CN112027040A - Propelling device for ocean passenger ship - Google Patents
Propelling device for ocean passenger ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN112027040A CN112027040A CN202010793814.0A CN202010793814A CN112027040A CN 112027040 A CN112027040 A CN 112027040A CN 202010793814 A CN202010793814 A CN 202010793814A CN 112027040 A CN112027040 A CN 112027040A
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- block
- groove
- wall
- flow guide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
- B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
- B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
- B63H1/14—Propellers
- B63H1/28—Other means for improving propeller efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a propelling device for an ocean passenger ship, which comprises a propeller barrel, a flow guide assembly and a driving assembly, wherein an inner flow guide cavity is formed in the propeller barrel, the flow guide assembly is arranged in the inner flow guide cavity, and the driving assembly is arranged at one end, close to the outer side of the flow guide assembly, of the propeller barrel. According to the invention, the first diversion trench and the auxiliary diversion cavity arranged at the top of the propeller barrel are arranged on the inner diversion cavity wall in the traditional propeller barrel, so that the water body can be diverted, the diverted water body can move towards the blades in a spiral shape, and the blades can be pushed by the water body to rotate, thus greatly reducing the power consumption of the ship.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a propelling device, in particular to a propelling device for an ocean passenger ship, and belongs to the technical field of ocean passenger ship accessories.
Background
An ocean-going passenger ship refers to a large passenger ship which sails in a line and at regular intervals on the ocean. The propulsion device of ocean-going passenger ship is a power equipment set for ensuring normal operation of ocean-going passenger ship, and a mechanical equipment for providing propulsion power and ensuring cruise of ocean-going passenger ship at a certain speed. The existing propulsion device for the ocean passenger ship mostly adopts a motor to drive a propeller to rotate, so that the ship is pushed to advance in water, the efficiency of the ship when the ship needs to stop cruising is slow, and when blades are in contact with still water, the resistance applied to the blades by a water body is large, so that the power consumption of the ship is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a propelling device for an ocean vessel, which effectively solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a propelling device for an ocean vessel, which comprises a propeller barrel, a flow guide assembly and a driving assembly, wherein an inner flow guide cavity is formed in the propeller barrel, the flow guide assembly is arranged in the inner flow guide cavity, the driving assembly is arranged at one end, close to the outer side of the flow guide assembly, of the propeller barrel, a plurality of first flow guide grooves are formed in the inner wall of the inner flow guide cavity, a plurality of first grooves are formed in the inner walls of the first flow guide grooves, one ends, close to the flow guide assembly, in the first grooves are hinged to a first speed reducing block through first hinges, two first sliding blocks are arranged at one ends, far away from the first hinges, of the first speed reducing block, the two first sliding blocks are fixedly connected with the side walls on the two sides of the first speed reducing block respectively, first sliding grooves are formed in the inner walls on the two sides of the first grooves and correspond to the first sliding blocks, and are matched with the first sliding, just first slider sliding connection is in the inside of first spout, first two seat wing ears of fixedly connected with on the inner wall that first speed reduction piece is close to first recess one side, the inside of first two seat wing ears articulates through first articulated shaft has first articulated piece, the other end of first articulated piece is provided with first pneumatic cylinder, correspond first pneumatic cylinder on the inner wall of first recess and seted up first scarf joint groove, first pneumatic cylinder scarf joint is in the inside of first scarf joint groove, just the flexible end of first pneumatic cylinder extend first scarf joint groove and with first articulated piece fixed connection.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one end of the propeller barrel, which is far away from the flow guide assembly, is provided with a plurality of auxiliary flow guide cavities, the auxiliary flow guide cavities are communicated with the flow guide assembly, the inner wall of each auxiliary flow guide cavity is provided with a plurality of second flow guide grooves, the inner walls of the plurality of second flow guide grooves are respectively provided with a plurality of second grooves, one ends, which are close to the flow guide assembly, in the second grooves are respectively articulated with a second speed reducing block through second hinges, one ends, which are far away from the second hinges, of the second speed reducing blocks are provided with two second sliding blocks, the two second sliding blocks are respectively and fixedly connected with the side walls on two sides of the second speed reducing block, the inner walls on two sides of the second grooves are provided with second sliding grooves corresponding to the second sliding blocks, the second sliding grooves are matched with the second sliding blocks, the second sliding blocks are slidably connected with the inner parts of the second sliding grooves, and the inner walls, which are close to one sides of the, the inside of the two wing ears of second articulates through the second articulated shaft has the articulated piece of second, the other end of the articulated piece of second is provided with the second pneumatic cylinder, correspond the second pneumatic cylinder on the inner wall of second recess and seted up second scarf joint groove, the second pneumatic cylinder scarf joint is in the inside of second scarf joint groove, just the flexible end of second pneumatic cylinder extends second scarf joint groove and articulates a fixed connection with the second.