CN103408164A - Recycling method of electroplating wastewater containing copper nitrate - Google Patents
Recycling method of electroplating wastewater containing copper nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN103408164A CN103408164A CN2013103881779A CN201310388177A CN103408164A CN 103408164 A CN103408164 A CN 103408164A CN 2013103881779 A CN2013103881779 A CN 2013103881779A CN 201310388177 A CN201310388177 A CN 201310388177A CN 103408164 A CN103408164 A CN 103408164A
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Abstract
The invention provides a recycling method of electroplating wastewater containing copper nitrate and relates to the field of treatment methods of electroplating wastewater, aiming at providing a treatment method of electroplating wastewater containing copper nitrate, which is low in treatment cost, simple to operate, wide in application range, diversified in recycled products and relatively high in added value of products. The method mainly comprises the following steps: adding a small amount of distilled water into a reaction kettle to serve as base solution, starting a stirring device when the reaction temperature rises to 35-90 DEG C, adding the pre-treated electroplating wastewater containing copper nitrate and calcium oxide, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide slurry into the reaction kettle to react, filtering, washing, drying and sieving the reaction product to obtain an alkali type copper nitrate product, and carrying out concentration evaporating and crystallizing the filtrate to prepare a calcium nitrate product. The treatment method provided by the invention has the advantages that process flow is short, operation conditions are easily controlled, the method has safe and environment-friendly function, applicable treatment concentration range of electroplating wastewater containing copper nitrate is wide, and the method is particularly suitable for recycling copper in copper nitrate wastewater for small and medium enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment process field of electroplating wastewater, particularly contain its recovery method as resource of cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater.
Background technology
Electroplating (Electroplating) utilizes electrolysis principle on some metallic surface, to plate the process of other metal or alloy of skim, to utilize electrolytic action to make the technique of the surface attachment layer of metal film of metal or other material product, play and prevent from corrosion from improving the effects such as wear resistance, electroconductibility, reflective and having improved aesthetic appearance.
Copper nitrate waste water extensively is present in field of electroplating, such as: manyly using in the technique of copper spare as the plating piece matrix, usually all will before electroplating, remove the cupric oxide on copper spare top layer with nitric acid; The other metal objects is when copper facing, and hanger also can plate layer of copper thereupon, accumulates over a long period, and on hanger, just has the copper that thick layer is thick, generally need to clean with salpeter solution, can produce thus a large amount of electroplating wastewaters that contains cupric nitrate.These electroplating wastewaters that contain cupric nitrate often contain the Cu of higher concentration
2+, H
+, NO
3 -, and the foreign matter content such as general heavy metal is very low, if directly discharge, not only can cause the waste of resource, and can cause severe contamination to environment.
At present, to its recovery method as resource that contains the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater, be generally to adopt ion exchange method, displacement-electrolytic process or electrodeposition method to reclaim to prepare the metallic copper product, these treatment processs all exist the product that processing cost is higher, recovery prepares and only are metallic copper, product is too single, and the shortcoming such as added value is not relatively high.In addition, also have the following disadvantages:
Ion exchange method is due to the restriction of exchange capacity, and nitric acid has strong oxidizing property, easily destroys resin, therefore only for the recovery for the lower concentration cupric nitrate.
Adopt displacement-electrolytic process to reclaim the copper in copper nitrate waste water, generally need to use iron powder to replace, its method is that iron powder is spilled in copper nitrate waste water, and cupric ion is cemented out, and cleans post-drying, after smelting and pouring becomes plate, and refining.Adopt this method, removal process is also more loaded down with trivial details, long flow path.
