CN112011403A - Equipment and method for preparing rapeseed oil by leaching method - Google Patents
Equipment and method for preparing rapeseed oil by leaching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112011403A CN112011403A CN202010852088.5A CN202010852088A CN112011403A CN 112011403 A CN112011403 A CN 112011403A CN 202010852088 A CN202010852088 A CN 202010852088A CN 112011403 A CN112011403 A CN 112011403A
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- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 244000188595 Brassica sinapistrum Species 0.000 claims description 62
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 96
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
- C11B1/108—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting after-treatment, e.g. of miscellae
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to equipment for preparing rapeseed oil by a leaching method. The oil press comprises an oil pressing cylinder and a leacher, wherein the oil pressing cylinder comprises a crushing part and a leaching part which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the crushing part comprises a second gear and a second rotating shaft, the crushing part is further connected with a driving unlocking mechanism, the driving unlocking mechanism comprises a first gear, a first rotating shaft and a swinging assembly, the swinging assembly drives the first gear to be meshed with the second gear or drives the first gear to be far away from the second gear, the equipment adopts a leaching method to extract the rapeseed oil, the oil yield is improved, and a leacher in the extraction process is provided with the driving unlocking mechanism to prevent the equipment from being damaged due to overhigh speed when the gears rotate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to equipment and a method for preparing rapeseed oil by a leaching method.
Background
Rapeseed oil is commonly called rapeseed oil, is edible oil extracted from rapeseed, is one of the main edible oils in China, is mainly produced in Yangtze river basin, southwest and northwest, and has the first yield in the world.
At present, the oil extraction equipment for a lot of rapeseed oil, the oil yield of rapeseed is generally only 30%, the oil yield is lower, so that more waste can be generated when oil is extracted, the rapeseed cannot be completely utilized, the general large oil extraction equipment does not have the function of directly frying the rapeseed, so that when oil is extracted, midway transfer is needed, the heat of the rapeseed is dissipated, the oil yield is reduced, and after the oil extraction is completed, the rapeseed contains more impurities, so that the quality of the extracted rapeseed is poor.
A chinese patent publication No. CN110257164A discloses a rapeseed oil extracting machine with low impurity content and high oil yield, which comprises a device box body, a hopper is fixedly arranged on the top surface of a gear cavity, a rotating platform is rotatably arranged in a frying cavity, a frying cylinder is rotatably arranged in the rotating platform, a heating component is fixedly arranged in the rotating platform, when a regulating motor is started, the regulating motor drives a first gear to rotate, the first gear drives the rotating platform to rotate, when the rotating platform rotates to the opening of the frying cylinder upwards, rapeseed is poured into the frying cylinder, and when the rotating platform rotates to drive the opening of the frying cylinder to the right, frying is carried out, rapeseed to be extracted oil can be heated and fried, the device can reduce the steps of midway transfer, so that the heat after frying of the rapeseed can not be dissipated, the oil yield of the rapeseed is increased, the hydraulic cylinder is used for extracting oil to the rapeseed, and the oil yield is increased, the filtered oil is subjected to standing precipitation, so that the impurity content of the final rapeseed oil is greatly reduced.
A chinese patent with publication number CN208717265U discloses a hydraulic rapeseed oil discharging device, which comprises an oil pressing device, a locking device, and a refrigerating device; the locking device is arranged on one side of the upper end of the oil pressing device, and the refrigerating device is arranged on one side of the lower end of the oil pressing device; the utility model has the characteristics of compact structure, be difficult for blockking up, easily clean, and can cool down refrigerated characteristics to the crude oil of squeezing, use this fluid pressure type rape seed oil device of producing oil after, can heat pressing the thorax when squeezing, it is too fast to prevent that the rapeseed from straining the cooling rate, reducible jam oil-out phenomenon's emergence when squeezing, and the convenient oil-out to the jam dredges and cleans, the effect of producing oil has been guaranteed, and can cool down the cooling to crude oil, convenient storage and essence are strained, the oil quality and the essence of rapeseed oil have been improved and are strained the effect.
