CN112014651A - Testing method and testing system of frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna - Google Patents
Testing method and testing system of frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method and a test system of a frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna outputs radio frequency signals to the transmitting horn antenna; the transmitting horn antenna transmits the signal to the space; the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna receives the radio frequency signals, processes the radio frequency signals into N intermediate frequency signals and outputs the intermediate frequency signals to an A port of a receiver; the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna outputs an intermediate frequency reference signal to a port B of the receiver; adjusting a vector network analyzer to test each intermediate frequency signal and each intermediate frequency reference signal; and testing the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna by adopting the testing equipment and the rotary table to obtain a test result. The advantages are that: the method fully utilizes the self frequency source of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to provide the radio frequency signal and the intermediate frequency reference signal, namely the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna test can be completed on the basis of the traditional phased array antenna test system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a test method and a test system of a frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna.
Background
Indexes such as side lobe level, gain, beam width and the like are important performance indexes of the phased array antenna, and the indexes are obtained through a directional diagram test of the phased array antenna. Therefore, the accurate, efficient and low-cost phased array antenna test method is an important link in the phased array antenna development and production process. In the process of developing the traditional phased array antenna, an antenna pattern test needs to be carried out in a microwave darkroom to judge whether an antenna pattern index is within a specified allowable range.
With the development of phased array antenna technology, a multichannel phased array antenna with a frequency conversion function gradually becomes a development trend, i.e., a radio frequency/intermediate frequency converter is integrated in the antenna, and the number of channels of the antenna is developed into independent multiple channels from analog and differential channels. After the antenna receives a spatial radio frequency electromagnetic wave signal, the antenna converts the radio frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal and outputs the intermediate frequency signal, so that during antenna testing, radio frequency/radio frequency testing cannot be performed at a double port by directly utilizing a vector network like a traditional phased array antenna, but only intermediate frequency/radio frequency hybrid testing can be performed, which causes the test system to become complicated, requires a test instrument and meter to have an additional frequency mixing function, and increases the test cost of the phased array antenna.
Therefore, in the intermediate frequency/radio frequency mixed working mode of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, the traditional phased array antenna test method must be redesigned, a test method and a test system suitable for the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna are provided, and the test application of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna with accuracy, high efficiency and low cost is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test method and a test system of a frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, which combine a transmitting horn antenna, a vector network analyzer, test equipment, a rotary table and other components, and fully utilize a frequency source of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to provide a radio frequency signal H1And a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phaserefThe method and the system have wide applicability and can be generally used for testing the phased array antenna with a radio frequency/intermediate frequency mixed mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of testing a frequency translating multi-channel phased array antenna, the method comprising:
s1, the test equipment controls the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to output a radio frequency signal H to the transmitting horn antenna1；
S2, the transmitting horn antenna receives the radio frequency signal H1And transmitting it to the space;
s3, receiving the radio frequency signal H by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna1Converts the signal into N intermediate frequency signals MnAnd converting each of the intermediate frequency signals MnOutputting to the first port of the receiver of the vector network analyzer as the intermediate frequency signals M measured at the first portnWherein, N is the number of channels, N is 1,2,. cndot.N;
s4, the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna outputs a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and phase to a second port of a receiver of the vector network analyzerrefThe intermediate frequency reference signal MrefFor each of said intermediate frequency signals M measured at said first portnThe reference signal of (a);
s5, adjusting the vector network analyzer to adopt a dual-port receiver test mode, and carrying out test on each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnAnd an intermediate frequency reference signal M of said second portrefTesting at the same time;
and S6, performing directional diagram test of multiple wave beams on the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna by adopting test equipment and a rotary table, wherein the test equipment acquires multiple data tested by the vector network analyzer and processes the data to obtain a directional diagram test result of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna.
Optionally, in step S1, the frequency source of the frequency-conversion multi-channel phased-array antenna outputs a radio frequency signal H1And transported to the transmitting horn antenna by means of a cable connection.
Optionally, in step S3, the down converter module of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna converts the radio frequency signal H1Down-conversion processing is carried out to convert the signals into N intermediate frequency signals Mn。
Optionally, in step S4, the frequency source of the frequency-conversion multi-channel phased-array antenna outputs an intermediate-frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and phaserefAnd is delivered to a second port of the vector network analyzer receiver using a cable connection.
Optionally, in the step S5,
the vector network analyzer is provided with an amplitude test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnCarrying out a first port/second port relative amplitude test;
and/or the vector network analyzer is provided with a phase test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnA first port/second port relative phase test is performed.
