CN112010473A - Salt-containing liquid phase separation system and aluminum cell overhaul slag treatment system and method - Google Patents
Salt-containing liquid phase separation system and aluminum cell overhaul slag treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112010473A CN112010473A CN202010780561.3A CN202010780561A CN112010473A CN 112010473 A CN112010473 A CN 112010473A CN 202010780561 A CN202010780561 A CN 202010780561A CN 112010473 A CN112010473 A CN 112010473A
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007255 decyanation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003684 drug solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/04—Chlorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metallurgical production environment-friendly equipment, in particular to a salt-containing liquid phase separation system, an aluminum electrolysis cell overhaul slag treatment system and a method, which are used for the salt-containing liquid phase treatment of the aluminum electrolysis cell overhaul slag treatment system and comprise the following components: the clarifying tank is connected with a filter press for solid-liquid separation of the overhaul slag treatment system of the aluminum electrolytic cell and is used for clarifying a salt-containing liquid phase discharged by the filter press; and the electrodialyzer is connected with the clarifying tank and is used for performing electrodialysis treatment on the salt-containing liquid phase, and an outlet pipeline of the electrodialyzer comprises a strong brine pipeline and a weak brine pipeline; the strong brine pipeline is connected with the strong brine storage tank and used for storing the inflowing strong brine; and the fresh salt water pipeline is connected with the reverse osmosis device, and the fresh salt water flowing in is subjected to reverse osmosis and is sent into a desalination water tank for storing new water required by solid-liquid separation of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system. The device has the advantages of simple structure, novel and reasonable design, energy conservation and emission reduction, achieves the purpose of resource utilization, and has strong popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgical production environment-friendly equipment, in particular to a salt-containing liquid phase separation system and an aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system.
Background
The overhaul slag of the aluminum electrolysis cell is an inner lining removed after the electrolytic cell is damaged, and the overhaul slag is listed in a dangerous waste list due to the fluorine/cyanogen. The existing overhaul slag treatment process comprises a fire method and a wet method, wherein the fire method cannot be popularized and applied due to high energy consumption, and the wet method treatment is the mainstream technology of the existing overhaul slag treatment. The wet treatment is to add oxidant into the overhaul slag to decompose and detoxify cyanide ions, and add Ca2+/Mg2+/Al3+ to form corresponding fluoride salt precipitate for detoxification. The method has high efficiency and stable detoxification effect, and is accepted by the industry. During the wet treatment, the precipitate of F ions is removed while soluble sodium salts, usually sodium chloride, are formed. Along with the repeated progress of detoxification reaction, the concentration of sodium chloride is higher in the circulating water, and the attached liquid existing in the tailings after solid-liquid separation also brings more soluble salt into the tailings. The high content of soluble salts causes great difficulty in recycling the tailings. The method of simply adopting water washing can generate a large amount of brine, which not only causes waste of water resources, but also causes a new problem of discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a salt-containing liquid phase separation system and an aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system, which have the advantages of simple structure, novel and reasonable design, energy conservation and emission reduction, and achieve the purpose of resource utilization.
According to the design scheme provided by the invention, the salt-containing liquid phase separation system is used for the salt-containing liquid phase treatment of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system and comprises the following components: the clarifying tank is connected with a filter press for solid-liquid separation of the overhaul slag treatment system of the aluminum electrolytic cell and is used for clarifying a salt-containing liquid phase discharged by the filter press; and the electrodialyzer is connected with the clarifying tank and is used for performing electrodialysis treatment on the salt-containing liquid phase, and an outlet pipeline of the electrodialyzer comprises a strong brine pipeline and a weak brine pipeline; the strong brine pipeline is connected with the strong brine storage tank and used for storing the inflowing strong brine; and the fresh salt water pipeline is connected with the reverse osmosis device, and the fresh salt water flowing in is subjected to reverse osmosis and is sent into a desalination water tank for storing new water required by solid-liquid separation of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system.
As the liquid phase separation system containing salt, a filtrate tank is arranged between the clarifying tank and the electrodialyzer; the clarifying tank is provided with an overflow port, clear liquid after clarifying treatment flows out of the overflow port and enters a filtrate tank, and liquid in the filtrate tank is pumped to an electrodialyzer for electrodialysis treatment.
