CN112021469A - Nutritional feeding method for improving sternal calcification degree of white duck - Google Patents
Nutritional feeding method for improving sternal calcification degree of white duck Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient feed for improving sternal calcification of white duck and a feeding method, wherein the feed raw materials comprise a manganese sulfate preparation with the addition amount of 0.15-0.24% and soybean meal, and the soybean meal accounts for 2.0-8.0% of the total weight of the feed raw materials. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the white duck bred by the method can obviously improve the sternum calcification degree of the white duck on the premise of improving the growth performance, increases the formation of chondroitin sulfate by adding a proper amount of manganese sulfate preparation, promotes the bone forming effect of meat duck bones, and improves the breeding cost by reducing the usage amount of soybean meal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of livestock and poultry feed nutrition, in particular to a nutriology feeding method for improving the sternum calcification degree of white duck.
Background
The peking ducks are main meat duck breeding varieties in southwest areas of China, the slaughtering time of the peking ducks is about 50 days generally, the weight can reach 5.5 jin, and the peking ducks are popular in consumer groups in southwest areas due to unique duck meat flavor, but in the process of breeding the peking ducks, due to the lack of the addition of a manganese sulfate preparation or the unreasonable addition of the manganese sulfate preparation, the length of the gritty cartilage of the chest is too long (the calcification degree of the sternum is low), so that the situations of low calcification degree of the sternum, incomplete growth and the like occur.
In the breeding process of the hanging white duck, the sternum calcification degree is related to the content of manganese element, the manganese element plays an important role in the bone development of the meat duck, the manganese element participates in the formation of chondroitin sulfate in an animal body, the chondroitin sulfate is a component of organic matrix mucopolysaccharide, the in-vivo osteogenesis effect is seriously influenced by the synthesis blockage of the chondroitin sulfate, so that the deposition of bone calcium of the animal body can be influenced, manganese sulfate can promote the duck bone calcification (Shanglixin, 2014), but the research so far only provides a proper adding range of the manganese element in the breeding process of the meat duck: 40-100mg/kg (Zhao Bi Shi, Zhou' an, 2011), besides, there is also important relation between the addition of manganese element and the variety of duck, for example, the optimum addition of manganese in the Beijing duck breeding process is 40mg/kg (Robert, 1995), the optimum addition of manganese in the Muscovy duck breeding process is 160mg/kg (Hushou le, Linfan Ping, 1990), but the specific addition of manganese element in the white hanging duck breeding process is not reported at present; the energy and protein levels of the daily feed are related to the growth and development conditions of poultry and feathers, the energy level of 2900Kcal/kg (Yang Jingji, 1992) and the addition amount of 20% of soybean meal (Wang bright, 2003) are mostly adopted for the daily feed of meat ducks, so that the situations that the feed cost is high and the culture economic benefit is reduced in the meat duck culture process are caused, the reasonable optimization of the composition of the daily feed raw materials can ensure the normal growth and development conditions of poultry and feathers on the basis of reducing the energy and protein levels of the daily feed ( tree building, 2019), and researches show that the use of rice bran can improve the growth performance of meat ducks and promote the growth and feathers of the meat ducks (Jinlingmei, 2000).
Therefore, by adjusting the nutrient components in the white duck feed and combining a reasonable feeding limiting method, the sternum calcification and feather development conditions are improved in a targeted manner on the premise of ensuring the growth performance, and the method has important significance for promoting the continuous development of white duck breeding industry in the southwest of China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the efficient feed and the feeding method for improving the sternum calcification degree on the premise of ensuring the growth performance and the feather development condition of the white duck.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a high-efficiency feed for improving the sternum calcification degree of white duck, the feed raw materials comprise soybean meal, and the soybean meal accounts for 2.0-8.0% of the total weight of the feed raw materials, preferably, the soybean meal accounts for 2.0-4.0% of the total weight of the feed raw materials.
The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of corn 395-.
The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of corn 395-.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of mountain flour, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 20 parts of premix.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 17 parts of corn protein powder, 13 parts of stone powder, 8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 20 parts of premix.