The copper mass that utilizes electrodeposition method to reclaim is better, the rate of recovery is also higher, lays particular stress on the employing electrodeposition method therefore contain at present the treatment process of cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater more.But also there is following problem in the method: one: cupric nitrate is in the process of electrodeposition, and nitrate radical can react at anode, produces oxynitride, can worsen operational condition, contaminate environment; Its two: contain in the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater concentration of nitric acid higher, the cathode copper of output can be anti-molten, and anode also needs special rotproofing, and technology difficulty is large, and current efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
For the treatment process above shortcomings that contain at present the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing cost low, simple to operate, applied widely, reclaim product diversification and the relatively high treatment process of added value of product.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of its recovery method as resource that contains the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater, the described copper content contained in the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater is 50～130g/L, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: by described containing in the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater, adding neutralizing agent that its pH value is adjusted to 0.5～2, remove insolubles, obtain clear liquid, described neutralizing agent is calcium oxide, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide;
(2) calcium oxide, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide are added to the water stirring and size mixing, after the impurity that bottom removing, particle is larger, the furnishing massfraction is counted 3%～60% slurries with calcium oxide;
(3) to the clear liquid that adds in reactor a small amount of step (1) to obtain or distilled water as end liquid, when the question response temperature rises to 35～90 ℃, open whipping appts, and the slurries that the clear liquid that step (1) is obtained and step (2) obtain are to being added to reaction kettle for reaction, in process, to control the pH value be 3～6 to feed liquid to adding;
(4) feed liquid, to after adding, is controlled temperature of reaction and pH value constant, continues reaction 10～60min, obtains reaction product;
(5) reaction product that obtains of step (4) after filtration, make the basic copper nitrate product after washing, dry, sieving;
(6) after the concentrating filter liquor evaporative crystallization that step (5) obtains, make the nitrocalcite product.
The too low mother liquor of copper concentration in electroplating wastewater is too many, and energy consumption of reaction increases, and production efficiency is low; Excessive concentration viscosity is too large, and reaction has some setbacks, and the copper direct yield can descend, and quality product also can be subjected to certain impact.Feed liquid is controlled at 3～6th to adding pH value in process, because, the too low generation that is unfavorable for basic copper nitrate of pH value, the pH value is too high can affect again the main content of copper and nitrogen in product, affects quality product.
Further, described calcium oxide, calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide are selected 200～1000 purpose technical grade product.
Further, the massfraction of described slurries counts 10%～40% with calcium oxide.The too low mother liquor of concentration is too many, and energy consumption increases, and the too high reaction of concentration is too fast, and pH is wayward, and particle can be very tiny, affects strainability and the mobility of product.
Further, describedly be filtered into press filtration or centrifugal.
Further, the bake out temperature of described reaction product is 70～120 ℃.
Beneficial effect:
Compared with prior art, treatment process technical process provided by the invention is short, processing unit is simple, operational condition is easy to control, processing cost is low, safety and environmental protection, the concentration range that contains the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater that is suitable for processing are wider, especially is applicable to the recovery that medium and small sized enterprises realize copper in copper nitrate waste water.
Separately, treatment process provided by the invention can prepare basic copper nitrate and reclaim nitrocalcite, the various fields such as oxygenant that basic copper nitrate can be widely used in pyrotechnics, propelling agent, brass work intermediate and prepare the air bag propellant, its market requirement breach is always very large, from on this meaning, the basic copper nitrate added value of product is relatively high.
To sum up, the present invention has not only solved the difficult problem of the copper nitrate waste water processing of electroplating industry, and provide a new thinking for the compound probability of basic copper nitrate, take and contain the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater and be raw material, with cheap, the calcium oxide that the concentration variable range is wide, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide slurry reaction prepare basic copper nitrate, its reaction process comparatively relaxes, output product strainability is good, good product mobility after dry, gained basic copper nitrate product purity is high, quality is up to state standards, and reaction process does not need to add any ammonium salt or complexing agent, wastewater treatment is comparatively simple.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum that adopts the product that method provided by the invention obtains.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and following examples are explanation of the invention, and the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1
Reactions steps is as follows: with 1000 order technical grade calcium carbonate, be mixed with massfraction and with calcium oxide, count 60% suspension liquid, and will contain in advance cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater (the about 50g/L of cupric with this suspension liquid, pH=0.3) pH value is transferred to 1.5, removes insolubles, obtains clear liquid; Then in reactor, add a small amount of distilled water, and unlatching whipping appts, temperature is increased to 35 ℃ simultaneously, and then will mix up the clear liquid of pH and calcium carbonate suspension liquid (enough) simultaneously to being added in reactor, control pH value 6.0, after feed in raw material, maintain pH and continue to stir 20min, product filters, washs, oven dry under 100 ℃, pulverize 60 mesh sieves, finally obtained finished product; After concentrating filter liquor evaporative crystallization after product filters, make the nitrocalcite product.