As the liquid phase separation system containing salt, the strong brine storage tank is further connected with an evaporator for salt recovery, and a condensate outlet end of the evaporator is connected into a desalination water tank for storing fresh water required by solid-liquid separation of the overhaul slag treatment system of the aluminum electrolytic tank through a pipeline.
As the liquid phase separation system containing salt, the desalting water tank is further connected with a circulating liquid tank for storing new water required by the dissolution medicament and/or leaching reaction of the overhaul slag treatment system of the aluminum electrolytic tank.
Further, the invention also provides an aluminum cell overhaul slag treatment system, which is used for resource utilization treatment of the aluminum cell overhaul slag and comprises: the powder making equipment is used for crushing the overhaul slag; the reaction bin is connected with the powder making equipment and used for performing harmless treatment on powder output by the powder making equipment, and comprises a first reaction bin for cyanogen removal reaction and a second reaction bin for fluorine removal reaction; a third reaction bin which is connected with the first reaction bin or the second reaction bin and is used for buffering treatment is connected with a filter press for solid-liquid separation; and the salt-containing liquid phase separation system is connected with the filter press and is used for separating and treating a salt-containing liquid phase so as to obtain the circulating water of the overhaul slag resource utilization system.
As the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system, the powder making equipment comprises a box-type crusher connected with an ore feeding bin, a lump material bin connected with the box-type crusher, a ball mill connected with the lump material bin, and a powder bin connected with the ball mill.
As the aluminum cell overhaul slag treatment system, a powder measuring bin is further arranged between the powder bin and the reaction bin.
Further, the invention also provides a method for treating the overhaul slag of the aluminum electrolytic cell, which comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, crushing and pulverizing overhaul residues of an aluminum electrolytic cell;
b. sequentially conveying the obtained overhaul slag powder to a first reaction bin and a second reaction bin in sequence, and performing a decyanation reaction and a defluorination reaction to obtain an overhaul slag material after harmless treatment;
c. feeding the obtained harmless treated overhaul slag material into a third reaction bin for buffering;
d. sending the buffered overhaul residue material to a filter press for solid-liquid separation, and washing a filter cake obtained after separation by using non-saline water to obtain a salt-free solid phase and a salt-containing liquid phase;
e. the obtained salt-free solid phase is used for building materials; and (3) recovering the salt of the obtained salt-containing liquid phase by using the salt-containing liquid phase separation system of claim 1 to obtain non-salt water, and conveying the non-salt water serving as new water to a cyanogen removal, fluorine removal and leaching reaction section for recycling.
As the aluminum cell overhaul slag treatment method, further, the aluminum cell overhaul slag mineral aggregate is prepared into 100-200 mu m overhaul slag powder after being crushed.
As the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment method, further, in the salt recovery process, electrodialysis is carried out on the transported salt-containing water to obtain 150-250 g/L concentrated salt water and 10-12g/L light salt water; for the strong brine, salt recovery is carried out on the strong brine by using an evaporator, and condensate water generated in the recovery process is conveyed to a desalination water tank for storing fresh water in a water washing working section; for the weak brine, the reverse osmosis device is used for obtaining the desalted water, and the desalted water is conveyed to the desalting water tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has novel and reasonable design, the overhaul slag obtained by wet treatment can be washed, the solid phase (overhaul slag tailings) after washing soluble salt can be widely used as building materials, the liquid phase can be thickened by using a salt-containing liquid phase separation system through electrodialysis to respectively obtain strong brine and weak brine, the strong brine enters an evaporator to be evaporated to obtain sodium chloride, and the condensed water can enter the system again for use; the desalted water obtained by further desalting the dilute brine through reverse osmosis is returned to the washing section to wash the overhaul residues after wet treatment, the overhaul residues are recycled, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, the purpose of resource utilization is achieved, and the method has high popularization and application values.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a salt-containing liquid phase separation system in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a slag treatment system for the overhaul of an aluminum electrolysis cell in the embodiment.
