CN112028697A - Process for preventing and controlling caking of compound fertilizer - Google Patents
Process for preventing and controlling caking of compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028697A CN112028697A CN202010767738.6A CN202010767738A CN112028697A CN 112028697 A CN112028697 A CN 112028697A CN 202010767738 A CN202010767738 A CN 202010767738A CN 112028697 A CN112028697 A CN 112028697A
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- compound fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material; s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, spraying the granulated material on liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid after passing through a tubular reactor, drying, cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles; and S3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate granules, then coating the coating powder, cooling and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer prepared by the invention has good anti-caking performance by combining a proper process with a proper formula, coating oil and coating powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer.
Background
The compound fertilizer is a chemical fertilizer containing two or more nutrient elements, has the advantages of high nutrient content, few side components, good physical properties and the like, and plays an important role in balancing fertilization, improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and promoting the high and stable yield of crops.
At present, the caking of the compound fertilizer is an important subject to be solved urgently by a plurality of fertilizer manufacturers, the caking of the compound fertilizer is a natural phenomenon, and the caking of the compound fertilizer is mainly caused by the following reasons: 1 water content of the product, 2 packaging temperature, 3 storage pressure, 4 storage time, 5 particle shape, 6 particle uniformity and hardness, and 7 particle impurity composition and content.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a process for preventing and controlling the caking of the compound fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer prepared by the invention has good anti-caking performance by combining a proper formula, coating oil and coating powder through a proper process.
The invention provides a process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material;
s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, spraying the granulated material on liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid after passing through a tubular reactor, drying, cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles;
and S3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate granules, then coating the coating powder, cooling and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, in S1, the inorganic fertilizer raw material of the granulated material comprises, in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of urea, 2-6 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 43-46 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-3 parts of potassium silicate, 1-3 parts of calcium chloride and 1-3 parts of magnesium chloride.
Preferably, in S3, the coating oil is palm oil, paraffin, and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, wherein the weight ratio of palm oil, paraffin, and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is 100: 1-2: 3-5.
Preferably, in S3, the coating powder is hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite, and nano-silica, wherein the weight ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite, and nano-silica is 1: 1-2: 0.1-0.3.
Preferably, in S2, the weight ratio of the granulating material, liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid is 80-90: 5-8: 5-12.
Preferably, in S3, the weight ratio of the intermediate granules, the coating oil and the coating powder is 100: 0.1-0.15: 0.25-0.35.
Preferably, in S2, the vapor pressure is 0.3-0.4MPa and the liquid ammonia pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa when spraying.
Preferably, in S2, drying is performed using a dryer, where the dryer inlet temperature is 200-250 ℃ and the dryer outlet temperature is 70-90 ℃.
Preferably, in S2, the mass fraction of dilute sulfuric acid is 40-45%.
Preferably, in S2, the intermediate particles have a particle size of 80 to 100 mesh.
Preferably, in S3, the particle size of the compound fertilizer is 40-60 mesh.
The invention adopts the ammonia acid method for granulation, and adjusts the steam pressure and the liquid ammonia pressure during spraying, thereby improving the granulation temperature, reducing the steam consumption, reducing the water content, and then drying and matching with proper drying temperature, further reducing the water content, and further improving the anti-caking performance of the compound fertilizer; the intermediate particles are smooth through the ammonia-acid rotary drum granulation, the contact surfaces among the particles are reduced, the uniformity of the particles is improved through three-time screening, the contact surfaces among the particles are further reduced, and the anti-caking performance of the compound fertilizer is further improved; finally, a two-stage coating method is adopted, coating oil is firstly used for coating the surfaces of the particles, and then coating powder is used for coating again, so that mutual connection among the particles is thoroughly prevented, and the anti-caking performance of the compound fertilizer is improved; palm oil, paraffin and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether are selected as coating oil, hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite and nano silicon dioxide are selected as coating powder, and the mutual matching can further increase the anti-caking performance of the compound fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material;
s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, spraying the granulated material on liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid after passing through a tubular reactor, drying, cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles;
and S3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate granules, then coating the coating powder, cooling and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Example 2
A process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material, wherein the inorganic fertilizer raw materials of the granulated material comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of urea, 6 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 43 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3 parts of potassium silicate, 1 part of calcium chloride and 3 parts of magnesium chloride;
s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, then, after liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 40% are fed into a tubular reactor, adjusting the steam pressure to be 0.4MPa and the liquid ammonia pressure to be 0.6MPa, spraying the granulated material, drying by a dryer, wherein the inlet temperature of the dryer is 250 ℃, the outlet temperature of the dryer is 70 ℃, then, cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles with the particle size of 100 meshes, wherein the weight ratio of the granulated material to the liquid ammonia to the dilute sulfuric acid is 80: 8: 5;
s3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate particles, coating the coating powder, cooling, and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer with the particle size of 60 meshes, wherein the coating oil is palm oil, paraffin wax and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the paraffin wax to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is 100: 1: 5; the coating powder is hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite and nano silicon dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose to the zeolite to the nano silicon dioxide is 1: 1: 0.3; the weight ratio of the intermediate particles, the coating oil and the coating powder is 100: 0.1: 0.35.