Optionally, a test system applying the test method for the frequency-variable multi-channel phased array antenna includes:
a transmitting horn antenna connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and used for receiving the radio frequency signal H transmitted by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna1And transmitting it to the space;
a vector network analyzer connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and used for testing output signals of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, wherein the vector network analyzer comprises a dual-port receiver test mode, and a first port of a receiver of the vector network analyzer receives N intermediate frequency signals M transmitted by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antennanThe second port of the receiver of the vector network analyzer receives a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phase transmitted by the frequency conversion multichannel phased array antennarefVector network analyzer for each intermediate frequency signal M of said first portnAnd an intermediate frequency reference signal M of said second portrefAnd simultaneously testing, wherein N is the number of channels, and N is 1,2,. cndot.N;
the test equipment is respectively connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and the vector network analyzer, controls the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to transmit signals, and acquires and processes data tested by the vector network analyzer to obtain directional diagram test results of a plurality of wave beams of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna;
the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna is installed on the rotary table through a mechanical fastener, and the rotary table drives the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to rotate in the horizontal direction so as to complete directional pattern testing of a plurality of wave beams of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna.
Optionally, the frequency-variable multi-channel phased array antenna includes:
a frequency source outputting a radio frequency signal H1And delivering it to the transmitting horn antenna; the frequency source outputs a medium-frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phaserefAnd transmits it to the second port of the vector network analyzer receiver;
a down converter module for down converting the radio frequency signal H1Down-conversion processing is carried out to convert the signals into N intermediate frequency signals Mn。
Optionally, the vector network analyzer is provided with an amplitude test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnCarrying out a first port/second port relative amplitude test;
and/or the vector network analyzer is provided with a phase test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnA first port/second port relative phase test is performed.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the scanning frame, the transmission horn antenna is installed on the scanning frame.
Optionally, the components are connected by cables.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the test method and the test system of the variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna, the directional diagram of the variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna can be accurately and efficiently tested by combining the transmitting horn antenna, the vector network analyzer, the test equipment, the rotary table and the like, and the frequency source of the variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna is fully utilized to provide one path of radio frequency signal H1And a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phaserefThe method and the system have wide applicability, can be universally used for the test of the phased array antenna with a radio frequency/intermediate frequency mixed mode, and solve the problem of antenna test in an intermediate frequency/radio frequency mixed working mode;
(2) according to the test method and the test system of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, a radio frequency/intermediate frequency mixed test mode of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna test is skillfully converted into an intermediate frequency/intermediate frequency same frequency test mode, instruments and equipment do not need to be additionally arranged in the original phased array antenna test system, the test application of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna with accuracy, high efficiency and low cost is completed, the test cost is reduced, and the complexity of the test system is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing system using a frequency-variable multi-channel phased array antenna according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The frequency-converting multi-channel phased array antenna test proposed by the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings of the present invention are in a very simplified form and are intended to use non-precise ratios for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a testing system using a frequency-variable multi-channel phased array antenna according to the present invention is shown, and the system mainly includes: the device comprises a transmitting horn antenna, a vector network analyzer, a testing device and a rotary table.
The transmitting horn antenna is connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and receives the radio frequency signal H transmitted by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna1And transmits it to the space. In this embodiment, the system further includes a gantry, the transmitting horn antenna is mounted on the gantry, and the gantry fixes and supports the transmitting horn antenna.
And the vector network analyzer is connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and is used for testing an output signal of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna. In this embodiment, the vector network analyzer includes a dual-port receiver test mode, and an a port of a receiver of the vector network analyzer receives N intermediate frequency signals M transmitted by the frequency-variable multichannel phased array antennanThe B port of the receiver of the vector network analyzer receives a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phase transmitted by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antennarefVector network analyzer for each intermediate frequency signal M of said first portnAnd an intermediate frequency reference signal M of said second portrefAnd simultaneously testing, wherein N is the channel number of the frequency conversion multichannel phased array antenna, and N is 1, 2.
The vector network analyzer is provided with an amplitude test window and a phase test window so as to be convenient for the vector network analyzer to operate in a dual-port receiver test mode. Specifically, the amplitude test window is used for each intermediate frequency signal M of the A portnPerforming A/B relative amplitude (unit is dB) test; the phase test window is used for each intermediate frequency signal of the A portMnA/B relative phase tests were performed.
