CN112031799A - Edge hob cutter ring, edge hob comprising same and rock breaking method using same - Google Patents
Edge hob cutter ring, edge hob comprising same and rock breaking method using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112031799A CN112031799A CN202010875109.5A CN202010875109A CN112031799A CN 112031799 A CN112031799 A CN 112031799A CN 202010875109 A CN202010875109 A CN 202010875109A CN 112031799 A CN112031799 A CN 112031799A
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- cutter
- ring
- hob
- edge
- end cover
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to tunnel tunneling hobbing cutter equipment, in particular to an edge hobbing cutter ring, an edge hobbing cutter comprising the edge hobbing cutter ring and a rock breaking method using the edge hobbing cutter ring. The sine cutting edge hob replacing the central hob is formed by the edge hob ring, so that the edge hob ring cuts rocks in a sine path and is not easy to generate eccentric wear; the hobs can be connected into a thread hob group according to the excavation diameter, so that the thread hob group is more easily broken and cracks are generated; the cutter ring structure can normally tunnel a small-turning tunnel without transforming the original cutter head, so that the cutter changing period is prolonged, the energy loss is reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the cutter ring structure has high popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunneling hobbing cutter device, in particular to an edge hobbing cutter ring, an edge hobbing cutter comprising the edge hobbing cutter ring and used for adapting to a small turning radius of a tunnel and a rock breaking method using the edge hobbing cutter ring.
Background
With the requirements of various water diversion, railway and road construction, more and more mountain tunnel projects begin to be constructed. The tunnel construction by using the hard rock Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) has the characteristics of high automation degree, labor saving, high speed, high safety factor, one-step tunneling and the like. However, the design of the conventional hard rock heading machine (TBM) requires that the general turning radius is generally more than 500 meters, and the use of the TBM in the field is limited by the small turning tunnel designed by many pumped storage power generation projects. One of the main reasons is that the hob is used as a tooth of the heading machine, the TBM needs a large rotation angle in the process of heading a small-turning tunnel, the penetration degree of the hob at the outer side of a turn far away from the center of the turn is far greater than that at the inner side of the turn in the process of small turning, and the turn can be realized, while the penetration degree is positively correlated with the stress, namely the turning can be realized by requiring the eccentric load of the cutter head. In the process of tunneling hard rock, the conventionally designed center cutter is deviated to one side due to the fact that the rotating speed of the center hob is low, but when the tunnel is in a small turning process, the cutting edge of the cutter ring is stressed unevenly; the edge of the cutter ring is easily ground into a large contact angle between the edge hob and the wall of the hole, the hob is easily eccentric ground, the hob fails, particularly, part of the tunnel with a small turning radius is easy to lose, the hob is extremely easy to abnormally wear and lose efficacy, the consumption of the cutter ring is large, the construction period is prolonged, the tunneling efficiency is influenced, and the tunneling cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides the edge hob cutter ring, the edge hob containing the edge hob cutter ring and used for adapting to the small turning radius of the tunnel and the rock breaking method using the edge hob cutter ring, the structure is simple, the design is scientific and reasonable, the adaptability is strong, the tunneling construction efficiency is effectively improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
According to the design scheme provided by the invention, the edge hob ring comprises a ring-shaped cutter ring body, an included angle a is formed between one side of the center line of the cutter ring body, which faces the center of a cutter disc, and the vertical plane, the outer side of the cutter ring body is arranged at an included angle b with the vertical plane, and the included angle a is larger than b, so that a deflection cutter ring structure is formed.
As the edge hob ring, two outer side surfaces of the knife ring body form a structure which is parallel to each other and forms an included angle b with a vertical plane through washing, removing and turning respectively.
As the edge hob ring, the included angle a is set according to the turning radius of the tunnel.
The invention further provides an edge hob suitable for a tunnel with a small turning radius, which comprises a cutter ring, a cutter hub, a bearing ring, a retaining ring and an end cover, wherein the cutter ring is connected with the cutter hub and limits the left and right displacement of the cutter ring through the retaining ring arranged on the cutter hub, and the cutter ring adopts the edge hob ring so that the center line of the cutting edge of the deflected cutter ring and the center line of the whole cutter of the central hob deflect by an angle a.