example 3
A process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material, wherein the inorganic fertilizer raw materials of the granulated material comprise the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of urea, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 46 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1 part of potassium silicate, 3 parts of calcium chloride and 1 part of magnesium chloride;
s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, then, after liquid ammonia and 45% dilute sulfuric acid in mass percentage are fed into a tubular reactor, adjusting the steam pressure to be 0.3MPa and the liquid ammonia pressure to be 0.8MPa, spraying the granulated material, drying the granulated material by using a dryer, wherein the inlet temperature of the dryer is 200 ℃, the outlet temperature of the dryer is 90 ℃, cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles with the particle size of 80 meshes, wherein the weight ratio of the granulated material to the liquid ammonia to the dilute sulfuric acid is 90: 5: 12;
s3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate particles, coating the coating powder, cooling, and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer with the particle size of 40 meshes, wherein the coating oil is palm oil, paraffin wax and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the paraffin wax to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is 100: 2: 3; the coating powder is hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite and nano silicon dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose to the zeolite to the nano silicon dioxide is 1: 2: 0.1; the weight ratio of the intermediate particles, the coating oil and the coating powder is 100: 0.15: 0.25.
example 4
A process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material, wherein the inorganic fertilizer raw materials of the granulated material comprise the following components in parts by weight: 31 parts of urea, 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 44 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2.5 parts of potassium silicate, 1.5 parts of calcium chloride and 2.5 parts of magnesium chloride;
s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, then, after liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 41% are fed into a tubular reactor, adjusting the steam pressure to be 0.38MPa and the liquid ammonia pressure to be 0.65MPa, spraying the granulated material, drying by a dryer, wherein the inlet temperature of the dryer is 240 ℃, the outlet temperature of the dryer is 75 ℃, cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles with the particle size of 100 meshes, wherein the weight ratio of the granulated material to the liquid ammonia to the dilute sulfuric acid is 82: 7: 7;
s3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate particles, coating the coating powder, cooling, and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer with the particle size of 60 meshes, wherein the coating oil is palm oil, paraffin wax and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the paraffin wax to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is 100: 1.3: 4.5; the coating powder is hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite and nano silicon dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose to the zeolite to the nano silicon dioxide is 1: 1.2: 0.25; the weight ratio of the intermediate particles, the coating oil and the coating powder is 100: 0.11: 0.33.
example 5
A process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material, wherein the inorganic fertilizer raw materials of the granulated material comprise the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of urea, 4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 45 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium silicate, 2 parts of calcium chloride and 2 parts of magnesium chloride;
s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, then passing liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 42% through a tubular reactor, adjusting the steam pressure to be 0.35MPa and the liquid ammonia pressure to be 0.7MPa, spraying the granulated material, drying by a dryer, controlling the inlet temperature of the dryer to be 230 ℃ and the outlet temperature of the dryer to be 80 ℃, then cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles with the particle size of 80 meshes, wherein the weight ratio of the granulated material to the liquid ammonia to the dilute sulfuric acid is 85: 7: 10;
s3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate particles, coating the coating powder, cooling, and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer with the particle size of 40 meshes, wherein the coating oil is palm oil, paraffin wax and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the paraffin wax to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is 100: 1.5: 4; the coating powder is hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite and nano silicon dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose to the zeolite to the nano silicon dioxide is 1: 1.5: 0.2; the weight ratio of the intermediate particles, the coating oil and the coating powder is 100: 0.13: 0.3.