However, the above patents still have the following problems:
(1) when oil is prepared by a squeezing method, because the pretreatment process cannot completely destroy oil material cells, and protein denaturation cannot be complete; the temperature of the barrel cannot be very high, and the pressure of the barrel cannot be very high. Therefore, the oil cannot be completely pressed by the pressing method, and the residual oil rate of the pressed cake is higher;
(2) the leacher is in gear transmission, when the speed is too high, the driving torque is once large, danger can be caused, equipment can be damaged in serious cases, and aiming at the problem, a speed reducer can be adopted, but when the speed reducer is used, the driving torque of the speed reducer is too large, so that a driving device and the leacher can not fall off to damage the equipment;
(3) leaches the ware and adopts the sonar type, in order to guarantee to leach ware import hopper liquid level control to keep stable bed of material height in the hopper, hopper liquid level top is equipped with the cable that connecting device used, if liquid level control damages, liquid can rise, damages the cable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides equipment for preparing rapeseed oil by a leaching method aiming at the problems in the prior art, the equipment adopts leaching method to extract rapeseed oil, improves oil yield, and the leacher in the extraction process is provided with a driving unlocking mechanism to prevent the equipment from being damaged due to overhigh speed when the gear rotates, and the leacher is different from a speed reducer, so that the situation that a driving device and the leacher cannot fall off due to overlarge driving torque of the speed reducer when in use can not occur, the invention also provides a method for preparing rapeseed oil by utilizing the equipment, the method combines soaking swelling and drying heat treatment technology, can ensure that the rapeseed fully absorbs moisture and swells, and the combination state of protein and grease is changed in the heat treatment process, the cell structure is loosened, the dissolution of grease in cells is promoted, and the oil extraction rate of free oil can reach about 94%.
The basic scheme of the invention is as follows: the rapeseed oil production equipment adopting the leaching method comprises an oil pressing cylinder and a leacher, wherein the top of the oil pressing cylinder is provided with an opening, the leacher is arranged in the oil pressing cylinder, the top of the oil pressing cylinder is provided with a feeding hopper, and the bottom of the oil pressing cylinder is connected with an oil outlet pipe; the oil pressing cylinder comprises a crushing part and a leaching part which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a filter screen is arranged at the connection part of the crushing part and the leaching part, and the leacher is arranged in the leaching part;
the crushing part comprises a second gear and a second rotating shaft, the second gear is arranged above the filter screen, the second rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the second gear and the filter screen, the bottom of the second rotating shaft is connected with the leacher, and the second rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the second gear;
the crushing portion is further connected with a driving unlocking mechanism, the driving unlocking mechanism comprises a first gear, a first rotating shaft and a swinging assembly, the first gear is externally meshed with the second gear, the first rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the bottom end of the first gear, the top of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the swinging assembly, and the swinging assembly drives the first gear to be meshed with the second gear or drives the first gear to be away from the second gear.
Preferably, the swing assembly comprises a translation assembly, the translation assembly is arranged outside the oil extracting barrel, and the translation assembly comprises a connecting rod, a connecting plate and a rocker arm;
the utility model discloses a rocking arm, including first pivot, connecting lug top swing joint, connecting lug is connected with the connecting lug, and this connecting lug does not rotate along with first pivot synchronization, open the connecting groove that has the type of falling T above the connecting lug, connecting rod one end demountable installation is in this connecting groove, the other end and the connecting plate fixed connection of connecting rod, this connecting plate fixed mounting are on the rocking arm, the rocking handle is installed at the rocking arm top.
Preferably, the swing assembly further comprises a longitudinal moving assembly, the longitudinal moving assembly comprises a driving rod, a sliding slider, a sliding rotating shaft and a supporting base plate, the supporting base plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the oil extracting barrel, first sliding grooves distributed in the radial direction are formed in the side face of the supporting base plate, the sliding slider is connected with the first sliding grooves in a sliding mode, the sliding rotating shaft is connected with the sliding slider, an axial hole is formed in the sliding rotating shaft, the driving rod penetrates through the axial hole, and the top of the driving rod is connected with the rocker arm.
Preferably, the driving rod is an external thread rod, an internal thread is arranged in the axial hole of the sliding rotating shaft, and the driving rod is in threaded fit with the axial hole.
Preferably, the leacher includes dissolving layer and solvent subassembly, the below of filter screen is located to the solvent subassembly, just the solvent subassembly includes shower head, solvent pump, shower head support and second pivot below swing joint, and this shower head support does not rotate along with the second pivot is synchronous, the solvent pump is installed in shower head support top, the solvent pump the inside solvent naphtha of the grease of dissoluble rape seed is equipped with, the solvent pump below is connected with the shower head, dissolving layer top is arranged in to the shower head, dissolving layer installs in second pivot below.