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the flow guide assembly consists of a connecting cover and a flow guide cover, the connecting cover is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the propeller barrel, the other end of the connecting cover is fixedly connected with a flow guide cover, the driving component consists of a motor, a fixed seat, a fixed block, a blade, a shunting block and a protective block, the outer wall of the periphery of the motor is fixedly connected with a fixed seat, the outer wall of the fixed seat is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the other end of the fixed block is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner flow guide cavity, the output shaft of the motor extends to the inner part of the flow guide cover and is fixedly connected with a plurality of blades, the paddle is arranged around the output shaft of the motor in a surrounding way, one end of the motor, which is far away from the paddle, is provided with a shunting block, and the shunting block is fixedly connected with the shell of the motor, and a plurality of protective blocks are arranged on the outer side wall of the middle position of the motor.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, a gate valve is disposed at one end of the inside of the auxiliary diversion cavity, which is close to the diversion assembly.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a liquid collecting groove is arranged at one end of the auxiliary flow guide cavity, which is far away from the flow guide assembly.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the shunting block is of a hemispherical structure, and the shunting block and the protection block are both made of zinc materials.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of the first guiding grooves are arranged in a cluster-like manner on the inner wall of the inner guiding cavity.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the plurality of second guiding grooves are arranged in a cluster-like manner on the inner wall of the auxiliary guiding cavity.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the propulsion device for the ocean passenger ship, the first diversion trench and the auxiliary diversion cavity formed in the top of the propeller barrel are formed in the inner diversion cavity wall in the traditional propeller barrel, so that the water body can be diverted, the diverted water body can move towards the blades in a spiral shape, the water body can push the blades to rotate, the power consumption of the ship is greatly reduced, on the other hand, when the ship needs to stop cruising, the hydraulic cylinder drives the speed reducing block, the speed reducing block can resist the water flow in the diversion cavity, the resistance generated by the water flow is increased, and the efficiency of stopping the ship can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the first guiding gutter in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a first reduction block and a first hydraulic cylinder according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a second guide groove in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the second reduction block and the second hydraulic cylinder in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a propeller barrel; 11. an inner diversion cavity; 111. a first diversion trench; 1111. a first groove; 1112. a first hinge; 1113. a first deceleration block; 1114. a first slider; 1115. a first chute; 1116. a first double-seat tab; 1117. a first hinge block; 1118. a first hinge shaft; 1119. a first hydraulic cylinder; 11110. a first scarf joint groove; 12. an auxiliary flow guide cavity; 121. a second guiding gutter; 1211. a second groove; 1212. a second hinge; 1213. a second deceleration block; 1214. a second slider; 1215. a second chute; 1216. a second double-seat tab; 1217. a second hinge block; 1218. a second hinge shaft; 1219. a second hydraulic cylinder; 12110. a second scarf joint groove; 122. a gate valve; 123. a liquid collecting tank; 2. a flow guide assembly; 21. a connecting cover; 22. a pod; 3. a drive assembly; 31. a motor; 32. a fixed seat; 33. a fixed block; 34. a paddle; 35. a shunting block; 36. and a protection block.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the propulsion device for the ocean going vessel of the invention comprises a propeller barrel 1, a guide assembly 2 and a driving assembly 3, wherein an inner guide cavity 11 is formed inside the propeller barrel 1, the guide assembly 2 is arranged inside the inner guide cavity 11, the driving assembly 3 is arranged at one end of the propeller barrel 1 close to the outer side of the guide assembly 2, a plurality of first guide grooves 111 are formed on the inner wall of the inner guide cavity 11, a plurality of first grooves 1111 are formed on the inner walls of the first guide grooves 111, one end of the first grooves 1111 close to the guide assembly 2 is hinged with a first decelerating block 1113 through a first hinge 1112, one end of the first decelerating block 1113 far away from the first hinge 1112 is provided with two first sliders 1114, and the two first sliders 1114 are respectively fixedly connected with the side walls at two sides of the first decelerating block 1113, first spout 1115 has been seted up to corresponding first slider 1114 on the inner wall of first recess 1111 both sides, first spout 1115 and first slider 1114 phase-match set up, just first slider 1114 sliding connection is in the inside of first spout 1115, first speed reduction piece 1113 is close to first double-seat wing ear 1116 of fixedly connected with on the inner wall of first recess 1111 one side, the inside of first double-seat wing ear 1116 articulates through first articulated shaft 1118 has first articulated piece 1117, the other end of first articulated piece 1117 is provided with first pneumatic cylinder 1119, correspond first pneumatic cylinder 1119 on the inner wall of first recess 1111 and seted up first scarf joint groove 11110, first pneumatic cylinder 1119 scarf joint is in the inside of first scarf joint groove 11110, just first pneumatic cylinder 1119's flexible end extends first scarf joint groove 11110 and with first articulated piece 1117 fixed connection.