In the figure, reference numeral 100 denotes a filtrate tank, reference numeral 101 denotes an electrodialyzer and a reverse osmosis apparatus, reference numeral 102 denotes a desalination water tank, reference numeral 103 denotes a circulation water tank, reference numeral 104 denotes a concentrated brine tank, reference numeral 105 denotes a salt separator, reference numeral 106 denotes a salt precipitator, and reference numeral 107 denotes a separator; reference numeral 200 denotes a hopper, reference numeral 201 denotes a seal feeder, reference numeral 202 denotes a box crusher, reference numeral 203 denotes an iron remover, reference numeral 204 denotes a belt conveyor, reference numerals 2051, 2052, 2053 denote bucket elevators, reference numeral 206 denotes a lump material silo, reference numeral 207 denotes a vibratory feeder, reference numeral 208 denotes a ball mill, reference numeral 209 denotes a powder silo, reference numerals 2101, 2102 denote screw conveyors, reference numeral 211 denotes a powder metering silo, reference numeral 2121 denotes a reaction silo one, reference numeral 2122 denotes a reaction silo two, reference numeral 2123 denotes a reaction silo three, reference numeral 2131 denotes a chemical silo a, reference numeral 2132 denotes a chemical silo B, and reference numeral 214 denotes a clearing sump.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical solutions, and embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail by way of preferred examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The overhaul slag of the aluminum electrolytic cell contains cathode carbon blocks, refractory bricks, binding paste, insulating bricks, refractory powder, refractory mortar, heat insulating boards, infiltrated metals and electrolytes and a small amount of aluminum nitride and cyanide salts. During wet treatment of the overhaul residues of the aluminum electrolysis cell, soluble sodium salt, usually sodium chloride, is generated while F ions are precipitated and removed. The concentration of sodium chloride will increase in the circulating water as the detoxification reaction is repeated. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the process of performing harmless and recycling treatment on the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag, there is provided an aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system for recycling treatment of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag, comprising: the powder making equipment is used for crushing the overhaul slag; the reaction bin is connected with the powder making equipment and is used for carrying out harmless treatment on powder output by the powder making equipment, and the reaction bin comprises a first reaction bin 2121 for cyanogen removal reaction and a first reaction bin 2122 for fluorine removal reaction; a reaction bin III 2123 connected with the reaction bin I2121 or the reaction bin II 2122 and used for buffering treatment, and a filter press used for solid-liquid separation connected with the reaction bin III 2123; and the salt-containing liquid phase separation system is connected with the filter press and is used for separating and treating a salt-containing liquid phase so as to obtain the circulating water of the overhaul slag resource utilization system.
Wherein, the liquid phase separation system containing salt, as shown in figure 1, comprises: the powder making equipment is used for crushing the overhaul slag; the reaction bin is connected with the powder making equipment and is used for carrying out harmless treatment on powder output by the powder making equipment, and the reaction bin comprises a first reaction bin 2121 for cyanogen removal reaction and a second reaction bin 2122 for fluorine removal reaction; a reaction bin III 2123 connected with the reaction bin I2121 or the reaction bin II 2122 and used for buffering treatment, and a filter press used for solid-liquid separation connected with the reaction bin III 2123; and the salt-containing liquid phase separation system is connected with the filter press and is used for separating and treating a salt-containing liquid phase so as to obtain the circulating water of the overhaul slag resource utilization system. The chemical chamber a and the chemical chamber B can be used for storing a cyanogen removing agent and a fluorine removing agent or a fluorine removing agent and a cyanogen removing agent respectively, so that corresponding reactions can be performed by adding corresponding chemicals to the reaction chamber one 2121 and the reaction chamber two 2122. After the overhaul residues obtained by wet treatment are washed, a solid phase (overhaul residue tailings) after soluble salt is washed away can be widely used as a building material, a liquid phase can be thickened by using a salt-containing liquid phase separation system through electrodialysis to respectively obtain strong brine and weak brine, the strong brine enters an evaporator to be evaporated to obtain sodium chloride, and condensed water can enter the system again for use; the desalted water obtained by further desalting the dilute brine through reverse osmosis is returned to the washing section to wash the overhaul residues after wet treatment, the overhaul residues are recycled, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, the purpose of resource utilization is achieved, and the method has high popularization and application values.
As the liquid phase separation system containing salt in the embodiment of the present invention, further, a filtrate tank 100 is provided between the clarifier 214 and the electrodialyzer; the clarifying tank 214 is provided with an overflow port, clear liquid after clarifying treatment flows out of the overflow port and enters the filtrate tank 100, and liquid in the filtrate tank 100 is pumped to an electrodialyzer for electrodialysis treatment. As shown in FIG. 2, clear solution in the clarifier 214 continuously flows out from the overflow port into the filtrate tank 100; the bottom turbid liquid can be returned to the third 2123 reaction bin regularly/irregularly. The filtrate tank 100 liquid can obtain concentrated brine with the concentration of 200g/L and dilute brine with the concentration of 10-12g/L after electrodialysis.