As the edge hob of the invention, furthermore, a plurality of edge hobs are installed in parallel in a cutter box of the shield machine, the cutting edge deflection direction of the cutter ring of each edge hob is consistent, and an included angle a is formed between the cutter box of each hob and a rock to be broken.
As the edge hob of the present invention, further, a plurality of edge hobs installed in parallel form a screw type hob group.
As the edge hob of the invention, further, the end cover comprises an upper end cover and a lower end cover; an annular cavity for mounting the cutter hub and the bearing is arranged between the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the cutter hub and the bearing are sequentially fixed in the annular cavity; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are connected and fastened through a connecting bolt.
As the edge hob of the present invention, further, the bearing ring includes a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, the bearing outer ring is fixed between the hob hub and the bearing, and the bearing inner ring is fixed between the bearing and the lower end cover.
As the edge hob of the invention, furthermore, an O-shaped sealing ring is also arranged between the upper end cover and the lower end cover; seals are arranged among the bearing outer ring, the hub and the end cover, an O-shaped ring is arranged between the hub and the bearing outer ring, and a space ring is arranged between the bearing inner rings; the oil plug is arranged on the upper end cover.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a small-turning-radius rock breaking method for the tunnel, wherein at least one hob is installed in a cutter box of the shield machine, and a cutter ring of the hob adopts the structure of the edge hob cutter ring; in the construction process, the hob is pressed on the surface of the rock, the hob is moved, and the cutter ring forms a sine cutting route on the rock.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the structure of the invention is simple, the design is novel and reasonable, and aiming at the tunnel with small turning radius, the cutter ring structure is improved, and the cutter ring of the hob of the shield machine forms a sine cutting route in the construction process, so that the stress direction of the cutting edge of the cutter ring is ensured to be consistent with the cutting edge direction in the turning process, and the hob is not easy to generate eccentric wear; the plurality of hobs can be connected in parallel to form a thread type hob group, and rock is cut in a thread mode under the interaction; the hob mounting structure can be unchanged, the original cutterhead is not required to be modified, the assembly and fixation of the deflecting cutter ring can be realized, the cost of tunneling a small-turning tunnel is greatly reduced, the cutter changing times are reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, and the hob mounting structure has high popularization and application values.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hob ring in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an edge hob in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an edge hob in the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rock breaking path of an edge hob in the embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the working state of the cutter ring of the spiral hobbing cutter set in the embodiment.
In the figure, the reference numeral 1 represents a connecting bolt, the reference numeral 2 represents an O-shaped sealing ring, the reference numeral 3 represents an upper end cover, the reference numeral 4 represents an oil plug, the reference numeral 5 represents a seal, the reference numeral 6 represents a cutter hub, the reference numeral 7 represents a retainer ring, the reference numeral 8 represents a deflecting cutter ring, the reference numeral 9 represents an O-shaped ring, the reference numeral 10 represents a bearing outer ring, the reference numeral 11 represents a spacer ring, the reference numeral 12 represents a bearing inner ring, the reference numeral 13 represents a lower end cover, the reference numeral 14 represents a rock surface to be broken, and the reference numeral 15.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical solutions, and embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail by way of preferred examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The existing cutter ring is uneven in stress in a tunnel with a small turning radius, easy to eccentrically wear and lose efficacy, short in service life and incapable of meeting the actual use requirement; the new cutter ring is processed in a conventional mode, a high-precision numerical control lathe is needed, the cost is high, and the processing period is long; the hob structure change can cause the cutter head of the shield machine/TBM to change, and the existing shield machine/TBM needs to be changed, so that the cost and the construction period are increased. To this end, referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an edge hob adapted to a small turning radius of a tunnel, including: the cutter ring 8 is connected with the cutter hub 6, and the left and right displacement of the cutter ring 8 is limited by the retainer ring 7 arranged on the cutter hub 6; the hob ring of the hob ring 8 comprises a hob ring body in an annular structure, as shown in fig. 1, an included angle a is formed between the center line of the hob ring body and a vertical plane towards one side of the center of the hob disc, an included angle b is formed between the outer side of the hob ring body and the vertical plane, and the included angle a is larger than b, so that a deflection hob ring structure is formed, and the center line of the cutting edge of the deflection hob ring and the center line of the whole hob of the central hob are deflected by an angle a.