Preferably, the spray header support is provided with a second chute in an opening, and the solvent pump is slidably connected in the second chute.
Preferably, dissolve the layer below and still be equipped with the desolventizing subassembly, the desolventizing subassembly includes desolventizing layer and stoving shower nozzle, the stoving shower nozzle is located dissolve layer below, and this stoving shower nozzle orientation dissolves the layer, the desolventizing layer is located stoving shower nozzle below, and this desolventizing layer with second pivot bottom is connected.
Preferably, dissolve the layer including the mount, from last first dissolving layer, the second that distributes in proper order down dissolve layer and third and dissolve the layer, first dissolving layer, second dissolve layer and third dissolve the layer and install in the mount, just first dissolving layer, second dissolve the interval distance between the layer and the third and dissolve the layer and be 5-10 cm.
Preferably, the fixed frame of the dissolving layer and the outer side of the desolventizing layer are also connected with a lifting assembly.
The invention also provides a leaching method for preparing the rapeseed oil by adopting the equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely screening the rapeseed to remove solid particle impurities and decomposed particles in the rapeseed, and selecting high-quality rapeseed particles;
s2, soaking, namely, screening the screened dry vegetable seeds to obtain dry vegetable seeds; water ═ 1 g: (3-5 mL), adding the dried rapeseed into water, soaking for 0.5-6 hours, taking out the rapeseed after soaking, and draining to obtain the soaked rapeseed;
s3, drying the obtained soaked rapeseed at 110-140 ℃ for 1.7-2 h to obtain the dried rapeseed;
s4, pre-crushing the dried rapeseed to an average particle size of 100-150 μm;
s5, preparing solvent oil, wherein the solvent oil is a mixed solution of normal hexane and isopropanol,
s6, extracting oil by using professional rapeseed oil preparation equipment, wherein the equipment comprises an oil pressing cylinder, a leacher is arranged in the oil pressing cylinder, a crushing part is arranged above the leacher, before the equipment is started, a second gear is not meshed with a first gear, after a translation component and a longitudinal movement component are adjusted to enable the second gear to be meshed with the first gear, a rocking handle is rotated to adjust the longitudinal position of the first gear, a sliding slide block is moved to support the position on a bottom plate to adjust the horizontal position of the first gear, the equipment is started, rapeseed poured from a top feeding hopper is crushed by the crushing part, the pre-crushed material is crushed to 10-30 mu m in volume average particle size, the crushed rapeseed particles reaching the index enter the leacher through a filter screen, the rapeseed particles firstly enter a dissolving layer, a solvent pump and a spray head are arranged above the dissolving layer, and solvent oil in the solvent pump is pumped into the spray head on the leacher, then spray the vegetable seed grain of solvent oil top through the shower head, the dissolving layer is equipped with the multilayer, the extension dissolving time, improve the dissolution rate, and be equipped with the stoving shower nozzle below the dissolving layer, this stoving shower nozzle is facing to dissolving layer steam jet, carry out the vegetable seed grain heat preservation that evaporates and takes off to the meal that leaches wet, the temperature and the humidity of vegetable seed grain when keeping dissolving, and because the boiling point of solvent oil is less than the vegetable seed oil, under the effect of high temperature steam, the solvent oil evaporates earlier, leave the vegetable seed oil after the desolventization and enter into the barrel bottom through the desolventizing layer and flow out through the outlet pipe, and the in-process of the upward motion of evaporating solvent oil, because the temperature of dissolving layer top is lower, the gradual liquefaction of evaporating solvent oil gets back to dissolving layer and continues to participate in the dissolution of vegetable seed.