The feed raw materials also comprise an additional manganese sulfate preparation which is additionally added and has the addition amount of 0.15-0.24% (the additional manganese sulfate preparation is additionally added, and the premix also contains manganese elements with conventional dosage)
The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of corn 395-one, 95-105 parts of corn DDGS, 15-35 parts of wheat bran, 48-54 parts of flour, 7-15 parts of soybean oil, 25-75 parts of bean pulp, 60-80 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-25 parts of rapeseed meal, 65-155 parts of rice bran, 46-57 parts of rapeseed cakes, 8-25 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 18-24 parts of white spirit vinasse, 15-25 parts of corn protein powder, 12-19 parts of stone powder, 6-15 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15-24 parts of premix and 1.5-2.3 parts of additional manganese sulfate preparation.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of corn 395-one, 95-105 parts of corn DDGS, 15-35 parts of wheat bran, 48-54 parts of flour, 7-15 parts of soybean oil, 25-35 parts of bean pulp, 60-80 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-25 parts of rapeseed meal, 65-155 parts of rice bran, 46-57 parts of rapeseed cakes, 8-25 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 18-24 parts of white spirit vinasse, 15-25 parts of corn protein powder, 12-19 parts of stone powder, 6-15 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15-24 parts of premix and 1.5-2.3 parts of additional manganese sulfate preparation.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 17 parts of corn protein powder, 15 parts of stone powder, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 70 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 15 parts of stone powder, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 430 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 190 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 13 parts of soybean oil, 70 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 70 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 25 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 15 parts of mountain flour, 8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of additional manganese sulfate preparation.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of stone powder, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 26 parts of soybean meal, 74 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of stone powder, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
Preferably, the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 33 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of stone powder, 10 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
Wherein the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
In order to better achieve the aim of the invention, the invention also provides a breeding method for improving the sternal calcification of the white duck, which comprises the following steps:
(1) when the white ducks are 1-31 days old, the white ducks are freely eaten;
(2) when the hung white ducks are 32-50 days old, the daily feed intake of the hung white ducks is controlled to be 0.17-0.18 kg/day/duck; preferably, the daily feed intake is 0.175 kg/day/mouse.
The feed adopted by the breeding method is any one of the high-efficiency feeds.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the white duck bred by the method can realize the improvement of growth performance indexes on the premise of reducing metabolic energy values, and reduce the metabolic energy from 2850Kcal/kg to 2800 Kcal/kg;
2. the hung white duck bred by the method can obviously improve the sternum calcification degree of the hung white duck on the premise of improving the growth performance, and the formation of chondroitin sulfate is increased by adding a proper amount of manganese sulfate preparation, so that the bone forming effect of meat ducks is promoted;
3. the white duck bred by the method can reduce the usage amount of the soybean meal to about 8.0% from 10% of the conventional amount to 2.0% as the lowest on the premise of ensuring the growth performance, the feather development and the appearance commodity.
4. The method is based on the regulation and control of the nutrients in the white duck feed, and has strong operability; and the cost is in a controllable range, and the economy is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison chart showing the influence of each treatment group on the feather development of meat ducks in a third comparative experiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 17 parts of corn protein powder, 13 parts of stone powder, 8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 20 parts of premix.
Wherein the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of mountain flour, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 20 parts of premix.
Wherein the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 430 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 19 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 13 parts of soybean oil, 70 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 70 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 25 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 15 parts of mountain flour, 8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of manganese sulfate preparation.
Wherein the premix comprises vitamin premix and microelement premix; the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-. The actual addition amount of manganese in the feed formula is 90 g/t.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 17 parts of corn protein powder, 13 parts of stone powder, 8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of manganese sulfate preparation.
The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t; wherein the premix comprises vitamin premix and microelement premix; the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 17 parts of corn protein powder, 15 parts of stone powder, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t; wherein the premix comprises vitamin premix and microelement premix; the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 6
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 70 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 15 parts of stone powder, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of additional manganese sulfate preparation.