Aiming at the tunnel with small turning radius, in the embodiment of the invention, the cutter ring structure is improved, so that the stress direction of the cutting edge of the cutter ring is ensured to be consistent with the cutting edge direction in the turning process, and the hob is not easy to generate eccentric wear; the hob takes a 'sine' route to cut the rock when the rock is broken as shown in figure 4, and the radiation range of the hob ring is enlarged when the rock is broken; along with the turning, the cutter ring can not move according to the original 'sine' track, so that the energy loss is avoided. The hob mounting structure can be unchanged, the original cutterhead is not required to be modified, the assembly and fixation of the deflecting cutter ring can be realized, the adaptability is strong, the cost can be saved, and the efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, two side end faces of the cutter ring body with the annular structure are respectively washed, disinfected and turned to form a structure which is parallel to each other and forms an included angle a with the vertical plane. Furthermore, the size of the included angle a is set according to the turning radius of the tunnel. The smaller the turning radius is, the larger the angle is; the larger the turning radius, the smaller the angle. After the cutting edge of the cutter ring deflects, the deflection position is stressed more greatly, the base body is thicker, part of stress can be offset, the cutter ring stress is ensured to be close to the left and right consistency, and the cutter ring is prevented from being damaged due to eccentric wear of the cutter ring caused by overlarge stress on one side.
As the central hob in the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of edge hobs are further installed in parallel in a cutter box of the shield machine, the cutting edges of the cutter ring of each central hob are in the same deflection direction, and an included angle a is formed between the cutter box of each hob and a rock to be broken. The hob can be connected into a thread hob group according to the excavation diameter, and the thread hob group is easier to break to generate cracks.
The edge hob in the embodiment of the invention can be used as a sine cutting hob and is installed in a conventional central hob without improving the existing hob installation part. As shown in figures 4 and 5, when the spiral cutting device is used, a plurality of sine cutting hobs are connected in parallel and are positioned at the center of a cutter disc of the shield machine, the cutting edges of the hobs are in the same deflection direction to form a thread hob group, and cutter rings of the sine cutting hobs assist each other to form thread rock breaking.
As an edge hob in the embodiment of the present invention, further, the end cover includes an upper end cover 3 and a lower end cover 13; an annular cavity for mounting the cutter hub 6 and the bearing is arranged between the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the cutter hub 6 and the bearing are sequentially fixed in the annular cavity; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are connected and fastened through a connecting bolt 1. Further, an O-shaped sealing ring 2 is arranged between the upper end cover and the lower end cover. Further, the bearing ring comprises a bearing inner ring 12 and a bearing outer ring 10, the bearing outer ring 10 is fixed between the cutter hub 6 and the bearing, and the bearing inner ring 12 is fixed between the bearing and the lower end cover 13. Furthermore, a seal 5 is arranged among the bearing outer ring 10, the hub and the end cover, an O-shaped ring 9 is arranged between the hub and the bearing outer ring 10, and a space ring 11 is arranged between the bearing inner rings 12; the oil plug 4 is arranged on the upper end cover 3. Through the structure, the installation and positioning among all the parts are ensured, and the hob is good in sealing performance and can be sleeved detachably.
In the embodiment of the invention, the stress direction of the cutting edge of the cutter ring is consistent with the cutting edge direction in the turning process by controlling the deflection angle of the cutting edge of the cutter ring, so that the eccentric wear caused by uneven stress of the hob can be prevented; the novel cutter ring can be machined by a common lathe through machining by the aid of the tool structure, so that machining cost and time are saved; the original installation structure of the hob can be unchanged, the original cutter head does not need to be transformed, the device can adapt to factory and old shield/TBM, the adaptability is strong, and the device can be assembled and fixed in a targeted manner according to different turning radii.
Based on the hob ring, the embodiment of the invention also provides a rock breaking method, wherein at least one hob is installed in the shield machine tool box, and the hob ring of the hob adopts the structure of the edge hob ring; in the construction process, the hob is pressed on the surface of the rock, the hob is moved, and the cutter ring forms a sine cutting route on the rock, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the radiation range is enlarged when the rock is broken by the hob cutter ring; along with the turning, the cutter ring can not move according to the original 'sine' track, so that the energy loss is avoided, and the construction quality and efficiency are improved.