As the liquid phase separation system containing salt in the embodiment of the invention, further, the strong brine storage tank is also connected with an evaporator for salt recovery, and the outlet end of the evaporator condensate water is connected to the desalination water tank 102 for storing fresh water required by solid-liquid separation of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system through a pipeline.
As the liquid phase separation system containing salt in the embodiment of the present invention, further, the desalination water tank 102 is further connected to a circulation liquid tank 103 for storing new water required by the dissolution agent and/or leaching reaction of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system. The storage liquid in the circulation liquid tank 103 can also be pumped to a water washing section for washing the filter cake. Further, as shown in fig. 1, the evaporator may be further connected with a separator 107 for performing a secondary evaporation separation; the condensed water outlet of the separator 107 is connected with the desalted water tank 102 through a pipeline, and the concentrated solution outlet thereof is connected into the salt precipitator 106 through a pipeline; the salt settling device 106 is connected with a salt separator 105 for salt-water separation, and the liquid outlet end of the salt separator is connected to the circulating liquid tank 103.
As the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system in the embodiment of the present invention, further, the powder manufacturing apparatus includes a box crusher 202 connected to the feed bin 200, a lump material bin 206 connected to the box crusher 202, a ball mill 208 connected to the lump material bin 206, and a powder bin 209 connected to the ball mill 208. The powder of 100-plus-200 mu m can be obtained by crushing and pulverizing the overhaul slag of the aluminum electrolytic cell, so as to facilitate the later-stage immersion reaction and improve the harmless treatment effect.
As the aluminum cell overhaul slag treatment system in the embodiment of the invention, a powder metering bin 211 is further arranged between the powder bin 209 and the reaction bin, so that the immersion reaction treatment is conveniently carried out according to the medicament proportion, and the reaction effect is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, the first reaction bin 2121, the second reaction bin 2122 and the third reaction bin 2123 can be provided with a stirring device, so that materials in the reaction bins can be stirred, and the pulping, leaching or reaction effects can be improved. Slurry pumps, water pumps or other pumping and/or pumping devices can be arranged in each pipeline connection to improve the conveying or water injection or slurry transfer efficiency. The raw materials are sent to an ore feeding bin 200, are conveyed to a box type crusher 202 through a sealed feeder 201, are further subjected to iron block removal through an iron remover 203, and are then sent to a block material bin 206 through a belt conveyor 204 and a bucket elevator; the vibrating feeder 207 is arranged at the lower part of the lump material bin 206, lump materials in the lump material bin 206 are conveniently conveyed to the ball mill 208 for powder making operation, coarse particles are screened out through screening in the powder making operation, fine materials can be further conveyed to the powder bin 209 through the bucket elevator, powder in the powder bin 209 can be further conveyed to the powder metering bin 211 through the screw conveyor and the bucket elevator, powder making equipment and a conveying line thereof are formed, and reaction materials to be leached are conveyed to the reaction bin.