The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows:
(1) before the equipment is started, the second gear is not meshed with the first gear, after the translation assembly and the longitudinal movement assembly are adjusted to enable the second gear to be meshed with the first gear, the rocking handle is rotated to adjust the longitudinal position of the first gear, and the sliding slide block is moved to support the position on the bottom plate to adjust the horizontal position of the first gear;
(2) rapeseed oil is processed and crushed by the first gear and the second gear above the filter screen, the pre-crushed material is crushed to the average volume particle size of 10-30 mu m, rapeseed which does not reach the particle size range can not enter the filter screen and is left above the filter screen to be continuously crushed, and the oil yield of the rapeseed which is subjected to two crushing treatments is higher;
(3) by combining the soaking swelling and drying heat treatment technologies, the rapeseed can be guaranteed to fully absorb moisture and swell, the combination state of protein and grease is changed in the heat treatment process, the cell structure is loosened, the dissolution of grease in cells is promoted, and the free oil extraction rate can reach about 94%;
(4) the drying spray head is arranged below the dissolving layer, the drying spray head sprays steam to the dissolving layer, rapeseed grains steamed and removed from leached wet meal are kept warm, the temperature and the humidity of the rapeseed grains are kept during dissolving, and because the boiling point of solvent oil is lower than that of the rapeseed oil, the solvent oil is evaporated firstly under the action of high-temperature steam, the rapeseed oil left after desolventizing enters the bottom layer of the oil pressing cylinder through the desolventizing layer and flows out through the oil outlet pipe, and in the upward movement process of the evaporated solvent oil, because the temperature above the dissolving layer is lower, the evaporated solvent oil is gradually liquefied and returns to the dissolving layer to continue to participate in dissolving of the rapeseed grains, the dissolved rapeseed stays below the dissolving layer, and is dripped from top to bottom through the solvent oil, evaporated and cooled from bottom to top, the rapeseed is dissolved and extracted through repeated reaction, so that the oil extraction rate of the rapeseed oil reaches more than 95.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a rapeseed oil preparation device by a leaching method;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a rapeseed oil preparation plant by leaching according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the rapeseed oil preparation plant by the leaching method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the rapeseed oil production facility of the leaching process of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a right view of the rapeseed oil preparation device by the leaching method.
Reference numerals referred to in the drawings are: the device comprises a leacher 1, a dissolving layer 101, a desolventizing layer 102, a drying spray head 103, a lifting assembly 104, a solvent assembly 2, a spray head bracket 201, a second chute 201a, a spray head 202, a solvent pump 203, a crushing part 3, a second gear 301, a second rotating shaft 302, a translation assembly 4, a rocker arm 401, a connecting plate 402, a rocking handle 403, a first gear 404, a first rotating shaft 405, a connecting lug 406, a connecting groove 407, a longitudinal moving assembly 5, a supporting base plate 501, a first chute 502, a driving rod 503, a sliding slide block 504 and a sliding rotating shaft 505.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:
the first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the rapeseed oil preparation equipment by leaching method comprises an oil pressing cylinder and a leacher 1, wherein the top of the oil pressing cylinder is open, the leacher 1 is arranged in the oil pressing cylinder, the top of the oil pressing cylinder is provided with a feeding hopper, and the bottom of the oil pressing cylinder is connected with an oil outlet pipe; the oil pressing cylinder comprises a crushing part 3 and a leaching part which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a filter screen is arranged at the connection part of the crushing part 3 and the leaching part, and a leacher 1 is arranged in the leaching part;
the crushing part 3 comprises a second gear 301 and a second rotating shaft 302, the second gear 301 is arranged above the filter screen, the second rotating shaft 302 sequentially penetrates through the second gear 301 and the filter screen, the bottom of the second rotating shaft 302 is connected with the leacher 1, and the second rotating shaft 302 is in transmission connection with the second gear 301;
the crushing part 3 is also connected with a driving unlocking mechanism, the driving unlocking mechanism comprises a first gear 404, a first rotating shaft 405 and a swinging component, the first gear 404 is externally meshed with the second gear 301, the first rotating shaft 405 is in transmission connection with the bottom end of the first gear 404, the top of the first rotating shaft 405 is fixedly connected with the swinging component, the swinging component drives the first gear 404 to be meshed with the second gear 301 or drives the first gear 404 to be far away from the second gear 301, the pretreated dried vegetable seeds enter the oil extracting barrel through the feeding hopper, firstly, crushing treatment is carried out through the crushing part 3, a filter screen is arranged below the crushing part 3, the crushed vegetable seeds can enter the extracting part through the filter screen for extraction treatment after reaching a certain particle size, and when the crushing part 3 operates, the gear transmission is realized, when the speed is too high, the driving torque is large, danger can be caused, and the equipment can be damaged in serious cases, so the driving unlocking component is arranged, when the second gear 301 is meshed with the first gear 404, rapeseed is crushed, and when the swing assembly drives the first gear 404 to be separated from the second gear 301, the first gear 404 and the second gear 301 stop operating, so that the whole process is smooth, and potential safety hazards caused by overhigh gear transmission speed can be avoided.