By the XRD detection method, detect crystal composition and the structure of finished product, can determine that finished product is basic copper nitrate; The finished product of chemical analysis detection simultaneously obtains: copper content 52.92%, nitrate is (with NO
3Meter) content 25.84%, sodium content 0.05%, the deposition rate 98.45% of copper, the XRD figure spectrum of product is consistent with standard diagram.
Reactions steps is as follows: with 700 order technical grade calcium carbonate, be mixed with massfraction and with calcium oxide, count 20% suspension liquid, and will contain in advance cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater (the about 80g/L of cupric with this suspension liquid, pH=0.3) pH value is transferred to 1.0, removes insolubles, obtains clear liquid; Then in reactor, add a small amount of distilled water, and unlatching whipping appts, temperature is increased to 50 ℃ simultaneously, and then will mix up the clear liquid (400ml) of pH and calcium carbonate suspension liquid (enough) simultaneously to being added in reactor, control pH 4.5, after feed in raw material, maintain pH and continue to stir 40min, product filters, oven dry under washing, 105 ℃, pulverize 60 mesh sieves, finally obtained finished product; After concentrating filter liquor evaporative crystallization after product filters, make the nitrocalcite product.
By the XRD detection method, detect crystal composition and the structure of finished product, can determine that finished product is basic copper nitrate; The finished product of chemical analysis detection simultaneously obtains: copper content 52.78%, nitrate is (with NO
3Meter) content 25.36%, calcium contents 0.1%, the deposition rate 98.65% of copper, the XRD figure spectrum of product is consistent with standard diagram.
Reactions steps is as follows: with SILVER REAGENT unslaked lime, be mixed with massfraction and with calcium oxide, count 40% suspension liquid, and the pH value that will contain in advance cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater (cupric about 130g/L, pH=0.3) is transferred to 2.0, remove insolubles, obtain clear liquid; Then in reactor, add a small amount of distilled water, and unlatching whipping appts, temperature is increased to 70 ℃ simultaneously, and then will mix up the clear liquid of pH and calcium hydroxide suspension liquid (enough) simultaneously to being added in reactor, control pH 4.0, after feed in raw material, maintain pH and continue to stir 30min, product filters, oven dry under washing, 70 ℃, pulverize 60 mesh sieves, finally obtained finished product; After concentrating filter liquor evaporative crystallization after product filters, make the nitrocalcite product.
By the XRD detection method, detect crystal composition and the structure of finished product, can determine that finished product is basic copper nitrate; The finished product of chemical analysis detection simultaneously obtains: copper content 52.92%, nitrate is (with NO
3Meter) content 25.44%, calcium contents 0.06%, the deposition rate 99.13% of copper, the XRD figure spectrum of product is consistent with standard diagram.
Embodiment 4
Reactions steps is as follows: with 200 order technical grade unslaked limes, is mixed with massfraction and with calcium oxide, counts 3% suspension liquid,, and the pH value that will contain in advance cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater (cupric about 130g/L, pH=0.3) is transferred to 0.5, removes insolubles, obtains clear liquid; Then in reactor, add a small amount of distilled water, and unlatching whipping appts, temperature is increased to 90 ℃ simultaneously, and then will mix up the clear liquid of pH and calcium hydroxide suspension liquid (enough) simultaneously to being added in reactor, control pH 3, after feed in raw material, maintain pH and continue to stir 60min, product filters, oven dry under washing, 90 ℃, pulverize 60 mesh sieves, finally obtained finished product; After concentrating filter liquor evaporative crystallization after product filters, make the nitrocalcite product.
By the XRD detection method, detect crystal composition and the structure of finished product, can determine that finished product is basic copper nitrate.The finished product of chemical analysis detection simultaneously obtains: copper content 52.82%, nitrate is (with NO
3Meter) content 25.83%, sodium content 0.05%, the deposition rate 98.43% of copper, the XRD figure spectrum of product is consistent with standard diagram.