In the invention, as shown in figure 1, overhaul slag is crushed into powder to prepare 100-200 mu m powder; the overhaul slag powder sequentially enters a reaction bin to react with a cyanogen removing agent and a fluorine removing agent, and the obtained overhaul slag after harmless treatment enters another reaction bin to be buffered; the circulation tank 103 supplies water for melting the chemical and water for leaching reaction. And the reacted material enters a filter press from the No. 3 reaction bin for solid-liquid separation. Washing the filter cake subjected to preliminary solid-liquid separation by using brine-free water on a filter press to obtain a salt-free solid phase and a salt-containing liquid phase; the solid phase can be used as a building material; the liquid phase is saline water and enters a clarifying tank 214 for further clarification treatment. The clear liquid continuously flows out from the overflow port and enters a filtrate storage tank; the bottom turbid liquid returns to another reaction bin regularly/irregularly. The filtrate tank 100 liquid can obtain concentrated brine with the concentration of 200g/L and dilute brine with the concentration of 10-12g/L through electrodialysis. The strong brine enters the strong brine storage tank and is pumped into the evaporator by the pump to obtain salt and condensate, and the condensate enters the desalination water tank 102. The desalinated water is subjected to reverse osmosis to obtain desalinated water, and the desalinated water enters the desalination water tank 102. The desalted water can be used as fresh water to replenish the circulating liquid tank 103 or wash the salt in the filter cake. According to the invention, brine can be separated through electrodialysis and reverse osmosis to obtain brine-free water which can be recycled, so that the consumption of the brine washing water is greatly reduced, the water is recycled, the consumption of the brine washing water is greatly reduced, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and the image and economic benefits of enterprises are improved.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for treating the overhaul slag of the aluminum electrolytic cell, which comprises the following steps: conveying the crushed overhaul slag powder to a reaction bin, and adding dissolved medicament water and leaching reaction water into the reaction bin to perform decyanation, defluorination and leaching reactions on the overhaul slag powder to obtain an innocent treated overhaul slag material; and (3) conveying the treated material to a filter press for solid-liquid separation and brine-free washing to obtain a salt-free solid phase and a salt-containing liquid phase, recovering the salt of the salt-containing liquid phase by using the salt-containing liquid phase separation system to obtain brine-free water, and conveying the brine-free water serving as new water to a cyanogen removal reaction section, a fluorine removal reaction section and a leaching reaction section for cyclic utilization.
In the wet treatment of the overhaul residues, after the overhaul residues are ground, in the process of washing, the overhaul residues are sequentially subjected to water leaching, alkali leaching and the like, fluoride and cyanide in the overhaul residues are completely leached into a solution, and the like. In the embodiment of the invention, the cyanogen removal, the fluorine removal and the leaching reaction can be carried out, the overhaul slag powder and water are stirred according to a certain mass ratio to obtain leaching slurry, and soluble fluoride and cyanide are fully dissolved out; and adding a cyanogen removing agent into one of the two reaction bins, stirring and reacting for a period of time, removing the cyanide, and adding a fluorine removing agent into the other reaction bin, stirring and reacting for a period of time, and removing the fluoride. The addition amount of the fluorine removing agent and the cyanogen removing agent refers to the content of cyanide and fluoride in the slurry after reaction. And (3) feeding the slurry after the reaction into a filter press for solid-liquid separation, and washing a filter cake obtained by primary solid-liquid separation on the filter press by using brine-free water to obtain a salt-free solid phase which can be used as a building material and a salt-containing liquid phase. Aiming at the salt-containing liquid phase, salt recovery is carried out by utilizing the salt-containing liquid phase separation system in the embodiment, and the obtained salt-free water is used as new water and is conveyed to a washing working section for cyclic utilization, so that the method is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and meets the standard reaching requirement.
The overhaul slag mineral aggregate of the aluminum electrolytic cell can be prepared into 100-200 mu m overhaul slag powder after being crushed, so as to be convenient for better leaching and drug solvent reaction. The cyanogen removing agent in the medicine solvent can be one or more of sodium chlorate, bleaching powder, hydrogen peroxide, bleaching powder essence and chlorine dioxide; the defluorinating agent can be one or more of calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide.
Further, in the salt recovery process, electrodialysis is carried out on the salt-containing water in conveying to obtain 150-250 g/L concentrated salt water and 10-12g/L light salt water; for the strong brine, salt recovery is carried out on the strong brine by using an evaporator, and condensate water generated in the recovery process is conveyed to a desalination water tank for storing fresh water in a water washing working section; aiming at the light salt water, the reverse osmosis device is used for obtaining desalted water, and the desalted water is conveyed to the desalting water tank, so that the recycling of water energy is realized, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, the purpose of resource utilization is achieved, and the method has high popularization and application values.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art, but any changes equivalent or similar to the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The term "and/or" herein means that three relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of this application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not necessarily denote a limitation of quantity. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, however, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the specific embodiments described above and various combinations of the technical features and structures proposed by the present invention may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A salt-containing liquid phase separation system for salt-containing liquid phase treatment in an aluminum electrolysis cell overhaul slag treatment system, comprising:
the clarifying tank is connected with a filter press for solid-liquid separation of the overhaul slag treatment system of the aluminum electrolytic cell and is used for clarifying a salt-containing liquid phase discharged by the filter press;
and the electrodialyzer is connected with the clarifying tank and is used for performing electrodialysis treatment on the salt-containing liquid phase, and an outlet pipeline of the electrodialyzer comprises a strong brine pipeline and a weak brine pipeline;
the strong brine pipeline is connected with the strong brine storage tank and used for storing the inflowing strong brine; and the fresh salt water pipeline is connected with the reverse osmosis device, and the fresh salt water flowing in is subjected to reverse osmosis and is sent into a desalination water tank for storing new water required by solid-liquid separation of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system.