Preferably, the swing assembly comprises a translation assembly 4, the translation assembly 4 is arranged outside the oil extracting barrel, and the translation assembly 4 comprises a connecting rod, a connecting plate 402 and a rocker arm 401;
the top of the first rotating shaft 405 is movably connected with a connecting lug 406, the connecting lug 406 does not synchronously rotate along with the first rotating shaft 405, an inverted T-shaped connecting groove 407 is formed above the connecting lug 406, one end of a connecting rod is detachably mounted in the connecting groove 407, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 402, the connecting plate 402 is fixedly mounted on the rocker arm 401, and the top of the rocker arm 401 is provided with a rocker handle 403.
Preferably, the swing assembly further comprises a longitudinal moving assembly 5, the longitudinal moving assembly 5 comprises a driving rod 503, a sliding block 504, a sliding rotating shaft 505 and a supporting bottom plate 501, the supporting bottom plate 501 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the oil extracting barrel, first sliding grooves 502 distributed in the radial direction are formed in the side surface of the supporting bottom plate 501, the sliding block 504 is connected with the first sliding grooves 502 in a sliding mode, the sliding rotating shaft 505 is connected with the sliding block 504, an axial hole is formed in the sliding rotating shaft 505, the driving rod 503 penetrates through the axial hole, and the top of the driving rod 503 is connected with the rocker arm 401.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the rapeseed oil preparation equipment by leaching method comprises an oil pressing cylinder and a leacher 1, wherein the top of the oil pressing cylinder is open, the leacher 1 is arranged in the oil pressing cylinder, the top of the oil pressing cylinder is provided with a feeding hopper, and the bottom of the oil pressing cylinder is connected with an oil outlet pipe; the oil pressing cylinder comprises a crushing part 3 and a leaching part which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a filter screen is arranged at the connection part of the crushing part 3 and the leaching part, and a leacher 1 is arranged in the leaching part;
the crushing part 3 comprises a second gear 301 and a second rotating shaft 302, the second gear 301 is arranged above the filter screen, the second rotating shaft 302 sequentially penetrates through the second gear 301 and the filter screen, the bottom of the second rotating shaft 302 is connected with the leacher 1, and the second rotating shaft 302 is in transmission connection with the second gear 301;
the crushing part 3 is also connected with a driving unlocking mechanism, the driving unlocking mechanism comprises a first gear 404, a first rotating shaft 405 and a swinging component, the first gear 404 is externally meshed with the second gear 301, the first rotating shaft 405 is in transmission connection with the bottom end of the first gear 404, the top of the first rotating shaft 405 is fixedly connected with the swinging component, the swinging component drives the first gear 404 to be meshed with the second gear 301 or drives the first gear 404 to be far away from the second gear 301, the pretreated dried vegetable seeds enter the oil extracting barrel through the feeding hopper, firstly, crushing treatment is carried out through the crushing part 3, a filter screen is arranged below the crushing part 3, the crushed vegetable seeds can enter the extracting part through the filter screen for extraction treatment after reaching a certain particle size, and when the crushing part 3 operates, the gear transmission is realized, when the speed is too high, the driving torque is large, danger can be caused, and the equipment can be damaged in serious cases, so the driving unlocking component is arranged, when the second gear 301 is meshed with the first gear 404, rapeseed is crushed, and when the swing assembly drives the first gear 404 to be separated from the second gear 301, the first gear 404 and the second gear 301 stop operating, so that the whole process is smooth, and potential safety hazards caused by overhigh gear transmission speed can be avoided.
Preferably, the swing assembly comprises a translation assembly 4, the translation assembly 4 is arranged outside the oil extracting barrel, and the translation assembly 4 comprises a connecting rod, a connecting plate 402 and a rocker arm 401;
the top of the first rotating shaft 405 is movably connected with a connecting lug 406, the connecting lug 406 does not synchronously rotate along with the first rotating shaft 405, an inverted T-shaped connecting groove 407 is formed above the connecting lug 406, one end of a connecting rod is detachably mounted in the connecting groove 407, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 402, the connecting plate 402 is fixedly mounted on the rocker arm 401, and the top of the rocker arm 401 is provided with a rocker handle 403.