Embodiment 5
Reactions steps is as follows: with 400 order technical grade white limes, be mixed with massfraction and with calcium oxide, count 10% suspension liquid, and the pH value that will contain in advance cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater (cupric about 130g/L, pH=0.3) is transferred to 1.5, remove insolubles, obtain clear liquid; Then in reactor, add a small amount of distilled water, and unlatching whipping appts, temperature is increased to 90 ℃ simultaneously, and then will mix up the clear liquid of pH and calcium hydroxide suspension liquid (enough) simultaneously to being added in reactor, control pH 3.5, after feed in raw material, maintain pH and continue to stir 10min, product filters, oven dry under washing, 100 ℃, pulverize 60 mesh sieves, finally obtained finished product; After concentrating filter liquor evaporative crystallization after product filters, make the nitrocalcite product.
By the XRD detection method, detect crystal composition and the structure of finished product, can determine that finished product is basic copper nitrate; The finished product of chemical analysis detection simultaneously obtains: copper content 52.51%, nitrate is (with NO
3Meter) content 25.16%, sodium content 0.03%, the deposition rate 99.42% of copper, the XRD figure spectrum of product is consistent with standard diagram.
Claims (5)
1. its recovery method as resource that contains the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater, the described copper content contained in the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater is 50～130g/L, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: by described containing in the cupric nitrate electroplating wastewater, adding neutralizing agent that its pH value is adjusted to 0.5～2, remove insolubles, obtain clear liquid, described neutralizing agent is calcium oxide, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide;
(2) calcium oxide, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide are added to the water stirring and size mixing, after the impurity that bottom removing, particle is larger, the furnishing massfraction is counted 3%～60% slurries with calcium oxide;
(3) to the clear liquid that adds in reactor a small amount of step (1) to obtain or distilled water as end liquid, when the question response temperature rises to 35～90 ℃, open whipping appts, and the slurries that the clear liquid that step (1) is obtained and step (2) obtain are to being added to reaction kettle for reaction, in process, to control the pH value be 3～6 to feed liquid to adding;
(4) feed liquid, to after adding, is controlled temperature of reaction and pH value constant, continues reaction 10～60min, obtains reaction product;
(5) reaction product that obtains of step (4) after filtration, make the basic copper nitrate product after washing, dry, sieving;
(6) after the concentrating filter liquor evaporative crystallization that step (5) obtains, make the nitrocalcite product.
2. its recovery method as resource according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described calcium oxide, calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide are selected 200～1000 purpose technical grade product.
3. its recovery method as resource according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the massfraction of described slurries counts 10%～40% with calcium oxide.
4. its recovery method as resource according to claim 1 is characterized in that: describedly be filtered into press filtration or centrifugal.
5. its recovery method as resource according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bake out temperature of described reaction product is 70～120 ℃.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104894564A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-09 | 岳嵩 | Method for regeneration of stripping solution in electroplating waste water |
| CN107266129A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-10-20 | 深圳市深投环保科技有限公司 | Recovery method and urea ammonium nitrate liquid fertilizer preparation method containing copper nitrate waste water |
| CN107699697A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 惠州市臻鼎环保科技有限公司 | A kind of copper recovery method of copper nitrate waste water |
| CN108033480A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-15 | 合肥学院 | Method for recycling copper in wastewater by using calcium carbonate |
| CN111187099A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-05-22 | 深圳市深投环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of calcium nitrate-containing secondary element water-soluble fertilizer liquid product |
| CN115072763A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-09-20 | 阮氏化工（常熟）有限公司 | Device and method for producing basic copper nitrate by using copper-containing stripping and hanging liquid |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104894564A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-09 | 岳嵩 | Method for regeneration of stripping solution in electroplating waste water |
| CN107266129A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-10-20 | 深圳市深投环保科技有限公司 | Recovery method and urea ammonium nitrate liquid fertilizer preparation method containing copper nitrate waste water |
| CN107699697A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 惠州市臻鼎环保科技有限公司 | A kind of copper recovery method of copper nitrate waste water |
| CN108033480A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-15 | 合肥学院 | Method for recycling copper in wastewater by using calcium carbonate |
| CN111187099A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-05-22 | 深圳市深投环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of calcium nitrate-containing secondary element water-soluble fertilizer liquid product |
| CN115072763A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-09-20 | 阮氏化工（常熟）有限公司 | Device and method for producing basic copper nitrate by using copper-containing stripping and hanging liquid |
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