The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t; wherein the premix comprises vitamin premix and microelement premix; the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 7
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of stone powder, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t; wherein the premix comprises vitamin premix and microelement premix; the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 8
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 26 parts of soybean meal, 74 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of stone powder, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of extra manganese sulfate preparation.
The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t; wherein the premix comprises vitamin premix and microelement premix; the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 9
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient feed for improving the sternal calcification degree of white duck, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 33 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of stone powder, 10 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of premix and 1.9 parts of additional manganese sulfate preparation.
The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t; wherein the premix comprises vitamin premix and microelement premix; the microelement premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
The preparation method of the feed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
Example 10
The embodiment of the invention provides a feeding method suitable for white duck, which comprises the following specific steps:
when the white ducks are 1-31 days old, the white ducks are freely eaten;
when the white ducks are 32-50 days old, the daily feed intake of the white ducks is controlled to be 0.175 kg/day/duck.
Example 11
The embodiment of the invention provides a feeding method suitable for white ducks, and particularly relates to a method for feeding white ducks by adopting the feeding mode of the embodiment 10, wherein any one of the high-efficiency feeds provided by the embodiments 1-9 is selected as the feed.
Comparative test
Experiment one: influence of different energy, protein and calcium levels on production performance, breast hardness and feather length of white duck
1. Purpose of the experiment
The experiment aims to study the influence of different energy, protein and calcium levels on the production performance of meat ducks, breast hardness and feather length.
2. Materials and methods
2.1 design of the experiment
The test adopts single factor test design, 3000 hung white ducks with similar weight are selected and randomly divided into 3 treatments, each treatment comprises 1000 ducks, and the test design and the feed formula are shown in the following table 1-1:
table 1-1 test daily composition and nutritional level (air dry basis,%)
2.2 Breeding management
The test is carried out in a duck farm in the Pengshan area of Meishan city of Sichuan province, a fermentation bed ground flat culture mode is adopted, and the test group (treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3) freely drinks water in the whole period and adopts free feeding. Other feeding management measures and immunization programs are carried out according to a conventional mode of a meat duck farm. The test is started to feed the test material from the end of the brooding period, and the test period is 50 d.
2.3 survey index
2.3.1 index of productivity
At the 50 th day of the experiment, the weight of the ducks is weighed in an empty stomach, and the feed consumption and the number and the weight of dead ducks are recorded and are used for calculating the average daily gain, the average daily feed intake, the feed conversion ratio and the death and culling rate of the meat ducks during the experiment.
2.3.2 slaughter Performance indicators
At the 50 th day of the test, 10 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected for the slaughter test in each repetition, and the length of the sternum of the meat ducks is measured after slaughter respectively and used for feeding back the indexes of the chest hardness of the meat ducks.
2.3.3 feather Length
At the 50 th time of the test, 10 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected repeatedly, and the length of the fourth main wing feather of the left wing and the right wing of the meat ducks is measured and used for feeding back the growth condition of the feathers of the meat ducks.
3. Data analysis
The test data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0.
4. Test results
4.1 index of productivity
Table 1-2 influence of different treatment groups on meat duck production performance
As shown in tables 1-2, the test results showed that the average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were superior in treatments 13-49d and 1-49d of treatments 2 and 3 compared to treatment 1, and that the average body weight of 49d was also higher than that of 10.246-0.270 kg.
4.2 feather Length
TABLE 1-3 Effect of different treatments on feather development of meat ducks
As shown in tables 1-3, the test results showed no significant difference in the length of the left and right fourth main wing feathers between treatments, but treatment 2 and treatment 3 had a tendency to improve the feather length.
5. And (4) test conclusion:
compared with the test treatment 1 group, the test treatment 3 group can improve the production performance of the white duck 13-49d and 1-49 d. Namely: the using amounts of the raw materials such as the soybean meal, the rice bran, the corn protein powder, the calcium hydrophosphate and the like are comprehensively adjusted, so that the feed energy is reduced to 2800Kcal/kg, the content of crude protein is increased to 17.5%, the content of calcium is increased to 1.2%, the nutritional requirements of the white duck can be further met, and the production performance of the white duck can be optimized.