The propeller barrel 1 is provided with a plurality of auxiliary flow guide cavities 12 at one end far away from the flow guide assembly 2, the auxiliary flow guide cavities 12 are communicated with the flow guide assembly 2, the inner wall of the auxiliary flow guide cavity 12 is provided with a plurality of second flow guide grooves 121, the inner walls of the plurality of second flow guide grooves 121 are provided with a plurality of second grooves 1211, one ends of the inner parts of the second grooves 1211, which are close to the flow guide assembly 2, are hinged to second decelerating blocks 1213 through second hinges 1212, one ends of the second decelerating blocks 1213, which are far away from the second hinges 1212, are provided with two second sliders 1214, the two second sliders 1214 are respectively and fixedly connected with the side walls at two sides of the second decelerating blocks 1213, the inner walls at two sides of the second grooves 1211 are provided with second chutes 1215 corresponding to the second sliders 1214, the second chutes 1215 are matched with the second sliders 1214, and the second sliders 1214 are slidably connected with the inner parts of the second chutes 1215, a second double-seat wing lug 1216 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second speed reducing block 1213 close to one side of the second groove 1211, a second hinge block 1217 is hinged to the inside of the second double-seat wing lug 1216 through a second hinge shaft 1218, a second hydraulic cylinder 1219 is arranged at the other end of the second hinge block 1217, a second scarf groove 12110 is formed in the inner wall of the second groove 1211 corresponding to the second hydraulic cylinder 1219, the second hydraulic cylinder 1219 is embedded in the second scarf groove 12110, and the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 1219 extends out of the second scarf groove 12110 and is fixedly connected with the second hinge block 1217.
The flow guide assembly 2 consists of a connecting cover 21 and a flow guide cover 22, the connecting cover 21 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the propeller barrel 1, the other end of the connecting cover 21 is fixedly connected with a guide cover 22, the driving component 3 consists of a motor 31, a fixed seat 32, a fixed block 33, a blade 34, a shunting block 35 and a protective block 36, a fixed seat 32 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the periphery of the motor 31, a fixed block 33 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed seat 32, the other end of the fixed block 33 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner diversion cavity 11, the output shaft of the motor 31 extends into the diversion cover 22 and is fixedly connected with a plurality of blades 34, the paddle 34 is arranged around the output shaft of the motor 31, one end of the motor 31 far away from the paddle 34 is provided with a shunting block 35, and the shunting block 35 is fixedly connected with the shell of the motor 31, and a plurality of protective blocks 36 are arranged on the outer side wall of the middle position of the motor 31.
The inside one end that is close to water conservancy diversion subassembly 2 of supplementary water conservancy diversion chamber 12 is provided with gate valve 122, can cut rivers for supplementary water conservancy diversion chamber 12 forms a section of thick bamboo structure, can increase the resistance of water to the ship, makes the ship only to shut down the navigation faster.
One end of the auxiliary diversion cavity 12, which is far away from the diversion assembly 2, is provided with a liquid gathering tank 123, which is convenient for gathering water.
The shunting block 35 is of a hemispherical structure, and the shunting block 35 and the protection block 36 are made of zinc materials, so that the driving assembly 3 can be effectively prevented from being rusted, and the service life of the driving assembly 3 is prolonged.
The first guide grooves 111 are arranged on the inner wall of the inner guide cavity 11 in a cluster shape, and when a water body passes through the first guide grooves 111, a spiral state can be formed to impact the blades 34, so that the blades 34 can be more energy-saving when rotating.