The term "and/or" herein means that three relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of this application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not necessarily denote a limitation of quantity. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, however, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the specific embodiments described above and various combinations of the technical features and structures proposed by the present invention may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an edge hobbing cutter ring, contains the cutter ring body that is the loop configuration, its characterized in that, cutter ring body central line is contained angle a towards cutter head center one side and vertical plane, and the cutter ring body outside is contained angle b setting with vertical plane, and contained angle a is greater than b to form the sword ring structure of cutting off the edge.
2. The edge hob ring according to claim 1, wherein the two outer side surfaces of the ring body are respectively washed, cleaned and turned to form a structure which is parallel to each other and forms an included angle b with a vertical plane.
3. The edge hob ring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in, that the included angle a is set according to the tunnel turning radius.
4. An edge hob suitable for a tunnel with a small turning radius comprises a cutter ring, a cutter hub, a bearing ring, a retainer ring and an end cover, and is characterized in that the cutter ring is connected with the cutter hub, the left and right displacement of the cutter ring is limited by the retainer ring arranged on the cutter hub, and the cutter ring adopts the edge hob of the edge hob according to any one of claims 1 to 3, so that the central line of the cutting edge of the deflection cutter ring and the central line of the whole cutter of the central hob deflect by an angle a.
5. The edge hob for adapting to a small turning radius of a tunnel according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of edge hobs are installed in parallel in a cutter box of a shield machine, and the cutting edge of the cutter ring of each edge hob is inclined in the same direction, so that the cutter box of each edge hob forms an included angle a with a rock to be broken.
6. The tunnel tight turning radius edge roller cutter of claim 5, wherein a plurality of edge roller cutters mounted in parallel form a thread-type cutter set.
7. The tunnel tight-turning radius edge hob according to claim 4, wherein the end caps comprise an upper end cap and a lower end cap; an annular cavity for mounting the cutter hub and the bearing is arranged between the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the cutter hub and the bearing are sequentially fixed in the annular cavity; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are connected and fastened through a connecting bolt.
8. The tunnel tight turning radius edge roller cutter of claim 7, wherein the bearing race comprises an inner bearing race and an outer bearing race, the outer bearing race being secured between the cutter hub and the bearing, the inner bearing race being secured between the bearing and the lower end cap.
9. The edge hob for adapting to small turning radius of tunnels according to claim 8, wherein an O-ring is further provided between the upper end cover and the lower end cover; seals are arranged among the bearing outer ring, the hub and the end cover, an O-shaped ring is arranged between the hub and the bearing outer ring, and a space ring is arranged between the bearing inner rings; the oil plug is arranged on the upper end cover.
10. A small turning radius rock breaking method for a tunnel is characterized in that at least one hob is installed in a cutter box of a shield machine, and a cutter ring of the hob adopts the structure of the edge hob cutter ring according to any one of claims 1 to 3; in the construction process, the hob is pressed on the surface of the rock, the hob is moved, and the cutter ring forms a sine cutting route on the rock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010875109.5A CN112031799A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Edge hob cutter ring, edge hob comprising same and rock breaking method using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010875109.5A CN112031799A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Edge hob cutter ring, edge hob comprising same and rock breaking method using same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112031799A true CN112031799A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
Family
ID=73580139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010875109.5A Pending CN112031799A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Edge hob cutter ring, edge hob comprising same and rock breaking method using same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112031799A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113153332A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-07-23 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Cutter head capable of adjusting balance of hob |
| CN113356875A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | Design method for eliminating lateral force and reducing abrasion of TBM hob |
-
2020
- 2020-08-27 CN CN202010875109.5A patent/CN112031799A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113153332A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-07-23 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Cutter head capable of adjusting balance of hob |
| CN113356875A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | Design method for eliminating lateral force and reducing abrasion of TBM hob |
| CN113356875B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-07-22 | 西南交通大学 | Design method for eliminating lateral force and reducing abrasion of TBM hob |
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