Experiment two: research on technical scheme for improving calcification degree of sternum of meat duck
1. Purpose of the experiment
Manganese element can promote the growth and development of bones, and manganese participates in activating an enzyme system for synthesizing chondroitin sulfate and promotes the synthesis of bone. Manganese is also involved in the metabolism of protein, and the absorption and utilization of the protein in the body are improved. The purpose of the test is to study whether the length of the gripper cartilage in the chest of the meat duck can be reduced by at least 1cm by adding manganese element on the basis of 17.5% of the dietary protein.
2. Materials and methods
2.1 design of the experiment
The test adopts single factor test design, 3000 white ducks hung for 12d are randomly divided into 3 for treatment, and each duck is treated by 1000.
The experimental design and diet formulations are shown in tables 2-1 and 2-2 below:
TABLE 2-1 test design
| Test treatment | Type of ration |
| Process 1 | Formulation 2 |
| Treatment 2 | Formula 2+190g/t manganese sulfate1 |
| Treatment 3 | Formula 1+190g/t manganese sulfate1 |
Note:1manganese sulfate (as MnSO)4∙H2O)/% > is more than or equal to 98 percent, and manganese (Mn)/% > is more than or equal to 31.8, and the recommended addition amount of the product in terms of (Mn) in compound feed or total mixed ration is as follows: fish 100, other animals 150; the actual addition amount of the product in terms of manganese is 60.6 g/t. The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t.
TABLE 2-2 test formulations
| Item | Formulation 1 | Formulation 2 |
| Corn (corn) | 44.12 | 43.00 |
| Corn DDGS | 9.40 | 10.00 |
| Wheat bran | 0 | 1.90 |
| Flour | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Soybean oil | 1.30 | 1.30 |
| Bean pulp | 10.00 | 7.00 |
| Cottonseed meal | 7.00 | 7.00 |
| Vegetable seedDregs of rice | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Rice bran | 7.00 | 7.00 |
| Rapeseed cake | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Hydrolyzed feather powder | 1.00 | 2.50 |
| Spirit distiller's grains | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Corn protein powder | 1.50 | 2.00 |
| Stone powder | 1.84 | 1.50 |
| Calcium hydrogen phosphate | 0.84 | 0.80 |
| Premix compound | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Total up to | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| Nutritional levels | ||
| Metabolic energy/Kcal/kg | 2850 | 2800 |
| Crude protein/%) | 17.0 | 17.5 |
| Calcium/%) | 1.00 | 1.20 |
| Total phosphorus/%) | 0.68 | 0.68 |
2.2 Breeding management
The test adopts a ground flat culture mode of a fermentation bed, the temperature is removed for 12 days, then the circulation is carried out, each group starts to feed test materials, and meat ducks drink water freely and eat food freely in the whole test period. Other feeding management measures and immunization programs are carried out according to a conventional mode of a meat duck farm. The test starts at 13d and ends at 50d, with a test period of 38 days.
2.3 survey index
2.3.1 index of productivity
At 43d of the test, the weight of each meat duck in the colony house was measured on an empty stomach, and the feed consumption and the number and weight of dead meat ducks were recorded for calculating the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and mortality of the meat ducks during the test.
2.3.1 feather Length
At 41d of the test, 10 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected in each colony house, and the length of the fourth main wing feather of the left wing and the right wing of the meat ducks is measured and used for feeding back the growth condition of the feather of the meat ducks.
2.3.2 sternum hardness
At 41d of the test, 10 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected for each colony house and used for the slaughter test, and the length of the gritty cartilage of each colony house is measured after slaughter and used for feeding back indexes of chest hardness of the meat ducks.
3. Data analysis
Statistical analysis of the test data was performed using SPSS21.0, with P < 0.05 indicating significant differences and P < 0.01 indicating very significant differences.
