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 13 photosensors, pin No. 14 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 12 photosensors, pin No. 15 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 15 photosensors, pin No. 16 of chip U12 connected to the first end of group 14 photosensors, pin No. 9 of chip U12, pin 18 of the chip U12 is connected to the first end of the group 8 photosensor, pin 19 of the chip U12 is connected to the first end of the group 11 photosensor, and pin 20 of the chip U12 is connected to the first end of the group 10 photosensor.
No. 1 pin of chip U12 is connected with power VCC, No. 2 pin is connected with No. 17 pin of chip U5, No. 3 pin is connected with No. 18 pin of chip U5, No. 21 pin is connected with No. 21 pin of chip U5, No. 22 pin is connected with No. 22 pin of chip U5, No. 23 pin is connected with No. 19 pin of chip U5, No. 23 pin is connected with power VCC through resistance R20, No. 12 pin ground connection. Pins 2, 3, 21, and 22 of chip U12 are address select bits.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, chip U5 employs chip U5, pin 1 of which is connected to pin 1 of chip P12, pin 2 of chip U5 is connected to output terminal AD _ IN of amplifier circuit, pin 3 of chip U5 is connected to one end of resistor R26 of amplifier circuit, pin 4 of chip U5 is connected to pin 4 of chip P12, pin 5 of chip U5 is connected to pin 5 of chip P12, pin 6 of chip U5 is connected to pin 2 of chip P11, pin 8 of chip U5 is grounded, pin 9 and pin 10 of chip U5 are connected to crystal Y1, pin 11 of chip U5 is connected to pin 4 of chip P11, pin 12 of chip U5 is connected to pin 5 of chip P11, pin 13 of chip U5 is connected to VCC, pin VCC 16 of chip U5 is connected to pin 3 of chip P11, pin 11 of chip U11 is connected to pin 11 of chip P11, pin 11 of chip U11 is connected to chip C11, and pin 11 is connected to chip C, pin 27 of the chip U5 is connected to ground and to the second terminal of the capacitor C14, and pin 28 of the chip U5 is connected to the power VCC and the first terminal of the capacitor C14.
The No. 2 pin and the No. 3 pin of the chip P11 are communication pins; pin number P12D 1 is an emulation programming port. The No. 1 pin of the chip U5 is a main reset port, the No. 3 pin is a working state control port of the operational amplifier circuit, the No. 4 and No. 5 pins are programming interfaces, the No. 6 pin is connected with the wireless data transmission module, the No. 16 pin sends data to the wireless data transmission module, the No. 9 and No. 10 pins are connected with a clock circuit, the No. 12 pin is used for controlling the working state (working or standby) of the wireless data transmission module, the No. 11 pin is a power supply control port, and when the chip works for a set time (10s), the power supply is turned off, so that each chip is in the standby state; when the solar cell is fully charged, each chip is controlled to continue working, and by adopting the power supply mode, the power consumption can be met by depending on solar energy without an additional power supply.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a solar power module, in which the chip U21 in fig. 8 is a voltage regulator (LDO), and the chip U22 adopts a TLV61220 chip. P21 is a solar cell, P22 is connected with an energy storage capacitor C, and the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor C is 1 farad. The solar cell is connected with a No. 5 pin and a No. 6 pin of the chip U21, a No. 7 pin and a No. 8 pin of the chip U21 are connected with a No. 2 pin of the chip U22, and a No. 1 pin of the chip U22 is grounded; the No. 1 pin of the chip U21 is suspended, the No. 3 pin and the No. 4 pin are grounded, the No. 2 pin is connected with the first end of the resistor R3, the first end of the resistor R8, the first end of the resistor R4 and the No. 3 pin of the chip U22, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected with the No. 4 pin of the chip P3, the second end of the resistor R4 is grounded, and the capacitor C3 is connected with the resistor R4 in parallel; the second end of the resistor R3 is connected with the pin No. 2 of the P22, the first end of the inductor L1, the pin No. 6 of the chip U22 and the first end of the capacitor C1, the second end of the inductor L1 is connected with the pin No. 1 of the chip U22, the pin No. 2 of the chip U22 is grounded, the second ends of the capacitors C1 and C2 are grounded, the pin No. 5 of the chip U22 is connected with the first end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the capacitor C2, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2 and the pin No. 5 of the chip U22, and the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded; pin No. 5 of chip U22 is connected as an output to pin No. 1 of chip P3.
Referring to fig. 9, pin No. 2 of the chip P3 is connected to pin No. 7 of the wireless data transmission module through the light emitting diode D2, pin No. 3 of the chip P3 is connected to pin No. 6 of the wireless data transmission module through the light emitting diode D3, pin No. 6 of the chip P3 is grounded, and pin No. 5 of the chip P3 is connected to pin No. 12 of the chip U5.
The power supply VDD is connected to the led D4 via a resistor R12.