2. The liquid phase separation system containing salt according to claim 1, wherein a filtrate tank is further provided between the clarifier and the electrodialyzer; the clarifying tank is provided with an overflow port, clear liquid after clarifying treatment flows out of the overflow port and enters a filtrate tank, and liquid in the filtrate tank is pumped to an electrodialyzer for electrodialysis treatment.
3. The saliferous liquid-phase separation system according to claim 1, wherein the concentrated brine storage tank is further connected with an evaporator for salt recovery, and a condensate outlet end of the evaporator is connected to a desalted water tank for storing fresh water required by solid-liquid separation of the aluminum electrolytic cell overhaul slag treatment system through a pipeline.
4. The saliferous liquid-phase separation system according to claim 3, wherein the desalination water tank is further connected with a circulating liquid tank for storing new water required by a dissolving agent and/or a leaching reaction of the aluminum electrolysis cell overhaul slag treatment system.
5. The utility model provides an aluminium cell overhaul sediment processing system for aluminium cell overhaul sediment utilization processing, its characterized in that contains:
the powder making equipment is used for crushing the overhaul slag;
the reaction bin is connected with the powder making equipment and used for performing harmless treatment on powder output by the powder making equipment, and comprises a first reaction bin for cyanogen removal reaction and a second reaction bin for fluorine removal reaction;
a third reaction bin which is connected with the first reaction bin or the second reaction bin and is used for buffering treatment is connected with a filter press for solid-liquid separation;
and the salt-containing liquid phase separation system of claim 1, which is connected with a filter press and used for separating and treating a salt-containing liquid phase so as to obtain the circulating water of the overhaul slag recycling system.
6. The aluminum reduction cell overhaul slag treatment system of claim 5, wherein the pulverizing equipment comprises a box crusher connected to a feed bin, a lump bin connected to the box crusher, a ball mill connected to the lump bin, and a powder bin connected to the ball mill.
7. The aluminum electrolysis cell overhaul slag treatment system according to claim 6, wherein a powder metering bin is further arranged between the powder bin and the reaction bin.
8. The method for treating the overhaul slag of the aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. firstly, crushing and pulverizing overhaul residues of an aluminum electrolytic cell;
b. sequentially conveying the obtained overhaul slag powder to a first reaction bin and a second reaction bin in sequence, and performing a decyanation reaction and a defluorination reaction to obtain an overhaul slag material after harmless treatment;
c. feeding the obtained harmless treated overhaul slag material into a third reaction bin for buffering;
d. sending the buffered overhaul residue material to a filter press for solid-liquid separation, and washing a filter cake obtained after separation by using non-saline water to obtain a salt-free solid phase and a salt-containing liquid phase;
e. the obtained salt-free solid phase is used for building materials; and (3) recovering the salt of the obtained salt-containing liquid phase by using the salt-containing liquid phase separation system of claim 1 to obtain non-salt water, and conveying the non-salt water serving as new water to a cyanogen removal, fluorine removal and leaching reaction section for recycling.
9. The aluminum electrolysis cell overhaul slag treatment method according to claim 8, wherein the particle size of the powder obtained in the step a is 100-200 μm.
10. The aluminum electrolysis cell overhaul slag treatment method according to claim 8, wherein in the salt recovery process in the step e, electrodialysis is performed on the transported salt-containing water to obtain 150-250 g/L concentrated brine and 10-12g/L light brine; recovering salt from the obtained strong brine by using an evaporator to obtain salt and condensate water, and conveying the obtained condensate water to a desalination water tank for storing fresh water in a water washing section; the obtained desalted water is obtained by a reverse osmosis device and is conveyed to a desalting water tank.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114377338A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-22 | 郑州鸿跃环保科技有限公司 | Treatment system and treatment method for detoxifying overhaul residues of aluminum electrolysis cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114377338A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-22 | 郑州鸿跃环保科技有限公司 | Treatment system and treatment method for detoxifying overhaul residues of aluminum electrolysis cell |
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