4. Test results
4.1 Effect on meat Duck Productivity
TABLE 2-3 Effect of different treatments on meat Duck Productivity
From the results in tables 2 to 3, it is clear that the influence on the production performance of the white duck is not significant between treatments, but the treatment 2 group has a tendency to improve the production performance and is superior to the treatment 1 group in terms of production performance indexes such as feed-weight ratio and daily gain compared to the treatment 1, while the treatment 3 group has problems of high feed intake and low average daily gain compared to the treatments 1 and 2.
4.2 Effect on sternum calcification of 41d meat ducks
TABLE 2-4 Effect of different treatments on the length of the Sword-shaped process of the sternum of meat ducks
| Treatment of | Length of the Swiss bone in 47d, cm |
| Process 1 | 2.71a±0.65 |
| Treatment 2 | 1.70b±0.73 |
| Treatment 3 | 1.84b±0.65 |
| P value | 0.008 |
As can be seen from tables 2-4, compared with treatment 1, treatment 2 groups significantly reduced the length of the xiphoid cartilage in the chest of the meat duck, and treatment 3 times proved that the sternum calcification degree of the white duck in treatment 2 groups was the best.
4.3 Effect on feather length of 41d meat Duck
TABLE 2-5 Effect of different treatments on feather length of meat ducks
| Test treatment | Length of feather on left side, cm | Length of feather on right side, cm |
| Process 1 | 7.88±1.31 | 7.98±1.33 |
| Treatment 2 | 8.75±0.99 | 9.00±0.95 |
| Treatment 3 | 8.23±0.85 | 8.23±0.94 |
| P value | 0.142 | 0.171 |
From the results in tables 2 to 5, it was found that there was no significant difference in the length of the feathers between the treatments, but the feather length tended to increase in both the treatment 2 and the treatment 3 groups as compared with the treatment 1 group.
5. Conclusion of the experiment
a. Compared with the control group (treatment 1), the addition of 150ppm manganese sulfate can obviously reduce the length of the xiphoid cartilage of the sternum of the white duck on the premise of improving the production performance of the white duck.
b. The addition of 150ppm manganese sulfate in the daily ration of the formula 1 and the formula 2 can improve the calcification degree of the sternum and the feather length of the meat duck 1-43 d.
Experiment three: research on technical scheme for ensuring growth performance and feather appearance of meat ducks by using manganese sulfate under low-protein condition
1. Purpose of the experiment
The experiment aims to research the influence of the manganese sulfate preparation on the growth condition of the feathers of the meat ducks under different soybean meal levels.
2. Materials and methods
2.1 design of the experiment
The test adopts single factor test design, 3000 9d hanging white ducks are randomly divided into 3 treatments, and each treatment treats 1000 meat ducks.
The experimental design and diet formulations are shown in tables 3-1 and 3-2 below:
TABLE 3-1 test design
| Test treatment | Type of diet |
| Process 1 | Control group |
| Treatment 2 | Low soybean meal group |
| Treatment 3 | Low soybean meal and manganese sulfate group |
Note: manganese sulfate (as MnSO)4∙H2O)/% > is more than or equal to 98 percent, and manganese (Mn)/% > is more than or equal to 31.8, and the recommended addition amount of the product in terms of (Mn) in compound feed or total mixed ration is as follows: fish 100, other animals 150; the actual addition amount of the product in terms of manganese is 60.6 g/t. The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t.
TABLE 3-2 test formulations
2.2 Breeding management
The experiment adopts on-net flat culture, and all meat ducks are freely fed and drunk in the whole period of the experiment. Other feeding management measures and immunization programs are carried out according to a conventional mode of a meat duck farm. The test started at 15d and ended at 45d for 31 days.
2.3 survey index
2.3.1 Performance
At 45d of the test, the weight of each meat duck in the colony house is weighed on an empty stomach, and the feed consumption and the number and weight of dead meat ducks are recorded and used for calculating the average daily gain, the average daily feed intake, the feed conversion ratio and the death and culling rate of the meat ducks during the test.