The plurality of second guiding gutters 121 are arranged in a cluster on the inner wall of the auxiliary guiding cavity 12, and the water body can impact the blades 34 in a spiral state when passing through the second guiding gutters 121, so that the blades 34 can be more energy-saving when rotating.
Specifically, when the marine propulsion system is used, the propulsion device is installed at a position below a stern waterline of an ocean-going passenger ship, the motor 31 obtains power to drive the paddle 34 to rotate, the paddle 34 can push water to the ship from the other end of the propeller barrel 1 when rotating, the ocean-going passenger ship is pushed to advance by using the reaction force of the water, the first diversion trench 111 inside the inner diversion cavity 11 and the second diversion trench 121 inside the auxiliary diversion cavity 12 are spirally distributed in a cluster shape, when the water passes through the inner diversion cavity 11 and the auxiliary diversion cavity 12 inside the propeller barrel 1, the water moves towards the paddle 34 along the first diversion trench 111 and the second diversion trench 121, in the moving process, the cluster shape generates acceleration on the water, so that the paddle 34 is pushed to rotate when the water moves towards the paddle 34, the power consumption of the ship can be reduced, when the ocean-going passenger ship needs to decelerate, the gate valve 122 is started to close, the water cannot flow from the auxiliary diversion cavity 12 to the inside of the diversion assembly 2, the inside of the auxiliary diversion cavity 12 forms a cavity, the resistance of the water to the ship is increased, and then the first and second grooves 1111 and 1211 where the first and second deceleration blocks 1113 and 1213 extend are driven by the hydraulic cylinder, the resistance of the water to the ship body can be further increased by the first and second deceleration blocks 1113 and 1213, so that the efficiency of the ship body deceleration is faster.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The propelling device for the ocean vessel is characterized by comprising a propeller barrel (1), a flow guide assembly (2) and a driving assembly (3), wherein an inner flow guide cavity (11) is formed in the propeller barrel (1), the flow guide assembly (2) is arranged in the inner flow guide cavity (11), the driving assembly (3) is arranged at one end, close to the outer side of the flow guide assembly (2), of the propeller barrel (1), a plurality of first flow guide grooves (111) are formed in the inner wall of the inner flow guide cavity (11), a plurality of first grooves (1111) are formed in the inner wall of each first flow guide groove (111), one end, close to the flow guide assembly (2), of each first groove (1111) is hinged to a first decelerating block (1113) through a first hinge (1112), and two first sliding blocks (1114) are arranged at one end, far away from the first hinge (1112), of each first decelerating block (1113), two first sliders (1114) are respectively fixedly connected with the side walls of two sides of a first deceleration block (1113), a first sliding groove (1115) is formed in the inner walls of two sides of a first groove (1111) corresponding to the first slider (1114), the first sliding groove (1115) is matched with the first slider (1114), the first slider (1114) is slidably connected in the first sliding groove (1115), the first deceleration block (1113) is fixedly connected with a first double-seat wing lug (1116) on the inner wall close to one side of the first groove (1111), the inside of the first double-seat wing lug (1116) is hinged to a first hinging block (1117) through a first hinging shaft (1118), the other end of the first hinging block (1117) is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder (1119), a first embedding groove (11110) is formed in the inner wall of the first groove (1111) corresponding to the first hydraulic cylinder (1119), and the first hydraulic cylinder (1119) is embedded in the inside of the first embedding groove (11110), and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder (1119) extends out of the first scarf joint groove (11110) and is fixedly connected with the first hinge block (1117).