In this embodiment, the frequency-variable multi-channel phased array antenna includes: a frequency source and a down converter module. And the test equipment controls each module in the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to generate and output corresponding signals. Wherein the frequency source outputs a radio frequency signal H1The signal is transmitted to the transmitting horn antenna; the frequency source also outputs a medium-frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phaserefAnd the signal is transmitted to a B port of a vector network analyzer receiver. The down converter module is used for comparing the radio frequency signal H1Down-conversion processing is carried out to convert the signals into N intermediate frequency signals Mn。
And the test equipment is respectively connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and the vector network analyzer. The test equipment controls the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to form directional diagrams with different wave beams, and receives working state feedback of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna. And the test equipment acquires and processes the data tested by the vector network analyzer to obtain the test result of the directional diagram of the multiple wave beams of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna.
The frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna is installed on the rotary table through a mechanical fastener, and the rotary table drives the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to rotate in the horizontal direction so as to complete directional diagram test of multiple wave beams of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna.
Generally speaking, in the conventional phased array antenna testing system and method, in order to complete the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna test, an additional S93080A frequency offset option and an additional S93083A frequency converter option for purchasing a vector network analyzer (in the example of vector network of the germany corporation) are required, which increases the testing cost and the complexity of the testing system. The invention skillfully converts the radio frequency/intermediate frequency mixed test mode of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna test into the intermediate frequency/intermediate frequency same frequency test mode, does not need to add instruments and meters and facility equipment in the original phased array antenna test system, and completes the test application of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna with accuracy, high efficiency and low cost.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for testing the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna by adopting the test system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the test equipment controls the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to output a radio frequency signal H to the transmitting horn antenna1。
Wherein the radio frequency signal H1The frequency is output by a frequency source of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and is transmitted to the transmitting horn antenna by a cable connection.
S2, the transmitting horn antenna receives the radio frequency signal H1And transmits it to the space, i.e. the radio frequency signal H1Radiated to space in the form of a spatial electromagnetic wave.
S3, receiving the radio frequency signal H by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna1Converts the signal into N intermediate frequency signals MnAnd converting each of the intermediate frequency signals MnThe cable is used for connecting the A port of the receiver which is accessed and output to the vector network analyzer in a time-sharing way and is used as each intermediate frequency signal M measured by the A portnWherein, N is the channel number of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, and N is 1, 2.
In step S3, the radio frequency signal H is modulated by a down converter module of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna1Down-conversion processing is carried out to convert the signals into N intermediate frequency signals Mn。
S4, the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna outputs a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and phase to the B port of the receiver of the vector network analyzerrefThe intermediate frequency reference signal M is converted into a frequency signalrefAs each of the intermediate frequency signals M measured at the A portnThe reference signal of (1). Wherein the intermediate frequency reference signal MrefIs related to the radio frequency signal H1The same source, standard intermediate frequency signal, so it can be the reference signal.
In step S4, the frequency source of the frequency-conversion multi-channel phased-array antenna is used to output a path of intermediate-frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and phaserefAnd is delivered to the B port of the vector network analyzer receiver using a cable connection.
S5, setting correspondingly in the vector network analyzer, adjusting the vector network analyzer to adopt a dual-port receiver test mode to test the intermediate frequency signals M tested at the A portnAnd intermediate frequency reference signal M of said B portrefAnd (5) testing at the same time.
In step S5, the vector network analyzer is provided with an amplitude test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the port anPerforming A/B relative amplitude (unit is dB) test; the vector network analyzer is also provided with a phase test window for testing the intermediate frequency signals M of the A portnA/B relative phase (in) was tested.
And S6, performing directional diagram test of multiple wave beams by adopting test equipment and a rotary table on the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna (the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna is rotated for one circle along the horizontal direction by the aid of the rotary table), and acquiring multiple data tested by the vector network analyzer through the test equipment and processing to obtain a directional diagram test result of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna. Wherein, the directional diagram test of multiple wave beams pointing to the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna means that: each beam direction needs to rotate the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna for one circle along the horizontal direction by means of the rotary table, and the Mth downward beam direction with a plurality of beam directions is obtainednAnd (5) testing the road direction diagram. Change intermediate frequency signal M all the waynSteps S1-S5 need to be repeated once.