2.3.2 feather Length
At 45d of the test, 10 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected in each colony house, and the length of the fourth main wing feather of the left wing and the right wing of the meat ducks is measured and used for feeding back the growth condition of the feather of the meat ducks.
2.3.3 degree of calcification of sternum
At 45d of the test, 6 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected from each colony house, and the length of the xyphoid cartilage in the chest of the meat ducks is measured after slaughtering.
2.3.4 weight of Myoglobin and glandular stomach
At 45d of the test, 6 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected from each colony house, and after slaughtering, the muscular stomach and the glandular stomach are collected and weighed.
3. Data analysis
The experimental data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS25.0 comparative mean one-way ANOVA test, with the results being expressed as "mean. + -. standard deviation", P < 0.05 for significant differences and P < 0.01 for very significant differences.
4. Test results
4.1 Effect on meat Duck Productivity
TABLE 3-3 Effect of different treatments on meat Duck Productivity
Note: treatment 1: a control group; and (3) treatment 2: low soybean meal and low rice bran; and (3) treatment: low soybean meal and high rice bran.
As can be seen from tables 3-3, the productivity of the treatment groups 1 and 3 was substantially the same, and the productivity index of the treatment group 2 was inferior.
4.2 Effect on feather length of meat ducks
TABLE 3-4 Effect of different treatments on feather length of meat ducks
| Test treatment | Length of feather on left side of 45d, cm | Feather length on right side of 45d, cm |
| Process 1 | 9.59a±0.45 | 9.60a±0.38 |
| Treatment 2 | 8.88b±0.68 | 8.99b±0.59 |
| Treatment 3 | 9.24ab±0.57 | 9.22ab±0.57 |
| P value | 0.034 | 0.044 |
As can be seen from tables 3-4 and the photographs of the attachments, the feather lengths on the left and right sides of the meat duck treated in the treatment 2 were the shortest (P < 0.05) compared with the feather length on the left and right sides of the meat duck treated in the treatment 1, and the feather lengths on the left and right sides of the meat duck treated in the treatment 3 were not significantly different (P > 0.05) compared with the feather length on the left and right sides.
4.3 Effect on sternum hardness of meat ducks
TABLE 3-5 Effect of different treatments on the length of the gripper cartilage in the chest of meat ducks
| Test treatment | Length of 45d thoracic xyphoid cartilage, cm |
| Process 1 | 3.73±0.45 |
| Treatment 2 | 3.92±1.08 |
| Treatment 3 | 3.70±0.82 |
| P value | 0.927 |
As can be seen from the results in tables 3-5, the length of the sternum xiphoid process cartilage of the meat ducks in each treatment is not significantly different, but the treatment 1 is the shortest and the treatment is performed 3 times.
5. Conclusion of the experiment
(1) The processing 1 and the processing 3 groups have better production performance, wherein the material weight ratio of the processing 3 groups is the lowest, and the production performance of the processing 2 groups is the worst.
(2) The feather growth vigor of the meat ducks treated by the 3 groups is not obviously different from that of the meat ducks treated by the control group (the level of common soybean meal), and the feather growth vigor of each group is consistent with the production performance result of the meat ducks.
Experiment four: feeding scheme research 1 for improving sternum calcification speed of meat ducks on the premise of improving production performance and test purpose
The experiment aims to research the improvement of feed intake of the meat ducks in the later breeding period and the reduction of the influence of feed limitation on the calcification of the sternum of the meat ducks, but the weight of 50d slaughtered meat ducks needs to be controlled to be about 5.5 jin, so that the feed intake is improved, and the nutrient level of the meat ducks is properly reduced. Therefore, the experiment designs 3 corresponding different feed intake respectively, and researches a new feeding mode of hanging ducks.