2. The propelling device for the ocean vessel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of auxiliary diversion cavities (12) are formed in one end of the propeller barrel (1) far away from the diversion assembly (2), the auxiliary diversion cavities (12) are communicated with the diversion assembly (2), a plurality of second diversion grooves (121) are formed in the inner wall of the auxiliary diversion cavities (12), a plurality of second grooves (1211) are formed in the inner wall of each second diversion groove (121), one end of each second groove (1211) close to the diversion assembly (2) is hinged to a second speed reducing block (1213) through a second hinge (1212), two second sliding blocks (1214) are arranged at one end of each second speed reducing block (1213) far away from the second hinge (1212), and the two second sliding blocks (1214) are respectively and fixedly connected with the side walls on two sides of the second speed reducing block (1213), the inner walls of the two sides of the second groove (1211) are provided with second sliding chutes (1215) corresponding to the second sliding blocks (1214), the second sliding chutes (1215) are matched with the second sliding blocks (1214), the second sliding block (1214) is connected inside the second sliding groove (1215) in a sliding way, the inner wall of the second speed reducing block (1213) close to one side of the second groove (1211) is fixedly connected with a second double-seat wing lug (1216), the interior of the second double winged ear (1216) is articulated with a second articulation block (1217) by means of a second articulation axis (1218), the other end of the second hinge block (1217) is provided with a second hydraulic cylinder (1219), a second scarfing groove (12110) is arranged on the inner wall of the second groove (1211) corresponding to the second hydraulic cylinder (1219), the second hydraulic cylinder (1219) is embedded inside the second embedding groove (12110), and the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder (1219) extends out of a second scarfing groove (12110) and is fixedly connected with a second hinge block (1217).
3. The propelling device for the ocean vessel according to claim 2, wherein the flow guiding component (2) consists of a connecting cover (21) and a flow guiding cover (22), the connecting cover (21) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the propeller barrel (1), the other end of the connecting cover (21) is fixedly connected with the flow guiding cover (22), the driving component (3) consists of a motor (31), a fixed seat (32), a fixed block (33), blades (34), a flow dividing block (35) and a protection block (36), the fixed seat (32) is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the periphery of the motor (31), the fixed block (33) is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the fixed seat (32), the other end of the fixed block (33) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner flow guiding cavity (11), the output shaft of the motor (31) extends to the inside of the flow guiding cover (22) and is fixedly connected with a plurality of blades (34), the propeller blade (34) encircles the setting around the output shaft of motor (31), the one end that propeller blade (34) were kept away from in motor (31) is provided with shunting block (35), just shunting block (35) and the shell fixed connection of motor (31), be provided with a plurality of protection piece (36) on the lateral wall of motor (31) intermediate position.
4. A propulsion device for an ocean-going vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the interior of the auxiliary diversion chamber (12) near the diversion assembly (2) is provided with a gate valve (122).
5. A propulsion unit for an ocean-going vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the auxiliary diversion cavity (12) remote from the diversion assembly (2) is provided with a liquid collecting tank (123).
6. A propulsion device according to claim 3, characterised in that said diverter block (35) is of hemispherical configuration and that said diverter block (35) and said guard block (36) are made of zinc.
7. The propulsion device for ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, wherein the first guiding gutters (111) are arranged in a cluster-like array on the inner wall of the inner guiding cavity (11).
8. A propulsion device for ocean-going vessels according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of second guiding gutters (121) are arranged in a cluster-like row on the inner wall of the auxiliary guiding chamber (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010793814.0A CN112027040B (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Propelling device for ocean passenger ship |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010793814.0A CN112027040B (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Propelling device for ocean passenger ship |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112027040A true CN112027040A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
| CN112027040B CN112027040B (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010793814.0A Active CN112027040B (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Propelling device for ocean passenger ship |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5027290A (en) * | 1973-05-08 | 1975-03-20 | ||
| JPH0999896A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-04-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Water jet propulsion unit |
| US6827616B2 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2004-12-07 | Paulette Renee Burg | Waterjet propulsor enhancements |
| CN201016028Y (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2008-02-06 | 智点科技股份有限公司 | Inject fluid beaming thruster |
| CN102267554A (en) * | 2010-05-30 | 2011-12-07 | 孙志伟 | Water-spraying flow-mixing propelling body of ship |
-
2020
- 2020-08-10 CN CN202010793814.0A patent/CN112027040B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5027290A (en) * | 1973-05-08 | 1975-03-20 | ||
| JPH0999896A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-04-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Water jet propulsion unit |
| US6827616B2 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2004-12-07 | Paulette Renee Burg | Waterjet propulsor enhancements |
| CN201016028Y (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2008-02-06 | 智点科技股份有限公司 | Inject fluid beaming thruster |
| CN102267554A (en) * | 2010-05-30 | 2011-12-07 | 孙志伟 | Water-spraying flow-mixing propelling body of ship |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨卫国等: "前置导叶喷水推进轴流泵设计方法", 《舰船科学技术》 * |
| 黄胜: "《船舶推进节能技术与特种推进器 第2板》", 31 October 2007, 哈尔滨工程大学出版社 * |
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