The working principle of the circuit is as follows:
the solar cell receives sunlight, charges, and stabilizes the voltage at 2.5V through the voltage stabilizing chip, and the voltage of 2.5V is boosted to the voltage VDD of 3.3V through the boosting chip U22. The voltage stabilizing chip charges the energy storage capacitor, a pin 2 of the voltage stabilizing chip U21 is an enable signal of the chip U11, a pin 4 of the chip P3 is an enable signal of the chip U12, and the signal enables the chip U12 to work. And in one working cycle, measuring the on-off state of all photosensitive elements. The chips U11, U12, U21, U22, U4, U5, P11, P12, P21, P22 and P3 are all powered by solar cells.
The No. 4 pin of the chip P11 is connected with a power control signal, and the working states of other chips are controlled by the power control.
When the photosensitive element is blocked by an object, the photosensitive element keeps the original state and does not send a signal. The signal processing circuit sends a detection signal to the photosensitive elements 2 at regular time, detects which photosensitive elements are blocked and which are not blocked in sequence from bottom to top, outputs the serial number of the lowest photosensitive element in the unblocked photosensitive elements when two continuous photosensitive elements are switched on (namely, are not blocked), and calculates the slope thickness during measurement according to the serial number of the lowest photosensitive element in the unblocked photosensitive elements. The signal conversion circuit is used for converting the voltage value output by the photosensitive device after being conducted into a standard signal, so that the range of a measuring instrument which can be connected with the fiber measuring device is not limited, and the fiber measuring device can be connected with any display instrument which can receive the standard signal, and the universality of the fiber measuring device is improved.
The number of the photosensitive elements determines the precision of the fiber measuring device, and the more the number of the arranged photosensitive elements is, the higher the measurement precision is in unit length; within a certain length range, the more the photosensitive devices are arranged, the more dense the photosensitive devices are proved, the smaller the space between the adjacent photosensitive devices is, the higher the measurement precision is, otherwise, the lower the measurement precision is, the higher the threshold voltage is, under the condition of direct sunlight, the photosensitive devices are not conducted, the fiber measurement device cannot measure the ground boundary, and the measurement height cannot be read.
If 240 photosensitive components are uniformly arranged within the range of 24cm, the distance between every two adjacent components is 1mm, namely the measurement precision and the resolution of the device are 1 mm; if 600 photosensitive devices can be uniformly arranged within the range of 30cm on the occasion of higher measurement accuracy requirement, the distance between the adjacent photosensitive devices becomes 0.5mm, and the measurement accuracy of the device becomes 0.5mm at the moment.
The threshold voltage of the photosensitive element is adjusted depending on the illumination intensity, and in cloudy days, the illumination intensity is insufficient, so that the threshold voltage needs to be reduced to obtain a more accurate measurement result, so that the photosensitive element can also obtain the accurate measurement result at a lower illumination intensity.
The photosensitive elements are uniformly arranged in the range of 24cm, 240 photosensitive elements of the underground part of the fiber measuring rod can not sense light in a dark environment and are always in an off state, the photosensitive elements exposed out of the ground can be in an on state under the irradiation of sunlight, and the change quantity of the slope thickness can be calculated according to the number of the lowermost photosensitive element in the photosensitive elements which are not blocked. The photosensors may be numbered in order from small to large from bottom to top, and assuming that the number of the lowermost photosensor that can sense light is 100 in the last measurement and 98 in the current measurement, the slope is decreased by (100-98) × 1mm — 2 mm.
Because the state signal output by the photosensitive element has only two results, the state signal is switched on when the photosensitive element is illuminated and switched off when the photosensitive element is not illuminated, and the state signal is irrelevant to factors such as temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like, the slope variation can be calculated according to the on-off state of the photosensitive element, and the slope variation is not influenced by the temperature, the humidity and the air pressure.
A method for measuring the descending height of a slope by using the photosensitive measuring drill device comprises the following steps:
Step 2, after the measuring rod 1 is inserted into the slope surface to be measured, part of the photosensitive elements are buried by the slope surface, and the photosensitive elements exposed above the ground sense light; the chip U5 utilizes the chip U12 to select which group of photosensitive elements are detected, the chip U22 selects which photosensitive element group is detected, the conduction state of the detected photosensitive elements is output to an operational amplifier circuit through the No. 1 pin of the chip U11 for amplification, a signal AD _ IN is output, the signal AD _ IN is input to the No. 2 pin of the chip U5, when the conduction of two continuous photosensitive elements is detected, the No. 16 pin of the chip U5 outputs a test result to a wireless data transmission module, the height or the number of the lowest photosensitive element IN the photosensitive elements capable of sensing illumination can be sensed, the wireless data transmission module transmits the information to an upper computer or a display module, the upper computer or a manual work calculates the relative positions of a slope and a drill rod during detection, and further obtains the volume of soil lost IN unit area, namely the soil and water loss, the receiving unit can be any display instrument capable of receiving standard signals, the receiving unit can be a computer, the, A recorder, a computer, etc.