2. Materials and methods
2.1 design of the experiment
The test adopts single factor test design, 1200 white ducks hung in 32d are randomly divided into 3 treatments, each treatment is 2 repetitions, and each repetition is 200 ducks. The experimental design and diet formulations are shown in tables 4-1 and 4-2 below:
TABLE 4-1 test design
| Test treatment | Amount of feed |
| Process 1 | 0.125 kg/day (0.250 kg/two days) |
| Treatment 2 | 0.175 kg/day/piece (0.350 kg/two days) |
| Treatment 3 | 0.225 kg/day (0.450 kg/two days) |
TABLE 4-2 test formulations
Note: manganese sulfate preparation and manganese sulfate (MnSO) are additionally added into the formula4∙H2O)/% > is more than or equal to 98 percent, and manganese (Mn)/% > is more than or equal to 31.8, and the recommended addition amount of the product in terms of (Mn) in compound feed or total mixed ration is as follows: fish 100, other animals 150; the actual addition amount of the product in terms of manganese is 60.6 g/t. The actual addition amount of manganese in the formula is 90 g/t.
2.2 Breeding management
The test adopts a fermentation bed ground flat culture mode, the meat ducks in the whole period are tested to drink water freely and feed freely for 1-31 days, and the meat ducks are fed for 32-50 days according to the feed intake planned by different test groups. Other feeding management measures and immunization programs are carried out according to a conventional mode of a meat duck farm. The test started at 32d and ended at 48d, with a test period of 17 days.
2.3 survey index
2.3.1 Performance
At 48d of the test, the weight of each meat duck in the colony house is weighed on an empty stomach, and the feed consumption and the number and weight of dead meat ducks are recorded for calculating the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and death and culling rate of the meat ducks during the test.
2.3.2 feather Length
At 48d of the test, 3 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected in each colony house, and the length of the fourth main wing feather of the left wing and the right wing of the meat ducks is measured and used for feeding back the growth condition of the feather of the meat ducks.
2.3.3 sternum hardness
At 48d of the test, 3 meat ducks with the weight close to the average weight are selected for each colony house and used for the slaughter test, and the lengths of the gritty cartilage of the meat ducks are respectively measured after slaughter and used for feeding back indexes of chest hardness of the meat ducks.
3. Data analysis
The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS21.0, and the results were expressed as "mean. + -. standard deviation", P < 0.05 for significant difference, and P < 0.01 for very significant difference.
4. Test results
4.1 Effect on meat Duck Productivity
TABLE 4-3 Effect of feed restriction on meat Duck Productivity
As is clear from the results in tables 4 to 3, the weight at the end of 48d in treatment 2 was 0.14kg lower and the weight at the end of 48d in treatment 3 was 0.15kg higher than that in treatment 1. The average daily gain and the average daily feed intake of the treatments 1, 2 and 3 in 32-48 days are in a gradually increasing trend.
4.2 Effect on feather length of 48d meat Duck
TABLE 4-4 Effect of feed restriction on feather length of 48d meat ducks
| Treatment of | Length of feather on left side, cm | Length of feather on right side, cm |
| 1 | 12.02±0.81 | 12.00±0.67 |
| 2 | 12.22±0.73 | 12.25±0.85 |
| 3 | 12.02±0.96 | 12.15±0.85 |
| P value | 0.28 | 0.21 |
As is clear from the results in tables 4 to 4, there was no significant difference in the left and right feather lengths between the respective treatment groups. The feather length on both the left and right sides of treatment 2 and treatment 3 was comparable to that of treatment 1.
4.3 Effect on sternum hardness of 48d meat ducks
TABLE 4-5 Effect of feed restriction on sternum hardness of meat ducks of 48d
As is clear from the results in tables 4 to 5, the length of the gripper cartilage in the breast of the 48d meat duck treated in the treatment 2 was 0.32cm lower and the length of the gripper cartilage in the breast of the 48d meat duck treated in the treatment 3 was 0.77cm lower than that of the treatment 1.