Preferably, the swing assembly further comprises a longitudinal moving assembly 5, the longitudinal moving assembly 5 comprises a driving rod 503, a sliding block 504, a sliding rotating shaft 505 and a supporting bottom plate 501, the supporting bottom plate 501 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the oil extracting barrel, first sliding grooves 502 distributed in the radial direction are formed in the side surface of the supporting bottom plate 501, the sliding block 504 is connected with the first sliding grooves 502 in a sliding mode, the sliding rotating shaft 505 is connected with the sliding block 504, an axial hole is formed in the sliding rotating shaft 505, the driving rod 503 penetrates through the axial hole, and the top of the driving rod 503 is connected with the rocker arm 401.
Preferably, the driving rod 503 is a male screw rod, the axial hole of the sliding shaft 505 is provided with a female screw, and the driving rod 503 is in threaded fit with the axial hole.
Preferably, the leacher comprises a dissolving layer 101 and a solvent assembly 2, the solvent assembly 2 is arranged below the filter screen, the solvent assembly 2 comprises a spray header 202, a solvent pump 203 and a spray header 202 support 201, the spray header 202 support 201 is movably connected with the lower portion of the second rotating shaft 302, the spray header 202 support 201 does not synchronously rotate along with the second rotating shaft 302, the solvent pump 203 is arranged above the spray header 202 support 201, solvent oil capable of dissolving grease of rapeseed is filled in the solvent pump 203, the lower portion of the solvent pump 203 is connected with the spray header 202, the spray header 202 is arranged above the dissolving layer 101, and the dissolving layer 101 is arranged below the second rotating shaft 302.
Preferably, the bracket 201 of the shower head 202 is opened with a second chute 201a, and the solvent pump 203 is slidably connected in the second chute 201 a.
Preferably, a desolventizing assembly is further arranged below the dissolving layer 101, the desolventizing assembly comprises a desolventizing layer 102 and a drying spray head 103, the drying spray head 103 is arranged below the dissolving layer 101, the drying spray head 103 faces the dissolving layer 101, the desolventizing layer 102 is arranged below the drying spray head 103, and the desolventizing layer 102 is connected with the bottom of the second rotating shaft 302.
Preferably, the dissolving layer 101 comprises a fixed frame, and a first dissolving layer, a second dissolving layer and a third dissolving layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, the first dissolving layer, the second dissolving layer and the third dissolving layer are installed in the fixed frame, the spacing distance between the first dissolving layer, the second dissolving layer and the third dissolving layer is 5-10cm, the dissolving layer 101 is divided into three layers, the dissolving time is delayed, the solvent oil is directly contacted with the sprayed steam to be evaporated when reaching the third dissolving layer at the bottom, the evaporated solvent oil gradually passes through the first dissolving layer, the second dissolving layer and the third dissolving layer when moving upwards, the temperature is gradually reduced, then the evaporated solvent oil is gradually liquefied, the solvent oil is recycled, and the extraction rate of the rapeseed oil is improved in the evaporating and cooling process of the solvent oil.
Preferably, the fixed frame of the dissolving layer 101 and the outer side of the desolventizing layer 102 are further connected with a lifting assembly 104.