And 3, in the soil and water loss monitoring work, measuring the conduction state of each photosensitive element again after a determined time gradient is passed, calculating to obtain the buried depth of the photosensitive element, and obtaining the loss thickness of the measured slope surface by making a difference with the first measurement result. The data is transmitted to the receiving unit through the wireless data transmission module 4, and the receiving unit can calculate the water and soil flow thickness at the position through the difference between two measured data.
The invention monitors the buried depth of the photosensitive element by utilizing the photosensitive ranging principle, realizes data transmission by the wireless data transmission module, and automatically calculates by utilizing the receiving unit to obtain the water and soil loss and the daily soil erosion intensity DiMonthly soil erosion Strength MkAnd annual soil erosion strength T.
Wherein, (1) daily soil erosion intensity Di(unit t/km)2)
In the formula: the volume weight rho of the soil is 880-1220kg/m3，hiDaily erosion for the ith test pinDepth (unit mm), n is the number of measuring pins at each measuring point, and n is 9.
(2) Erosion intensity of soil in the moon Mk(unit t/km)2)
The soil erosion intensity in the middle of the month is the soil erosion intensity in the middle of the day in each month DiAnd j is the number of days of the detected month.
(3) Annual soil erosion Strength T (Unit T/(km)2.a))
The middle-aged soil erosion intensity of the formula is the soil erosion intensity M per monthkThe sum of (1).
The automatic monitoring of survey pin method monitoring soil and water loss volume has been realized like this, has avoided traditional survey pin method consuming time and power and easily destroys domatic stability's drawback, through the realization of photosensitive range finding principle, has avoided the jamming factor under the condition of assurance precision, and survey pin simple structure, low cost.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
The invention combines the water and soil conservation specialty with the testing technology, takes the photosensitive ranging principle as the theoretical basis, and automatically monitors the thickness reduction of the earth surface, thus solving the problem. The photosensitive distance measurement principle is that the slope descending thickness is detected by the sharp photosensitive variation of the photosensitive element on the illumination intensity, and the actual detection distance is reflected by the photosensitive intensity. In practical application, the photosensitive element is insensitive to the change of ambient temperature, humidity and air pressure, is only sensitive to the illumination intensity, has extremely high stability and reliability, can be manufactured according to the requirement of measurement precision, and is an ideal method for replacing a manual measurement mode.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a photosensitive survey borer device, its characterized in that, is including surveying drill rod (1), photosensitive element group (2) and signal processing module (3) are all installed on drill rod (1), photosensitive element group (2) include a plurality of photosensitive elements along surveying drill rod (1) vertical direction and arranging in proper order, all photosensitive element output and signal processing module's (3) input connect, signal processing module (3) are used for judging the photosensitive element that is located the most domatic (6) among the photosensitive element more than ground according to the break-make state of received photosensitive element group (2).
2. The photosensitive survey pin device of claim 1, characterized in that the output end of the signal processing module (3) and the wireless data transmission module (4) are connected by the wireless data transmission module (4) to transmit the received signal to the input end of the receiving unit, and the receiving unit is used for calculating the height of the drill rod (1) exposed from the ground and the descending height of the slope according to the number or the position of the photosensitive element closest to the slope (6) among the photosensitive elements above the ground.
3. A light-sensitive measuring rod device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drill rod (1) is provided with a solar power module (5) for supplying power to the signal processing module (3).
4. A light sensitive measuring staff device according to claim 1 wherein said light sensitive elements are evenly arranged.
5. A light-sensitive surveying pin arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the spacing between the light-sensitive elements is 1 mm.
6. A photosensitive measuring rod device according to claim 1, wherein said photosensitive element is PT 0603.
7. The method for measuring the descending height of the slope of the photosensitive measuring rod device according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, inserting a drill rod (1) into a slope surface (6) to be measured, and burying part of photosensitive elements in the slope surface (6) after the drill rod (1) is inserted into the slope surface to be measured;
step 2, carrying out first measurement, sequentially detecting whether the photosensitive elements are conducted or not from bottom to top, and when detecting that two continuous photosensitive elements are conducted, outputting the position D1 or the serial number N1 of the photosensitive element closest to the slope (6) in the photosensitive elements above the slope (6) by the signal processing module (3);
step 3, after the set time, measuring again to obtain the position D2 or the number N2 of the light sensitive element closest to the slope (6) in the new light sensitive elements positioned above the slope (6);
and 4, calculating the thickness change of the slope surface before and after the set time, namely the loss thickness of the measured slope surface according to the positions or the numbers of the two measurements.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 4, the depth of the thickness loss of the slope to be measured is calculated, and then the depth is stored in the receiving unit, and the daily soil erosion intensity D of the slope to be measured is calculatediMonthly soil erosion Strength MkAnd annual soil erosion strength T.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010899166.7A CN112033289A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Photosensitive measuring rod device and method for measuring slope descending height |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010899166.7A CN112033289A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Photosensitive measuring rod device and method for measuring slope descending height |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115096905A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-23 | 国网(西安)环保技术中心有限公司 | In-situ optical detection device and method for scaling degree of voltage-sharing electrode |
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