4.4 influence of feed-limiting treatment on meat duck breeding cost
TABLE 4-6 influence of feed restriction on meat duck farming cost
| Treatment of | Cost of treating one ton of feed | Cost of meat production by jin Yuan |
| 1 | 2755 | 4.68 |
| 2 | 2480 | 4.51 |
| 3 | 2410 | 4.69 |
As is clear from tables 4 to 6, the feed cost of treatment 2 and treatment 3 groups was reduced by 275 Yuan/ton and 345 Yuan/ton, respectively, and the meat production cost of treatment 2 group was reduced by 3.6%, as compared with treatment 1 group.
5. Conclusion of the experiment
(1) The higher the feed amount fed by the meat ducks 32-48d every day, the higher the average daily feed intake of the meat ducks and the higher the average daily gain;
(2) the meat ducks fed with the feed of 0.175kg per day for 32-48d of each duck have no obvious difference in the length of the xiphoid process cartilage of the chest of the meat duck from the length of the duck fed with the feed of 0.225kg per day, and 0.18 yuan/jin can be saved when the meat production cost is 0.175kg per day of the feed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. The efficient feed for improving sternal calcification of the white duck is characterized in that the feed raw materials comprise soybean meal, and the soybean meal accounts for 2.0-8.0% of the total weight of the feed raw materials.
2. The efficient feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of corn 395-.
3. The efficient feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of corn, 100 parts of corn DDGS, 30 parts of wheat bran, 50 parts of flour, 10 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 150 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20 parts of white spirit vinasse, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 17 parts of mountain flour, 13 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 20 parts of premix.
4. The high-efficiency feed according to claim 1, wherein the feed raw material further comprises an additional manganese sulfate preparation added in an amount of 0.15-0.24%.
5. The efficient feed as claimed in claim 4, wherein the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of corn 395-one, 95-105 parts of corn DDGS, 15-35 parts of wheat bran, 48-54 parts of flour, 7-15 parts of soybean oil, 25-35 parts of bean pulp, 60-80 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-25 parts of rapeseed meal, 65-155 parts of rice bran, 46-57 parts of rapeseed cakes, 8-25 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 18-24 parts of white spirit vinasse, 15-25 parts of corn protein powder, 12-19 parts of stone powder, 6-15 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15-24 parts of premix and 1.5-2.3 parts of additional manganese sulfate preparation.
6. The high-efficiency feed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the trace element premix comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 12500mg/kg of copper 7250-.
7. The high efficiency feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the preparation method of the feed is as follows:
(1) the material preparation step: weighing all the raw materials according to the parts by weight, putting the raw materials into a mixer together, and uniformly mixing for 30-60 s;
(2) a granulation step: and (2) putting the uniformly mixed materials in the step (1) into a granulator for granulation, wherein the tempering temperature is 75 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-60 seconds.
8. A feeding method for improving sternal calcification of white duck is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) when the white ducks are 1-31 days old, the white ducks are freely eaten;
(2) when the hung white ducks are 32-50 days old, the daily feed intake of the hung white ducks is controlled to be 0.17-0.18 kg/day/duck.
9. The feeding method according to claim 8, wherein the feed used in the feeding method is the high efficiency feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112772561A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-11 | 中国农业大学 | Feeding method of manganese-containing feed for improving bone quality of chick embryos and chicks |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109221654A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-18 | 何德洲 | It is a kind of for hanging the meat duck mixed feed of white duck |
| CN110050901A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-26 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of compound premix promoting the calcification of meat duck breastbone |
| CN111602748A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-01 | 四川绵樱鸭业有限公司 | Compound feed for meat ducks capable of reducing weak duck proportion under feeding limiting condition |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109221654A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-18 | 何德洲 | It is a kind of for hanging the meat duck mixed feed of white duck |
| CN110050901A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-26 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of compound premix promoting the calcification of meat duck breastbone |
| CN111602748A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-01 | 四川绵樱鸭业有限公司 | Compound feed for meat ducks capable of reducing weak duck proportion under feeding limiting condition |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112772561A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-11 | 中国农业大学 | Feeding method of manganese-containing feed for improving bone quality of chick embryos and chicks |
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