The invention also provides a leaching method for preparing the rapeseed oil by adopting the equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely screening the rapeseed to remove solid particle impurities and decomposed particles in the rapeseed, and selecting high-quality rapeseed particles;
s2, soaking, namely, screening the screened dry vegetable seeds to obtain dry vegetable seeds; water ═ 1 g: (3-5 mL), adding the dried rapeseed into water, soaking for 0.5-6 hours, taking out the rapeseed after soaking, and draining to obtain the soaked rapeseed;
s3, drying the obtained soaked rapeseed at 110-140 ℃ for 1.7-2 h to obtain the dried rapeseed;
s4, pre-crushing the dried rapeseed to an average particle size of 100-150 μm;
s5, preparing solvent oil, wherein the solvent oil is a mixed solution of normal hexane and isopropanol,
s6, extracting oil by using professional rapeseed oil preparation equipment, wherein the equipment comprises an oil pressing cylinder, an extractor 1 is arranged in the oil pressing cylinder, a crushing part 3 is arranged above the extractor 1, before the equipment is started, a second gear 301 is not meshed with a first gear 404, after a translation component 4 and a longitudinal movement component 5 are adjusted to enable the second gear 301 to be meshed with the first gear 404, a rocking handle 403 is rotated to adjust the longitudinal position of the first gear 404, a sliding block 504 is moved to support the position on a bottom plate 501 to adjust the horizontal position of the first gear 404, the equipment is started, rapeseed poured from a top feeding hopper is crushed by the crushing part 3, the pre-crushed material is crushed to the volume average particle size of 10-30 mu m, the crushed rapeseed particles reaching the index enter the extractor 1 through a filter screen, the rapeseed particles enter a dissolving layer 101, a solvent pump 203 and a spray head 202 are arranged above the dissolving layer 101, the solvent oil in the solvent pump 203 is pumped into a spray header 202 on the leacher, then the solvent oil is sprayed to the vegetable seeds above the dissolving layer 101 through the spray header 202, the dissolving layer 101 is provided with a plurality of layers, the dissolving time is prolonged, the dissolving rate is improved, a drying spray head 103 is arranged below the dissolving layer 101, the drying nozzle 103 sprays steam to the dissolving layer 101 to keep the temperature and humidity of the vegetable seeds evaporated from the leached wet meal, and because the boiling point of the solvent oil is lower than that of the vegetable seeds, under the action of high-temperature steam, the solvent oil is firstly evaporated, the remaining desolventized rapeseed oil enters the bottom layer of the oil pressing cylinder through the desolventizing layer 102 and flows out through the oil outlet pipe, and the evaporated solvent oil moves upwards, due to the lower temperature above the dissolution layer 101, the evaporated solvent oil gradually liquefies back to the dissolution layer 101 to continue to participate in the dissolution of the vegetable seeds.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.
Claims (10)
1. The rapeseed oil production equipment adopting the leaching method comprises an oil pressing cylinder and a leacher, wherein the top of the oil pressing cylinder is provided with an opening, the leacher is arranged in the oil pressing cylinder, the top of the oil pressing cylinder is provided with a feeding hopper, and the bottom of the oil pressing cylinder is connected with an oil outlet pipe; the method is characterized in that: the oil pressing cylinder comprises a crushing part and a leaching part which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a filter screen is arranged at the connection part of the crushing part and the leaching part, and the leacher is arranged in the leaching part;
the crushing part comprises a second gear and a second rotating shaft, the second gear is arranged above the filter screen, the second rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the second gear and the filter screen, the bottom of the second rotating shaft is connected with the leacher, and the second rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the second gear;
the crushing portion is further connected with a driving unlocking mechanism, the driving unlocking mechanism comprises a first gear, a first rotating shaft and a swinging assembly, the first gear is externally meshed with the second gear, the first rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the bottom end of the first gear, the top of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the swinging assembly, and the swinging assembly drives the first gear to be meshed with the second gear or drives the first gear to be away from the second gear.
2. A rapeseed oil extraction plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the swinging assembly comprises a translation assembly, the translation assembly is arranged outside the oil extracting barrel, and the translation assembly comprises a connecting rod, a connecting plate and a rocker arm;
the utility model discloses a rocking arm, including first pivot, connecting lug top swing joint, connecting lug is connected with the connecting lug, and this connecting lug does not rotate along with first pivot synchronization, open the connecting groove that has the type of falling T above the connecting lug, connecting rod one end demountable installation is in this connecting groove, the other end and the connecting plate fixed connection of connecting rod, this connecting plate fixed mounting are on the rocking arm, the rocking handle is installed at the rocking arm top.
3. A rapeseed oil extraction plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: the swing assembly further comprises a longitudinal moving assembly, the longitudinal moving assembly comprises a driving rod, a sliding block, a sliding rotating shaft and a supporting base plate, the supporting base plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the oil extracting barrel, a first sliding groove which is radially distributed is formed in the side face of the supporting base plate, the sliding block is in sliding connection with the first sliding groove, the sliding rotating shaft is connected with the sliding block, an axial hole is formed in the sliding rotating shaft, the driving rod penetrates through the axial hole, and the top of the driving rod is connected with the rocker arm.
4. A rapeseed oil production plant according to the leaching process of claim 3, characterized in that: the actuating lever is external screw thread pole, the axial hole of slip pivot is equipped with the internal thread, actuating lever and axial hole screw-thread fit.