comparative example 1
A preparation method of a compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
and (2) uniformly mixing 32 parts of urea, 4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 45 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium silicate, 2 parts of calcium chloride and 2 parts of magnesium chloride, crushing and caking the mixture, and granulating the mixture in a disc granulator to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
mixing 32 parts of urea, 4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 45 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium silicate, 2 parts of calcium chloride and 2 parts of magnesium chloride uniformly, crushing and caking the mixture, granulating the mixture in a disc granulator to obtain intermediate particles, and coating the intermediate particles with coating oil and coating powder to obtain a compound fertilizer; the coating oil is palm oil, paraffin and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, wherein the weight ratio of the palm oil to the paraffin to the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is 100: 1.5: 4; the coating powder is hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite and nano silicon dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose to the zeolite to the nano silicon dioxide is 1: 1.5: 0.2; the weight ratio of the intermediate particles, the coating oil and the coating powder is 100: 0.13: 0.3 obtaining the compound fertilizer.
Test example 1
The caking rates of the compound fertilizers prepared in examples 2 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were measured, and the results are shown in the following table:
| grouping | Caking rate% |
| Example 2 | 80 |
| Example 3 | 86 |
| Example 4 | 82 |
| Example 5 | 89 |
| Comparative example 1 | 65 |
| Comparative example 2 | 70 |
As can be seen from the above table, the compound fertilizer prepared by the process of the invention has good anti-caking performance.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing and uniformly mixing inorganic fertilizer raw materials to obtain a granulated material;
s2, feeding the granulated material into a rotary drum granulator, spraying the granulated material on liquid ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid after passing through a tubular reactor, drying, cooling, and carrying out three-stage screening to obtain intermediate particles;
and S3, spraying coating oil on the intermediate granules, then coating the coating powder, cooling and packaging to obtain the compound fertilizer.
2. The process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the inorganic fertilizer raw materials of the granulated material comprise, in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of urea, 2-6 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 43-46 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-3 parts of potassium silicate, 1-3 parts of calcium chloride and 1-3 parts of magnesium chloride.
3. The process for preventing and controlling caking of compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in S3, the coating oil is palm oil, paraffin wax, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, wherein the weight ratio of palm oil, paraffin wax, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is 100: 1-2: 3-5.
4. The process for preventing and controlling agglomeration of a compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in S3, the coating powder is hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite or nano silica, wherein the weight ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose, zeolite and nano silica is 1: 1-2: 0.1-0.3.
5. The process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the weight ratio of the granulated material, the liquid ammonia and the dilute sulfuric acid in S2 is 80 to 90: 5-8: 5-12.
6. The process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the weight ratio of the intermediate granules, the coating oil and the coating powder in S3 is 100: 0.1-0.15: 0.25-0.35.
7. The process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in S2, the pressure of steam is 0.3 to 0.4MPa and the pressure of liquid ammonia is 0.6 to 0.8MPa when spraying; preferably, in S2, drying is performed using a dryer, where the dryer inlet temperature is 200-250 ℃ and the dryer outlet temperature is 70-90 ℃.
8. The process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the mass fraction of dilute sulfuric acid in S2 is 40 to 45%.
9. The process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the size of the intermediate granules in S2 is 80 to 100 mesh.
10. The process for preventing and controlling caking of a compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the particle size of the compound fertilizer in S3 is 40 to 60 mesh.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113999073A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-01 | 山西华鑫肥业股份有限公司 | Anti-caking process for nitro compound fertilizer |
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2020
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| CN101717289A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-02 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Method for producing Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium compound fertilizer by ammonia and acid tubular reactor |
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Application publication date: 20201204 |