In summary, according to the testing method and the testing system for the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, the transmitting horn antenna, the vector network analyzer, the testing device, the turntable and other components are combined, and the frequency source of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna is fully utilized to provide the radio frequency signal H1And a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phaserefThe method adopts a dual-port receiver test mode of a vector network analyzer applied in the traditional phased array antenna test to carry out the test on the intermediate frequency signal M of the A portnAnd intermediate frequency reference signal M of B portrefThe test is carried out simultaneously, namely the test of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna can be completed on the basis of the traditional phased array antenna test system without the need of testing the original phased array antennaThe method and the system have wide applicability and can be generally used for testing the phased array antenna with a radio frequency/intermediate frequency mixed mode.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of testing a frequency translating multi-channel phased array antenna, the method comprising:
s1, the test equipment controls the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to output a radio frequency signal H to the transmitting horn antenna1；
S2, the transmitting horn antenna receives the radio frequency signal H1And transmitting it to the space;
s3, receiving the radio frequency signal H by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna1Converts the signal into N intermediate frequency signals MnAnd converting each of the intermediate frequency signals MnOutputting to the first port of the receiver of the vector network analyzer as the intermediate frequency signals M measured at the first portnWherein, N is the number of channels, N is 1,2,. cndot.N;
s4, the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna outputs a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and phase to a second port of a receiver of the vector network analyzerrefThe intermediate frequency reference signal MrefFor each of said intermediate frequency signals M measured at said first portnThe reference signal of (a);
s5, adjusting the vector network analyzer to adopt a dual-port receiver test mode, and carrying out test on each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnAnd an intermediate frequency reference signal M of said second portrefTesting at the same time;
and S6, performing directional diagram test of multiple wave beams on the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna by adopting test equipment and a rotary table, wherein the test equipment acquires multiple data tested by the vector network analyzer and processes the data to obtain a directional diagram test result of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna.
2. The method of testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 1,
in step S1, the frequency source of the frequency-variable multi-channel phased-array antenna outputs a rf signal H1And transported to the transmitting horn antenna by means of a cable connection.
3. The method of testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 1,
in step S3, the down converter module of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna processes the rf signal H1Down-conversion processing is carried out to convert the signals into N intermediate frequency signals Mn。
4. The method of testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 1,
in step S4, the frequency source of the frequency-conversion multi-channel phased-array antenna outputs a path of intermediate-frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and phaserefAnd is delivered to a second port of the vector network analyzer receiver using a cable connection.
5. The method for testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein in said step S5,
the vector network analyzer is provided with an amplitude test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnCarrying out a first port/second port relative amplitude test;
and/or the vector network analyzer is provided with a phase test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnA first port/second port relative phase test is performed.
6. A test system applying the method for testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna according to claims 1 to 5, comprising:
a transmitting horn antenna connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and used for receiving the radio frequency signal H transmitted by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna1And transmitting it to the space;
a vector network analyzer connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and used for testing output signals of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna, wherein the vector network analyzer comprises a dual-port receiver test mode, and a first port of a receiver of the vector network analyzer receives N intermediate frequency signals M transmitted by the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antennanThe second port of the receiver of the vector network analyzer receives a path of intermediate frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and stable phase transmitted by the frequency conversion multichannel phased array antennarefVector network analyzer for each intermediate frequency signal M of said first portnAnd an intermediate frequency reference signal M of said second portrefAnd simultaneously testing, wherein N is the number of channels, and N is 1,2,. cndot.N;
the test equipment is respectively connected with the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna and the vector network analyzer, controls the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to transmit signals, and acquires and processes data tested by the vector network analyzer to obtain directional diagram test results of a plurality of wave beams of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna;
the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna is installed on the rotary table through a mechanical fastener, and the rotary table drives the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna to rotate in the horizontal direction so as to complete directional pattern testing of a plurality of wave beams of the frequency conversion multi-channel phased array antenna.
7. The system for testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 6, wherein said variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna comprises:
a frequency source outputting a radio frequency signal H1And delivering it to the transmitting horn antenna; what is needed isThe frequency source outputs a medium-frequency reference signal M with stable amplitude and phaserefAnd transmits it to the second port of the vector network analyzer receiver;
a down converter module for down converting the radio frequency signal H1Down-conversion processing is carried out to convert the signals into N intermediate frequency signals Mn。
8. The system for testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 6,
the vector network analyzer is provided with an amplitude test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnCarrying out a first port/second port relative amplitude test;
and/or the vector network analyzer is provided with a phase test window for each intermediate frequency signal M of the first portnA first port/second port relative phase test is performed.
9. The system for testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 6, further comprising:
the scanning frame, the transmission horn antenna is installed on the scanning frame.
10. The system for testing a variable frequency multi-channel phased array antenna of claim 6,
the components are connected through cables.
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| CN113395121B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2023-08-04 | 上海市计量测试技术研究院 | Test method and test system for antenna array |
| CN114047387A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | System and method for testing radiation direction of electronic radiation system |
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