CN112026282A - 一种tsp人工粘土防渗毯及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种tsp人工粘土防渗毯及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN112026282A
CN112026282A CN202010804388.6A CN202010804388A CN112026282A CN 112026282 A CN112026282 A CN 112026282A CN 202010804388 A CN202010804388 A CN 202010804388A CN 112026282 A CN112026282 A CN 112026282A
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tsp
fabric
artificial clay
clay layer
blanket
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刘宁
甘宇宁
李友强
蒋众喜
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Shanghai Shengyi Environment Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及建筑防水材料技术领域，本发明的TSP人工粘土防渗毯，包括底层织物、低渗透改性粘土层和表层织物；底层织物为编织土工布织物；低渗透改性粘土层为级配碎石、钠基膨润土、丙烯酸酯胶粘剂的混合物；表层织物为非织造土工布织物。本发明的防渗毯的制作方法，包括：步骤1利用破碎机对骨料进行粉碎处理；步骤2将改性环氧树脂、改性酚醛树脂、活性炭颗粒按比例混合搅拌；步骤3将骨料、钠基膨润土、疏水性有机材料按配比进行充分混合，得到TSP人工粘土层，步骤4将TSP人工粘土层均匀的铺撒在底层织物上，制成防渗毯。该发明制作简单，适用于多种复杂、恶劣的水质环境工程防水领域，便于使用。

Description

一种TSP人工粘土防渗毯及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑防水材料技术领域，具体为一种TSP人工粘土防渗毯及其制造方法。
背景技术
TSP(Total Suspended Particulate)即总悬浮微粒，又称总悬浮颗粒物。近年来，以钠基膨润土为主要原料生产的膨润土防水毯已经成为含TSP废水重要的防渗材料。由于膨润土中的主要矿物蒙脱石具有良好的膨胀性、吸水性、粘结性、离子交换性等物理化学特性，其遇水时可吸附自身重量几十倍的水，吸水后体积可增大数十倍，在施工过程中通过上部覆盖物的压力将其限定在有限空间里从而形成致密凝胶体，起到阻隔水渗透的作用，其渗透系数通常可以低至9-10cm/s。
但是，现有的普通钠基膨润土防水毯较难在复杂的水质环境中发挥较好的防水效果，特别是在固废填埋场中强酸、强碱或其他有机溶剂等环境，使钠基膨润土丧失应有的特性，满足不了防渗要求；同时，普通钠基膨润土防渗毯主要防水材料基本为薄层膨润土，其有效厚度约为7-8mm，导致膨润土毯的整体结构强度低，抗穿刺能力较差，因此，开发一种抗恶劣水质环境，抗穿刺能力强，施工方便操作简单的防渗毯成为工程技术的当务之急。鉴于此，我们提出一种TSP人工粘土防渗毯及其制造方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种TSP人工粘土防渗毯及其制造方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种TSP人工粘土防渗毯，所述防渗毯包括：底层织物、TSP人工粘土层和表层织物，所述TSP人工粘土层通过针剌工艺编织在表层织物和底层织物之间；
所述底层织物为编织土工布织物；
所述TSP人工粘土层为骨料、钠基膨润土、疏水性有机材料的混合物；
所述表层织物为非织造土工布织物。
优选的，所述骨料为碎石、细砂、陶瓷颗粒中的一种或多种；
所述疏水性有机材料为改性环氧树脂、改性酚醛树脂、活性炭颗粒的混合物。
一种防渗毯的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：利用破碎机对所述骨料进行粉碎处理，使得骨料的粒径介于0.05mm和0.3mm之间；
步骤2：将所述改性环氧树脂、改性酚醛树脂、活性炭颗粒按质量百分比1：1：3进行混合搅拌，以此得到疏水性有机材料；
步骤3：将所述骨料、钠基膨润土、疏水性有机材料按配比进行充分混合，得到TSP人工粘土层，其中，骨料占比70-80％；钠基膨润土占比20-30％；疏水性有机材料占比0.05-0.08％；
步骤4：将所述TSP人工粘土层均匀的铺撒在底层织物上，在所述TSP人工粘土层的上层平铺一表层织物，并采用针刺法将所述TSP人工粘土层编织在所述底层织物与表层织物之间，制成防渗毯。
优选的，步骤3中，钠基膨润土的膨胀指数不小于12.5ml/g。
优选的，步骤4中，TSP人工粘土层铺撒的单位面积质量为32kg-36kg/m2。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1.该TSP人工粘土防渗毯，采用骨料、钠基膨润土和疏水性有机材料充分混合作为TSP人工粘土层材料，具有渗透性极低、抗穿刺能力强等效果，适用于多种复杂、恶劣的水质环境工程防水领域，便于使用。。
2.该防渗毯的制造方法，制作过程简单，取材方便，成本较低，节省人力和物力。
附图说明
图1为本发明的防渗阻隔毯横切面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种TSP人工粘土防渗毯，如图1所示，防渗毯包括：底层织物、TSP人工粘土层和表层织物，TSP人工粘土层通过针剌工艺编织在表层织物和底层织物之间；底层织物为编织土工布织物；TSP人工粘土层为骨料、钠基膨润土、疏水性有机材料的混合物；表层织物为非织造土工布织物，疏水性有机材料为改性环氧树脂、改性酚醛树脂、活性炭颗粒的混合物，本实施例中，采用骨料、钠基膨润土和疏水性有机材料充分混合作为TSP人工粘土层材料，且疏水性有机材料采用改性环氧树脂和改性酚醛树脂，具有良好的吸水效果，将吸收的水分锁止在化学键网络力，形成一种强有力的、稠密的蛛网式水凝胶结构，防止钠基膨润土颗粒与污水中的离子发生反应，进而形成性能卓越、渗透性极低、抗穿刺能力强的新型复合防渗材料，且活性炭颗粒能吸附水中的杂质，具有一定的过滤效果，因此，该防渗阻隔毯可应用于多种复杂、恶劣的水质环境工程防水领域，便于使用。
值得说明的是，骨料为碎石、细砂、陶瓷颗粒中的一种或多种。
实施例2
一种防渗毯的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：利用破碎机对骨料进行粉碎处理，使得骨料的粒径介于0.05mm和0.3mm之间；
步骤2：将改性环氧树脂、改性酚醛树脂、活性炭颗粒按质量百分比1：1：3进行混合搅拌，以此得到疏水性有机材料；
步骤3：将骨料、钠基膨润土、疏水性有机材料按配比进行充分混合，得到TSP人工粘土层，其中，骨料占比70-80％；钠基膨润土占比20-30％；疏水性有机材料占比0.05-0.08％；
步骤4：将TSP人工粘土层均匀的铺撒在底层织物上，在TSP人工粘土层的上层平铺一表层织物，并采用针刺法将TSP人工粘土层编织在底层织物与表层织物之间，制成防渗毯。
本实施例中，步骤3中，钠基膨润土的膨胀指数不小于12.5ml/g。
步骤4中，TSP人工粘土层铺撒的单位面积质量为32kg-36kg/m2。
本实施例中，该防渗毯的制造方法根据上述的步骤及原材料的配比要求进行调制，制作过程简单，取材方便，成本较低，节省人力和物力，便于普及和推广。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的仅为本发明的优选例，并不用来限制本发明，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (5)