5. A rapeseed oil extraction plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: the leacher includes dissolving layer and solvent subassembly, the below of filter screen is located to the solvent subassembly, just the solvent subassembly includes shower head, solvent pump, shower head support and second pivot below swing joint, and this shower head support does not rotate along with the second pivot is synchronous, the solvent pump is installed in shower head support top, the solvent pump the inside is equipped with the solvent naphtha of the grease of soluble vegetable seed, the solvent pump below is connected with the shower head, the dissolving layer top is arranged in to the shower head, the dissolving layer is installed in second pivot below.
6. A rapeseed oil extraction plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper opening of the spray header support is provided with a second sliding groove, and the solvent pump is connected in the second sliding groove in a sliding manner.
7. A rapeseed oil extraction plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: dissolve the layer below and still be equipped with the desolventizing subassembly, the desolventizing subassembly includes desolventizing layer and stoving shower nozzle, the stoving shower nozzle is located dissolve the layer below, and should dry the shower nozzle and dissolve the layer towards, the desolventizing layer is located stoving shower nozzle below, and should desolventize the layer with second pivot bottom is connected.
8. A rapeseed oil production plant according to the leaching process of claim 7, characterized in that: the dissolving layer includes the mount, from last first dissolving layer, the second that distributes in proper order extremely down dissolves the layer and the third dissolves the layer, first dissolving layer, second dissolve layer and third dissolve the layer and install in the mount, just first dissolving layer, second dissolve the interval distance between the layer and the third dissolve the layer and be 5-10 cm.
9. A rapeseed oil extraction plant according to claim 8, characterized in that: the fixed frame of the dissolving layer and the outer side of the desolventizing layer are also connected with a lifting assembly.
10. The leaching method of a rapeseed oil extraction plant according to claim 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely screening the rapeseed to remove solid particle impurities and decomposed particles in the rapeseed, and selecting high-quality rapeseed particles;
s2, soaking, namely, screening the screened dry vegetable seeds to obtain dry vegetable seeds; water ═ 1 g: (3-5 mL), adding the dried rapeseed into water, soaking for 0.5-6 hours, taking out the rapeseed after soaking, and draining to obtain the soaked rapeseed;
s3, drying the obtained soaked rapeseed at 110-140 ℃ for 1.7-2 h to obtain the dried rapeseed;
s4, pre-crushing the dried rapeseed to an average particle size of 100-150 μm;
s5, preparing solvent oil, wherein the solvent oil is a mixed solution of normal hexane and isopropanol,
s6, extracting oil by using professional rapeseed oil preparation equipment, wherein the equipment comprises an oil pressing cylinder, a leacher is arranged in the oil pressing cylinder, a crushing part is arranged above the leacher, before the equipment is started, a second gear is not meshed with a first gear, after a translation component and a longitudinal movement component are adjusted to enable the second gear to be meshed with the first gear, a rocking handle is rotated to adjust the longitudinal position of the first gear, a sliding slide block is moved to support the position on a bottom plate to adjust the horizontal position of the first gear, the equipment is started, rapeseed poured from a top feeding hopper is crushed by the crushing part, the pre-crushed material is crushed to 10-30 mu m in volume average particle size, the crushed rapeseed particles reaching the index enter the leacher through a filter screen, the rapeseed particles firstly enter a dissolving layer, a solvent pump and a spray head are arranged above the dissolving layer, and solvent oil in the solvent pump is pumped into the spray head on the leacher, then spray the vegetable seed grain of solvent oil top through the shower head, the dissolving layer is equipped with the multilayer, the extension dissolving time, improve the dissolution rate, and be equipped with the stoving shower nozzle below the dissolving layer, this stoving shower nozzle is facing to dissolving layer steam jet, carry out the vegetable seed grain heat preservation that evaporates and takes off to the meal that leaches wet, the temperature and the humidity of vegetable seed grain when keeping dissolving, and because the boiling point of solvent oil is less than the vegetable seed oil, under the effect of high temperature steam, the solvent oil evaporates earlier, leave the vegetable seed oil after the desolventization and enter into the barrel bottom through the desolventizing layer and flow out through the outlet pipe, and the in-process of the upward motion of evaporating solvent oil, because the temperature of dissolving layer top is lower, the gradual liquefaction of evaporating solvent oil gets back to dissolving layer and continues to participate in the dissolution of vegetable seed.
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| CN202010852088.5A CN112011403A (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Equipment and method for preparing rapeseed oil by leaching method |
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Application publication date: 20201201 |