1.一种TSP人工粘土防渗毯，其特征在于，所述防渗毯包括：底层织物、TSP人工粘土层和表层织物，所述TSP人工粘土层通过针剌工艺编织在表层织物和底层织物之间；
所述底层织物为编织土工布织物；
所述TSP人工粘土层为骨料、钠基膨润土、疏水性有机材料的混合物；
所述表层织物为非织造土工布织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的TSP人工粘土防渗毯的制造方法，其特征在于：
所述骨料为碎石、细砂、陶瓷颗粒中的一种或多种；
所述疏水性有机材料为改性环氧树脂、改性酚醛树脂、活性炭颗粒的混合物。
3.一种防渗毯的制造方法，用于制作权利要求1-2任一所述的防渗毯，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：利用破碎机对所述骨料进行粉碎处理，使得骨料的粒径介于0.05mm和0.3mm之间；
步骤2：将所述改性环氧树脂、改性酚醛树脂、活性炭颗粒按质量百分比1：1：3进行混合搅拌，以此得到疏水性有机材料；
步骤3：将所述骨料、钠基膨润土、疏水性有机材料按配比进行充分混合，得到TSP人工粘土层，其中，骨料占比70-80％；钠基膨润土占比20-30％；疏水性有机材料占比0.05-0.08％；
步骤4：将所述TSP人工粘土层均匀的铺撒在底层织物上，在所述TSP人工粘土层的上层平铺一表层织物，并采用针刺法将所述TSP人工粘土层编织在所述底层织物与表层织物之间，制成防渗毯。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制造方法，其特征在于：步骤3中，钠基膨润土的膨胀指数不小于12.5ml/g。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制造方法，其特征在于：步骤4中，TSP人工粘土层铺撒的单位面积质量为32kg-36kg/m2。
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